Szczawno-Zdrój

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
Find sources: "Szczawno-Zdrój" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (January 2021) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

|

Place in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, Poland

Szczawno-Zdrój

Szczawno-Zdrój

Flag

Coat of arms

Szczawno-Zdrój

Show map of Poland

Szczawno-Zdrój

Show map of Lower Silesian Voivodeship

Coordinates: 50°47′58″N 16°15′18″E﻿ / ﻿50.79944°N 16.25500°E﻿ / 50.79944; 16.25500
Country|  Poland
Voivodeship|  Lower Silesian
County| Wałbrzych
Gmina| Szczawno-Zdrój (urban gmina)
Town rights| 1945
Area

• Total| 14.74 km2 (5.69 sq mi)
Highest elevation

| 430 m (1,410 ft)
Lowest elevation

| 400 m (1,300 ft)
Population

(2019-06-30[1])

• Total| 5,608
• Density| 380/km2 (990/sq mi)
Time zone| UTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)| UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code|

58-310

Area code| (+48) 74
Vehicle registration| DBA
Website| http://www.szczawno-zdroj.pl

Szczawno-Zdrój [ˈʂt͡ʂavnɔ ˈzdrui̯] (German: Bad Salzbrunn, until 1935 Ober Salzbrunn) is a spa town in Wałbrzych County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland.

## Geography[edit]

The town in the historic Lower Silesia region is situated north of the Central Sudetes mountains, approximately 3 kilometres (2 mi) north-west of Wałbrzych and 66 kilometres (41 mi) south-west of the regional capital Wrocław.

Szczawno-Zdrój borders the city of Wałbrzych to the east and the town of Boguszów-Gorce to the south.

As of 2019, the town has a population of 5,608.

## History[edit]

The area was settled in the course of the clearing of the former Silesian Przesieka borderland. A place called Salzborn was first mentioned in a 1221 deed, from the 14th century two settlements, Nieder ("Lower") and Ober ("Upper") Salzbrunn are documented. The parish church and a hospital at Nieder Salzbrunn were probably established by the Piast duke Henry I the Bearded after 1200, benefitting from the healing spring at Ober Salzbrunn first mentioned in 1385. As a result of the fragmentation of Poland into smaller duchies, it was part of the Duchy of Silesia and later the Duchy of Jawor. Together with the Silesian Duchy of Jawor-Świdnica it fell to the Bohemian Crown after the death of Duke Bolko II the Small in 1368, held by his widow Agnes of Habsburg until 1392.

Ruled by Bohemian governors residing at Książ (Fürstenstein) Castle, the area was devastated during the Thirty Years' War. It was annexed by the Prussian king Frederick the Great after the First Silesian War in 1742. In 1807, during the Napoleonic Wars, the Battle of Struga took place nearby, in which the Poles defeated a much larger Prussian army.

The Zdrojowy Theater hosts the annual International Wieniawski Festival[2]

Since the 19th century the spa was very popular among the Polish cultural elite. Among its guests were poets Zygmunt Krasiński, Teofil Lenartowicz, Lucjan Siemieński and Narcyza Żmichowska, composer and virtuoso violinist Karol Lipiński, philosopher August Cieszkowski and the inventor of Esperanto L. L. Zamenhof. In 1855 and 1857, one of the greatest Polish violinists Henryk Wieniawski visited the spa and played concerts here.[3] From 1966, the city hosts the annual International Wieniawski Festival.[3] Among famous guests of other nationalities were King Constantine I of Greece and British politician Winston Churchill. In 1896 a new Spa Theater was built, after World War II named after Henryk Wieniawski.[2]

In 1935 Ober Salzbrunn was officially acknowledged as a spa town and renamed Bad Salzbrunn.

At the end of World War II, the town was occupied by Red Army forces in the course of the Vistula–Oder Offensive. It became part of the Republic of Poland after the territorial changes after World War 2; subsequently, its German population was expelled. In 1945 Szczawno-Zdrój was granted town rights.

## Notable people[edit]

* Gerhart Hauptmann (1862–1946), playwright and writer, Nobel laureate in literature for the year 1912
* Clytus Gottwald (1925–2023), composer, conductor, and musicologist

## Surroundings[edit]

* Historical city of Kłodzko with its houses from 15th and 16th century
* Gola Dzierżoniowska Castle
* Medieval town of Niemcza
* Cistercian monastery at Henryków
* Wojsławice Arboretum

## Gallery[edit]

* Kościuszki Street

* Spa house rebuilt in 1968-1974

* Town Hall

* A monument commemorating the Battle of Struga of 1807

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Szczawno-Zdrój.

## References[edit]

1. ^ "Population. Size and structure and vital statistics in Poland by territorial division in 2019. As of 30th June". stat.gov.pl. Statistics Poland. 2019-10-15. Retrieved 2020-02-14.
2. ^ a b "Teatr Zdrojowy im. Henryka Wieniawskiego w Szczawnie-Zdroju". Teatr Zdrojowy (in Polish). Retrieved August 23, 2019.
3. ^ a b "Festiwal Henryka Wieniawskiego". Teatr Zdrojowy (in Polish). Retrieved August 23, 2019.

* v
* t
* e

Gminas of Wałbrzych County

Seat: Wałbrzych

Urban gminas|

* Boguszów-Gorce
* Jedlina-Zdrój
* Szczawno-Zdrój

Urban-rural gminas|

* Gmina Głuszyca
* Gmina Mieroszów

Rural gminas|

* Gmina Czarny Bór
* Gmina Stare Bogaczowice
* Gmina Walim

Authority control databases

International|

* VIAF

National|

* Germany
* Israel
* United States
* Czech Republic

Geographic|

* MusicBrainz area

*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template