Telecommunication Company of Iran

Company type| Public

Traded as

| TSE: MKBT1
ISIN: IRO1MKBT0008
Industry| Telecommunications
Founded| 1971
Headquarters| Tehran, Iran

Key people

| Majid Soltani  (CEO) Ebrahim Mahmoudzadeh  (Chairman)

Number of employees

| 54,000
Subsidiaries| TCI
Website| www.tci.ir

Telecommunication Company of Iran, or TCI (Persian: شرکت مخابرات ایران, romanized: Sherkat-e Moxaberat-e Iran), is the fixed-line incumbent operator in Iran offering services in fixed telephony, DSL and data services for both residential and business customers, all throughout the country. It was established in 1971 with a new organizational structure as the main responsible administration for the entire telecommunication affairs.

TCI maintains 30 provincial subsidiaries and two brands - MCI (Hamrahe Avval or Mobile Company of Iran) and FCI (Ashenaye Avval or Fixed-line Company of Iran) that provide fixed-line telephone service, data services, mobile services, high-speed internet and soon wireless services. About 99% of the fixed-line telephone subscribers and 61% of the mobile subscribers in Iran belong to TCI's affiliates.

By 2008 TCI employed 38,000 permanent employees—13,500 of which are slated to retire during the next three years—and about 45,000 temporary employees through private subcontractors, which will no longer be used after privatization (March 2009).[1]

On 2016 the Director of TCI announced the merger of its provincial subsidiaries and the MCI into a single business unit that allow to utilize the powerful synergies and maintain leading positions on the national telecoms market.[2]

TCI has utilized equipment and services such as digital switching centers, optical fiber cables, mobile phones, data networks, satellite services, and telephone special services. TCI manufactures more than 80% of the required equipment inside Iran.[3][failed verification]

Iran Telecommunication Industries (ITI) was also founded in the same year to manufacture the required equipment for the national long-distance network. TCI has monopoly over Iran's fixed line infrastructure, and it was until 2010, Iran's largest cellular operator (MCI) and Internet service provider and data communication operator (DCI).[citation needed] As of November 2010, MCI accounts for more than 70% of TCI's profit.[4]

TCI is exporting technical and engineering services, as well as consulting and contracting services. It is also responsible for censoring most of the internet in Iran, as serves as a bottleneck for the monitoring of all communications.[citation needed][5]

## Privatization and IPO[edit]

See also: Privatization in Iran

Privatization Organization has forecast that shares of Telecommunication Company of Iran (TCI) will be floated in the stock market by late September 2007.[6]

In March 2007, TCI and its provincially affiliated companies received the government's permission to be privatized. TCI's Infrastructure Telecom Company will be detached from it and would continue its activities as a part of the ICT Ministry. Close to 33 companies in the telecom sector are expected to be privatized.

In September 2007, the Ministry of ICT announced that 51% of TCI would be privatized before the end of the Iranian calendar year on 20 March 2008. As a forerunner to the sale of a controlling stake in TCI, a 5% stake in the operator was scheduled be floated on the Tehran Stock Exchange before the end of December 2007. The flotation of this minority stake did not take place as planned, and in January 2008 it was reported that TCI would first have to be established as a fully licensed telecoms service provider.[7]

In April 2008, TCI Chairman Saber Feizi said that the various affiliated companies were interconnected in such a way as to make it impossible to separate them when the company is eventually offered for sale on the Tehran Stock Exchange. Feizi, therefore, stressed that TCI would be sold along with all its subsidiaries, including mobile business unit Mobile Communications Company of Iran (MCI).[8]

In September 2009, Mobin Trust Consortium along with Tose'e Etemad Investment Company and Sina Bank won the tender for TCI (50% + one share) for $7.8 billion.[9] Among its major investors were IRGC Co-op Foundation, Mostazafan Foundation, and Execution of Imam's Order company.[10] The Government Ministry retained the remaining 40%, TCI employees held 5% and the last 5% shares worth of 344 billion Rials were sold on the Tehran Stock Exchange in just 8 minutes.[11] In November 2009, the consortium paid 1564 billion tomans for the 50 percent of the shares in the Telecommunication Company priced over 7000 billion tomans with rest of the amount to be paid within next eight years. This was the biggest acquisition in the history of Iran's stock market.[12]

In October 2018, an IRGC unit in charge of the body's economic operations announced it has left Iran's telecommunications industry, after selling its share in a consortium controlling Iran's top telecoms companies and biggest mobile phone operator.[13] The military had previously been asked to withdraw from the economy, by selling its businesses, by both Supreme Leader Ali Khamenehi and President Hassan Rohani.[14]

## License[edit]

Minister of ICT gave TCI an ultimatum in July 2023 to merge its provincial subsidiaries, permanently contract veterans, separate local internet traffic, improve PCM parameter or lose its license and sell its network.[15] The corporation questioned Minister's 20 million FTTH port coverage program.[16]

## Foreign projects[edit]

Iran's Ministry of Communication and Information Technology along with TCI are developing the landline telephone network in the towns of Karbala and Najaf in Iraq.[17]

## Added value apps[edit]

It runs a streaming service fam.ir.[18]

## Business indicators[edit]

Major business indicators of TCI by May 2015[19] are:

* Fixed-line subscribers: 29.4 million
* Fixed-line penetration rate: 38 percent
* Mobile subscribers: 63 million
* Mobile penetration rate: 80.5 percent
* Internet users: 41 million
* Telecom service connected villages: 53 thousand
* Mobile communication covered roads: 72 thousand Kilometers
* Mobile communication covered villages: 45 thousand

## TCI's main subsidiaries[edit]

* Iran Telecommunication Manufacturing Company (ITMC) - owned by TCI (45%), Industry Bank (35%) and Siemens (20%)[20]
* Iran Telecommunication Industries (ITI) - ITI was established in 1973 in Shiraz as a fully owned subsidiary of TCI. Within the past 20 years ITI has equipped the telecommunications network, manufactured the analogue and digital transmission equipment, and has also contributed to the communications developments in Iran. As of 2001, ITI employed over 2000 staff. The company is responsible for maintaining and expanding Iran's telecom network and providing all the necessary hardware and software in this field.
* Telecommunication Network Planning and Development Company, renamed to Telecommunication Infrastructure Company
* Optical Fiber and Solar Cell Fabrication Company
* Shahid Ghandi Communication Cables Co.
* Data Communications of Iran (DCI) - DCI maintains the network infrastructure, providing Internet access via the IRANPAK X.25 packet-switching network, which covers most major cities. DCI is the only ISP with a permit for supplying government agencies. DCI supplies both dial-up and leased lines to its users.[21]

## See also[edit]

* Communications in Iran

## References[edit]

1. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2022-01-21. Retrieved 2009-01-14.`{{cite web}}`: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
2. ^ Azali, MohammadReza (2016-09-14). "The Biggest Telecommunication Merger in Iran Is Happening". TechRasa. Retrieved 2019-05-22.
3. ^ "Cellphone Import Tariffs Up 600%". Iran Daily. 21 June 2007. Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 16 July 2017.
4. ^ "Iran Investment Monthly" (PDF). Vol. 4, no. 50 (November 2010 ed.). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-11-10. Retrieved 2010-12-22. `{{cite magazine}}`: Cite magazine requires `|magazine=` (help)
5. ^ Aryan, Simurgh, Homa Aryan, and J. Alex Halderman. "Internet censorship in Iran: A first look". Workshop on Free and Open Communications on the Internet.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
6. ^ "TCI Privatization by Sept". Iran Daily. 3 June 2007. Archived from the original on 12 October 2008. Retrieved 16 July 2017.
7. ^ "Iran Telecommunications Report Q3 2008". Payvand. Archived from the original on 19 March 2018. Retrieved 13 August 2015.
8. ^ "Telecoms Progress Report". Iran Daily. 25 November 2008. Archived from the original on 17 August 2009.
9. ^ "Iran's biggest ever bourse deal". Tehran Times. 27 September 2009. Retrieved 16 July 2017.
10. ^ "Iran's Rev. Guard buys stake in Iran telecom". The Associated Press. 27 September 2009. Archived from the original on 16 October 2009 - via Yahoo! News.
11. ^ "NEW TCI Share holders". www.reuters.com.
12. ^ "IRGC Relinquishes its Shares in the National Telecommunication Company". Iran International. 2018-10-24. Retrieved 2019-05-22.
13. ^ "IRGC Sells Its Shares in Iran's Largest Telecom Firm". 25 October 2018.
14. ^ "Pasdaran announce they left telecomms business |". Iran Times. Retrieved 2019-05-22.
15. ^ "شرکت مخابرات مقصر جدید کیفیت سرعت اینترنت در ایران – تجارت‌نیوز". tejaratnews.com (in Persian). 2023-07-05. Retrieved 2023-07-06.
16. ^ "مخابرات توسعه فیبرنوری در کشور را زیر سوال". راه پرداخت (in Persian). 2022-11-09. Retrieved 2023-08-13.
17. ^ EIU Digital Solutions. "Iran telecoms: Iran to develop phone network in Iraq". BBC Monitoring. Archived from the original on 16 July 2011. Retrieved 13 August 2015 - via Economist Intelligence Unit.
18. ^ contributors, Mark Otto, Jacob Thornton, and Bootstrap; مهدی (2022-08-16). "هدیه تابستانه شرکت مخابرات ؛ استفاده رایگان مشتریان مخابرات ازطرح ترافیک ومحتوای سایت فام (fam.ir)". پایگاه اطلاع رسانی احوال | اخبار ایران و جهان - مدیراقای علیرضا اقتصاد (in Persian). Retrieved 2023-08-13. `{{cite web}}`: `|last=` has generic name (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
19. ^ Azali, MohammadReza (2016-09-14). "The Biggest Telecommunication Merger in Iran Is Happening". TechRasa. Retrieved 2019-05-22.
20. ^ "Middle East Business, Financial & Investment News, Intelligence Reports & Projects - Zawya". Archived from the original on 2015-09-04. Retrieved 2010-05-24.
21. ^ "Telecoms And Technology Forecast for Iran", Economist Intelligence Unit, 18 August 2008

## External links[edit]

* Official Website (English pages)
* Information Technology in Iran
* Iran telecom surveillance system
* Iran Telecommunication's research center Archived 2007-07-30 at the Wayback Machine

* v
* t
* e

Telecommunications

History|

* Beacon
* Broadcasting
* Cable protection system
* Cable TV
* Communications satellite
* Computer network
* Data compression
* audio
* DCT
* image
* video
* Digital media
* Internet video
* online video platform
* social media
* streaming
* Drums
* Edholm's law
* Electrical telegraph
* Fax
* Heliographs
* Hydraulic telegraph
* Information Age
* Information revolution
* Internet
* Mass media
* Mobile phone
* Smartphone
* Optical telecommunication
* Optical telegraphy
* Pager
* Photophone
* Prepaid mobile phone
* Radio
* Radiotelephone
* Satellite communications
* Semaphore
* Phryctoria
* Semiconductor
* device
* MOSFET
* transistor
* Smoke signals
* Telecommunications history
* Telautograph
* Telegraphy
* Teleprinter (teletype)
* Telephone
* The Telephone Cases
* Television
* digital
* streaming
* Undersea telegraph line
* Videotelephony
* Whistled language
* Wireless revolution

Pioneers|

* Nasir Ahmed
* Edwin Howard Armstrong
* Mohamed M. Atalla
* John Logie Baird
* Paul Baran
* John Bardeen
* Alexander Graham Bell
* Emile Berliner
* Tim Berners-Lee
* Francis Blake (telephone)
* Jagadish Chandra Bose
* Charles Bourseul
* Walter Houser Brattain
* Vint Cerf
* Claude Chappe
* Yogen Dalal
* Daniel Davis Jr.
* Donald Davies
* Amos Dolbear
* Thomas Edison
* Lee de Forest
* Philo Farnsworth
* Reginald Fessenden
* Elisha Gray
* Oliver Heaviside
* Robert Hooke
* Erna Schneider Hoover
* Harold Hopkins
* Gardiner Greene Hubbard
* Internet pioneers
* Bob Kahn
* Dawon Kahng
* Charles K. Kao
* Narinder Singh Kapany
* Hedy Lamarr
* Innocenzo Manzetti
* Guglielmo Marconi
* Robert Metcalfe
* Antonio Meucci
* Samuel Morse
* Jun-ichi Nishizawa
* Charles Grafton Page
* Radia Perlman
* Alexander Stepanovich Popov
* Tivadar Puskás
* Johann Philipp Reis
* Claude Shannon
* Almon Brown Strowger
* Henry Sutton
* Charles Sumner Tainter
* Nikola Tesla
* Camille Tissot
* Alfred Vail
* Thomas A. Watson
* Charles Wheatstone
* Vladimir K. Zworykin

Transmission
media|

* Coaxial cable
* Fiber-optic communication
* optical fiber
* Free-space optical communication
* Molecular communication
* Radio waves
* wireless
* Transmission line
* telecommunication circuit

Network topology
and switching|

* Bandwidth
* Links
* Nodes
* terminal
* Network switching
* circuit
* packet
* Telephone exchange

Multiplexing|

* Space-division
* Frequency-division
* Time-division
* Polarization-division
* Orbital angular-momentum
* Code-division

Concepts|

* Communication protocol
* Computer network
* Data transmission
* Store and forward
* Telecommunications equipment

Types of network|

* Cellular network
* Ethernet
* ISDN
* LAN
* Mobile
* NGN
* Public Switched Telephone
* Radio
* Television
* Telex
* UUCP
* WAN
* Wireless network

Notable networks|

* ARPANET
* BITNET
* CYCLADES
* FidoNet
* Internet
* Internet2
* JANET
* NPL network
* Toasternet
* Usenet

Locations|

* Africa
* Americas
* North
* South
* Antarctica
* Asia
* Europe
* Oceania
* (Global telecommunications regulation bodies)

* Telecommunication portal
* Category
* Outline
* Commons

* v
* t
* e

Companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange

* Aabsal
* AzarAb Industries
* Bahman Group
* Bank Mellat
* Bank Pasargad
* Bank Saderat
* Behran Oil
* Chadormalu Mining
* Darou Pakhsh
* Data Processing Iran
* EN Bank
* Ghadir Investment
* HEPCO
* KSC
* Iran Combine Manufacturing
* Iran Khodro
* Iran Tractor Manufacturing
* Iranian Aluminium
* Jaber Ebne Hayyan Pharmaceutical
* Jey Oil Refining Company
* Karafarin Bank
* Loghman Pharmaceuticals
* Machine Sazi Arak
* MAPNA
* MCI
* Mobarakeh Steel
* Navard Aluminium
* North Drilling
* Offset Press
* Pars Khodro
* Pars Oil
* Parsian Bank
* SADRA
* SAIPA
* Sepahan Oil Company
* Sina Bank
* Tejarat Bank
* TCI
* Tidewater Middle East
* Tolypers

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