Swazian

Geologic stage of southern Africa, 4-3 or 3.5-2.8 Ga

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The Swazian is a poorly defined geological stage in South Africa extending from about four to three billion years ago,[1] encompassing some of the Hadean and much of the Archean on the Geologic time scale. Other scales[2] assign the Swazian to parts of the Paleoarchean and Mesoarchean, 3.5 to 2.8 billion years ago. The Swazian is not recognized by the International Commission on Stratigraphy nor by the Geological Society of America, the two most widely accepted developers of international geologic time scales.

## References

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1. ^ [1]
2. ^ [2]

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Geology of South Africa

Geological formations

* List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in South Africa

| Palaeoarchaean|

* Bushveld Igneous Complex
* Fig Tree Formation
* Komatii Formation
* Moodies Group
* Onverwacht Group
* Transvaal Supergroup

|

Paleozoic|

* Carboniferous
* Dwyka Group
* Ganigobis Formation
* Devonian
* Bokkeveld Group
* Table Mountain Sandstone
* Permian
* Abrahamskraal Formation
* Balfour Formation
* Dwyka Group
* Ganigobis Formation
* Teekloof Formation
* Whitehill Formation
* Ordovician
* Soom Shale

Mesozoic|

* Cretaceous
* Uitenhage Group
* Buffelskloof Formation
* Enon Formation
* Kirkwood Formation
* Sundays River Formation
* Kalahari Deposits

* Jurassic
* Drakensberg Group
* Enon Formation
* Uitenhage Group
* Karoo Supergroup
* Beaufort Group
* Abrahamskraal Formation
* Balfour Formation
* Katberg Formation
* Middleton Formation
* Teekloof Formation
* Dwyka Group
* Ecca Group
* Whitehill Formation
* Stormberg Group
* Bushveld Sandstone
* Clarens Formation
* Elliot Formation
* Triassic
* Elliot Formation
* Katberg Formation
* Molteno Formation
* Normandien Formation

Cenozoic|

* Algoa Group

‎Tectonics and orogeny

* Algoa Basin
* Cape Fold Belt
* Ellisras Basin
* Gondwanide orogeny
* Kaapvaal Craton
* Kalahari Craton
* Makhonjwa Mountains
* Tectonic evolution of the Barberton greenstone belt
* Terra Australis Orogen
* Transvaal Basin
* Witteberg
* Witwatersrand Basin

| Volcanism|

* List of volcanoes in South Africa
* Pilanesberg
* Pilanesberg Game Reserve
* Prince Edward Islands
* Diatremes
* Big Hole
* Finsch diamond mine
* Jagersfontein Mine
* Koffiefontein mine
* Barberton Greenstone Belt
* Drakensberg
* Karoo-Ferrar

|

Earthquakes|

* 1620 Robben Island earthquake
* 1969 Tulbagh earthquake
* 2006 Mozambique earthquake
* 2014 Orkney earthquake

Impact craters|

* Kalkkop crater
* Morokweng impact structure
* Tswaing crater
* Vredefort impact structure

Meteorites|

* Bellsbank meteorite

‎Mineral deposits

* Kimberlite
* Merensky Reef
* Witwatersrand
* Banket (mining term)

* Coal in South Africa
* Iron ore in Africa
* Platinum in Africa
* Titanium in Africa
* Uranium in Africa

* Minerals Council South Africa
* Department of Mineral Resources (South Africa)
* Department of Mineral Resources and Energy

Paleontology‎

* List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in South Africa
* Archean life in the Barberton Greenstone Belt
* Waterloo Farm lagerstätte

| Ordovician|

* Notiodella
* Onychopterella
* Promissum
* Soomaspis

|

Devonian|

* Africanaspis
* Antarctilamna
* Bainella
* Deltacephalaspis
* Diplacanthus
* Gondwanascorpio
* Priscomyzon
* Serenichthys
* Tutusius
* Umzantsia

Carboniferous|

* Dadoxylon
* Lepidodendron

Permian|

* Abdalodon
* Alopecognathus
* Anomocephalus
* Basilodon
* Bulbasaurus
* Charassognathus
* Cistecephaloides
* Crapartinella
* Cynosaurus
* Dicynodontoides
* Diictodon
* Dinanomodon
* Dinogorgon
* Dwykaselachus
* Endothiodon
* Eunotosaurus
* Galechirus
* Glanosuchus
* Glossopteris
* Hofmeyria
* Ictidognathus
* Ictidosuchoides
* Lepidodendron
* Lycosuchus
* Mesosaurus
* Moschops
* Odontocyclops
* Procynosuchus
* Scylacosaurus
* Scymnosaurus
* Simorhinella
* Stereosternum
* Theriognathus
* Thliptosaurus
* Trochosaurus
* Youngina

Beaufort Group|

* Aelurosaurus
* Anomocephalus
* Basilodon
* Blattoidealestes
* Brachyprosopus
* Broomistega
* Cistecephaloides
* Choerosaurus
* Clelandina
* Colobodectes
* Compsodon
* Cryptocynodon
* Cynariognathus
* Cynosaurus
* Diictodon
* Dinanomodon
* Eodicynodon
* Eohyosaurus
* Emyduranus
* Euchambersia
* Homodontosaurus
* Icticephalus
* Ictidochampsa
* Ictidodon
* Ictidodraco
* Ictidostoma
* Lanthanostegus
* Leontosaurus
* Lepidodendron
* Lycideops
* Macroscelesaurus
* Moschorhinus
* Paliguana
* Pelictosuchus
* Polycynodon
* Pristerodon
* Pristerognathoides
* Pristerognathus
* Procolophon
* Promoschorhynchus
* Scalopocephalus
* Silpholestes
* Tamboeria
* Uranocentrodon

| Assemblages|

* Cistecephalus Assemblage Zone
* Daptocephalus Assemblage Zone
* Eodicynodon Assemblage Zone
* Pristerognathus Assemblage Zone
* Tapinocephalus Assemblage Zone
* Tropidostoma Assemblage Zone

|

Triassic|

* Batrachosuchus
* Blikanasaurus
* Bolotridon
* Cynognathus
* Diademodon
* Dinanomodon
* Elliotherium
* Ericiolacerta
* Erythrosuchus
* Erythrotherium
* Eucnemesaurus
* Euskelosaurus
* Galesaurus
* Howesia
* Ictidosuchoides
* Kannemeyeria
* Lepidodendron
* Lydekkerina
* Lystrosaurus
* Melanorosaurus
* Mesosuchus
* Microgomphodon
* Micropholis
* Myosaurus
* Noteosuchus
* Olivierosuchus
* Orosaurus
* Pentasaurus
* Plateosauravus
* Platycraniellus
* Procolophon
* Progalesaurus
* Prolacerta
* Proterosuchus
* Ptychoceratodus
* Regisaurus
* Scaloposaurus
* Scymnosaurus
* Shansiodon
* Tetracynodon
* Thrinaxodon
* Trirachodon
* Ufudocyclops
* Zorillodontops

| Assemblages|

* Cynognathus Assemblage Zone
* Lystrosaurus Assemblage Zone

|

Jurassic|

* Aardonyx
* Abrictosaurus
* Antetonitrus
* Arcusaurus
* Coelophysis
* Coelophysis rhodesiensis
* Dracovenator
* Eocursor
* Erythrotherium
* Fabrosaurus
* Geranosaurus
* Gigantoscelus
* Gryponyx
* Gyposaurus
* Heterodontosaurus
* Ledumahadi
* Lesothosaurus
* Litargosuchus
* Lycorhinus
* Massospondylus
* Ngwevu
* Pegomastax
* Ptychoceratodus
* Pulanesaura
* Sefapanosaurus
* Sphenosuchus
* Tritheledon

Cretaceous|

* Acanthohoplites
* Algoasaurus
* Baculites
* Kangnasaurus
* Macroscaphites
* Nqwebasaurus
* Paranthodon
* Ptychoceratodus

Paleogene|

* Nummulite

Neogene|

* Africanacetus
* Nummulite

Pleistocene|

* Boskop Man
* Homo naledi
* Panthera shawi
* Vulpes skinneri

Other|

* Cradle of Humankind
* Planolites
* Scylacorhinus
* West Coast Fossil Park
* Waterloo Farm lagerstätte

Research and administration‎

* Council for Geoscience
* Evolutionary Studies Institute
* Geological Commission of the Cape of Good Hope
* Geological Society of South Africa

| Geologists|

* Hans Merensky

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Paleontologists|

* Andrew Geddes Bain
* Lieuwe Dirk Boonstra
* Charles Kimberlin Brain
* Robert Broom
* Alfred Brown
* Anusuya Chinsamy-Turan
* H. Basil S. Cooke
* Alfred W. Crompton
* Daniel Rossouw Kannemeyer
* Andre Keyser
* James Kitching
* John Talbot Robinson
* George William Stow
* Eduard Meine van Zinderen-Bakker

Regional articles

* Geology of Cape Town

Other

* Pothole (geology)
* Steep structure
* Swazian

* Geology portal
* South Africa portal
* Category
*   * Glossary

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