Spanish language in South America

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Spanish language

A manuscript of the Cantar de mio Cid, 13th century

Overview

* Pronunciation
* stress
* Orthography
* Names

History

* Old
* Middle
* Influences

Grammar

* Determiners
* Nouns
* gender
* Pronouns
* personal
* object
* Adjectives
* Prepositions
* Verbs
* conjugation
* irregular verbs

Dialects

* Andalusian
* Andean
* Argentine
* Belizean
* Bolivian
* Canarian
* Caribbean
* Central American
* Chilean
* Colombian
* Costa Rican
* Cuban
* Dominican
* Ecuadorian
* Equatoguinean
* Guatemalan
* Honduran
* Mexican
* Murcian
* New Mexican
* Nicaraguan
* Paraguay
* Panamanian
* Peninsular
* Peruvian
* Philippine
* status
* Puerto Rican
* Rioplatense
* Saharan
* Salvadoran
* Standard
* Uruguayan
* Venezuelan

Dialectology

* Seseo
* Yeísmo
* Voseo
* Leísmo
* Loísmo

Interlanguages

* Llanito
* Jopara
* Judaeo-Spanish
* Portuñol
* Spanglish
* Castrapo
* Creoles
* Roquetas Pidgin
* Chavacano or Chabacano
* Palenquero or Palenque
* Aljamiado

Teaching

* Hispanism
* RAE
* Instituto Cervantes

* v
* t
* e

The Spanish language in South America varies within the different countries and regions of the continent. The term "South American Spanish" (Spanish: español sudamericano or español suramericano) is sometimes used as a broad name for the dialects of Spanish spoken on the continent, but such a term is only geographical and has little or no linguistic relevance. Spanish is the most widely spoken language of the South American continent, followed closely by Portuguese.

The diverse Spanish dialects of the continent have no unifying feature to set them apart from non-South American varieties. The Spanish of the Andean highlands is historically conservative, having some traits in common with the Spanish of central Mexico, while varieties spoken in Argentina and Venezuela share some phonological innovations with the Spanish spoken on Caribbean islands. In some cases a single South American country—for example Colombia—presents a broad spectrum of conservative and innovative dialects.

* Amazonic Spanish (Mainly in Eastern Peru, also in nearby Ecuador and Southeast Colombia)
* Andean Spanish (Mainly in highlands of Bolivia, Ecuador and Peru; also in Southwest Colombia, Northern Chile and Northwest Argentina)
* Caribbean Spanish (Venezuela and the Caribbean coast of Colombia)
* Chilean Spanish
* Chilote Spanish
* Cuyo Spanish (A branch of Chilean Spanish spoken in Western Argentina and influenced by Rioplatense Spanish)
* Varieties of Colombian Spanish
* Equatorial Spanish (Pacific coast of Colombia, Ecuador and Northern Peru)
* Paraguayan Spanish (Paraguay, Northeast Argentina and Eastern Bolivia)
* Peruvian Coast Spanish
* Rioplatense Spanish (Coastal Argentina and Uruguay)

* v
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* e

Spanish language in the Americas

Sovereign
states|

* Antigua and Barbuda
* Argentina
* Bahamas
* Barbados
* Belize
* Bolivia
* Brazil
* Canada
* Chile
* Colombia
* Costa Rica
* Cuba
* Dominica
* Dominican Republic
* Ecuador
* El Salvador
* Grenada
* Guatemala
* Guyana
* Haiti
* Honduras
* Jamaica
* Mexico
* Nicaragua
* Panama
* Paraguay
* Peru
* Saint Kitts and Nevis
* Saint Lucia
* Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
* Suriname
* Trinidad and Tobago
* United States
* Uruguay
* Venezuela

Dependencies
and territories|

* Anguilla
* Aruba
* Bermuda
* Bonaire
* British Virgin Islands
* Cayman Islands
* Curaçao
* Falkland Islands
* French Guiana
* Greenland
* Guadeloupe
* Martinique
* Montserrat
* Puerto Rico
* Saba
* Saint Barthélemy
* Saint Martin
* Saint Pierre and Miquelon
* Sint Eustatius
* Sint Maarten
* South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
* Turks and Caicos Islands
* U.S. Virgin Islands

* North America
* Central America
* Caribbean
*   *   *   * South America

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Dialects and varieties of Spanish by continent

Africa and Asia|

* Canarian
* Equatoguinean
* Philippine
* Saharan

Americas
(Interamerican)|

| Caribbean|

* Cuban
* Dominican
* Panamanian
* Puerto Rican
* Trinidadian

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Central America|

* Belizean
* Costa Rican
* Guatemalan
* Honduran
* Nicaraguan
* Pachuco
* Salvadoran

North America|

* United States
* Caló (Chicano)
* Californian
* Isleño
* New Mexican
* Sabine River
* Mexican

South America|

* Amazonic
* Andean
* Bolivian
* Chilean
* Chilote
* Chiloé Archipelago
* Colombian
* Cordobés
* Central Argentina
* Cuyano
* Central western Argentina
* Ecuadorian
* Equatorial
* Coastal Ecuador
* Llanero
* Los Llanos Colombia/Venezuela
* Maracucho
* Zulia State
* Paisa
* Paisa Region
* Paraguayan
* Pastuso
* Colombia-Ecuador border
* Peruvian
* Ribereño
* Coastal Peru
* Rioplatense
* Coastal Argentina
* Uruguayan
* Venezuelan

Europe
(Peninsular)|

* Andalusian
* Canarian
* Castilian
* Castrapo (Galicia)
* Castúo (Extremadura)
* Murcian
* spoken by Catalan speakers

Other|

* Standard
* Llanito
* Judaeo-Spanish
* Haketia
* Tetuani Ladino
* Caló (Para-Romani)
* Spanglish
* Palenquero (creole)
* Chavacano (creole)
* Media Lengua (mixed language)
* Papiamento (Portuguese-based creole with Spanish influence)

Extinct|

* Cocoliche and Lunfardo
* Coastal Argentina, Uruguay
* Malespín
* Central America
* Bozal

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