Speeches of Barack Obama

Overview of Barack Obama's speeches

Barack Obama delivering the keynote address at the 2004 Democratic National Convention |  |

This article is part of
a series about

Barack Obama

|

* * *

Personal

* Early life and career
* Family
* Honors
* Public image
* Publications
* Dreams from My Father
* The Audacity of Hope
* A Promised Land
* Summer playlist
* Non-profit organizations
* Obama Foundation
* One America Appeal
* Speeches

* * *

Illinois State Senator and U.S. Senator from Illinois

* Illinois State Senate tenure
* 2004 DNC keynote address
* U.S. Senate tenure
* 2004 election
* sponsored bills

* * *

44th President of the United States

* Presidency
* timeline
* Transition
* Inaugurations
* first
* second
* Efforts to impeach
* Presidential library

* * *

Tenure

* First 100 days
* Recovery Act
* Trips
* foreign
* '09
* '10
* '11
* '12
* '13
* '14
* '15
* '16–'17
* Russia nuclear treaty
* Nobel Peace Prize
* Affordable Care Act
* Dodd–Frank
* Iraq withdrawal
* Killing of Osama bin Laden
* 2011 debt-ceiling crisis
* Libya intervention
* Afghanistan withdrawal
* Benghazi attack
* 2013 debt-ceiling crisis
* Anti-ISIL campaign
* Iraq
* Syria
* Tan suit controversy
* Iran nuclear deal
* Cuban thaw
* Sanctions against Russia
* Selma 50th anniversary speech
* Paris Agreement

* * *

Policies

* Economy
* Energy
* Foreign policy
* Arctic
* Europe
* East Asia
* Middle East
* South Asia
* Obama Doctrine
* Pardons
* Marine
* Native
* Social
* Space

* * *

Appointments

* Cabinet
* Judiciary
* Sotomayor
* Kagan
* Garland
* Supreme Court candidates

* * *

Presidential campaigns

* 2008
* election
* primaries
* convention
* debates
* Obama coalition
* 2012
* election
* primaries
* convention
* debates

* * *

* v
* t
* e

Barack Obama served as the 44th president of the United States from 2009 to 2017. Before his presidency, he served in the Illinois Senate (1997–2004) and the United States Senate (2005–2008).

It was during his campaign for the United States Senate that he first made a speech that received nationwide attention; he gave the keynote address at the 2004 Democratic National Convention. and stated "there is not a liberal America and a conservative America—there is the United States of America". Obama began to run for president just three years after that speech. In response to a political controversy involving race during the primary campaign, he delivered his "A More Perfect Union" speech, which was widely seen as a critical point in the campaign.

Obama was elected to the presidency in 2008 and subsequently re-elected in 2012. Among the hundreds of speeches he has delivered since then include seven State of the Union addresses, two victory speeches, a speech to the Islamic world in Egypt early in his first term, and a speech following the shooting of Congresswoman Gabby Giffords.

On January 10, 2017, We Are The Change We Seek, a collection of Obama's greatest speeches selected and introduced by columnist E.J. Dionne and MSNBC host Joy-Ann Reid was published by Bloomsbury Publishing.[1]

## 2004 Democratic National Convention keynote address

[edit]

Main article: 2004 Democratic National Convention keynote address

The keynote address at the 2004 Democratic National Convention (DNC) was given by then Illinois state senator, United States Senate candidate, and future president Barack Obama on the night of Tuesday, July 27, 2004. His unexpected landslide victory in the March 2004 Illinois U.S. Senate Democratic primary had made him overnight a rising star within the national Democratic Party, started speculation about a presidential future, and led to the reissue of his memoir, Dreams from My Father.[2] His convention keynote address was well received, which further elevated his status within the Democratic Party and led to his reissued memoir becoming a bestseller.[3]

Obama first met Democratic presidential candidate John Kerry in the spring of 2004, and was just one of several names considered for the role of keynote speaker at the party's convention that summer. After being alerted in early July that he had been chosen to deliver the address, Obama largely wrote the speech himself, with later edits from the Kerry presidential campaign. Delivered on the second night of the DNC in just under 20 minutes, the address included both a biographical sketch of Obama, his own vision of America, and the reasons for his support of Kerry for the presidency. Unlike almost all prior and all subsequent convention keynote addresses, it was not televised by the commercial broadcast networks, and was only seen by a combined PBS, cable news and C-SPAN television audience of about 9 million. Since its delivery, several academics have studied the speech, both for the various narratives it describes as well as its implications for racial reconciliation.

## 2008 A More Perfect Union

[edit]

Main article: A More Perfect Union (speech)

"A More Perfect Union"[4][5] is the name of a speech delivered by Senator Barack Obama on March 18, 2008 in the course of the contest for the 2008 Democratic Party presidential nomination.[5] Speaking before an audience at the National Constitution Center in Philadelphia, Obama was responding to a spike in the attention paid to controversial remarks made by the Reverend Jeremiah Wright, his former pastor and, until shortly before the speech, a participant in his campaign. Obama framed his response in terms of the broader issue of race in the United States. The speech's title was taken from the Preamble to the United States Constitution.

Obama addressed the subjects of racial tensions, white privilege, and race and inequality in the United States, discussing black "anger", white "resentment", and other issues as he sought to explain and contextualize Wright's controversial comments.[6] His speech closed with a plea to move beyond America's "racial stalemate" and address shared social problems.

On March 27, 2008, the Pew Research Center called the speech "arguably the biggest political event of the campaign so far," noting that 85 percent of Americans said they had heard at least a little about the speech and that 54 percent said they heard a lot about it.[7] The New Yorker opined that the speech helped elect Obama as the president of the United States.[8]

## 2008 Presidential Election Victory Speech

[edit]

Main article: Barack Obama 2008 presidential election victory speech

Following his victory in the 2008 United States presidential election, President-elect Barack Obama gave his victory speech[9] at Grant Park in his home city of Chicago,[10] on November 4, 2008, before an estimated crowd of 240,000.[11][12] Viewed on television and the Internet by millions of people around the globe, Obama's speech focused on the major issues facing the United States and the world, all echoed through his campaign slogan of change.[13] He also mentioned his grandmother, who had died two nights earlier.

## 2009 Inaugural Address

[edit]

Main article: First inauguration of Barack Obama § Inaugural address

Delivered on January 20, 2009.

## February 2009 Address to a Joint Session of Congress

[edit]

Main article: February 2009 Barack Obama speech to a joint session of Congress

Obama addressing Congress

United States President Barack Obama delivered a speech to a joint session of the 111th United States Congress on February 24, 2009.[14] It was not an official State of the Union address.[15] Obama's first State of the Union Address was the 2010 State of the Union Address. The speech was delivered on the floor of the chamber of the United States House of Representatives in the United States Capitol. Presiding over this joint session was the House Speaker, Nancy Pelosi. Accompanying the speaker of the House was the president of the United States Senate, Joe Biden, the vice president of the United States.

President Obama discussed the recently passed $787 billion American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 as well as the Troubled Assets Relief Program, the state of the economy, and the future of the country.[16]

Attorney General Eric Holder was the designated survivor and did not attend the address in order to maintain a continuity of government. He was sequestered at a secret secure location for the duration of the event.[17]

## 2009 A New Beginning

[edit]

Main article: A New Beginning (speech)

"A New Beginning" is the name of a speech delivered by United States President Barack Obama on June 4, 2009, from the Major Reception Hall at Cairo University in Egypt. Al-Azhar University co-hosted the event. The speech honors a promise Obama made during his presidential campaign to give a major address to Muslims from a Muslim capital during his first few months as president.[18]

White House Press Secretary Robert Gibbs indicated that Egypt was chosen because "it is a country that in many ways represents the heart of the Arab world."[19] Egypt is considered a key player in the Middle East peace process as well as a major recipient of American military and economic aid. Reuters reporter Ross Colvin reported that the speech would attempt to mend the United States' relations with the Muslim world, which he wrote were "severely damaged" during the presidency of George W. Bush.[18]

## September 2009 Address to a Joint Session of Congress

[edit]

Main article: September 2009 Barack Obama speech to a joint session of Congress

United States President Barack Obama discussed his plan for health care reform in a speech delivered to a joint session of the 111th United States Congress on September 9, 2009 at 8:00 PM (EDT). The speech was delivered to Congress on the floor of the chamber of the United States House of Representatives in the United States Capitol. House Speaker Nancy Pelosi presided over the joint session and was accompanied by the president of the United States Senate, Joe Biden, the vice president of the United States. Energy Secretary Steven Chu was chosen as the designated survivor and did not attend the speech.[20]

## 2009 Address to the United Nations General Assembly

[edit]

Main article: General debate of the sixty-fourth session of the United Nations General Assembly § 23 September

Delivered on September 23, 2009.

## 2010 State of the Union Address

[edit]

President Obama delivering the State of the Union to the United States Congress with Vice President Joe Biden and House Speaker Nancy Pelosi

Main article: 2010 State of the Union Address

The 2010 State of the Union Address was given by United States President Barack Obama on January 27, 2010, to a joint session of Congress.[21] It was aired on all the major networks starting at 9 pm ET.[22] It was Obama's first State of the Union Address, though the president did give a non-State of the Union address to a joint session of Congress a month after taking office in 2009.

The speech was delivered in the United States House of Representatives in the United States Capitol. As always, the presiding officers of the Senate and the House of Representatives, Vice President Joe Biden (as Senate President) and House Speaker Nancy Pelosi sat behind the president.

The theme for President Obama's speech was "Rescue, Rebuild, Restore – a New Foundation for Prosperity".[23][24] Among the topics that Obama covered in his speech were proposals for job creation and federal deficit reduction.[25]

Newly inaugurated Virginia Governor Bob McDonnell delivered the Republican response following the speech[26] from the floor of the House of Delegates at the Virginia State Capitol in front of over 300 people.[27]

## 2010 Space policy speech at Kennedy Space Center

[edit]

Further information: Space policy of the Barack Obama administration § Space policy speech at Kennedy Space Center

This speech was delivered on April 15, 2010, at the Kennedy Space Center.

## 2010 Address to the United Nations General Assembly

[edit]

Main article: General debate of the sixty-fifth session of the United Nations General Assembly § 23 September 2010

Delivered on September 23, 2010.

## 2011 Tucson memorial speech

[edit]

Main article: Barack Obama Tucson memorial speech

President of the United States Barack Obama delivered a speech at the Together We Thrive: Tucson and America memorial on January 12, 2011, held in the McKale Center on the University of Arizona campus.

It honored the victims of the 2011 Tucson shooting and included themes of healing and national unity. Watched by more than 30 million Americans,[28] it drew widespread praise from politicians and commentators across the political spectrum and from abroad.

## 2011 State of the Union Address

[edit]

Main article: 2011 State of the Union Address

The 2011 State of the Union Address was a speech given by President Barack Obama at 9 p.m. EST on January 25, 2011, in the chamber of the United States House of Representatives.[29] In this joint session Obama outlined his "vision for an America that's more determined, more competitive, better positioned for the future—an America where we out-innovate, we out-educate, we out-build the rest of the world; where we take responsibility for our deficits; where we reform our government to meet the demands of a new age."[30][31][32]

## 2011 Birth Certificate statement

[edit]

Obama delivered a speech at the White House Briefing Room on April 20, 2011. He stated that the release of his birth certificate is a settled issue saying that the American people "didn't care" nor were concerned about this. Obama blamed partisan politics and said this release is no different than any earlier release.

## September 2011 Address to a Joint Session of Congress

[edit]

Further information: September 2011 Barack Obama speech to a joint session of Congress

Delivered on September 8, 2011.

## 2011 Address to the United Nations General Assembly

[edit]

Main article: General debate of the sixty-sixth session of the United Nations General Assembly § 21 September 2011

Delivered on September 21, 2011.

## 2012 State of the Union Address

[edit]

Main article: 2012 State of the Union Address

The 2012 State of the Union Address was a speech given by President Barack Obama, from 9 p.m. to 10:17 p.m. EST on Tuesday, January 24, 2012, in the chamber of the United States House of Representatives.[33][34] In his speech, he focused on education reform, repairing America's infrastructure with money not used on the Iraq War, and creating new energy sources in America.

## 2012 "You didn't build that"

[edit]

See also: You didn't build that

The speech took place in Roanoke, Virginia, on July 13, 2012.[35]

## 2012 Address to the United Nations General Assembly

[edit]

Main article: General debate of the sixty-seventh session of the United Nations General Assembly § 25 September 2012

Delivered on September 25, 2012.

## 2012 Speech to the Clinton Global Initiative

[edit]

Barack Obama's speech to the Clinton Global Initiative in 2012 took place on September 25, 2012.[36] The speech was on the subject of human trafficking, which Obama referred to as "modern slavery".[37] He stated that he did not use the term "slavery" lightly, knowing that this word conjures painful memories of previous forms of slavery in the United States.[38] In the speech, he told his administration to oppose human trafficking to a greater extent than the administration had done previously.[39] He also encouraged people to develop technology to combat human trafficking, and specifically put a call out to college students.[40] He also told the story of former human trafficking victim Sheila White, who, in 2003, was battered next to the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey without anyone even asking her if she needed help.[41] Opening night of the human-trafficking-themed Canadian play She Has a Name in Edmonton, Alberta coincided with Obama's speech.[42] JD Supra called it a "landmark speech [that] is reflective of the fact that human trafficking and forced labor have become key priorities" for people wishing to address the human rights issues that result from business operations.[43] California Against Slavery founder Daphne Phung was pleased with Obama's speech.[44] As part of the Obama administration's followup to the speech to the Clinton Global Initiative, there was a 25-person discussion at the White House about how to eliminate human trafficking globally.[45]

## 2012 Presidential Election Victory Speech

[edit]

Main article: Barack Obama 2012 presidential campaign § Election and victory

Delivered on November 6, 2012.

## 2013 Inaugural Address

[edit]

Main article: Second inauguration of Barack Obama § Inaugural address

Delivered on January 21, 2013.

## 2013 State of the Union Address

[edit]

Further information: 2013 State of the Union Address

Delivered on February 12, 2013.

## 2013 Speech at the Brandenburg Gate Berlin

[edit]

This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (July 2013)

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Delivered on June 19, 2013.

## 2013 "Trayvon Martin could have been me 35 years ago"

[edit]

President Obama delivers a speech in the White House Press Room on July 19, 2013.[Note 1]

On July 19, 2013, President Obama gave a speech in place of the usual White House daily briefing normally given by White House Press Secretary Jay Carney. In the 17-minute speech, President Obama spoke about public reaction to the conclusion of the George Zimmerman trial, racial profiling, and the state of race relations in the United States.[46] The speech was widely covered on news networks, and made headlines across the country. During this speech, made six days after George Zimmerman was found not guilty, Obama said, "Trayvon Martin could have been me 35 years ago." That phrase became the most frequently quoted portion of the speech in the news cycle that followed.[46] The speech marked a major turning point for Barack Obama, who had previously shied away from addressing issues of racial tension during his presidency. During the remarks, President Obama spoke about the many African-Americans who have experienced racial profiling, including himself.[47]

> There are very few African American men in this country who haven't had the experience of being followed when they were shopping in a department store. That includes me. There are very few African American men who haven't had the experience of walking across the street and hearing the locks click on the doors of cars. That happens to me—at least before I was a senator. There are very few African Americans who haven't had the experience of getting on an elevator and a woman clutching her purse nervously and holding her breath until she had a chance to get off. That happens often.[48]

President Obama also spoke about stand-your-ground laws and pondered that, if Trayvon Martin had been armed, he might possibly have legally stood his ground on the sidewalk and shot George Zimmerman because he felt threatened. Based on that ambiguity, Obama said that perhaps such laws should be examined.[46]

## 2013 Speech at the Lincoln Memorial Reflecting Pool

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This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (April 2014)

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On August 28, 2013, the 50th anniversary of the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom and Martin Luther King Jr.'s "I Have A Dream" speech was commemorated by an all day event featuring various speakers including President Barack Obama and John Lewis, the only speaker from the original rally to remain living.

## 2013 Address to the United Nations General Assembly

[edit]

Main article: General debate of the sixty-eighth session of the United Nations General Assembly § 24 September

Delivered on September 24, 2013.

## 2014 State of the Union Address

[edit]

Further information: 2014 State of the Union Address

Delivered on January 28, 2014.

## 2014 Address to the United Nations General Assembly

[edit]

Main article: General debate of the sixty-ninth session of the United Nations General Assembly § 24 September

Delivered on September 24, 2014.

## 2015 State of the Union Address

[edit]

Further information: 2015 State of the Union Address

Delivered on January 20, 2015.

## 2015 Selma Anniversary

[edit]

Further information: Barack Obama Selma 50th anniversary speech

Obama spoke on March 7, 2015 to mark the 50th anniversary of the Selma to Montgomery Marches, lauded unsung heroes and everyday Americans that stood up for justice. According to leading George W. Bush speechwriter Michael Gerson, the speech "falls into the category of speeches that every child should read in school" and is cited by the Washington Post as the Obama speech which will hold up best for posterity.[49]

## 2015 Eulogy for Clementa Pinckney

[edit]

After the Charleston church shooting, during which state senator Clementa C. Pinckney and eight other victims were gunned down by a white supremacist, Obama went to the College of Charleston on June 26, 2015 to deliver the eulogy for senator Pinckney while addressing bigger issues about race relations and civil rights in the United States.[50] Speech had Obama singing "Amazing grace" with the emotional crowd.[51] A part of this song in speech was sampled by British band Coldplay in their album "A Head Full of Dreams"[52].

## 2015 Address to the United Nations General Assembly

[edit]

Main article: General debate of the seventieth session of the United Nations General Assembly § 28 September

Delivered on September 28, 2015.

## 2015 Address to the Nation by the President

[edit]

On December 6, 2015, after a terrorist attack on San Bernardino, California, Obama delivered a live Address to the Nation by the President from the Oval Office. In the address, he declared the shooting an act of terrorism, referring to the shooters as having "gone down the dark path of radicalization" and embracing a "perverted version of Islam."[53] Obama said that "the threat from terrorism is real, but we will overcome it" and promised that the United States will "destroy ISIL and any other organization that tries to harm us." Obama also outlined the ongoing fight against ISIL (including U.S. airstrikes, financial sanctions, and targeted special operations) and urged Americans to not give in to fear.[54] It was just the third speech from the Oval Office in the seven years of Obama's presidency.[55][56]

## 2016 State of the Union Address

[edit]

Further information: 2016 State of the Union Address

Delivered on January 12, 2016.

## 2016 Hiroshima Speech

[edit]

On May 27, 2016, Obama became the first sitting US president to visit Hiroshima, bombed by the US in 1945. He made a speech at the Hiroshima Peace Park to a small audience of around 100 people, including hibakusha (atomic bomb survivors). His speech was followed by one by Japanese prime minister Shinzō Abe.[57]

## 2016 Democratic National Convention

[edit]

President Obama hugging Hillary Clinton

> "You know, nothing truly prepares you for the demands of the Oval Office. Until you've sat at that desk, you don't know what it's like to manage a global crisis or send young people to war. ... But Hillary's been in the room. She's been part of those decisions."

— Barack Obama in the 2016 Democratic National Convention (July 27, 2016)[58]

In one of the last major speeches of his presidency, Obama strongly endorsed Clinton as the Democratic nominee for president on July 27, 2016, saying "there has never been a man or woman more qualified than Hillary Clinton. Not me, not Bill, nobody!"[59] Obama contrasted his and Clinton's hopeful view of America with that of Republican nominee Donald Trump, which he called "deeply pessimistic."[59] Obama argued that Trump was unqualified for the office, and was attempting to use fear to get elected.[60] Michael Grunwald of Politico called it a "stirring but fundamentally defensive speech."[61] Conservative blogger Erick Erickson tweeted "I disagree with the President on so much policy and his agenda, but appreciate the hope and optimism in this speech."[62] After the speech, Clinton appeared on the stage for the first time in the convention, embracing her 2008 primary rival.[63]

## 2016 Hillary Clinton Presidential Campaign speeches

[edit]

People waiting on Hooker Fields at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, for Obama to arrive and give a speech

Barack Obama gave eighteen speeches on behalf of the Clinton Campaign, many of which were in battleground states, such as North Carolina and New Hampshire. His last speech on behalf of the campaign was delivered at a rally at Independence Hall in Philadelphia on the eve of Election Day on November 7, 2016.[64]

## 2016 Address to the United Nations General Assembly

[edit]

Main article: General debate of the seventy-first session of the United Nations General Assembly § 20 September

Delivered on September 20, 2016.

## 2017 Farewell Address

[edit]

Further information: Barack Obama's farewell address

This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (January 2023)

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Barack Obama gave a farewell speech on January 10, 2017, stating many achievements made during his presidency and thanking the American people for their hard work they had done and would continue to do.

## 2020 HBCU Commencement speech

[edit]

On May 16, 2020, Obama gave a virtual commencement speech for some 27,000 students from 78 historically black colleges and universities (HBCU).[65] He said, "You've got more tools, technology, and talents than my generation did. No generation has been better positioned to be warriors for justice and remake the world."[65]

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ Transcript of President Obama's Remarks
* Remarks by the President on Trayvon Martin
Video of President Obama's Remarks
* President Obama Speaks on Trayvon Martin

## References

[edit]

1. ^ We Are The Change We Seek: The Speeches Barack Obama, Bloomsbury Publishing
2. ^ Mendell, David (March 17, 2004). "Obama routs Democratic foes; Ryan tops crowded GOP field; Hynes, Hull fall far short across state". Chicago Tribune. p. 1. Retrieved September 13, 2012.
* Davey, Monica (March 18, 2004). "As quickly as overnight, a Democratic star is born". The New York Times. p. A20. Retrieved September 13, 2012.
* Howlett, Debbie (March 18, 2004). "Dems see a rising star in Illinois Senate candidate". USA Today. p. A04. Retrieved September 13, 2012.
* Scheiber, Noam (May 31, 2004). "Race against history. Barack Obama's miraculous campaign". The New Republic. pp. 21–22, 24–26 (cover story). Retrieved September 13, 2012.
* Finnegan, William (May 31, 2004). "The Candidate. How far can Barack Obama go?". The New Yorker. pp. 32–38. Retrieved September 13, 2012.
* Dionne Jr., E.J. (June 25, 2004). "In Illinois, a star prepares". The Washington Post. p. A29. Retrieved September 13, 2012.
* Mendell, David (August 14, 2007). Obama: from promise to power. New York: Amistad/HarperCollins. pp. 235–259. ISBN 978-0-06-085820-9.
* Scott, Janny (May 18, 2008). "The story of Obama, written by Obama". The New York Times. p. A1. Retrieved September 13, 2012.
3. ^ "Star power. Showtime: Some are on the rise; others have long been fixtures in the firmament. A galaxy of bright Democratic lights". Newsweek. August 2, 2004. pp. 48–51. Retrieved September 13, 2012.
* Samuel, Terence (August 2, 2004). "A shining star named Obama. How a most unlikely politician became a darling of the Democrats". U.S. News & World Report. p. 25\. Archived from the original on December 6, 2008. Retrieved September 13, 2012.
* Lizza, Ryan (September 2004). "The Natural. Why is Barack Obama generating more excitement among Democrats than John Kerry?". The Atlantic Monthly. pp. 30, 33. Retrieved September 13, 2012.
* Davey, Monica (July 26, 2004). "A surprise Senate contender reaches his biggest stage yet". The New York Times. p. A1. Retrieved September 13, 2012.
* Leibovich, Mark (July 27, 2004). "The other man of the hour". The Washington Post. p. C1. Retrieved September 13, 2012.
* Milligan, Susan (July 27, 2004). "In Obama, Democrats see their future". The Boston Globe. p. B8. Retrieved September 13, 2012.
* Seelye, Katharine Q. (July 28, 2004). "Illinois Senate nominee speaks of encompassing unity". The New York Times. p. A1. Archived from the original on June 24, 2006. Retrieved September 13, 2012.
* Broder, David S. (July 28, 2004). "Democrats focus on healing divisions; Addressing convention, newcomers set themes". The Washington Post. p. A1. Retrieved September 13, 2012.
* Bing, Jonathan; McClintock, Pamela (July 29, 2004). "Auds resist charms of Dem stars; Convention sees tepid ratings". Variety. p. 1. Retrieved September 13, 2012.
* Mendell, David (August 14, 2007). Obama: from promise to power. New York: Amistad/HarperCollins. pp. 272–285. ISBN 978-0-06-085820-9.
4. ^ "'A more perfect union' by Barack Obama". The Los Angeles Times. March 19, 2008. Archived from the original on June 8, 2008. Retrieved March 22, 2008.
5. ^ a b Barack Obama (March 18, 2008). "Text of Obama's speech: A More Perfect Union". Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on March 20, 2008. Retrieved March 18, 2008.
6. ^ Nedra Pickler & Matt Apuzzo (March 18, 2008). "Obama confronts racial division". Associated Press. Retrieved August 6, 2015.
7. ^ "Obama Speech on Race Arguably Biggest Event of Campaign". Pew Research Center. March 27, 2008. Archived from the original on March 30, 2008. Retrieved March 28, 2008.
8. ^ Hendrik Hertzberg, "Obama Wins", The New Yorker, November 17, 2008, p. 40, found at The New Yorker website. Retrieved November 18, 2008.
9. ^ CQ Transcripts Wire (November 4, 2008). "Sen. Barack Obama's Acceptance Speech in Chicago". The Washington Post. Retrieved November 5, 2008.
10. ^ "Obama Acceptance Speech". Times of the Internet. November 4, 2008. Archived from the original on November 8, 2008. Retrieved November 5, 2008.
11. ^ "Chicago News – 11/05/08". ABC. Retrieved November 5, 2008.
12. ^ "Rally crowd heads home for the night". The Chicago Tribune. Retrieved November 5, 2008.
13. ^ Gilbert, Debbie (November 6, 2008). "Residents relate the personal significance of this election". Gainseville Times. Retrieved November 8, 2008.
14. ^ Levi, Michelle (February 10, 2009). "Date Set For Obama's First Address To Congress". CBS News. Archived from the original on February 17, 2009. Retrieved February 10, 2009.
15. ^ "Obama outlines ambitious agenda for 'lasting prosperity'". CNN.com. February 25, 2009. Archived from the original on February 24, 2009. Retrieved February 25, 2009.
16. ^ "Obama outlines ambitious agenda for 'lasting prosperity'". CNN. February 24, 2009.
17. ^ "Holder Draws 'Survivor' Duty". Washington Post. February 25, 2009. Retrieved January 21, 2011.
18. ^ a b Colvin, Ross (May 8, 2009). "Obama to reach out to Muslims in Egypt speech". Reuters. Archived from the original on May 11, 2009. Retrieved May 10, 2009.
19. ^ Office of the Press Secretary (May 8, 2009). "Briefing by White House Press Secretary Robert Gibbs". whitehouse.gov. Retrieved May 10, 2009 - via National Archives.
20. ^ "Energy secretary stays away during Obama health care speech to joint session of Congress". Chicago Tribune. Associated Press. September 9, 2009. Retrieved September 14, 2009.
21. ^ "Obama's first State of the Union address set for January 27". AFP. January 18, 2010. Archived from the original on January 22, 2010. Retrieved January 18, 2010.
22. ^ Bazinet, Kenneth R. (January 19, 2010). "President Obama won't be 'Idol' on January 27 when he delivers State of the Union address to Congress". Daily News. New York. Archived from the original on January 30, 2010. Retrieved January 24, 2010.. ABC, CBS, Fox, NBC and PBS online schedules as of January 24, 2010.
23. ^ Zeleny, Jeff (January 27, 2010). "Obama's Themes: 'Rescue, Rebuild, Restore'". The New York Times. Retrieved February 1, 2011.
24. ^ "Obama Vows to Restore a 'Tested' Nation". January 28, 2010. Retrieved February 1, 2011.
25. ^ "After spending binge, White House says it will focus on deficits". Politico. November 13, 2009. Retrieved January 8, 2010. "President Barack Obama announced in next year's State of the Union address that he wants to focus extensively on cutting the federal deficit in 2010 – and downplayed other new domestic spending beyond jobs programs, according to top aides involved in the planning."
26. ^ "2010 Republican Response". BBC News. January 27, 2010. Archived from the original on January 30, 2010. Retrieved January 28, 2010.
27. ^ "McDonnell Trumps Obama's State of the Union Speech". Human Events. January 28, 2010. Archived from the original on April 8, 2010. Retrieved February 22, 2010.
28. ^ "More than 30 Million Watch President Obama's Address at Tucson Memorial" NielsenWire, January 13, 2011. Retrieved January 21, 2011.
29. ^ H.Con.Res. 10
30. ^ "Remarks by the President at Families USA Health Action Conference". January 28, 2011. Archived from the original on October 7, 2011. Retrieved January 29, 2011.
31. ^ "Obamas Speeches: Remarks by the President at Families USA Health Action Conference". January 28, 2011. Archived from the original on July 27, 2011. Retrieved January 29, 2011.
32. ^ "Video: President Addresses Health Care Advocates--"I'm happy to report that granny is safe"". January 28, 2011. Archived from the original on September 23, 2012. Retrieved January 29, 2011.
33. ^ Kamen, Al (January 13, 2012). "Obama's State of the Union: A work in progress". The Washington Post.
34. ^ Calmes, Jackie (January 21, 2012). "Obama to Push Activism in State of the Union Address". The New York Times.
35. ^ Weiner, Juli (July 18, 2012). "The Rise of Romney's "You Didn't Build That" Meme". Vanity Fair. Retrieved September 14, 2012.
36. ^ Kaitlin Helm (November 29, 2012). "Students join Obama's campus challenge to end human trafficking". TCU360. Retrieved December 2, 2012.
37. ^ Ben Feller (September 25, 2012). "Clinton Global Initiative: Obama Outlines Steps To Fight Human Trafficking". The Huffington Post. Retrieved December 2, 2012.
38. ^ Nathi Gule (November 12, 2012). "Tapping in on Obama-mania". Swazi Observer. Retrieved December 2, 2012.
39. ^ Clarissa Kell-Holland (November 15, 2012). "Transportation industry unites to stop human trafficking". Land Line Magazine. Retrieved December 2, 2012.
40. ^ Lee Rickwood (November 27, 2012). "Calgary tech company crowdsources fight against sex trafficking". Calgary Herald. Retrieved December 2, 2012.
41. ^ John Dankosky (April 17, 2013). Human Trafficking: Modern Day Slavery. Connecticut Public Radio. Archived from the original on September 21, 2013. Retrieved August 21, 2013.
42. ^ Liz Nicholls (September 26, 2012). "Theatre review: Performances outshine writing in vivid activist play". Edmonton Journal. Retrieved October 1, 2012.[permanent dead link]
43. ^ Sarah A. Altschuller (December 1, 2012). "Corporate Responsibility for Human Trafficking & Five Steps that Your Company Can Take Right Now". JD Supra. Retrieved December 2, 2012.
44. ^ Elizabeth Aguilera (November 11, 2012). "Momentum growing against human trafficking". U-T San Diego. Retrieved December 2, 2012.
45. ^ David Davis (December 2, 2012). "Watson to visit White House". Cleveland Daily Banner. Retrieved December 2, 2012.
46. ^ a b c "Obama: 'Trayvon Martin could have been me'". CNN. July 19, 2013. Retrieved July 19, 2013.
47. ^ "Obama: 'Trayvon Martin could have been me'". The New York Times. July 19, 2013. Retrieved July 19, 2013.
48. ^ Office of the White House Press Secretary (July 19, 2013). "Remarks by the President on Trayvon Martin". whitehouse.gov. Retrieved July 30, 2013 - via National Archives.
49. ^ "Which Barack Obama speech is the one for the history books?". Washington Post. Retrieved January 14, 2017.
50. ^ Office of the Press Secretary (June 26, 2015). "Remarks by the President in Eulogy for the Honorable Reverend Clementa Pinckney". whitehouse.gov. Charleston, South Carolina. Retrieved August 13, 2015 - via National Archives.
51. ^ "Obama singing amazing grace". Washington post. Retrieved January 31, 2019.
52. ^ "Coldplay pays homage to Obama's rendition of 'Amazing Grace'". MSNBC. November 23, 2015. Retrieved January 31, 2019.
53. ^ "President Obama's full Oval Office address". CNN. December 7, 2015. Archived from the original on December 14, 2015. Retrieved December 14, 2015.
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57. ^ Obama in Hiroshima calls for 'world without nuclear weapons' May 27, 2016 CNN. Retrieved August 3, 2016
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60. ^ Memoli, Michael (July 27, 2016). "Obama portrays Clinton, his former foe and advisor, as uniquely qualified for the White House". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved July 28, 2016.
61. ^ Grunwald, Michael (July 28, 2016). "5 takeaways from Obama's last convention". Politico. Retrieved July 28, 2016.
62. ^ Mathis-Lilley, Ben (July 28, 2016). "Conservatives Find Selves Shocked to Realize They Liked Obama's Speech". Slate. Retrieved July 28, 2016.
63. ^ Collinson, Stephen (July 28, 2016). "Obama to Trump: America is already great". CNN. Retrieved July 28, 2016.
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65. ^ a b "Read the Full Transcript of Obama's H.B.C.U. Commencement Speech". The New York Times. May 16, 2020. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved May 17, 2020.

## Further reading

[edit]

* Baysha, Olga. "Synecdoche that kills: How Barack Obama and Vladimir Putin constructed different Ukraines for different ends." International Communication Gazette 80.3 (2018): 230-249.
* Belisle, Jordan, et al. "Feasibility of contextual behavioral speech analyses of US presidents: Inaugural addresses of Bill Clinton, George W. Bush, Barack Obama, and Donald Trump, 1993–2017." Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science 10 (2018): 14-18.
* Bostdorff, Denise M. "Obama, Trump, and reflections on the rhetoric of political change." Rhetoric & Public Affairs 20.4 (2017): 695-706. online
* Degani, Marta. Framing the rhetoric of a leader: an analysis of Obama's election campaign speeches (Springer, 2015).
* Gleason, Timothy R., and Sara S. Hansen. "Image control: The visual rhetoric of President Obama." Howard Journal of Communications 28.1 (2017): 55-71. online[dead link]
* Hill, Theon E. "Sanitizing the struggle: Barack Obama, Selma, and civil rights memory." Communication Quarterly 65.3 (2017): 354-376. online[dead link]
* Holliday, N. "'My Presiden(t) and Firs(t) Lady Were Black': Style, Context, and Coronal Stop Deletion in the Speech of Barack and Michelle Obama." American Speech: A Quarterly of Linguistic Usage (2017) 92(4), 459-486, https://doi.org/10.1215/00031283-6903954
* Holliday, Nicole, Jason Bishop, and Grace Kuo. "Prosody and political style: The case of Barack Obama and the L+ H* Pitch accent." Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Speech Prosody 2020\. online
* Iversen, Stefan, and Henrik Skov Nielsen. "Invention as intervention in the rhetoric of Barack Obama." Storyworlds: A Journal of Narrative Studies 9.1-2 (2017): 121-142.
* Kurtz, Jeffrey B. "'To Have Your Experience Denied... it Hurts': Barack Obama, James Baldwin, and the Politics of Black Anger." Howard Journal of Communications 28.1 (2017): 93-106.
* Perry, Samuel. "Barack Obama, civil mourning, and prudence in presidential rhetoric." Howard Journal of Communications 28.2 (2017): 160-173 online[dead link].
* St. Onge, Jeffrey. "Neoliberalism as common sense in Barack Obama's health care rhetoric." Rhetoric Society Quarterly 47.4 (2017): 295-312. online[dead link]
* Widiatmika, Putu Wahyu, I. Made Budiarsa, and I. Gde Sadia. "Rhetorical Schemes in Barack Obama's Winning Speech." Humanis 24.4: 394-401. online[permanent dead link]

### Editions

[edit]

* Dionne Jr, E. J., and Joy-Ann Reid, eds. We are the change we seek: The speeches of Barack Obama (Bloomsbury Publishing USA, 2017).
* Easton, Jaclyn, ed. (2008). Inspire a Nation: Barack Obama's Most Electrifying Speeches of the 2008 Election. Publishing 180. ISBN 978-0982100509.
* Emerson, Ralph Waldo; Obama, Barack; Lincoln, Abraham (2009). The Inaugural Address, 2009: Together with Abraham Lincoln's First and Second Inaugural Addresses and the Gettysburg Address and Ralph Waldo Emerson's Self-Reliance. New York: Penguin Books. ISBN 978-0-14-311642-4.
* Olive, David I. (2008). An American Story: The Speeches of Barack Obama: A Primer. Toronto: ECW Press. ISBN 978-1-55022-864-9.
* Rogak, Lisa (2009). Barack Obama in His Own Words. Running Press Miniature Editions. ISBN 978-0-7624-3789-4.
* Ruth, Greg (2009). Our Enduring Spirit: President Barack Obama's First Words to America. London: Collins. ISBN 978-0-06-183455-4.
* Sharpley-Whiting, T. Denean (2009). The Speech: Race and Barack Obama's "A More Perfect Union". Bloomsbury USA. ISBN 978-1-59691-667-8.

## External links

[edit]

* ObamaSpeeches.com
* Speeches in Text, Audio, Video at AmericanRhetoric.com

* v
* t
* e

Barack Obama

* 44th President of the United States (2009–2017)
* U.S. Senator from Illinois (2005–2008)
* Illinois Senator from the 13th district (1997–2004)

| Life and
politics|

* Early life and career
* Illinois Senate career
* 2004 Democratic National Convention
* U.S. Senate career
* Political positions
* Administration foreign policy
* Cannabis
* Mass surveillance
* Social
* Space
* 2009 Nobel Peace Prize
* West Wing Week

|

Presidency
(timeline)|

* Transition
* Inaugurations
* 2009
* 2013
* First 100 days
* Timeline
* 2009
* 2010
* 2011
* 2012
* 2013
* 2014
* 2015
* 2016
* January 2017
* Foreign policy
* Middle East
* Afghanistan withdrawal
* Iraq withdrawal
* Killing of Osama bin Laden
* Benghazi attack
* Return to Iraq
* War in Syria
* Relations with Iran
* Iran nuclear deal
* Pivot to Asia
* Cuban thaw
* Obama Doctrine
* Europe
* Economic policy
* Affordable Care Act
* American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009
* Dodd–Frank Act
* Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act of 2009
* Energy/Environmental
* Lautenberg Chemical Safety Act
* Marine policy
* New Energy for America
* Regulation of greenhouse gases under the Clean Air Act
* Clean Power Plan
* Water Infrastructure Finance and Innovation Act of 2014
* Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act
* New START
* MAP-21st Century Act
* FAST Act
* Pardons
* Presidential trips
* 2009
* 2010
* 2011
* 2012
* 2013
* 2014
* 2015
* 2016–17
* international
* Judicial appointments
* Supreme Court
* Sotomayor
* Kagan
* Garland
* controversies
* Cabinet
* Biden vice presidency
* Presidential Library and Center
* Executive actions
* Executive orders
* Memoranda
* Proclamations
* Trump transition
* Plantation Estate

Books|

* Dreams from My Father (1995)
* The Audacity of Hope (2006)
* Of Thee I Sing (2010)
* A Promised Land (2020)

Speeches|

* "The Audacity of Hope" (2004)
* "Yes We Can" (2008)
* "A More Perfect Union" (2008)
* "Change Has Come to America" (2008)
* "A New Birth of Freedom" (2009)
* Joint session of Congress (2009)
* "A New Beginning" (2009)
* Joint session of Congress (health care reform) (2009)
* State of the Union Address
* 2010
* 2011
* 2012
* 2013
* 2014
* 2015
* 2016
* Tucson memorial speech (2011)
* Joint session of Congress (jobs) (2011)
* "You didn't build that" (2012)
* Selma 50th anniversary (2015)
* Farewell address (2017)

Elections|

| Illinois|

* State Senate
* 1996
* 1998
* 2002
* U.S. House of Representatives
* 2000

|

U.S. Senate|

* 2004

Presidential|

* 2008 campaign
* endorsements
* GOP/conservative support
* staff members
* primaries
* primary campaign
* running mate selection
* convention
* debates
* election
* 2012 campaign
* endorsements
* primaries
* convention
* debates
* election

Family|

* Michelle Obama (wife)
* Ann Dunham (mother)
* Barack Obama Sr. (father)
* Lolo Soetoro (stepfather)
* Maya Soetoro-Ng (maternal half-sister)
* Stanley Armour Dunham (maternal grandfather)
* Madelyn Dunham (maternal grandmother)
* Auma Obama (paternal half-sister)
* Malik Obama (paternal half-brother)
* Marian Robinson (mother-in-law)
* Craig Robinson (brother-in-law)
* Bo (family dog)
* Sunny (family dog)

Public image

News and
political events|

* Oprah Winfrey's endorsement
* Citizenship conspiracy theories
* litigation
* Religion conspiracy theories
* Bill Ayers controversy
* Jeremiah Wright controversy
* Republican and conservative support (2008)
* Assassination threats
* 2008 Denver
* 2008 Tennessee
* First inauguration invitations
* Inaugural Celebration at the Lincoln Memorial
* Citizen's Briefing Book
* Tea Party protests
* New Energy for America
* Gates–Crowley Rose Garden meeting
* Firing of Shirley Sherrod
* Impeachment efforts
* Tan suit controversy

Books about|

* Bibliography
* Obama: From Promise to Power
* Barack Obama: Der schwarze Kennedy
* Redemption Song
* The Case Against Barack Obama
* The Obama Nation
* Culture of Corruption
* Catastrophe
* Barack and Michelle
* The Speech
* The Obama Story
* Between Barack and a Hard Place
* Game Change
* Obama Zombies
* Conservative Victory
* The Bridge
* The Obama Diaries
* The Obama Syndrome
* The Obama Identity
* O: A Presidential Novel
* Where's the Birth Certificate?
* Obama's Last Stand
* Barack Obama: The Story
* Game Change 2012
* Buyer's Remorse
* Rising Star
* Shade
* The World as It Is

Music|

* Obama Girl
* "I Got a Crush... on Obama"
* "Barack the Magic Negro"
* will.i.am
* "Yes We Can"
* "The President Sang Amazing Grace"
* "There's No One as Irish as Barack O'Bama"
* "Sí Se Puede Cambiar"
* "My President"
* "Deadheads for Obama"
* "Air and Simple Gifts"
* Change Is Now
* Hope! – Das Obama Musical
* "Barack Obama vs. Mitt Romney"
* Barack's Dubs
* "Signed, Sealed, Delivered I'm Yours"

Film, TV,
and stage|

* By the People: The Election of Barack Obama (2009)
* Change (2010)
* Obama Anak Menteng (2010)
* 2016: Obama's America (2012)
* The Road We've Traveled (2012)
* Southside with You (2016)
* Hillary and Clinton (2016)
* Barry (2016)
* America's Great Divide (2020)
* We the People (2021)
* Renegades: Born in the USA (2021)
* Obama: In Pursuit of a More Perfect Union (2021)
* The First Lady (2022)
* Picturing the Obamas (2022)

Other media|

* Social media use
* Artists for Obama
* "Hope" poster
* "Joker" poster
* Hair Like Mine
* Situation Room
* Iman Crosson
* The Forgotten Man (2010 painting)
* Saraswati (2013 sculpture)
* President Barack Obama (2018 portrait)
* Official White House portrait (2022)
* Obama logo
* In comics
* Barack Obama's summer playlist

Related|

* Barack Obama Day (Illinois)
* Obama Day (Kenya)
* Awards and honors
* Namesakes
* Higher Ground Productions
* "One Last Time (44 Remix)"
* Sunlight before signing

* ← George W. Bush
* Donald Trump →

* Category

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