Technological supremacy

Technological supremacy is the notion of supremacy in the field of technology in either a regional[1] or global international relations context,[2] as well as in subfields, such as military-technological supremacy,[3] including air supremacy. The notion of one or more powers enjoying technological supremacy is ancient; the term 'technological supremacy' dates back to the 1950s.[4] It is normally understood to be wielded by a superpower, such as the United States, originally in competition with the Soviet Union[4][5] and now with China.[3][6][7] Fields in which technological supremacy is being contested include artificial intelligence;[8] wireless technology;[9] and batteries, especially lithium batteries.[10][11]

Specifically, China is developing its Little Giants program to rival Silicon Valley, its Made in China 2025 program, a new infrastructure program, its Xinchuang Plan for alternative innovation, its digital currency plan, and its science parks plan.[12] The development and maintenance of technological supremacy is associated with the promotion of technological companies and, in the military field, the relation between technological companies and the military in a country's military-technological complex,[13] including Chinese-style 'military-civil fusion'.[14]

The quest for technological supremacy is frequently depicted in science fiction, such as in Ready Player One.[15]

## See also

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* Existential risk from artificial general intelligence
* Gunboat diplomacy
* Military-industrial complex
* Offset strategy
* Technological utopianism

## References

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1. ^ Moldicz, Csaba (July 7, 2021). China, the USA and Technological Supremacy in Europe. London: Routledge. doi:10.4324/9781003128625. ISBN 978-1-003-12862-5. S2CID 242607596.
2. ^ Inkster, Nigel (2021). The Great Decoupling China, America and the Struggle for Technological Supremacy. Hurst Publishers. ISBN 978-1-78738-613-6. OCLC 1259590704.
3. ^ a b Eaglen, Mackenzie (2012). US military technological supremacy under threat. American Enterprise Institute. OCLC 820674427.
4. ^ a b Cecil, Andrew Rockover (September 1, 1957). "The soviet challenge for technological supremacy". Peabody Journal of Education. 35 (2): 67–76\. doi:10.1080/01619565709536774. ISSN 0161-956X.
5. ^ Paine, Lincoln P. (2000). Ships of discovery and exploration. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co. pp. 142–143\. ISBN 0-395-98415-7. OCLC 44128252.
6. ^ Gewirtz, Julian (June 23, 2021). "China's Long March to Technological Supremacy". Foreign Affairs. ISSN 0015-7120. Retrieved August 18, 2022.
7. ^ "China and the United States: The Battle for Technological Supremacy". nippon.com. July 30, 2019. Retrieved August 18, 2022.
8. ^ Han, The Anh; Moniz Pereira, Luis; Santos, Francisco C.; Lenaerts, Tom (November 22, 2020). "To Regulate or Not: A Social Dynamics Analysis of an Idealised AI Race". Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research. 69: 881–921\. doi:10.1613/jair.1.12225. hdl:10362/121438. ISSN 1076-9757. S2CID 227183091.
9. ^ Amanullah, Q.; Khan, M.K. (2020). The G-War: Race for technological supremacy in 5G and 6G. Global Foundation for Cyber Studies and Research.
10. ^ Kim, Hojong; Boysen, Dane A.; Newhouse, Jocelyn M.; Spatocco, Brian L.; Chung, Brice; Burke, Paul J.; Bradwell, David J.; Jiang, Kai; Tomaszowska, Alina A.; Wang, Kangli; Wei, Weifeng; Ortiz, Luis A.; Barriga, Salvador A.; Poizeau, Sophie M.; Sadoway, Donald R. (March 13, 2013). "Liquid Metal Batteries: Past, Present, and Future". Chemical Reviews. 113 (3): 2075–2099\. doi:10.1021/cr300205k. ISSN 0009-2665. PMID 23186356.
11. ^ "Bolivia: A World Power in Lithium, the Coup d'état and the Dispute for Technological Supremacy Between the USA and China". Journal of Applied Business and Economics. 22 (3). July 29, 2020. doi:10.33423/jabe.v22i3.2855. ISSN 1499-691X. S2CID 241530448.
12. ^ "China's Vast Blueprint for Tech Supremacy Over U.S." Bloomberg.com. January 23, 2022. Retrieved August 18, 2022.
13. ^ Sutton, Jeanne C. Marrying commercial and military technologies : strategy for maintaining technological supremacy.. (1993). Essays on strategy (PDF). National Defense University Press. OCLC 1023497246.
14. ^ "To maintain tech supremacy the US must avoid 'military-civil fusion'". Financial Times. March 11, 2021. Retrieved August 18, 2022.
15. ^ Stanford, Claire (2022). "Ready Player One and the Reassertion of US Economic and Technological Supremacy". MFS Modern Fiction Studies. 68 (2): 201–218\. doi:10.1353/mfs.2022.0009. ISSN 1080-658X. S2CID 250080460.

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