Sonqor

City in Kermanshah province, Iran

For the administrative division of Kermanshah province, see Sonqor County. For other places with the same name, see Sonqor.

City in Kermanshah, Iran

Sonqor

Persian: سنقر

City

Sonqor

Coordinates: 34°46′58″N 47°35′54″E﻿ / ﻿34.78278°N 47.59833°E﻿ / 34.78278; 47.59833[1]
Country| Iran
Province| Kermanshah
County| Sonqor
District| Central
Population

(2016)[2]

• Total

| 44,256
Time zone| UTC+3:30 (IRST)

Sonqor (Persian: سنقر)[a] is a city in the Central District of Sonqor County, Kermanshah province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district.[4] It is in the Zagros Mountains, about 90 kilometers from the province's capital city Kermanshah, and consists of two valleys; that of Gavehrud and Shajarud.[5][6] Sonqor lies between the modern cities of Kangavar and Sanandaj.[6]

## Demographics

[edit]

### Population

[edit]

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the city's population was 43,184 in 11,377 households.[7] The following census in 2011 counted 44,954 people in 13,228 households.[8] The 2016 census measured the population of the city as 44,256 people in 13,996 households.[2]

## Etymology

[edit]

The name Sonqor may derive from the Turkic chief Sonqor, a vassal of the Mongols of Shiraz in Fars, who had arrived in the region with his men during the Mongol occupation of Iran.[6]

## Geography and history

[edit]

In medieval Iran, Sonqor was situated on the road that ran between Dinavar and Adharbaydjan.[6] The orientalist Vladimir Minorsky (died 1966) argued that Sonqor must have therefore corresponded approximately to the first marḥala on the stretch from Dinavar to Sisar, the name of which is recorded as al-Djarba by Al-Maqdisi (died 991) and as Kharbadjan by Ibn Khordadbeh (fl. 9th century), and was 7 farsakhs from Dinavar.[6] The present-day distance between the ruins of Dinavar and Sonqor however, is not more than 24 kilometers.[6] Based on these arguments, Sonqor might have therefore corresponded to the medieval district of Maybahradj as noted by Al-Baladhuri (died 892), which was separated from Dinavar under Abbasid Caliph Al-Mahdi (r. 775–785) and joined to Sisar.[6]

Sonqor is separated from Dinavar through the pass of Mele-mas on the "line of heights" that stretches from Dalakham to Amrula.[6] To its northeast, the city of Sonqor is bordered by mount Pandjeh Ali; behind this mountain runs the road from Hamadan to Sanandaj.[6] The upper tributaries of the river that runs to Dinavar also flows into Sonqor, and which ultimately joins the Gamasab river.[6] The second edition of the Encyclopaedia of Islam notes that Sonqor, in the "strict sense", is neighboured by the (more northern) district of Kulya'i "on the upper course" of the Gawarud.[6] The western dependencies of the Gawarud in turn are Bilawar and Niyabat.[6] Sonqor was important in history for being located on the road followed by Muslim pilgrims who moved from Tabriz to Kermanshah.[6] This route avoided the predominantly Kurdish territory of Sanandaj and followed a detour through Bijar (Garrus) and Sonqor, eventually reaching Kermanshah within a day's march.[6]

## Sights

[edit]

The Ilkhanate-period Malek Tomb is located in the city.

## Demographics

[edit]

Sonqor County, in which the city of Sonqor is located, is made up of two distinct population elements.[6] The city of Sonqor is predominantly inhabited by Turkics, whose ancestors reportedly arrived during the Mongol domination of Iran.[6] The Turkic people of Sonqor originally speak the Sonqori dialect.[9] The area of Sonqor County outside of Sonqor city, on the other hand, is predominantly populated by Kurds most of whom have originally been agriculturalists.[6] The inhabitants of Sonqor city are generally trilingual in Sonqori, Kurdish and Persian.[10]

## See also

[edit]

Iran portal

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ Also known as Sanghūr and Sūnqūr; Kurdish: سونقوڕ[3]

## References

[edit]

1. ^ OpenStreetMap contributors (19 July 2023). "Sonqor, Sonqor County" (Map). OpenStreetMap (in Persian). Retrieved 19 July 2023.
2. ^ a b "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1395 (2016)". AMAR (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 05\. Archived from the original (Excel) on 3 April 2022. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
3. ^ Sonqor can be found at GEOnet Names Server, at this link, by opening the Advanced Search box, entering "-3086129" in the "Unique Feature Id" form, and clicking on "Search Database".
4. ^ Habibi, Hassan (21 June 1369). "Approval of the organization and chain of citizenship of the elements and units of the national divisions of Bakhtran province, centered in the city of Bakhtran". Research Center of the System of Laws of the Islamic Council of Farabi Mobile Library (in Persian). Ministry of Interior, Defense Political Commission of the Government Board. Archived from the original on 6 February 2013. Retrieved 29 January 2024.
5. ^ Nasiri, Ali Naqi; Floor, Willem M. (2008). Titles and Emoluments in Safavid Iran: A Third Manual of Safavid Administration. Mage Publishers. p. 293\. ISBN 978-1933823232.
6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Minorsky 1997.
7. ^ "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006)". AMAR (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 05\. Archived from the original (Excel) on 20 September 2011. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
8. ^ "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1390 (2011)". Syracuse University (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 05\. Archived from the original (Excel) on 18 January 2023. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
9. ^ Knüppel 2010.
10. ^ Borjian 2017, pp. 324–329. sfn error: no target: CITEREFBorjian2017 (help)

## Sources

[edit]

* Borjian, Habib (2017). "KERMANSHAH vii. LANGUAGES AND DIALECTS". In Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). Encyclopædia Iranica, Volume XVI/3: Kégl–Kešaʾi Dialect. London and New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp. 324–329. ISBN 978-1-934283-50-9.
* Knüppel, Michael (2010) [2000]. "TURKIC LANGUAGES OF PERSIA: AN OVERVIEW". Encyclopædia Iranica.
* Minorsky, V. (1997). "Sunḳur". In Bosworth, C. E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W. P. & Lecomte, G. (eds.). The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Volume IX: San–Sze. Leiden: E. J. Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-10422-8.
* Website of CHHTO of Kermanshah

* v
* t
* e

Kermanshah Province, Iran

Capital|

* Kermanshah

Counties and cities|

| Dalahu County|

* Kerend-e Gharb
* Gahvareh

|

Eslamabad-e Gharb County|

* Eslamabad-e Gharb
* Homeyl

Gilan-e Gharb County|

* Gilan-e Gharb
* Sarmast

Harsin County|

* Harsin
* Bisotun

Javanrud County|

* Javanrud

Kangavar County|

* Kangavar

Kermanshah County|

* Kermanshah
* Halashi
* Kuzaran
* Robat

Paveh County|

* Paveh
* Banevreh
* Bayangan
* Nowdeshah
* Nowsud

Qasr-e Shirin County|

* Qasr-e Shirin
* Sumar

Ravansar County|

* Ravansar
* Shaho

Sahneh County|

* Sahneh
* Mian Rahan

Salas-e Babajani County|

* Tazehabad
* Ezgeleh

Sarpol-e Zahab County|

* Sarpol-e Zahab

Sonqor County|

* Sonqor
* Satar

Sights|

* Kohneh Bridge
* Behistun Inscription
* Taq-e Bostan
* Temple of Anahita
* The Stone cave Hossein Kuhkan
* Dinavar
* Ganj Dareh
* Essaqwand Rock Tombs
* Sorkh Deh chamber tomb
* Malek Tomb
* Hulwan
* Median dakhmeh(Darbad,Sahneh)
* Ghar Parau
* Do-Ashkaft Cave
* Tekyeh Moaven al-molk
* Dokan Davood Inscription,Sar Pol-e-Zahab
* Tagh e gara,Patagh pass
* Sarab Niloufar
* Ghoori Ghale Cave
* Khaja Barookh's House
* Chiyajani Tappe
* Statue of Herakles in Behistun complex
* Emad al doleh Mosque
* Tekyeh Biglarbeygi
* Hunters cave,Behistun_complex
* Jamé Mosque of Kermanshah
* Godin Tepe
* Bas relief of Gotarzes II of Parthia
* Anubanini rock relief

populated places|

* List of cities, towns and villages in Kermanshah Province

* v
* t
* e

Sonqor County

Capital|

* Sonqor

Districts|

| Central|

| Cities|

* Sonqor

|

Rural Districts
and villages|

| Ab Barik|

* Ab Barik-e Olya
* Ab Barik-e Vosta
* Afareyanaj
* Aliabad-e Yusefi
* Deh-e Elyas
* Deh-e Hammzeh
* Dehnow
* Jan Ahmad
* Kalbiabad
* Kuchkineh
* Marengaz
* Palangin
* Qaleh-ye Farhad Khan
* Qarah Tappeh
* Sahanleh
* Sarsegaz
* Tappeh Rash
* Yargeleh

|

Bavaleh|

* Ab Barik-e Sofla
* Ali Bolagh
* Aranlah
* Bavaleh
* Charmaleh-ye Olya
* Charmaleh-ye Sofla
* Cheshmeh Qareh
* Chowgan
* Dar Heydar
* Darreh Vazam
* Deh-e Khazal
* Hajjiabad
* Hezar Khani-ye Olya
* Hezar Khani-ye Sofla
* Hoseynabad-e Deh Boneh
* Kalegah-e Zaman
* Karsavan
* Khalajan
* Khan Jamal-e Panahi
* Khan Jamal-e Zamani
* Khatamabad
* Khosrowabad-e Faleh Gori
* Mansur Arab
* Meykhvaran-e Mohammad Aqa
* Meykhvaran-e Mohammad Sadeq
* Meykhvaran-e Pir Ali Khan
* Meykhvaran-e Sadat
* Nurabad
* Sharifabad
* Tazehabad-e Karsavan
* Varmaqan

Gavrud|

* Asiab Jub-e Farmanfarma
* Bashirabad
* Chahargah
* Cham Kabud
* Changareh
* Charkas
* Cheshmeh Cheragh
* Cheshmeh Kareh
* Deh Soleyman
* Deh-e Abbas
* Deh-e Rezvan
* Eslamiyeh
* Firuzabad
* Gerdakaneh-ye Olya
* Gerdakaneh-ye Sofla
* Gorgin Darreh
* Gorji Bayan
* Habashi
* Hasanabad
* Heybatollah
* Hoseynabad-e Amjadi
* Kalak-e Amjadi
* Khvoshyar
* Kol Kol
* Kuzehgaran
* Marzban
* Meydan
* Paizabad
* Qaleh Juq
* Qomam
* Salarabad
* Sar Darreh-ye Qobadi
* Sarab-e Surenabad
* Surenabad

Parsinah|

* Azimabad
* Cham Cham
* Cheshmeh Sangi
* Chomaq Tappeh
* Choqa Bala-ye Olya
* Choqa Bala-ye Sofla
* Deh Asiab
* Farsinaj-e Jadid
* Jafarabad
* Kahtar
* Malekabad
* Qeshlaq
* Sorkh Alijeh
* Taherabad
* Ziveh

Sarab|

* Abbasabad
* Ainalah
* Aqbolagh
* Gallovij
* Gaznahleh
* Gheybollah
* Ghiasabad
* Hoseynabad-e Quri Chay
* Jamishan-e Olya
* Khanjarabad
* Khiaran
* Lilmanaj
* Najafabad
* Nokhvod Tappeh
* Pir Salman
* Qorveh
* Qurichai
* Safaiyeh
* Sar Darreh-ye Beyglar Beygi
* Shamsek
* Tazehabad-e Sarab
* Zanganeh

Kolyai|

| Cities|

* Satar

|

Rural Districts
and villages|

| Agahan|

* Agah-e Olya
* Aineh Jub
* Ali Asan-e Amiri
* Almadin
* Amir Emran
* Asiab Jub
* Burakah
* Chafdar
* Cheshmeh Sefid
* Deh Khodadad
* Gel-e Sorkheh
* Gol Tappeh
* Govijeh
* Haft Ashian
* Hasanabad-e Govijeh
* Heydarabad
* Jan Ali
* Khalifeh Bapir
* Khosrowabad-e Amjadi
* Kolah Pa
* Nosratabad
* Qaleh Jabreil
* Rig Jub
* Sayeh Kor-e Olya
* Sayeh Kor-e Sofla
* Sefid Zangul
* Soltaniyeh Hajjiabad
* Vardaran
* Zaghan-e Olya
* Zaghan-e Sofla

|

Kivananat|

* Agah-e Sofla
* Akbarabad
* Baqeleh-ye Olya
* Baqeleh-ye Sofla
* Baqerabad-e Samaleh
* Changizah
* Cheshmeh Bad
* Cheshmeh Khosrow
* Cheshmeh Zangi
* Kahelabad
* Kahriz-e Hajji Morad Khan
* Kashkamir
* Khaneqah-e Olya
* Khaneqah-e Sofla
* Khaneqah-e Vosta
* Kiveh Nan
* Lenjab
* Pir Mohammad
* Posht-e Darband
* Qeshlaq-e Sardar Eshraf
* Qul Darreh
* Saman Ban
* Sameleh
* Sar Kashkamir
* Sar Khom
* Seh Qulan
* Tappeh-ye Esmail
* Vizheh
* Voraj

Satar|

* Aliabad
* Aseman Dul
* Baba Sheykh Ali
* Burakabad
* Chahar Melan
* Cheshmeh Gilan
* Cheshmeh Qaleh
* Cheshmeh Qot
* Cheshmeh Turan
* Cheshmeh-ye Baha ol Din
* Choqur Chah
* Darband
* Dashti Bolagh
* Deh-e Sheykh
* Dugolbandeh
* Elyasan
* Jub Kabud-e Olya
* Kal Sefid
* Kandeh Sorkh
* Khalifeh
* Marzaleh
* Mulanabad
* Qaleh-ye Hajj Amin
* Shurabad
* Sir Kuh
* Sirduleh
* Talkhestan

*[fl.]: floruit ('flourished' – known to have been active at a particular time or during a particular period)
*[r.]: reigned
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template