Tehran province

Province of Iran

Not to be confused with Tehran County.

For the city, see Tehran.

Province in Region 1, Iran

Tehran province

استان تهران (Persian)

Province

Tehran has been Iran's capital since 1778

Counties of Tehran province

Location of Tehran province within Iran

Coordinates: 35°32′N 51°31′E﻿ / ﻿35.533°N 51.517°E﻿ / 35.533; 51.517[2][3]
Country| Iran
Region| Region 1[1]
Capital| Tehran
Counties| 16
Government

• Governor-general| Mohammad-Sadegh Motamedian (Independent)
Area

• Total

| 18,814 km2 (7,264 sq mi)
Population

(2016)[5]

• Total

| 13,267,637

• Estimate

(2020)

| 13,973,000[4]
• Density| 710/km2 (1,800/sq mi)
Time zone| UTC+03:30 (IRST)
Area code| 021
ISO 3166 code| IR-23
Main language(s)| Persian
HDI (2018)| 0.834[6]
very high · 1st

Tehran province (Persian: استان تهران)[a] is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. Its capital is the city of Tehran.[7]

Tehran province covers an area of 18,814 square kilometres (7,264 sq mi) and is located to the north of the Central Plateau of Iran. It was made a part of the First Region with its secretariat located in Tehran, upon the division of the provinces into 5 regions, solely for coordination and development purposes on June 22, 2014.[1]

The province of Tehran has over 12 million inhabitants and is Iran's most densely populated region. Approximately 86.5 percent reside in urban areas and 13.5 percent in rural areas of the province.[8]

## History

[edit]

The Achaemenid collection of the National Museum of Iran in Tehran

Tehran province has several archeological sites indicating settlements dating back several thousand years. Until 300 years ago, Rey was the most prominent of the cities of the province. However, the city of Tehran rose to become the largest city and capital of Iran by 1796, and since then has been the political, cultural, economic, and commercial nucleus of Iran.

Tehran has over 1,500 historical sites of cultural significance registered with the Cultural Heritage Organization of Iran. The oldest of these in Tehran Province is the remains of two sites in Firuzkuh County that date back to the fourth millennium BCE.

After the 2006 census, Karaj, Nazarabad, and Savojbolagh Counties were separated from the province in the establishment of Alborz province.[9]

## Demographics

[edit]

### Ethnicity

[edit]

#### Persians

[edit]

The majority of people living in Tehran province are ethnically Persian, and Tehran is the largest Persian-speaking city in the world.[10][11]

#### Azerbaijanis

[edit]

Azerbaijanis are one of the Iranian ethnic groups living in Tehran province, who also form the largest group of immigrants in Tehran province. Azeris in Tehran speak the Azeri and Persian languages.[12][13][14][15][16]

#### Mazanderanis

[edit]

Mazanderanis are the third largest tribe of Tehran province, who mostly migrated to Tehran from the cities of Babol, Sari, Amol, Qaem Shahr and Savadkuh. In addition to Tehran city, Mazanderani language is also spoken in Firuzkuh, Damavand and Shemiranat cities.[17][18]

#### Kurds

[edit]

Many Kurds have migrated to Tehran province in recent years to continue their studies or to find jobs. Also, the people of Sarbandan, Jaban, Sorkheh Deh and Khosrovan districts of Damavand county in the east of Tehran province speak Kurmanji Kurdish language. The people of these areas are Kurmanji Kurds who moved to this area from Khorasan during the Qajar period. Simultaneously with the migration of Kurmanji tribes from Khorasan to Damavand, another group of Kurds from Khorasan migrated from Chenaran to Piranshahr, one of the cities of Kurdistan south of Lake Urmia.[19][20][21][22]

#### Lurs

[edit]

Many Lurs migrate to Tehran province every year, and in this way, Tehran has a minority of Lurs. Also, Hadavand clan is one of the oldest and largest clans of Tehran province, which moved to Tehran province during the time of Karim Khan Zand.[23][24][25]

#### Gilaks

[edit]

A population of Gilaks also live in Tehran and speak the Gilaki and Persian languages.

#### Armenians

[edit]

A population of Armenians mainly lives in the eastern areas of Tehran.[26][27][28][29]

#### Citizens of other countries

[edit]

A population of Iraqi nationals who are of Iranian origin that live in Dolat Abad area of Tehran.

The unstable situation and the war in neighbouring Afghanistan and Iraq prompted a rush of refugees into the country who arrived in their millions, with Tehran being a magnet for much seeking work, who subsequently helped the city to recover from war wounds, working for far less pay than local construction workers. Many of these refugees are being repatriated with the assistance of the UNHCR, but there are still sizable groups of Afghan and Iraqi refugees in Tehran who are reluctant to leave, being pessimistic about the situation in their own countries. Afghan refugees are mostly Dari-speaking Tajik, Parsiwans and Hazara, speaking a variety of Persian, and Iraqi refugees are mainly Mesopotamian Arabic-speakers who are often of Iranian and Persian ethnic heritage.[30][31][32][33][34]

### Population

[edit]

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the province's population was 13,281,858 in 3,729,010 households.[35] The following census in 2011 counted 12,183,391 people in 3,731,480 households.[36] The 2016 census measured the population of the province as 13,267,637 in 4,288,563 households.[5]

### Administrative divisions

[edit]

The population history and structural changes of Tehran province's administrative divisions over three consecutive censuses are shown in the following table.

Tehran Province  Counties | 2006[35] | 2011[36] | 2016[5]

|
|
|

Baharestan[b] | — | 523,636 | 536,329
Damavand | 96,860 | 100,690 | 125,480
Eslamshahr | 447,192 | 485,688 | 548,620
Firuzkuh | 37,416 | 38,712 | 33,558
Karaj[c] | 1,709,481 | — | —
Malard[d] | — | 373,994 | 377,292
Nazarabad[c] | 128,666 | — | —
Pakdasht | 240,841 | 291,397 | 350,966
Pardis[e] | — | — | 169,060
Pishva[f] | — | 75,454 | 86,601
Qarchak[g] | — | — | 269,138
Qods[h] | — | 290,663 | 316,636
Ray | 292,016 | 319,305 | 349,700
Robat Karim | 608,530 | 195,917 | 291,516
Savojbolagh[c] | 215,086 | — | —
Shahriar | 1,044,707 | 624,440 | 744,210
Shemiranat | 37,778 | 44,061 | 47,279
Tehran | 7,882,843 | 8,293,140 | 8,737,510
Varamin | 540,442 | 526,294 | 283,742
Total | 13,281,858 | 12,183,391 | 13,267,637

### Cities

[edit]

See also: List of cities in Tehran Province by population

According to the 2016 census, 12,452,230 people (nearly 94% of the population of Tehran province) live in the following cities:[5]

City | Population

|

Abali | 2,758
Absard | 10,648
Ahmadabad-e Mostowfi | 14,077
Andisheh | 116,062
Arjomand | 1,124
Baghestan | 83,934
Baqershahr | 65,388
Bumahen | 79,034
Chahardangeh | 49,950
Damavand | 48,380
Eslamshahr | 448,129
Fasham | 6,945
Ferdowsiyeh | 34,221
Ferunabad | 21,682
Firuzkuh | 17,453
Golestan | 239,556
Hasanabad | 43,922
Javadabad | 4,844
Kahrizak | 37,527
Kilan | 2,882
Lavasan | 18,146
Malard | 281,027
Nasimshahr | 200,393
Nasirshahr | 28,644
Pakdasht | 236,319
Parand | 97,464
Pardis | 73,363
Pishva | 59,184
Qarchak | 231,075
Qods | 309,605
Robat Karim | 105,393
Rudehen | 28,533
Sabashahr | 53,971
Safadasht | 32,476
Salehabad | 58,683
Shahedshahr | 25,544
Shahriar | 309,607
Sharifabad | 18,281
Shemshak | 3,423
Tehran | 8,693,706
Vahidiyeh | 33,249
Varamin | 225,628

The following table shows the ten largest cities of Tehran province:[5]

Rank  | Name  | County  | 2016

|
|
|

1  | Tehran | Tehran | 8,693,706
2  | Eslamshahr | Eslamshahr | 448,129
3  | Shahriar | Shahriar | 309,607
4  | Qods | Qods | 309,605
5  | Malard | Malard | 281,027
6  | Golestan | Baharestan | 239,556
7  | Pakdasht | Pakdasht | 236,319
8  | Qarchak | Qarchak | 231,075
9  | Varamin | Varamin | 225,628
10  | Nasimshahr | Baharestan | 200,393

## Geography

[edit]

Tehran province borders Mazandaran Province in the north, Qom Province in the south, Semnan Province in the east, Alborz Province in the west and Markazi Province in the southwest. The metropolis of Tehran is the capital city of the province and of Iran.

Tehran province is the richest in Iran, as it contributes approximately 29% of the country's gross domestic product (GDP). Furthermore, it houses approximately 18% of the country's population and is the most industrialized province in Iran, with nearly 94% of its residents living in the cities as of 2016.

The province gained importance when Tehran was proclaimed the capital by the Qajar dynasty in 1778. Today, Tehran, with a population of 8 million, is ranked amongst the 40 most populous metropolitan cities of the world.

The largest rivers of this province are Karaj River and Jajrood River.

Mountain ranges such as The Alborz span the north; Savad Kooh and Firooz Kooh are located in the northeast; Lavasanat, Qarah Daq, Shemiranat, Hassan Abad and Namak Mountains are in the southern areas; Bibi Shahr Banoo and Alqadr are situated in the southeast and the heights of Qasr-e-Firoozeh been located to the east of the province.

Environmentally, the climate of Tehran province is stable and has four seasons, in winter its experiences cold and snowy conditions, in spring and autumn it experiences generally mild conditions with ample rain, and in summer it experiences warm to hot conditions, and is generally dry. In the mountains, however, it is cold and semi-humid all year round, and the higher regions are colder with long winters. The hottest months of the year are from mid-July to mid-September when temperatures range from 28 °C (82 °F) to 30 °C (86 °F) and the coldest months experience 1 °C (34 °F) around January–February, but at certain times in winter it can reach −20 °C (−4 °F). Tehran city has cold winters and warm to hot summers. Average annual rainfall is approximately 200 millimetres (7.9 in), the maximum being during the winter season mostly in the form of snow. On the whole, the province has a cold semi-arid, steppe climate in the south and an alpine climate in the north.

Tehran Province map

## Tehran province today

[edit]

Tehran is the commercial heart of Iran. Tehran Province has over 17,000 industrial units employing 390,000 people, 26% of all units in Iran. The province contains 30% of Iran's economy, and comprises 40% of Iran's consumer market. The province has three hydro dams namely Latiyan, Lar, and Amir Kabir as well as two natural lakes, providing the water supply of Tehran and the province.[citation needed]

The province contains 170 mines, over 330 square kilometres of forests, and over 12800 square kilometres of pasture.[citation needed]

Generally speaking, year round, regions such as the southern slopes of the Alborz Mountains, especially in the mountains, valleys, and rivers and artificial lakes formed behind the great dams of Amir Kabir, Latiyan and Lar along with natural lakes of Jaban and Tarr provide considerable recreation for the province.

Moreover, due to excessive snowfall in the northern areas of the province during the winter season, the Alborz mountains form an excellent environment for winter sports such as skiing. Dizin, Shemshak, and Tochal are the most popular skiing resorts.

## Anthropology

[edit]

Tehran Province is the most populous province of Iran.[43][44] The population density in this province is 969 people per square kilometer.[45] During a research that was commissioned by the General Culture Council in 2009 and based on a field survey and a statistical community among the residents of 288 cities and about 1400 villages across the country, the percentage of ethnic groups that were sampled in this survey in this province was as follows. Persians was 56.9%, Azari 56.9%, Northern (Mazani, Gilak and Talish) 30.3%, Kurdish 5.5%, Lurs 2.8%, Baloch 2.1%.[46][47][48][49][50][10][51]

## Transportation

[edit]

See also: Transport in Iran

### Road transport

[edit]

Freeways (in blue) and main roads (in green) in Tehran province

Tehran province is served by a large freeway and expressway network:

* Freeway 2 (Tehran–Karaj Freeway): This freeway connects Tehran to the capital city of neighboring province of Alborz, Karaj and continues towards Tabriz and Europe.
* Freeway 5 (Tehran–Saveh Freeway): This Freeway connects city of Tehran to its southern suburbs such as Sabashahr, Robat Karim and Parand and continues towards Markazi province to Saveh and Salafchegan. There are plans to continue the freeway towards Khuzestan.
* Freeway 7 (Tehran–Qom Freeway/Khalij-e-Fars (Persian Gulf) Freeway): This Freeway connects Tehran City to its airport, Imam Khomeini International Airport and continues towards Qom and Isfahan.
* Tehran–Pardis Freeway: This freeway connects Tehran City to its northeastern suburbs such as Pardis, Bumehen and Rudehen and joins Haraz Road and Firuzkuh Road.
* Tehran–Shomal Freeway: This under construction freeway will connect Tehran to Chalus and the touristic areas in Shomal.
* Makhsus Road: This road is the old road from Tehran to Karaj. Because trucks are not allowed on the freeway this road has a high congestion of trucks.
* Road 38: This road connects Tehran to Shahriar and Malard in southwestern Tehran and continues towards Buin-Zahra in Qazvin province.
* Road 44: This Expressway connects Tehran to Mashhad.
* Road 65 (Saidi Expressway/Saveh Road): This road connects Tehran to its southern suburbs such as Chahardangeh, Eslamshahr and Golestan. It continues towards Saveh and further south towards Isfahan, Abadeh, Shiraz and finally the Persian Gulf coastal industrial city of Asaluyeh.
* Road 71 (Qom old Road): This road is the road that connected Tehran to Qom as a main road before the opening of the freeway in 1980. It is still an important transit road because trucks are not allowed in the freeway.
* (Damavand Road/Haraz Road): This road connects Tehran to cities like Rudehen, Abali and Damavand and continues towards Amol in Mazandaran province in Shomal. It is the most congested road from Tehran to Shomal after Chalous Road.
* Road 79 (Firuzkuh Road): This road connects Tehran to Firuzkuh and Qaemshahr and therefore Sari.
* Greater Tehran Expressway Network:

### Rail network

[edit]

#### National Rail Network

[edit]

The city of Tehran is connected to the North, South, West and East with the railway. It has weekly trains for Istanbul. Tehran is the headquarters of RAJA (Iran national railway). There may be plans to build high speed railway lines from Tehran to Mashhad and Isfahan.

#### Tehran Metro

[edit]

Main article: Tehran Metro

Hassan Abad Sq. Metro station

Tehran is served by a system of metro of three urban lines (1, 2, 4) and one suburban line (5) serving Karaj and Tehran western suburbs. There are plans to extend the system to eight urban lines and express express suburban lines.

### Airports

[edit]

Tehran province has two main passenger airports:

* Mehrabad Airport
* Imam Khomeini Airport

It also has a number of air force bases.

## Parks, recreation and other attractions

[edit]

A view of Tehran and Alborz Mountains The Niavaran Public Library is nestled snugly within the Niavaran city park. Seen from the Dizin ski resort. Milad tower

* Darband (hiking trail)
* Chitgar Park
* Mellat Park
* Laleh Park
* Jamshidieh Park
* Niavaran Park
* Sa'ei Park
* Shatranj Park
* Tangeh Savashi
* Police Park
* Darabad hiking trail
* Darakeh hiking trail
* Jahan-e Kudak Park
* Azadi Sports complex
* Enghelab Sports Complex and Golf course
* Eram Amusement Park
* Several caves, springs, and waterfalls outside Tehran
* Latyan Lake
* Lavizan Forest Park
* Vard-Avard Forest Park
* Khojir National Park
* Kavir National Park
* Tar Lake
* Amir Kabir Lake
* Lar Protected Natural Habitat
* Varjeen Protected Natural Habitat

## Religious centers

[edit]

### Mosques, shrines, mausoleums, and tombs

[edit]

* Soltani Mosque, built by Fath Ali Shah
* Atiq Mosque, built in 1663.
* Mo'ezz o-dowleh mosque, built by Fath Ali Shah
* Haj Seyd Azizollah mosque, built by Fath Ali Shah
* Al-javad mosque, Iran's first modernist design mosque.
* The Old Sepahsalar mosque, another prominent Qajar era mosque.
* The new Sepahsalar Mosque (Madreseh e Motahari)
* Filsuf o-dowleh Mosque, Qajar era
* Moshir ol-Saltaneh Mosque, Qajar era
* Mo'ayyer ol-Mamalik Mosque, Qajar era
* Shahr Banu Mausopleum
* Javan-mard Qassab Mausoleum, a pre-Islamic semi-mythical hero
* Dozens of Imam-zadeh shrines, hundreds of years old, including that of Imam Zadeh Saleh.
* Dozens of Saqa Khanehs: traditional places of prayer
* Several Tekyehs: traditional places for mourning Muharram ceremonies for Husayn ibn Ali.
* Ebn-e Babooyeh cemetery, where numerous Iranian figures, such as Takhti and Ali Akbar Dehkhoda, are buried.
* Zahir o-dowleh cemetery, housing the tombs of art and cultural figures such as Iraj Mirza, Mohammad Taghi Bahar, Forough Farrokhzad, Abolhasan Saba, Ruhollah Khaleghi, and Darvish-khan are buried.
* Kordan Tomb, Seljuqi era, Karaj.
* Maydanak Tomb, 13th century, Karaj
* The Polish cemetery north of Tehran, where numerous Western Allied soldiers of World War II are buried

### Churches

[edit]

* Surep Georg Church, 1790
* Thaddeus Bartoqimus Church, 1808
* Enjili Church, 1867
* Assyrian Church

## Higher education

[edit]

Sharif University of Technology main campus

Tehran province's major universities are:

* Shariaty Technical College
* Allameh Tabatabaii University
* Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic)
* Alzahra University
* Shamsipour Technical College
* Baqiyatallah Medical Sciences University
* Farabi Institute of Virtual Higher Education
* Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST)
* Imam Hossein University
* Imam Sadeq University (ISU)
* Iran University of Medical Sciences
* K.N.Toosi University of Technology
* Shahed University
* Shahid Beheshti University
* Sharif University of Technology
* Tarbiat Modarres University (Professor Training University)
* Tehran University of Medical Sciences
* Tarbiat Moaalem University
* University of The Arts
* University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences
* University of Tehran
* Islamic Azad University of Tehran-Science and Research
* Islamic Azad University of Pishva
* Islamic Azad University of Islamshahr
* Islamic Azad University of Damavand
* Islamic Azad University of Roodehen
* Islamic Azad University of Tehran-Medical Sciences
* Islamic Azad University North Tehran Branch
* Islamic Azad University of Tehran-South
* Islamic Azad University Central Tehran Branch
* Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
* Institute for Studies in Theoretical Physics and Mathematics (IPM)
* Hadith College of Tehran
* Imam Ali University for Army Officers
* Comprehensive University of Technology
* Tehran University of Applied Science and Technology
* Bagher Aloloum University
* Iran College of Tele-communications
* Medical University for the Islamic Republic of Iran's Army
* NAJA University of Police
* School of Economic Affairs (SEA)
* School of International Relations
* Shahed University of Medical Sciences
* Shahid Sattari University of Aeronautical Engineering
* University of Islamic Sects
* The Research Institute of The Petroleum Industry
* Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute
* Power and Water Institute of Technology (PWIT)
* Payame Noor University

## See also

[edit]

* Architecture of Tehran
* Economy of Iran
* Tehran (city)
* Metro Tehran
* Tehran-Shomal Freeway

Media related to Tehran Province at Wikimedia Commons

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ Also romanized as Ostān-e Tehrān
2. ^ Separated from Robat Karim County after the 2006 census[37]
3. ^ a b c Transferred to Alborz province after the 2006 census[9]
4. ^ Separated from Shahriar County after the 2006 census[38]
5. ^ Separated from Tehran County after the 2011 census[39]
6. ^ Separated from Varamin County after the 2006 census[40]
7. ^ Separated from Varamin County after the 2011 census[41]
8. ^ Separated from Shahriar County after the 2006 census[42]

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[edit]

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32. ^ "Nearly 2.5 Million Afghans Reside in Western Tehran". Iran International. 3 November 2023. Retrieved 3 November 2023.
33. ^ Azadi, RFE/RL's Radio. "Afghan Refugees In Iran Say Camps Filled With Misery As They Await Fate". RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty. Retrieved 3 November 2023.
34. ^ Rahimitabar, Parisa; Kraemer, Alexander; Bozorgmehr, Kayvan; Ebrahimi, Fatemeh; Takian, Amirhossein (21 January 2023). "Health condition of Afghan refugees residing in Iran in comparison to Germany: a systematic review of empirical studies". International Journal for Equity in Health. 22 (1): 16. doi:10.1186/s12939-023-01832-7. ISSN 1475-9276. PMC 9862781. PMID 36681845.
35. ^ a b سرشماري عمومي نفوس و مسكن 1385 : استان تهران [General Population and Housing Census 2006: Tehran Province]. مرکز آمار ایران [Statistical Centre of Iran] (in Persian). Archived from the original (Excel) on 20 September 2011. Retrieved 25 June 2025.مرکز+آمار+ایرانCategory:Articles+containing+Persian-language+text+[Statistical+Centre+of+Iran]&rft.atitle=سرشماري+عمومي+نفوس+و+مسكن+1385+:+استان+تهران&rft_id=http://www.amar.org.ir/DesktopModules/FTPManager/upload/upload2360/newjkh/newjkh/23.xls&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Tehran+province" class="Z3988">
36. ^ a b سرشماري عمومي نفوس و مسكن 1390 : استان تهران [General Population and Housing Census 2011: Tehran Province]. Iran Data Portal—Syracuse University (in Persian). مرکز آمار ایران [Statistical Centre of Iran]. Archived from the original (Excel) on 20 January 2023. Retrieved 25 June 2025.
37. ^ Rahimi, Mohammad Reza (20 February 2011) [تاریخ تصویب (Approval date) 1389/12/01 (Iranian Jalali calendar)]. تصویب نامه در خصوص تقسیمات کشوری در استان تهران [‌Approval letter regarding national divisions in Tehran province]. لام تا کام [Lam ta Kam] (in Persian). ‌وزارت کشور [Ministry of the Interior]. هیات وزیران [Council of Ministers]. شماره ابلاغیه 293643/ت44783ه [Notification number 293643/T44783H]. Archived from the original on 21 June 2025. Retrieved 21 June 2025.لام+تا+کامCategory:Articles+containing+Persian-language+text+[Lam+ta+Kam]&rft.atitle=تصویب+نامه+در+خصوص+تقسیمات+کشوری+در+استان+تهران&rft.date=2011-02-20&rft.aulast=Rahimi&rft.aufirst=Mohammad+Reza&rft_id=https://lamtakam.com/law/council_of_ministers/793953&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Tehran+province" class="Z3988">
38. ^ Davoodi, Parviz (12 April 2009) [تاریخ تصویب (Approval date) 1388/01/23 (Iranian Jalali calendar)]. تصویب نامه درخصوص الحاق شهرک جعفریه به دهستان ملارد بخش ملارد شهرستان شهریار [‌Approval letter regarding the annexation of Shahrak-e Jafariyeh to Malard Rural District, Malard District, Shahriar County]. لام تا کام [Lam ta Kam] (in Persian). ‌وزارت کشور [Ministry of the Interior]. هیات وزیران [Council of Ministers]. شناسه [ID] C826BA47-F8BD-44D9-8863-011042C70E44. Archived from the original on 21 June 2025. Retrieved 21 June 2025.لام+تا+کامCategory:Articles+containing+Persian-language+text+[Lam+ta+Kam]&rft.atitle=تصویب+نامه+درخصوص+الحاق+شهرک+جعفریه+به+دهستان+ملارد+بخش+ملارد+شهرستان+شهریار&rft.date=2009-04-12&rft.aulast=Davoodi&rft.aufirst=Parviz&rft_id=https://lamtakam.com/law/council_of_ministers/135216&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Tehran+province" class="Z3988">
39. ^ Rahimi, Mohammad Reza (19 December 2012) [تاریخ تصویب (Approval date) 1391/09/29 (Iranian Jalali calendar)]. تصویب نامه درخصوص تقسیمات کشوری در استان تهران [‌Approval letter regarding national divisions in Tehran province]. لام تا کام [Lam ta Kam] (in Persian). ‌وزارت کشور [Ministry of the Interior]. هیات وزیران [Council of Ministers]. شماره ابلاغیه ۱۹۷۲۱۰/ت۴۶۵۹۰ه [Notification number 177210/T46590H]. Archived from the original on 21 June 2025. Retrieved 21 June 2025.لام+تا+کامCategory:Articles+containing+Persian-language+text+[Lam+ta+Kam]&rft.atitle=تصویب+نامه+درخصوص+تقسیمات+کشوری+در+استان+تهران&rft.date=2012-12-19&rft.aulast=Rahimi&rft.aufirst=Mohammad+Reza&rft_id=https://lamtakam.com/law/council_of_ministers/826309&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Tehran+province" class="Z3988">
40. ^ Rahimi, Mohammad Reza (27 November 2010) [6 آذر 1389 (Iranian Jalali calendar)]. با ايجاد 6 تغيير در جغرافياي استان تهران؛ شهرستان پیشوا به نقشه تقسیمات کشورى اضافه شد [With 6 changes in the geography of Tehran province; Pishva County was added to the map of national divisions]. Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran (in Persian). ‌وزارت کشور [Ministry of the Interior]. هیات وزیران [Council of Ministers]. Archived from the original on 1 August 2018. Retrieved 24 June 2025.
41. ^ Rahimi, Mohammad Reza (19 December 2012) [تاریخ تصویب (Approval date) 1391/09/29 (Iranian Jalali calendar)]. تصویب نامه درخصوص ایجاد شهرستان قرچک در تابعیت استان تهران [‌Approval letter regarding the establishment of Qarchak County under the citizenship of Tehran province]. لام تا کام [Lam ta Kam] (in Persian). ‌وزارت کشور [Ministry of the Interior]. هیات وزیران [Council of Ministers]. شماره ابلاغیه ۲۰۰۶۷۸/ت۴۷۱۴۰ه [Notification number 200678/T47140H]. Archived from the original on 21 June 2025. Retrieved 21 June 2025.لام+تا+کامCategory:Articles+containing+Persian-language+text+[Lam+ta+Kam]&rft.atitle=تصویب+نامه+درخصوص+ایجاد+شهرستان+قرچک+در+تابعیت+استان+تهران&rft.date=2012-12-19&rft.aulast=Rahimi&rft.aufirst=Mohammad+Reza&rft_id=https://lamtakam.com/law/council_of_ministers/826690&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Tehran+province" class="Z3988">
42. ^ Davoodi, Parviz (12 April 2009) [تاریخ تصویب (Approval date) 1388/01/23 (Iranian Jalali calendar)]. تصویب نامه درخصوص ایجاد شهرستان قدس به مرکزیت شهر قدس متشکل از بخش مرکزی شامل دهستان های هفت جوی و دانش در استان تهران [‌Approval regarding the establishment of Qods County with the city of Qods as its center, consisting of the Central District including Haft Juy and Danesh Rural Districts in Tehran province]. لام تا کام [Lam ta Kam] (in Persian). ‌وزارت کشور [Ministry of the Interior]. هیات وزیران [Council of Ministers]. شناسه [ID] F62607B7-6E01-4A3D-A5E8-4435A39CC218. Archived from the original on 21 June 2025. Retrieved 21 June 2025.لام+تا+کامCategory:Articles+containing+Persian-language+text+[Lam+ta+Kam]&rft.atitle=تصویب+نامه+درخصوص+ایجاد+شهرستان+قدس+به+مرکزیت+شهر+قدس+متشکل+از+بخش+مرکزی+شامل+دهستان+های+هفت+جوی+و+دانش+در+استان+تهران&rft.date=2009-04-12&rft.aulast=Davoodi&rft.aufirst=Parviz&rft_id=https://lamtakam.com/law/council_of_ministers/135212&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Tehran+province" class="Z3988">
43. ^ "Tehran |". www.stonybrook.edu. Retrieved 2 November 2023.
44. ^ Wainwright, Oliver (9 January 2019). "'Like LA with minarets': how concrete and cars came to rule Tehran". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2 November 2023.
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47. ^ شماره کتابشناسه ملّی:۲۸۸۷۱۴۱طرح بررسی و سنجش شاخص‌های فرهنگ عمومی کشور (شاخص‌های غیرثبتی){گزارش}:استان تهران/به سفارش شورای فرهنگ عمومی کشور؛ مدیر طرح و مسئول سیاست گذاری:منصور واعظی؛ اجرا:شرکت پژوهشگران خبره پارس -شابک:۷-۴۲-۶۶۲۷-۶۰۰-۹۷۸ *وضعیت نشر:تهران-موسسه انتشارات کتاب نشر ۱۳۹۱ *وضعیت ظاهری:۲۹۶ ص:جدول (بخش رنگی)، نمودار (بخش رنگی) [The project of surveying and measuring the country's public culture indicators] (in Persian). Tehran.
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## Bibliography

[edit]

* Ahmady, Kameel (2023). From Border to Border. Moldova: Scholars' Press publishes. ISBN 9786206769538.
* Shahri, Jafar (2002). old Tehran (in Persian). Tehran: Moein publication.
* Mahmoudian, AliAkbar (2008). A look at Tehran from the beginning until now. Tehran: Institute of Geographical and Cartographic Gitaology.

## External links

[edit]

* Official website of Tehran Governorship
* Tehran Province's Cultural Heritage Organization
* "Teheran, a province of Persia" . Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). 1911.

Authority control databases

International|

* VIAF

National|

* Germany
* France
* BnF data

Geographic|

* MusicBrainz area

Other|

* NARA
* Yale LUX

Places adjacent to Tehran province

| Alborz province | Mazandaran province |

|
|

|  |

Tehran province

| Semnan province
|  |
Markazi province | Qom province |

* v
* t
* e

Provinces of Iran

* Alborz
* Ardabil
* Bushehr
* Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari
* East Azerbaijan
* Fars
* Gilan
* Golestan
* Hamadan
* Hormozgan
* Ilam
* Isfahan
* Kerman
* Kermanshah
* Khuzestan
* Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad
* Kurdistan
* Lorestan
* Markazi
* Mazandaran
* North Khorasan
* Qazvin
* Qom
* Razavi Khorasan
* Semnan
* Sistan and Baluchestan
* South Khorasan
* Tehran
* West Azerbaijan
* Yazd
* Zanjan

* v
* t
* e

Tehran province, Iran

Capital|

* Tehran

Counties
and cities|

| Baharestan County|

* Nasim Shahr
* Golestan
* Salehieh

|
|

Damavand County|

* Damavand
* Abali
* Absard
* Kilan
* Rudehen

Eslamshahr County|

* Ahmadabad-e Mostowfi
* Eslamshahr
* Chahardangeh

Firuzkuh County|

* Firuzkuh
* Arjomand

Malard County|

* Malard
* Safadasht

Pakdasht County|

* Pakdasht
* Sharifabad

Pardis County|

* Pardis
* Bumehen

Pishva County|

* Pishva

Qarchak County|

* Qarchak

Qods County|

* Qods

Ray County|

* Rey*
* Baqershahr
* Hasanabad
* Kahrizak

Robat Karim County|

* Robat Karim
* Parand
* Nasirabad

Shahriar County|

* Shahriar
* Andisheh
* Baghestan
* Ferdowsieh
* Sabashahr
* Shahedshahr
* Vahidieh

Shemiranat County|

* Shemiran*
* Fasham
* Lavasan
* Tajrish*

Tehran County|

* Tehran

Varamin County|

* Varamin
* Javadabad

Landmarks|

* Azadi Tower
* Bahman Cultural Center
* Tabiat Bridge
* Carpet Museum of Iran
* Dizin
* Ebn-e Babooyeh
* Golestan Palace
* Grand Bazaar, Tehran
* Iranian Crown Jewels
* Malik National Museum of Iran
* Milad Tower
* National Museum of Iran
* Niavaran Complex
* Pearl Palace
* Sa'dabad Complex
* Shebeli Tower
* Shemshak (ski resort)
* Bibi Shahr Banu Shrine
* Tangeh Savashi
* Tehran Museum of Contemporary Art
* Toopkhaneh
* Tughrul Tower
* Reza Abbasi Museum
* St. Thaddeus and Bartholomew Church
* St. George Church

Populated places|

* List of cities, towns and villages in Tehran province

^* indicates that this formerly independent city is now absorbed into Tehran.

* v
* t
* e

Counties of Tehran province

* Damavand
* Eslamshahr
* Firuzkuh
* Malard
* Pakdasht
* Pishva
* Rey
* Robat-Karim
* Shahr-e Qods
* Shahriar
* Shemiranat
* Tehran
* Varamin

* v
* t
* e

Expressways of Tehran

Expressways

* 11
* Imam Reza Expressway
* 12
* Artesh Expressway
* 13
* Imam Ali Expressway
* 14
* Kharrazi Expressway
* Hemmat Expressway
* Zeinoddin Expressway
* 15
* Modares Expressway
* 16
* Lashgari Expressway
* 17
* Chamran Expressway
* 18
* Mahallati Expressway
* 19
* Shahid Sattari Expressway
* 21
* Shushtari Expressway
* Najafi Rastegar Expressway
* 22
* Abshenasan Expressway
* Hashemi Rafsanjani Expressway
* Niayesh Tunnel
* Sadr Expressway Upper Level
* Babayi Expressway
* 23
* Sayyad Expressway
* 24
* Hamadani Expressway
* Allameh Jafari Expressway
* Hakim Expressway
* Qasem Soleimani Expressway
* 25
* Kordestan Expressway
* 26
* Fath Expressway
* 27
* Navvab Expressway
* Yarjani Expressway
* 28
* Cheraghi Expressway
* 29
* Bakeri Expressway
* 31
* Bagheri Expressway
* 32
* Sadr Expressway Lower Level
* 34
* Jalal-e-Ale Ahmad Expressway
* Shahid Gomnam Expressway
* 36
* Borujerdi Expressway
* 37
* Tondguyan Expressway
* Behesht-e Zahra (Hashemi) Expressway
* 38
* Besat Expressway
* 39
* Ayatollah Kashani Expressway
* 41
* Doran Expressway
* 42
* Shahid Haghani Expressway
* 44
* Fahmideh Expressway
* Sheikh Fazl-allah Nouri Expressway
* 47
* Yadegar-e-Emam Expressway
* 48
* Mahdavi Kani Expressway
* Azadegan Expressway
* 49
* Dogaz Expressway
* 51
* Basij Expressway
* 54
* Yasini Expressway
* 57
* Ashrafi Esfahani Expressway
* Mohammad Ali Jenah Expressway
* 58
* Karimi Expressway
* Avini Expressway
* Rasuli Expressway
* 67
* Saidi Expressway
* 68
* Allameh Asgari Expressway
* Shahr-e Aftab Expressway
* 77
* Kazemi Expressway

Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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