Square (cipher)

Block cipher invented by Joan Daemen and Vincent Rijmen

SquareGeneral

Designers| Joan Daemen, Vincent Rijmen
First published| 1997
Successors| AES, CRYPTON, Twofish, Serpent
Cipher detail
Key sizes| 128 bits
Block sizes| 128 bits
Structure| substitution–permutation network
Rounds| 8

In cryptography, Square (sometimes written SQUARE) is a block cipher invented by Joan Daemen and Vincent Rijmen. The design, published in 1997, is a forerunner to Rijndael, which has been adopted as the Advanced Encryption Standard. Square was introduced together with a new form of cryptanalysis discovered by Lars Knudsen, called the "Square attack".

The structure of Square is a substitution–permutation network with eight rounds, operating on 128-bit blocks and using a 128-bit key.

Square is not patented.

## References

[edit]

* Joan Daemen; Lars Knudsen; Vincent Rijmen (1997). The Block Cipher Square. Fast Software Encryption (FSE) 1997, Volume 1267 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Haifa, Israel: Springer-Verlag. pp. 149–165\. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.55.6109.
* SCAN's entry for Square

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Block ciphers (security summary)

Common
algorithms|

* AES
* Blowfish
* DES (internal mechanics, Triple DES)
* Serpent
* SM4
* Twofish

Less common
algorithms|

* ARIA
* Camellia
* CAST-128
* GOST
* IDEA
* LEA
* RC5
* RC6
* SEED
* Skipjack
* TEA
* XTEA

Other
algorithms|

* 3-Way
* Adiantum
* Akelarre
* Anubis
* Ascon
* BaseKing
* BassOmatic
* BATON
* BEAR and LION
* CAST-256
* Chiasmus
* CIKS-1
* CIPHERUNICORN-A
* CIPHERUNICORN-E
* CLEFIA
* CMEA
* Cobra
* COCONUT98
* Crab
* Cryptomeria/C2
* CRYPTON
* CS-Cipher
* DEAL
* DES-X
* DFC
* E2
* FEAL
* FEA-M
* FROG
* G-DES
* Grand Cru
* Hasty Pudding cipher
* Hierocrypt
* ICE
* IDEA NXT
* Intel Cascade Cipher
* Iraqi
* Kalyna
* KASUMI
* KeeLoq
* KHAZAD
* Khufu and Khafre
* KN-Cipher
* Kuznyechik
* Ladder-DES
* LOKI (97, 89/91)
* Lucifer
* M6
* M8
* MacGuffin
* Madryga
* MAGENTA
* MARS
* Mercy
* MESH
* MISTY1
* MMB
* MULTI2
* MultiSwap
* New Data Seal
* NewDES
* Nimbus
* NOEKEON
* NUSH
* PRESENT
* Prince
* Q
* QARMA
* RC2
* REDOC
* Red Pike
* S-1
* SAFER
* SAVILLE
* SC2000
* SHACAL
* SHARK
* Simon
* Speck
* Spectr-H64
* Square
* SXAL/MBAL
* Threefish
* Treyfer
* UES
* xmx
* XXTEA
* Zodiac

Design|

* Feistel network
* Key schedule
* Lai–Massey scheme
* Product cipher
* S-box
* P-box
* SPN
* Confusion and diffusion
* Round
* Avalanche effect
* Block size
* Key size
* Key whitening (Whitening transformation)

Attack
(cryptanalysis)|

* Brute-force (EFF DES cracker)
* MITM
* Biclique attack
* 3-subset MITM attack
* Linear (Piling-up lemma)
* Differential
* Impossible
* Truncated
* Higher-order
* Differential-linear
* Distinguishing (Known-key)
* Integral/Square
* Boomerang
* Mod n
* Related-key
* Slide
* Rotational
* Side-channel
* Timing
* Power-monitoring
* Electromagnetic
* Acoustic
* Differential-fault
* XSL
* Interpolation
* Partitioning
* Rubber-hose
* Black-bag
* Davies
* Rebound
* Weak key
* Tau
* Chi-square
* Time/memory/data tradeoff

Standardization|

* AES process
* CRYPTREC
* NESSIE
* NSA Suite B
* CNSA

Utilization|

* Initialization vector
* Mode of operation
* Padding

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Cryptography

General|

* History of cryptography
* Outline of cryptography
* Classical cipher
* Cryptographic protocol
* Authentication protocol
* Cryptographic primitive
* Cryptanalysis
* Cryptocurrency
* Cryptosystem
* Cryptographic nonce
* Cryptovirology
* Hash function
* Cryptographic hash function
* Key derivation function
* Secure Hash Algorithms
* Digital signature
* Kleptography
* Key (cryptography)
* Key exchange
* Key generator
* Key schedule
* Key stretching
* Keygen
* Machines
* Cryptojacking malware
* Ransomware
* Random number generation
* Cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generator (CSPRNG)
* Pseudorandom noise (PRN)
* Secure channel
* Insecure channel
* Subliminal channel
* Encryption
* Decryption
* End-to-end encryption
* Harvest now, decrypt later
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* Codetext
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* Trusted timestamping
* Key-based routing
* Onion routing
* Garlic routing
* Kademlia
* Mix network

Mathematics|

* Cryptographic hash function
* Block cipher
* Stream cipher
* Symmetric-key algorithm
* Authenticated encryption
* Public-key cryptography
* Quantum key distribution
* Quantum cryptography
* Post-quantum cryptography
* Message authentication code
* Random numbers
* Steganography

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