Surama

Amerindian village in Upper Takutu-Upper Essequibo, Guyana

Surama

Amerindian village

Surama

Location in Guyana

Coordinates: 4°8′13″N 59°4′6″W﻿ / ﻿4.13694°N 59.06833°W﻿ / 4.13694; -59.06833[1]
Country|  Guyana
Region| Upper Takutu-Upper Essequibo
Founded| 1974
Founded by| Fred and Theo Allicock[2]
Government

• Senior Councilor| Michael Allicock (2012)[2]
Area

[2]

• Total| 10 km2 (5 sq mi)
Population

(2012)[3]

• Total| 274
• Density| 21/km2 (55/sq mi)

Surama is an Amerindian village in the North Rupununi area and the Upper Takutu-Upper Essequibo Region of Guyana, with a population of 274 people as of 2012.[3]

The village is primarily inhabited by Makushi people.[4][5][6]

## History[edit]

The area of land in which Surama is located has been inhabited sporadically for many years. An established cattle-trail ran through the area in the early twentieth century, and Surama was an important stopping-point on that trail. As the cattle-trail dwindled, however, so did the number of inhabitants in the area, and by the 1970s Surama was completely deserted. The modern village of Surama was founded in the 1974[2] by two brothers, Fred and Theo Allicock.[7]

### Eco-Tourism[edit]

Surama Eco-Lodge (2009)

Following the construction of the Linden-Lethem road in the mid to late 1970s, Surama and surrounding areas became more accessible to the general public. In 1996, Surama received its first tourists, and the money they gave the community to pay for their stay funded the construction of Surama's first guest-lodge. Since that time the village has become a leader in community-based, eco-tourism in Guyana.[7] In 2011, Surama Eco-Lodge was listed by the National Geographic as one of the "best hotels in Colombia, Guyana and Venezuela"; and in the same year it was the joint winner of the Caribbean Tourism Organisation Excellence in Sustainable Tourism Award, along with Harrison's Cave in Barbados.[8][9]

## Description and Location[edit]

Surama village extends across 12.95 squared kilometres (5 square miles) of land, and is located in a valley on the border of the Guyanese rainforest and the North Rupununi savannahs. It is bounded by Iwokrama Forest protected area, the Burro-Burro River, and the Pacaraima Mountains. Surama Mountain lies to the East of the village.[7]

## Economy[edit]

Up until the mid-1990s, Surama's economy relied primarily on subsistence agriculture, with a minority of male villagers taking paid jobs as loggers or gold-miners in the North-West region of Guyana or across the border in Brazil.[7] Following the increasing success with eco-tourism, however, Surama Eco-Tourism now provides approximately 60% of Surama's income, with 75% of households deriving income from the tourist trade.[10]

## References[edit]

1. ^ Guyana and the Guianas (Map) (2nd ed.). 1,200,000. Vancouver: ITMB:International Travel Maps. 2004. ISBN 978-1553412373.
2. ^ a b c d "Surama". Ministry of Indigenous Peoples’ Affairs. Retrieved 18 August 2020.
3. ^ a b "2012 Population by Village". Statistics Guyana. Retrieved 16 August 2020.
4. ^ Smock, Kirk (2009). Guyana: The Bradt Travel Guide. UK: Bradt Travel Guides. pp. 234. ISBN 9781841622231. "surama guyana."
5. ^ Hammond, Richard (21 April 2007). "Clean break: Surama Village, Guyana". The Guardian. Retrieved 24 August 2012.
6. ^ Barrell, Sarak (24 September 2005). "Guyana's Rainforest: Rumble in the Jungle". The Independent. Archived from the original on 2022-05-25. Retrieved 24 August 2012.
7. ^ a b c d Laughlin, Nicholas (September–October 2006). "Great Beyond: Guyana's Rupununi". Caribbean Beat. 81.
8. ^ Anon. "Best Hotels in Colombia, Guyana and Venezuela". National Geographic Official Website. National Geographic. Archived from the original on March 14, 2011. Retrieved 25 August 2012.
9. ^ Stabroek Staff (12 April 2011). "Surama Lodge gets ecotourism kudos from CTO". Stabroek News. Retrieved 25 August 2012.
10. ^ Marks, Neil (10 October 2010). "Visionary Amerindian Leader, Sydney Allicock, is a 'Special Person'". Kaieteur News. Retrieved 25 August 2012.

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Settlements in Guyana

For the definition of city, town, etc see Settlements in Guyana.

Cities|

* Georgetown (neighborhoods: Cummingsburg, Kingston, Sophia, Stabroek, Werk-en-rust)

Towns|

* Anna Regina
* Bartica
* Corriverton
* Lethem
* Linden
* Mabaruma
* Mahdia
* New Amsterdam
* Rose Hall

Villages|

* Achiwib
* Adventure
* Agatash
* Aishalton
* Albion
* Annai
* Annandale, Demerara-Mahaica
* Annandale, Pomeroon-Supenaam
* Apoteri
* Aranaputa
* Assakata
* Awarewaunau
* Baracara
* Baramita
* Belfield
* Belladrum
* Beterverwagting
* Better Hope
* Burma
* Buxton
* Campbelltown
* Cane Grove
* Capoey
* Charity
* Clonbrook
* Cove and John
* Crabwood Creek
* Den Amstel
* Enmore
* Enterprise
* Esau and Jacob
* Fort Island
* Fort Wellington
* Goed Fortuin
* Hackney
* Hampton Court
* Helena
* Hiawa
* Hogg Island
* Hosororo
* Hyde Park
* Imbaimadai
* Isseneru
* Issano
* Ituni
* Jacklow
* Jonestown
* Kabakaburi
* Kamarang
* Kamwatta Hill
* Kanashen
* Karasabai
* Karaudarnau
* Kartabo
* Kasuela
* Kato
* Katoonarib
* Koriabo
* Kuru Kururu
* Kurupukari
* Kurupung
* Kwakwani
* Kwebanna
* Leonora
* Lima Sands
* Lusignan
* Mahaica
* Mahaicony
* Maruranau
* Matthews Ridge
* Met-en-Meerzorg
* Micobie
* Moleson Creek
* Monkey Mountain
* Moraikobai
* Morawhanna
* Nabaclis
* Nappi
* Nonpareil
* Onderneeming
* Orealla
* Paradise
* Paramakatoi
* Parika
* Pickersgill
* Plaisance
* Port Kaituma
* Port Mourant
* Providence
* Queenstown
* Rewa
* Rockstone
* Rosignol
* Sand Creek
* Santa Mission
* Santa Rosa
* Sawariwau
* Saxacalli
* Skeldon
* Soesdyke
* Spring Garden
* St. Cuthbert's Mission
* St. Ignatius
* St. Monica Karawab
* Stewartville
* Suddie
* Supenaam
* Surama
* Timehri
* Toka
* Triumph
* Tumatumari
* Tuschen
* Uitvlugt
* Unity
* Victoria
* Vreed en Hoop
* Vriesland
* Wakapau
* Weldaad
* Whitewater
* Windsor Forest
* Wowetta
* Yupukari
* Zeeburg
* Zeelandia

Communities|

* Abary
* Arakaka
* Bush Lot
* El Paso
* Governor Light
* Karinambo
* Kumaka, Barima-Waini
* Kumaka, East Berbice-Corentyne
* Long Creek
* Mora Point
* Noitgedacht
* Orinduik
* Princeville
* Silver Hill
* Tumatumari Landing

Estates|

* Catherinas Lust
* Dadanawa Ranch
* Wichabai

Missions|

* Bethany Village
* Paruima

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