Stanisław Mackiewicz

Polish writer (1896–1966)

Stanisław Mackiewicz

Stanisław Mackiewicz

Prime Minister of Poland
In exile
8 June 1954 – 21 June 1955
President| August Zaleski
Preceded by| Jerzy Hryniewski
Succeeded by| Hugon Hanke
Member of the Sejm
In office
1928–1935
Personal details
Born| (1896-12-18)18 December 1896
Saint Petersburg, Russia
Died| 18 February 1966(1966-02-18) (aged 69)
Warsaw, Poland
Resting place| Powązki Cemetery, Warsaw
Nationality| Polish
Political party| BBWR
Occupation| Politician, writer

Part of a series on

Conservatism in Poland

Schools

Old Conservatives

* Austrian Partition: Podolacy [pl], Stańczycy [pl]
* Prussian partition: Neoconservatives
* Russian partition: Biali, Realists, Żubry [pl]

New Conservatives

* Endecja
* Chadecja

Ideologies

* Christian democracy
* Civic nationalism
* Golden Liberty
* National Democracy
* National conservatism
* Nationalism
* Christian
* Populism
* Kaczyzm
* Traditionalism

Principles

* Anti-communism
* Catholic social teaching
* Democracy
* Duty
* Familialism
* Germanophobia
* Nobility
* Szlachta
* Patriotism
* Polish culture
* Religious tolerance
* Romanticism
* Christ of Europe
* Winkelriedism [pl]
* Russophilia (Endecja)
* Russophobia (Post-solidarity)
* Solidarity
* Sovereignty
* Tradition

History

* Anti-communist resistance
* Cursed soldiers
* Christ of Europe
* Januszajtis putsch
* Polish Messianism
* National League
* November Uprising
* Romanticism in Poland
* Sarmatism
* Targowica Confederation

Intellectuals

* Balicki
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* Gumplowicz
* Jeske-Choińskis
* Koneczny
* Konopczyński
* Krasiński
* Krasnodębski
* Legutko
* Mackiewicz (Józef)
* Mackiewicz (Stanisław)
* Ossendowski
* Piasecki
* Sienkiewicz
* Szujski
* Tarnowski
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* Rydzyk
* Wielomski

Politicians

* Bobrzyński
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* Buzek
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* Dmowski
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* Grabski
* Gowin
* Hall
* Kaczyński (Lech)
* Kaczyński (Jarosław)
* Jaworski
* Legutko
* Morawiecki
* Popławski
* Rybarski
* Szujski
* Szydło
* Tarczyński
* Wielopolski
* Zamoyski
* Ziobro

Literature

* The Trilogy (1884–1888)
* Quo Vadis (1895–1896)
* The Knights of the Cross (1900)
* The Demon in Democracy (2016)

Parties

Active

* Agreement
* Centre for Poland
* Law and Justice‎
* Piast Faction
* Renewal of the Republic of Poland
* Repair Poland Movement
* Right Wing of the Republic
* Sovereign Poland‎
* There is One Poland

Defunct

* Centre Agreement
* Christian National Union
* Hetmans' Party
* League of Polish Families
* Movement for the Reconstruction of Poland
* Movement for the Republic
* National-Democratic Party
* National Party (modern)
* National Party (interwar)
* Państwowe Zjednoczenie na Kresach
* Poland Comes First
* Poland Together
* Polish Party
* Polish Electoral Society in Silesia
* Popular National Union
* Solidarity Electoral Action
* The Republicans‎

Organisations

* Fighting Solidarity
* Camp of Great Poland
* Conservative-Monarchist Club
* Institute for Legacy of Polish National Thought
* National Union
* Ordo Iuris
* Polish Coalition
* Polish League
* Polish League Against Defamation
* Polish Nobility Association
* United Right

Media

* Do Rzeczy
* Gazeta Polska
* Najwyższy Czas!
* Nasz Dziennik
* Radio Maryja
* Sieci
* Uważam Rze

Related topics

* Fourth Polish Republic
* Politics of Poland
* Liberalism
* March for Life and Family
* Mohair berets
* Sejm cross

* Conservatism portal
* Poland portal

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Stanisław "Cat" Mackiewicz (18 December 1896 in Saint Petersburg, Russia – 18 February 1966 in Warsaw, Poland) was a conservative Polish writer, journalist and monarchist.

The interwar journalist Adolf Maria Bocheński called him the foremost political journalist of the interbellum Second Polish Republic.[1]

## Life

[edit]

Mackiewicz was born into a Polish family that had historically used the Bożawola coat-of-arms.

Bożawola coat of arms

Mackiewicz joined the Polish Military Organisation in 1917 and served as a volunteer in the Polish Army during the Polish-Soviet War of 1919–21. He published and served as the editor-in-chief of the independent Wilno (Vilnius) periodical titled "Słowo," wholly financially supported by the noble families of the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania. He actively promoted the idea of the so-called Jagellonian Poland, i.e., return to the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth style of governance in Eastern Europe.

He supported Józef Piłsudski[2] and in 1928–35 served as a deputy to the Sejm (Poland's parliament), representing the Piłsudskiite Nonpartisan Bloc for Cooperation with the Government.

After Piłsudski's death in 1935, Mackiewicz criticized the ruling elite and in 1939 was imprisoned for 17 days at the Bereza Kartuska detention camp.

On 18 September 1939, a day after the Soviet attack on eastern Poland during the Soviet-German Invasion of Poland, he left Poland.

Following the Yalta Conference and subsequent occupation by Stalin of Poland and the later establishment of the Communist Poland, Mackiewicz, like so many other political exiles, remained abroad and was politically active in the Polish émigré community. He served as prime minister of the Polish government-in-exile in 1954–55.

In 1956, Mackiewicz returned to Poland, where he continued writing under the pseudonym of Gaston de Cerizay.[3] In 1964 he was one of the signatories of the so-called Letter of 34 to Prime Minister Józef Cyrankiewicz regarding freedom of culture.

He was the older brother of ardent enemy of the communist system, writer Józef Mackiewicz.

## Works

[edit]

* Historja Polski od 11 listopada 1918 r. do 17 września 1939 r. (The History of Poland from 11 November 1918 to 17 September 1939), 1941, 1958, 1989, 1990, 1992
* Stanisław August, 1953, 1978, 1991, 1999, 2009
* Muchy chodzą po mózgu (Flies Walk the Brain), 1957
* Zielone oczy (Green Eyes), 1958, 1959, 1987
* Europa in flagranti (Europe in flagranti), 1965, 1975, 2000
* Odeszli w zmierzch: wybór pism, 1916–1966 (They Have Passed into the Twilight: a Collection of Writings, 1916–1966), 1968
* Kto mnie wołał, czego chciał... (Who Called Me, What He Wanted...), Instytut Wydawniczy "Pax" ("Pax" Publishing Institute), 1972
* Był bal (There Was a Ball), 1973
* Herezje i prawdy (Heresies and Truths), 1975
* Klucz do Piłsudskiego (The Key to Piłsudski), 1986, 1992, 1996
* Lata nadziei: 17 września 1939 – 5 lipca 1945 (Years of Hope: 17 September 1939 – 5 July 1945), 1990
* Myśl w obcęgach: studia nad psychologią społeczeństw sowietów (Thinking in a Vise: Studies on the Psychology of Soviet Societies), 1998
* Polityka Becka (Beck's Policies), 2009
* Teraz jestem tutaj. Albo może raczej nigdzie = Now I'm here. Or perhaps, rather, nowhere, edited by Tomasz Wiech and Maciej Zakrzewski. Kraków: IPN, 2014. Photographs taken in London from 1945 to 1956.

## See also

[edit]

* List of Poles

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ Piotr Zychowicz: W obronie Stanisława Augusta at Rzeczpospolita, 22 January 2010.
2. ^ Krzysztof Masłoń: Błazeńska czapka Cata-Mackiewicza Archived 8 June 2011 at the Wayback Machine at Rzeczpospolita, 4 August 2010.
3. ^ Neubauer, John (editor) 2009 The Exile and Return of Writers from East-Central Europe: A Compendium, Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co, Berlin ISBN 978-3-11-021773-5 (p. 177)

Political offices

Preceded by

Jerzy Hryniewski

|  Prime Minister of the Polish Republic in Exile
1954–1955  | Succeeded by

Hugon Hanke

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* Osóbka-Morawski
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