Surakarta metropolitan area

Metropolitan area in Indonesia

Place in Central Java, Indonesia

Surakarta metropolitan area

Solo Raya

Regional transcription(s)
• Javanese| ꦱꦺꦴꦭꦺꦴꦫꦪ

Tugu Pemandengan Surakarta

Sukoharjo Regency

Agriculture at Mount Merapi

Landscape in Tawangmangu-Plaosan

Candi Plaosan Lor

General Attack Monument 4 Days Surakarta

7°34′0″S 110°49′0″E﻿ / ﻿7.56667°S 110.81667°E﻿ / -7.56667; 110.81667

Country|  Indonesia
Province|  Central Java
Core city| Surakarta
Regencies| Sukoharjo Regency
Karanganyar Regency
Area

• Metro

| 1,343.30 km2 (518.65 sq mi)
Population

(mid 2021 estimate)

• Metro

| 2,414,666
• Metro density| 1,800/km2 (4,700/sq mi)
Time zone| UTC+7 (Indonesia Western Time)
GDP metro| 2023[1]
\- Total| Rp 154.211 trillion
US$ 10.117 billion
US$ 32.402 billion (PPP)
\- Per capita| Rp 63.864 million
US$ 4,190
US$ 13,419 (PPP)

The Surakarta metropolitan area or known locally as (Javanese: ꦱꦺꦴꦭꦺꦴꦫꦪ, romanized: Solo Raya) or Greater Solo is one of the metropolitan areas in Indonesia where the former Kerasidenan of Surakarta (Javanese: ꦏꦫꦺꦱꦶꦝꦺꦤꦤ꧀ꦱꦸꦫꦏꦂꦠ, romanized: Karésidhènan Surakarta) and the Special Region of Surakarta were established. This area includes the city of Surakarta and its buffer areas such as Sukoharjo Regency, Karanganyar Regency.

## History

[edit]

### Kingdom Period

[edit]

Main articles: Geger Pacinan and Treaty of Giyanti

The establishment of Surakarta began with the Geger Pacinan event in Batavia in the 1740s. The rebel prince assisted by ethnic Chinese attacked the Mataram Kartasura palace, causing the palace to be destroyed. Mataram, which was then led by Susuhunan Pakubuwono II, had to move the palace to another place. He chose Sala village to be used as the new government place.[citation needed]

### Netherlands Colonial Period

[edit]

Surakarta was formed from the combination of the Kasunanan and Mangkunagaran areas. The area includes the core area of Surakarta namely: Kawedanan Kasunanan, Kawedanan Kartasura, Kawedanan Larangan, Kawedanan Bekonang (Now part of Municipality of Surakarta & Sukoharjo Regency ), Karanganyar Regency including Banjarsari Solo sub-district, Sukowati Regency (now Sragen), Wonogiri Regency, Klaten Regency, Boyolali Regency. Surakarta and Mangkunagara were also included in the vorstenlanden, an autonomous region Netherlands East Indies where this region had the right to govern its own household.[citation needed]

### Present

[edit]

Central Java Regional Regulation No. 6 of 2010 concerning spatial and regional development plans for 2009–2039, stipulates Solo Raya (Subosukawonosraten) as a development development area, with a development function as a Local, Provincial, National and International Service Center.[2]

## Geography

[edit]

Solo is in the central part of Java, within province of Central Java near Special Region of Yogyakarta.

## Economy

[edit]

The economy of Solo raya agriculture commonly in Klaten Regency and Bantul Regency. However, urban activities such as higher education, trade, tourism, art and handicraft industries are sharply increase with focus on the city of Surakarta.[citation needed]

## Transportation

[edit]

The map of Public Transport Map of Surakarta as per 2023.

Solo is served by Adisumarmo Airport. There are two main railway stations: Solo Balapan railway station and Solo Jebres railway station.[citation needed]

Solo is considered one of the major hubs that link the west–east main railway route in Java island. Solo Balapan Station is the main train station located in the center, and Selo Jebres Station is the second train station in the city. The two stations have their own schedule to and from other cities on Java island. The KAI Commuter Yogyakarta Line electric commuter rail system operates from Yogyakarta to Surakarta.[citation needed]

Since 2010, the government of Central Java launched a bus rapid transit system, the Batik Solo Trans, which connects places in and around Solo Raya, including the airport and Kartasyra Bus Terminal.[citation needed]

## Government and politics

[edit]

Population density of Java and Madura by subdistrict as of 2022, with major urban areas shown

Solo raya is administered by one city government (city of Surakarta), and two regency governments such as.

Name  | Capital  | Area (km2)  | Population

2000 Census

| Population

2010 Census

| Population

2020 Census

| Population

2023 Estimate [3]

| HDI[4] 2023

|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Surakarta City  | Surakarta City  | 46.72  | 489,900  | 499,337  | 522,364  | 526,870  | 0.835 (Very High)
Sukoharjo Regency | Sukoharjo | 493.53  | 780,949  | 824,238  | 907,587  | 932,680  | 0.787 (High)
Karanganyar Regency | Karanganyar | 803.05  | 761,988  | 813,196  | 931,963  | 955,116  | 0.773 (High)
Total | 1,343.30  | 2,032,837  | 2,136,771  | 2,361,914  | 2,414,666  | 0.792 (High)

The joint secretariate is organized into three management layers. The first layer consist of political executives representation from the city and both regencies. The second layer consist of group senior administrative officers from the city and both regencies. The third layer consists of technical officers. The joint secretariat also intended on managing infrastructure at cross-regional borders, which are (1) road infrastructure, (2) waste management, (3) transportation, (4) clean (drinking) water, (5) drainage and sewerage, and (6) spatial planning.[5]

## See also

[edit]

* List of metropolitan areas in Indonesia
* Jakarta metropolitan area
* Surabaya metropolitan area
* Bandung metropolitan area
* Padang metropolitan area

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Gross Regional Domestic Product of Regencies/Municipalities in Indonesia 2019-2023. Jakarta: Badan Pusat Statistik. 2024.
2. ^ "Perda Jawa Tengah nomor 6 tahun 2010". jatengprov.go.id (in Indonesian). 21 July 2010. p. 1. Retrieved 12 November 2022.
3. ^ Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2023.
4. ^ "Indeks Pembangunan Manusia 2023" (in Indonesian). Statistics Indonesia. 2024. Retrieved 20 May 2024.
5. ^ Wardani, Laksmi Tungga Dewi Jaya Wisnu (2019). Value capturing for regional road development : a responsive institutional design approach for Indonesia. Johan Woltjer, Jos Arts. [Groningen]. ISBN 978-94-034-1294-8. OCLC 1082257115.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

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