Sura (alcoholic drink)

Indian alcoholic drink

Sura or Sooraa (Sanskrit and Pāli; Devanāgarī: सुरा) is a strong distilled alcoholic drink originating from the Indian subcontinent. It is referred to as an anaesthetic by Suśruta (a surgeon in India circa 400 BCE). Other ancient medical authorities also mention it; Charaka referred to making a woman with a miscarriage senseless to pain by administering alcoholic drinks like sooraa, sīdhu, ariṣṭa, madhu, madirā or āsava.[1]

## History

[edit]

The method for preparation appears in the Atharvaveda[2] in the Kandas 5 and 8.

In Buddhist texts surāh is mentioned as one of intoxicating drinks, along with (Pali) meraya (Sanskrit maireya, a drink made with sugar cane and several spices[3]) and majja (maybe equivalent of Sanskrit madhu, mead or hydromel), and renunciation of its usage constitutes the 5th of the Buddhist precepts (pañca-sīlāni): "I undertake the training rule to abstain from fermented drinks which cause heedlessness" (Surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṃ samādiyāmi).

## See also

[edit]

* Alcoholic Indian beverages
* Beer in India
* Desi daru
* Indian whisky

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Shri C. DWARAKANATH (1965) Use of opium and cannabis in the traditional systems of medicine in India. UNODC Bulletin on Narcotics. Issue 1, No. 003. "ODC - Bulletin on Narcotics - 1965 Issue 1 - 003". Archived from the original on 2003-08-26. Retrieved 2007-08-20.
2. ^ Marianne S. Oort (2002) Sura in the Paippalada Samhita of the Atharvaveda J. Am. Orient. Soc. Vol. 122, No. 2. JSTOR 3087630.
3. ^ Arthashastra http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00litlinks/kautilya/book02.htm

Portals:

* Liquor
* Drink
* India

* v
* t
* e

Alcohol in India

History|

* Ayurveda
* Madira
* Sura

* History
* History of alcoholic drinks in ancient India
* History of beer in India
* History of whisky in India

* Kasauli Brewery – India's first European-style brewery still in operation:

* Lion beer – Asia'a first beer brand
* Solan No. 1 – India's first malt whisky
* Old Monk – India's most iconic rum

Legal|

* Alcohol laws of India
* Alcohol prohibition in India
* Drink driving laws of India
* Dry Days in India
* Indian-made foreign liquor (IMFL)

Types of alcohol|

* India's indigenous alcoholic drinks
* Arrack
* Desi daru
* Feni
* Toddy
* Sura
* Tharra

* India's non-indigenous alcoholic drinks
* Indian-made foreign liquor (IMFL)
* Indian Beers
* Indian Rum
* Indian whisky
* Indian wine

* Alcohol deadly for drinking
* Cleaning alcohol
* Methyl alcohol

Consumption|

* Statistics
* Consumption of alcohol vs other drinks in India
* Global comparison of Per capital consumption

* Drinking places
* Beer bar
* Dance bar
* Dhaba
* Goa
* Kotha
* Nautch
* Nightclub
* Prostitution
* Pub
* Rave
* Religious use
* Tapri

* Foods
* Bhujia
* Chakhna
* Chaat
* Indian snacks
* Non-veg
* Onion
* Pakora
* Papadam
* Peanut
* South Indian snacks

* Other accompaniments
* Beedi
* Cigarette
* Chewing tobacco
* Gutka
* Indian beverages
* Naswar
* Paan
* Smoking

Issues|

* Alcohol and health
* Addiction
* Alcohol poisoning
* Alcohol poisonings cases
* Substance abuse
* Teetotalism

* Bollywood and historic alcohol deaths
* Daniyal Mirza
* Geeta Dutt
* Guru Dutt
* K. L. Saigal
* Madan Mohan
* Meena Kumari
* Nachhatar Chhatta
* Ranjit Singh
* Savitri
* Shiv Kumar Batalvi
* Vimi

* Crime in India
* Alcoholic poverty
* Domestic violence
* Gambling
* Matka
* Violence against children
* Violence against women

Manufacturers|

* Khoday Group
* Mohan Meakin
* United Breweries Group
* United Spirits
* White Rhino
* Yuksom Breweries

State alcohol marketing corporations|

* Kerala
* Tamil Nadu
* Telangana

See also|

* Agriculture in India
* Ethanol fuel

* v
* t
* e

Alcohol-related topics by country

Countries|

* Afghanistan
* Australia
* Bangladesh
* Indonesia
* Iran
* Malaysia
* New Zealand
* Saudi Arabia
* Somalia
* Sudan
* United Kingdom

Drinking culture|

* Australia
* Korea
* Philippines

Alcoholic drinks|

* Canada
* China
* Sweden

Laws|

| Current|

* Australia
* India
* Prohibition
* Germany
* Alcohol consumption in Russia
* United Kingdom
* United States
* Alcohol consumption by youth
* Alcohol-related traffic crashes
* Drunk driving
* Legal drinking age controversy
* List of alcohol laws in USA
* USA open-container laws
* Beer classification
* Sweden and Finland

|

Historical|

* Canada
* Iceland
* Russia
* United States

Related|

* Alcohol consumption recommendations
* Prohibition
* Drunk driving law by country

* v
* t
* e

Alcoholic beverages

History and production

| History of alcohol|

* History of alcoholic beverages
* History of beer
* History of wine
* History of Bordeaux wine
* History of Champagne
* History of Chianti
* History of Rioja wine
* History of Sherry

|

Production|

* Alcohol industry
* Bathtub gin
* Brewing
* Brewery
* Malting
* Lautering
* Wort
* Yeast
* Distillation
* Drinking establishments
* Fermentation
* Simple syrup
* Yeast in winemaking
* Winemaking
* Yeast in winemaking

Fermented drinks by ingredients

| Fruit|

* Apple
* Cider
* Banana
* Banana beer
* Banana wine
* Bignay
* Bignay wine
* Bokbunja
* Bokbunja-ju
* Grape
* Madeira wine
* Marsala wine
* Mistelle
* Moscatel de Setúbal
* Port wine
* Red wine
* Rosé wine
* Sherry
* Vermouth
* White wine
* Java plum
* Duhat wine
* Longan
* Longan wine
* Lychee
* Lychee wine
* Pear
* Perry
* Pineapple
* Tepache
* Plum
* Plum jerkum
* Pomegranate
* Rimon
* Prickly pear
* Colonche
* Various fruits
* Conditum
* Dubonnet
* Hippocras
* Jabol
* Mulled wine
* Nabidh
* Pruno
* Sangria

|

Cereals|

* Barley
* Barley wine
* Corn
* Mageu
* Pozol
* Tejuino
* Tesgüino
* Millet
* Oshikundu
* Tongba
* Rice
* Agkud
* Amazake
* Apo
* Beopju
* Brem
* Choujiu
* Chuak
* Dansul
* Gwaha-ju
* Hariya
* Makgeolli
* Mijiu
* Mirin
* Pangasi
* Rice wine
* Rượu cần
* Sake
* Sato
* Shaoxing wine
* Sonti
* Tapai
* Tapuy
* Rye
* Kvass
* Sorghum
* Pendhā
* Multiple grains
* Ale
* Ara
* Beer
* Boza
* Huangjiu

Other|

* Agave americana
* Pulque
* Coconut and other palms
* Bahalina
* Palm wine
* Tuak
* Tubâ
* Tuhak
* Tunggang
* Dairy
* Kumis
* Ginger
* Ginger wine
* Galangal
* Byais
* Honey
* Bais
* Byais
* Kabarawan
* Mead
* Sugar
* Kilju
* Sugarcane or molasses
* Basi
* Intus
* Palek
* Tea
* Fermented tea
* Kombucha
* Various starches
* Cauim
* Chicha
* Parakari
* Ibwatu

Liquors by ingredients

| Fruit|

* Apple
* Applejack
* Calvados
* Cashew apple
* Feni
* Cherry
* Kirschwasser
* Dates
* Araqi
* Fig
* Boukha
* Grape
* Arak
* Armagnac
* Brandy
* Cognac
* Pisco
* Zivania
* Juniper
* Gin
* Plum
* Slivovitz
* Țuică
* Pomace
* Chacha
* Grappa
* Marc
* Orujo
* Tsikoudia
* Tsipouro
* Zivania
* Various fruits
* Brandy
* Eau de vie
* Geist
* Himbeergeist
* Marillenschnaps
* Nalewka
* Oghi
* Pálinka
* Rakia
* Schnaps

|

Cereals|

* Barley
* Irish whiskey
* Japanese whisky
* Scotch whisky
* Beer
* Bierbrand
* Buckwheat
* Buckwheat whisky
* Maize
* Bourbon whiskey
* Corn whiskey
* Tennessee whiskey
* Rice
* Awamori
* Cheongju
* Cholai
* Lao-Lao
* Lihing
* Mixiang Baijiu
* Shochu
* Soju
* Sulai
* Rye
* Korn
* Rye whiskey
* Starka
* Sorghum
* Baijiu (Kaoliang liquor)
* Multiple grains
* Ara
* American whiskey
* Baijiu
* Canadian whisky
* Shōchū
* Whisky

Other|

* Agave
* Mezcal
* Tequila
* Coconut and other palms
* Arrack
* Laksoy
* Lambanog
* Sotol
* Dairy
* Arkhi
* Sugarcane or molasses
* Aguardiente
* Cachaça
* Clairin
* Desi daru
* Guaro
* Rum
* Seco Herrerano
* Sulai
* Sura
* Tharra
* Various starches
* Aguardiente
* Akvavit
* Bangla
* Horilka
* Poitín
* Shōchū
* Vodka

Liqueurs and infused distilled drinks by ingredients

* Almond
* Amaretto
* Crème de Noyaux
* Anise
* Absinthe
* Anisado
*         * Anisado Mallorca
* Anisette
* Arak
* Hierbas
*         * Herbs de Majorca
* Mastika
* Ouzo
* Rakı
* Sambuca
* Beer
* Bierlikör
* Blackthorn shrub
* Patxaran
* Cherry
* Cherry Heering
* Maraschino
* Chili peppers
* Pertsivka
* Chocolate
* Chocolate liqueur
* Cinnamon
* Tentura
* Cloudberry
* Lakka
* Coconut
* Malibu
* Coffee
* Kahlúa
* Tia Maria
* Cream
* Cream liqueur
* Irish cream
* Egg
* Advocaat
* Eggnog
* Hazelnut
* Frangelico
* Herbs
* Aquavit
* Bénédictine
* Brennivín
* Crème de menthe
* Metaxa
* Unicum
* Honey
* Bärenjäger
* Drambuie
* Glayva
* Irish Mist
* Krupnik
* Juniper
* Gin
* Jenever
* Mammee apple flower
* Eau créole
* Orange
* Cointreau
* Curaçao
* Grand Marnier
* Triple sec
* Star anise
* Pastis
* Sassolino
* Sugarcane/molasses
* Charanda
* Vanilla
* Licor 43
* Various fruits
* Campari
* Cedratine
* Crème de banane
* Crème de cassis
* Limoncello
* Schnapps
* Sloe gin
* Walnut
* Nocino

* List

* v
* t
* e

Indian drinks

List of Indian drinks

* Aam panna
* Aamras
* Badam milk
* Banta
* Bela Pana
* Bhang
* Buttermilk
* Chaas
* Chuak
* Coconut water
* Falooda
* Gola barf
* Filter coffee
* Irani café
* Jal-jeera
* Jil jil jigarthanda
* Kanji
* Kanjika
* Kesar milk
* Lassi
* Neera
* Nimbu pani
* Mattha
* Moosambi juice
* Sharbat
* Shikanjvi
* Solkadhi
* Sosyo
* Sugarcane juice
* Thandai
* Umbil
* Zutho

Tea|

* Assam tea
* Berinag tea
* Darjeeling tea
* Doodh Pati Chai
* Kangra tea
* Masala chai
* Nilgiri tea

Alcoholic|

* Apo
* Arrack
* Bangla
* Bhang
* Beer

* Cholai
* Chuak
* Desi daru
* Feni
* Handia
* Hariya
* IMFL
* Neera
* Palm wine
* Pendhā
* Sonti
* Sulai
* Sura
* Thaati Kallu
* Tharra
* Indian whisky
* Indian wine

* Category:Indian drinks
* Drink portal
* India portal

* v
* t
* e

Beer and breweries by region

Africa|

* Cape Verde
* Egypt
* Ethiopia
* Kenya
* Morocco
* Nigeria
* South Africa
* Tanzania

Asia|

* Armenia
* Azerbaijan
* China
* Hong Kong
* Tibet
* India
* Indonesia
* Iran
* Israel
* Japan
* Jordan
* Kazakhstan
* Malaysia
* Myanmar
* North Korea
* Pakistan
* Palestine
* Philippines
* Singapore
* South Korea
* Sri Lanka
* Syria
* Taiwan
* Thailand
* Turkey
* Vietnam

Europe|

* Albania
* Austria
* Belarus
* Belgium
* Bosnia
* Bulgaria
* Croatia
* Cyprus
* Czech Republic
* Denmark
* Estonia
* Finland
* France
* Germany
* breweries
* Greece
* Hungary
* Iceland
* Ireland
* Italy
* Luxembourg
* Lithuania
* Moldova
* Netherlands
* Norway
* Poland
* Portugal
* Romania
* Russia
* Serbia
* Slovakia
* Slovenia
* Spain
* Sweden
* Switzerland
* Ukraine
* United Kingdom
* England
* Northern Ireland
* Scotland
* Wales

North America|

* Antigua
* Aruba
* Bahamas
* Barbados
* Belize
* Canada
* Quebec
* Cayman Islands
* Costa Rica
* Cuba
* Dominica
* Dominican Republic
* El Salvador
* Guatemala
* Haiti
* Honduras
* Jamaica
* Mexico
* Nicaragua
* Panama
* Puerto Rico
* Saint Lucia
* St. Vincent
* Trinidad
* United States
* breweries

South America|

* Argentina
* Brazil
* Chile
* Colombia
* Venezuela

Oceania|

* Australia
* Fiji
* New Zealand

* Alcohol preferences in Europe
* List of countries by beer consumption per capita
* List of microbreweries
* Beer portal

* v
* t
* e

Alcohol prohibition

By country|

* Bangladesh
* Canada
* Finland
* Iceland
* India
* Iran
* Russia / Soviet Union
* United States

By topic|

* 18th Amendment (U.S. Constitution)
* 21st Amendment (U.S. Constitution)
* Australian prohibition referendums
* Western Australian, 1925
* New South Wales, 1928
* Western Australian, 1950
* American Mafia
* American Temperance Society
* Anti-Saloon League
* Association Against the Prohibition Amendment
* Bathtub gin
* Blaine Act
* Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives
* Bureau of Prohibition
* Cullen–Harrison Act
* Dry county
* Dry state
* List of dry communities by U.S. state
* Islam
* Jazz Age
* Local option
* Medicinal Liquor Prescriptions Act of 1933
* Molly Pitcher Club
* Moonshine
* Neo-prohibitionism
* Roaring Twenties
* Rum-running
* Rum Patrol
* Rum row
* Sly-grog shop
* Speakeasy
* Swedish prohibition referendum, 1922
* Teetotalism
* Temperance movement
* Temperance (Scotland) Act 1913
* United Kingdom Alliance
* Volstead Act
* Voluntary Committee of Lawyers
* Webb–Kenyon Act
* Wickersham Commission
* Willis–Campbell Act
* Woman's Christian Temperance Union

People|

* Martha Meir Allen
* Harry J. Anslinger
* Thomas Holliday Barker
* Lyman Beecher
* Al Capone
* Mickey Duffy
* Waxey Gordon
* Texas Guinan
* Frank Hamer
* William Harvey
* J. Edgar Hoover
* Clinton N. Howard
* Bumpy Johnson
* Enoch L. Johnson
* Norman Kerr
* Meyer Lansky
* Frederic Richard Lees
* Lucky Luciano
* Sam Maceo
* Owney Madden
* Joseph Malins
* William McCoy
* J. Howard Moore
* Bugs Moran
* Carrie Nation
* Eliot Ness
* Roy Olmstead
* The LaMontages brothers
* Lanzetta Brothers
* The Purple Gang
* George Remus
* Arnold Rothstein
* Howard Hyde Russell
* Dutch Schultz
* Eliza Thompson
* William Harvey Thompson
* Andrew Volstead
* Wayne Wheeler
* Frances Willard
* Izzy Einstein and Moe Smith

Political parties|

* National Prohibition Party (UK)
* Prohibition Party (USA)
* Scottish Prohibition Party

Related|

* Prohibition (2011 documentary miniseries)

* v
* t
* e

Whisky

Whisky types|

* Malt whisky
* Single malt
* Blended malt
* Grain whisky
* Buckwheat
* Corn
* Rye
* Rye malt
* Wheat

* Liquor portal

Other designations|

* Blended
* Bottled in bond
* Single barrel
* Small batch
* Straight

Whisky by region|

* American
* Bourbon
* Tennessee
* Australian
* Canadian
* English
* Finnish
* French
* German
* Indian
* Irish
* Single pot still
* Japanese
* Scotch
* Taiwanese
* Welsh

Whisky production|

* Cask strength
* Chill filtering
* Finishing
* Independent bottler
* Lincoln County Process
* Mash
* Sour mash
* Master blender
* Spirit safe
* Whiskey thief

Whisky tourism|

* American Whiskey Trail
* Kentucky Bourbon Trail
* Scotch Whisky Experience
* Scotland's Malt Whisky Trail

See also|

* Cranachan
* Glencairn whisky glass
* List of cocktails
* List of whisky brands
* Moonshine
* Poitín
* Skalk
* Uisce beatha
* Viscimetry
* Whisky tasting
* Whisky with food

This distilled beverage–related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

|

* v
* t
* e

*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template