Spanish Ladies

Traditional British naval song

Not to be confused with Spanish Lady or Lady of Spain.

James E. Buttersworth's The Clipper Ship Flying Cloud off the Needles, Isle of Wight (1859–60)

"Spanish Ladies" (Roud 687) is a traditional British naval song, typically describing a voyage from Spain to the Downs from the viewpoint of ratings of the Royal Navy.[1] Other prominent variants include an American variant called "Yankee Whalermen", an Australian variant called "Brisbane Ladies", and a Newfoundland variant called "The Ryans and the Pittmans".

## Origins

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A broadside ballad by the name "Spanish Ladies" was registered in the English Stationer's Company on December 14, 1624.[citation needed] Roy Palmer writes that the oldest text he has seen is from the 1796 logbook of HMS Nellie.[2] The timing of the mention in the Nellie's logbook suggests that the song was created during the War of the First Coalition (1793–96), when the Royal Navy carried supplies to Spain to aid its resistance to revolutionary France. It probably gained in popularity during the later Peninsular War when British soldiers were transported throughout the Iberian Peninsula to assist rebels fighting against the French occupation.[citation needed] After their victory over the Grande Armée, these soldiers were returned to Britain but forbidden to bring their Spanish wives, lovers, and children with them.[3]

The song predates the proper emergence of the sea shanty. Shanties were the work songs of merchant sailors, rather than naval ones. However, in his 1840 novel Poor Jack, Captain Frederick Marryat reports that the song "Spanish Ladies"—though once very popular—was "now almost forgotten" and he included it in whole in order to "rescue it from oblivion".[4] The emergence of shanties in the mid-19th century then revived its fortunes,[5] to the point where it is now sometimes included as a "borrowed song" within the genre.[6]

## Lyrics and music

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"Spanish Ladies" is the story of British naval seamen sailing north from Spain and along the English Channel. The crew are unable to determine their latitude by sighting as the distance between Ushant to the south and the Scillies to the north is wide. Instead, they locate themselves by the depth and the sandy bottom they have sounded. Arthur Ransome, in his novel Peter Duck, suggests that the succession of headlands on the English shore indicates the ship tacking up-channel away from the French coast, identifying a new landmark on each tack.[7] However, one verse (quoted below) states that they had the wind at southwest and squared their mainsails to run up the Channel, rather than beating against a northeasterly.

This is the text recorded in the 1840 novel Poor Jack.[4] It is one of many. Notable variations are shown in parentheses after each line.

Audio playback is not supported in your browser. You can download the audio file.

Source[8]

> Farewell and adieu to you, Spanish ladies, (alt: "...to Spanish ladies" alt: "... to you fair Spanish Ladies")
>  Farewell and adieu to you, ladies of Spain; (alt: "...to ladies of Spain;" alt: "...to you ladies of Spain;")
>       For we have received orders (alt: "...'re under orders")
>       For to sail to old England, (alt: "To sail back to England")
>  But we hope in a short time to see you again. (alt: "And we may ne'er see you fair ladies again." alt: "And never to see you fine ladies again"))

>  (Chorus:)
>  We'll rant and we'll roar, like true British sailors,
>  We'll rant and we'll roar across the salt seas; (alt: "We'll range and we'll roam all on the salt seas;")
>       Until we strike soundings
>       In the Channel of old England,
>  From Ushant to Scilly 'tis thirty-five leagues. (alt: "34" or "45".[10])

>  Then we hove our ship to, with the wind at the sou'west, my boys, (alt: "We hove our ship to, with the wind from sou'west, boys")
>  Then we hove our ship to, for to strike soundings clear; (alt: "...deep soundings to take;" "...for to make soundings clear;")
>       Then we filled the main topsail (alt: "'Twas 45 (or 55) fathoms with a white sandy bottom")
>       And bore right away, my boys, (alt: "So we squared our main yard")
>  And straight up the Channel of old England did steer. (alt: "And up channel did make." or "...did steer")

>  So the first land we made, it is called the Deadman, (alt: "The first land we sighted was callèd the Dodman")
>  Next Ram Head, off Plymouth, Start, Portland, and the Wight; (alt: "Next Rame Head off Plymouth, Start, Portland, and Wight;")
>       We sailèd by Beachy, (alt: "We sailed by Beachy / by Fairlight and Dover")
>       By Fairly and Dungeness,
>  And then bore away for the South Foreland light. (alt: "Until we brought to for..." or "And then we bore up for...")

>  Now the signal it was made for the Grand Fleet to anchor (alt: "Then the signal was made...")
>  All in the Downs that night for to meet; (alt: "...that night for to lie;")
>       Then stand by your stoppers, (alt: "Let go your shank painter, / Let go your cat stopper")
>       See clear your shank painters,
>  Hawl all your clew garnets, stick out tacks and sheets. (alt: "Haul up your clewgarnets, let tack and sheets fly")

>  Now let every man take off his full bumper, (alt: "Now let ev'ry man drink off his full bumper")
>  Let every man take off his full bowl; (alt: "And let ev'ry man drink off his full glass;")
>       For we will be jolly (alt: "We'll drink and be jolly")
>       And drown melancholy,
>  With a health to each jovial and true hearted soul. (alt: "And here's to the health of each true-hearted lass.")

## Traditional recordings

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Some traditional English performances of the song can be heard on the British Library Sound Archive:

* Walter Pardon, a Norfolk carpenter who had learnt it from a man who had in turn learnt it from a sailor[11]
* Ron Fletcher of Gloucestershire who had first heard it sung by two old ladies in St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, while he was serving in World War II[12]
* Harold Sykes of Hull, Yorkshire[13]
* Edward Tise of Smarden, Kent[14]

The folk song collectors Edith Fowke, Laura Boulton and Helen Creighton recorded versions from traditional singers in Canada, particularly in Nova Scotia.[15]

Helen Hartness Flanders recorded a man named William J. Thompson of Canaan, Vermont, US, singing "Gay Spanish Ladies", which can be heard online courtesy of the Helen Hartness Flanders Collection.[16]

## Variants

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The song has been found in several different minor and major keys.[17] Cecil Sharp considered the minor key version to be the "original".[18] The song has been localized to many different regions, usually with the phrase 'British sailors' in the first line of the chorus being substituted to another local identity. "Yankee Whalermen" is a prominent American variant, which is in a major mode and describes whalers instead of navy sailors. "Brisbane Ladies" is an Australian variant, about drovers instead of sailors. A significantly modified version called "The Ryans and the Pittmans", widely known as "We'll Rant and We'll Roar", is a traditional song from Newfoundland, Canada.

## Other recordings

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* A version was created especially for the Bluenose, a famed Canadian ship based in Nova Scotia.
* Great Big Sea recorded the Newfoundland variant "Rant and Roar" on their 1995 album Up.
* David Coffin recorded "Yankee Whalermen" for his 2000 album David Coffin & the Nantucket Sleighride.
* The H.P. Lovecraft Historical Society recorded a rewritten version, "Undying Ladies", for their 2016 album titled The Curious Sea Shanties of Innsmouth Massachusetts.
* "Spanish Ladies" was recorded by the American quintet Bounding Main and released on their 2016 album Fish Out of Water. [19]
* The Longest Johns recorded a version of it for their album Between Wind and Water (2018).
* The Merchant Men on their album A'Right My Lubbers! (2020).
* The Wellermen recorded a version (2025)

## In other media

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The song forms part of Sir Henry J. Wood's 1905 composition Fantasia on British Sea Songs.

As mentioned above, the song is quoted in full in the 1840 novel Poor Jack.[4] It appears in part in the 40th chapter of Herman Melville's Moby-Dick and in chapter 7 of Post Captain, the 2nd book and in Treason's Harbour, the 9th book of Patrick O'Brian's Aubrey–Maturin series of novels set during the Napoleonic Wars. It also appears in Arthur Ransome's books Swallows and Amazons and Missee Lee and Wilbur Smith's works Monsoon and Blue Horizon.

The "Yankee Whalerman" variant of the song notably appeared in the 1975 film Jaws, sung by the shark hunter Quint (portrayed by Robert Shaw).[20][21] It was also sung in the 2003 film Master and Commander: The Far Side of the World, based on the O'Brian books.

Robert Shaw, the actor who sang the tune in Jaws,[22][23] also sang it years earlier in a 1956 episode of the television show The Buccaneers.[24] It has also appeared in the series Homicide,[25] Hornblower,[26] Jimmy Neutron,[27] The Mentalist,[28] Gossip Girl,[29] Monsuno,[30] and Turn.[31]

A variation called "The Spanish Bride" was written and recorded by John Tams for the TV series Sharpe, with the lyrics changed to reflect British soldiers returning home at the end of the Peninsular War.[32]

The video games Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag and Assassin's Creed: Rogue feature "Spanish Ladies" as one of the collectible sea shanties that the sailors on the player's ship may begin singing while sailing between islands while out of combat.[33]

In The Mentalist episode "Ladies in Red", Patrick Jane sings the tune to himself whilst attempting to find the correct code to open the victim's panic room.

Michael McCormack and guitarist Greg Parker recorded a version of the song for the end titles of the Jaws documentary "The Shark Is Still Working: The Impact & Legacy of Jaws".

Australian singer-songwriter Sarah Blasko produced a cover of the song which featured in the series Turn: Washington's Spies.

## References

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1. ^ "The Spanish Ladies (Roud 687)". mainlynorfolk.info. Retrieved 2024-07-23.
2. ^ Palmer, Roy (1986). "54. Spanish Ladies". The Oxford Book of Sea Songs. Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 124–126\. ISBN 0-19-214159-7 – via Internet Archive.
3. ^ Venning, Annabel (2005). Following the Drum: The Lives of Army Wives and Daughters, Past and Present. London: Headline Book Publishing. ISBN 9780755312580 – via Internet Archive.[page needed]
4. ^ a b c Marryat, Frederick. Poor Jack, pp. 116 ff. Longman, Orme, Brown, Green, and Longmans (London), 1840.
5. ^ Chappell, William; Macfarren, George Alexander; Ruggles-Brise, Dorothea; Glen, John (1859). Popular Music of the Olden Time. Vol. 2\. London: Cramer, Beale & Chappell. p. 458\. JSTOR 3370428.
6. ^ Hugill, Stan (1961). Shanties from the Seven Seas: Shipboard Work-Songs from the Great Days of Sail. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul. p. 609\. ISBN 9780710015730. JSTOR 4521625. OCLC 8883552. `{{cite book}}`: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)
7. ^ Ransome, Arthur. Peter Duck[full citation needed]
8. ^ "Spanish Ladies", Music for Music Teachers
9. ^ United States Hydrographic Office. British Islands Pilot, Vol. 1: The south coast of England from the Scilly Isles to the Thames, pp. 37 ff. United States Department of the Navy, 1920.
10. ^ In fact, the distance from Point Cadoran off Ushant to Wingletang in the Scillies is less than 112 miles (180 km), an equivalent of 32½ leagues, a distance made still smaller by the notoriously treacherous waters around both extremes.[9]
11. ^ "Spanish Ladies – Reg Hall English, Irish and Scottish Folk Music and Customs Collection – World and traditional music". sounds.bl.uk. British Library Sound Archive. Archived from the original on June 24, 2021. Retrieved 2021-06-16.
12. ^ "Spanish Ladies – Roy Palmer English Folk Music Collection – World and traditional music". sounds.bl.uk. British Library Sound Archive. Archived from the original on June 24, 2021. Retrieved 2021-06-16.
13. ^ "Spanish Ladies – Steve Gardham English Folk Music Collection – World and traditional music". sounds.bl.uk. British Library Sound Archive. Archived from the original on January 19, 2022. Retrieved 2021-06-16.
14. ^ "Spanish Ladies – Bob Davenport English Folk Music Collection – World and traditional music". sounds.bl.uk. British Library Sound Archive. Archived from the original on May 19, 2015. Retrieved 2021-06-16.
15. ^ "Search: Canada". Vaughan Williams Memorial Library.
16. ^ D36A – archival cassette dub, retrieved 2021-06-16
17. ^ Steve Roud & Julia Bishop, eds. The New Penguin Book of English Folk Songs. Penguin Classics, 2002. ISBN 978-0-141-19461-5. p. 391.
18. ^ Cecil Sharp, Folk Songs from Somerset (1909), 5:90
19. ^ Spanish Ladies (28 September 2019). "Bounding Main". Bounding Main. Retrieved 2024-02-29.
20. ^ Britton, Andrew (2009). "Jaws (1979)". In Grant, Barry Keith (ed.). Britton on Film: The Complete Film Criticism of Andrew Britton. Wayne State University Press. p. 240\. ISBN 9780814333631.
21. ^ Connor, L. D. (April 8, 2015). "The Literal and the Littoral". The Studios after the Studios: Neoclassical Hollywood (1970–2010). Stanford University Press. p. 61\. ISBN 9780804794749.
22. ^ Pisano, Louis R.; Smith, Michael A. (October 6, 2015). Jaws 2: The Making of the Hollywood Sequel. BearManor Media. p. 237.
23. ^ Cobley, P. (November 9, 2000). "Reading the Space of the Seventies". The American Thriller: Generic Innovation and Social Change in the 1970s. Springer. p. 49\. ISBN 9780333985120.
24. ^ Sapphire Films. The Buccaneers. "The Ladies". ABC (UK) and CBS (US), 1956.
25. ^ Baltimore Pictures & al. Homicide: Life on the Street. "Ghost of a Chance". NBC, 1993.
26. ^ Meridian Television. Hornblower. "Retribution". ITV (UK), 2002, and A&E (US), 2003.
27. ^ O Entertainment & al. The Adventures of Jimmy Neutron, Boy Genius. "Monster Hunt". Nickelodeon, 2003. The song appeared with the words "Farewell and adieu, all ye cankered young ladies; Farewell and adieu, though my song is quite lame; For we received orders to sail to Pacoima; And then nevermore will we eat cheese again."
28. ^ Primrose Hill Productions & al. The Mentalist. "Ladies in Red". CBS, 2008.
29. ^ Warner Bros. Television & al. Gossip Girl. "In the Realm of the Basses". The CW, 2009.
30. ^ Jakks Pacific & al. Monsuno: Combat Chaos. "Six". TV Tokyo (Japan) and Nicktoons (US), 2013.
31. ^ AMC Studios. Turn. "Of Cabbages and Kings". AMC, 2014.
32. ^ Celtic Films and Picture Palace Films. Sharpe. "Sharpe's Enemy". ITV, 1994, and PBS (US), 1995.
33. ^ "Assassin's Creed IV: Spanish Ladies Lyrics". ORCZ. March 18, 2014. Retrieved February 28, 2018.

## External links

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* "Spanish Ladies Guitar Tabs & Piano Music Downloads", Music for Music Teachers
* Yankee Whalermen at Contemplator
* Rant and Roar (Canadian) at Contemplator
* A Yankee version using New Bedford
* "User-created map showing all the English landmarks mentioned during the English Channel leg of the voyage

Authority control databases |

* MusicBrainz work

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