Sufficient similarity

Para-legal concept in the United States

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Part of the 'sufficient similarity' doctrine, from EPA Guidelines for the Health Risk Assessment of Chemical Mixtures

Sufficient similarity is a 20th-century para-legal concept used in the chemical industry for toxicological studies.[1][2] The term was first employed in a restricted sense to assess surrogacy of chemical mixtures by the EPA, and has descended from there into the scientific argot.[2][3]

The concept is somewhat nebulous, and statistics are involved.[4] A group of America researchers in 2018 posed themselves the question how similar must a product be in order to be well-represented by the tested reference sample?[5] Because the concept was derived from the EPA, chemical similarity and biological similarity are equally important.[5] The concept is employed "so that safety data from the tested reference can be applied to untested materials,"[5] because "when toxicity data are not available for a chemical mixture of concern, US EPA guidelines allow risk assessment to be based on data for a surrogate mixture considered “sufficiently similar” in terms of chemical composition and component proportions."[1]

## References

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1. ^ a b Stork, Leanna G.; Gennings, Chris; Carter, Walter H.; Teuschler, Linda K.; Carney, Edward W. (2008). "Empirical evaluation of sufficient similarity in dose—Response for environmental risk assessment of chemical mixtures". Journal of Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Statistics. 13 (3): 313–333\. Bibcode:2008JABES..13..313S. doi:10.1198/108571108X336304. S2CID 120503027.313-333&rft.date=2008&rft_id=https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:120503027#id-name=S2CID&rft_id=info:doi/10.1198/108571108X336304&rft_id=info:bibcode/2008JABES..13..313S&rft.aulast=Stork&rft.aufirst=Leanna+G.&rft.au=Gennings,+Chris&rft.au=Carter,+Walter+H.&rft.au=Teuschler,+Linda+K.&rft.au=Carney,+Edward+W.&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sufficient+similarity" class="Z3988">
2. ^ a b Marshall, Scott; Gennings, Chris; Teuschler, Linda K.; Stork, Leanna G.; Tornero-Velez, Rogelio; Crofton, Kevin M.; Rice, Glenn E. (2013). "An Empirical Approach to Sufficient Similarity: Combining Exposure Data and Mixtures Toxicology Data". Risk Analysis. 33 (9): 1582–1595\. Bibcode:2013RiskA..33.1582M. doi:10.1111/risa.12015. PMC 3776008. PMID 23398277.1582-1595&rft.date=2013&rft_id=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3776008#id-name=PMC&rft_id=info:pmid/23398277&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111/risa.12015&rft_id=info:bibcode/2013RiskA..33.1582M&rft.aulast=Marshall&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.au=Gennings,+Chris&rft.au=Teuschler,+Linda+K.&rft.au=Stork,+Leanna+G.&rft.au=Tornero-Velez,+Rogelio&rft.au=Crofton,+Kevin+M.&rft.au=Rice,+Glenn+E.&rft_id=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3776008&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sufficient+similarity" class="Z3988">
3. ^ EPA (1986), “Guidelines for the Health Risk Assessment of Chemical Mixtures”, Federal Register, 51(185), 34014–34025, Washington, DC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
4. ^ Feder, Paul I.; Ma, Zhenxu J.; Bull, Richard J.; Teuschler, Linda K.; Rice, Glenn (2009). "Evaluating Sufficient Similarity for Drinking-Water Disinfection By-Product (DBP) Mixtures with Bootstrap Hypothesis Test Procedures". Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A. 72 (7): 494–504\. Bibcode:2009JTEHA..72..494F. doi:10.1080/15287390802608981. PMID 19267310. S2CID 23974025.494-504&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080/15287390802608981&rft_id=https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:23974025#id-name=S2CID&rft_id=info:pmid/19267310&rft_id=info:bibcode/2009JTEHA..72..494F&rft.aulast=Feder&rft.aufirst=Paul+I.&rft.au=Ma,+Zhenxu+J.&rft.au=Bull,+Richard+J.&rft.au=Teuschler,+Linda+K.&rft.au=Rice,+Glenn&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sufficient+similarity" class="Z3988">
5. ^ a b c Catlin, Natasha R.; Collins, Bradley J.; Auerbach, Scott S.; Ferguson, Stephen S.; Harnly, James M.; Gennings, Chris; Waidyanatha, Suramya; Rice, Glenn E.; Smith-Roe, Stephanie L.; Witt, Kristine L.; Rider, Cynthia V. (2018). "How similar is similar enough? A sufficient similarity case study with Ginkgo biloba extract". Food and Chemical Toxicology. 118: 328–339\. doi:10.1016/j.fct.2018.05.013. PMC 6979324. PMID 29752982.328-339&rft.date=2018&rft_id=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6979324#id-name=PMC&rft_id=info:pmid/29752982&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016/j.fct.2018.05.013&rft.aulast=Catlin&rft.aufirst=Natasha+R.&rft.au=Collins,+Bradley+J.&rft.au=Auerbach,+Scott+S.&rft.au=Ferguson,+Stephen+S.&rft.au=Harnly,+James+M.&rft.au=Gennings,+Chris&rft.au=Waidyanatha,+Suramya&rft.au=Rice,+Glenn+E.&rft.au=Smith-Roe,+Stephanie+L.&rft.au=Witt,+Kristine+L.&rft.au=Rider,+Cynthia+V.&rft_id=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6979324&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sufficient+similarity" class="Z3988">

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