Television in the Philippines

"Philippine television" redirects here. For television stations broadcasting in the Philippines, see List of analog television stations in the Philippines and List of digital television stations in the Philippines.

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Television in the Philippines was introduced in October 1953 with the first commercial broadcast by Alto Broadcasting System (now ABS-CBN), making the Philippines the first Southeast Asian country, and the second country in Asia, to broadcast. During the late 1940s, Filipino engineers and students replicated academic experiments with broadcasting.[1]

From 1975 to 1978, the Sinag Awards were given by the Philippine Academy for Television Arts and Sciences (PATAS).[2][3]

Star Awards for Television, the country's oldest existing television awards, are handed out annually by the Philippine Movie Press Club after being voted on by the press.

The Philippines has no public broadcasting television network,[4][5] but there are several government-owned networks.

## History

[edit]

### The early years (1946–1959)

[edit]

James Lindenberg, an American-born Filipino engineer dubbed the "Father of Philippine Television," began assembling transmitters and established Bolinao Electronics Corporation (BEC) on July 11, 1946.[6] The company was named after his wife's hometown of Bolinao, Pangasinan. Three years later, he was the first to apply for a license in the Philippine Congress to establish a television station. On June 14, 1950, his request was granted. Due to the scarcity of raw materials and strict import controls since 1948, he was compelled to branch into radio broadcasting instead.[7]

Lindenberg's attempt to establish a television station failed, though it would soon fall under new management. Antonio Quirino, a judge and brother of then-president of the Philippines Elpidio Quirino, had been trying to get a license from Congress that would allow him to set up a television station. Congress denied him from getting such a license, primarily considered to result from fear that he might use it as a vehicle for propaganda for his brother, who was then running for a second term in the presidential elections of 1953. As a result, Quirino bought a 70% share in BEC,[7] which indirectly granted him control of a television franchise. He changed the name of BEC to Alto Broadcasting System (ABS), after the names of its new owners, Aleli and Judge Antonio Quirino. Lindenberg continued to serve as co-owner and general manager.[7]

Prior to its official launch, the television station encountered multiple challenges. The Central Bank of the Philippines, for instance, refused to grant Quirino dollar credit from the bank, saying that the said venture was too risky. For this reason, Quirino asked for help from his friend Marvin Gray, whose family was a friend of David Sarnoff, then-president of Radio Corporation of America (RCA). Through the intervention of Gray, Quirino was able to get assistance from RCA.

Before the first telecast, Quirino imported 120 television sets using the 60,000 pesos loan, received from the owner of Joe's Electric. In exchange for the loan, Joe's Electric was the first corporation bestowed with the right to sell television sets in the Philippines.[7]

National historical marker installed in 2003 at ABS-CBN's broadcast center in Quezon City commemorating the very first television broadcast by ABS, in 1953

Finally, on October 23, 1953, Quirino marked the first official television broadcast in the Philippines with the launching of ABS' DZAQ-TV Channel 3 (DZAQ-TV 3). With the help of RCA, four men underwent technical training in the United States. These were Arcadio Carandang, Romualdo Carballo, Harry Chaney and Jose Navarro.[7]

The ABS studio was a makeshift barn along Florentino Torres Street in Manila. With the transmitter acquired from RCA, the telecasts were received in neighboring provinces, despite the expectation of transmission only in Manila. Excluding the four engineers who were sent to the US for training, most of the personnel at ABS learned TV operations on the job. The first transmitter for the station was located in San Juan, Rizal.

DZAQ-TV 3 started on a four-hour-a-day schedule, from six to ten in the evening. Although ABS was able to round up 52 advertisers for the premiere telecast, selling spots for regular programming proved to be difficult, since buying radio ad spots were more cost-effective for advertisers than televised ads.

The programs aired at that time were usually borrowed films from foreign embassies, imported cowboy movies, and coverage of a variety of real-world events. When the station ran out of presenting any new features, stage plays were adapted to television. In 1953, less than a month after the first telecast, Father James Reuter SJ, who had radio and television training, produced the first play on Philippine television entitled Cyrano de Bergerac. The three-hour-long play was aired live and all the talents were students.[7]

In the beginning, Philippine TV networks would buy the rights to air mediocre American TV programs and serials since it was cheaper than producing local shows. To entice advertisers, as well as to encourage increased viewership, simultaneous airing of programs on radio and television resorted to promotional gimmicks. Many popular radio shows, including, Tawag ng Tanghalan, Kuwentong Kutsero and Student Canteen, started their life on TV this way.[7]

In 1955, radio manufacturer Radiowealth Inc. began manufacturing television sets. Other local outfits, such as Carlsound and Rehco, also began setting up assembly plants. In 1958, the high taxes imposed on imported television shows were removed, which made American shows less expensive than locally produced live programming. In April 1955, the Chronicle Broadcasting Network (CBN) was established as a radio medium in 1956 by businessmen Eugenio and Fernando Lopez. In the same year, CBN acquired ABS from Quirino, and merged the two companies under Bolinao Electronics Corporation.[7]

With the establishment of DZXL-TV Channel 9 on April 19, 1958, the Lopez brothers controlled the ABS and CBN television channels.

In 1958, the combined ABS (DZAQ-TV Channel 3) and CBN (DZXL-TV Channel 9) television stations moved to their new studios in Roxas Boulevard, Pasay and the ABS radio facilities moved to the Chronicle Building in the Intramuros District of Manila, the headquarters of the CBN Radio studios.

### Rising popularity (1960–1972)

[edit]

At the turn of the next decade, TV sets were in high demand in urban areas.[7] Other VHF TV stations also opened around this period. These include DZTV-TV (established on March 1, 1960, by Inter-Island Broadcasting Corporation (IBC), owned by Dick Baldwin and later Andrés Soriano Sr. of San Miguel Corporation), DZBB-TV (established on October 29, 1961, by Republic Broadcasting System (RBS), owned by Robert Stewart),[8] DZFM-TV (established in 1961 by the Philippine Broadcasting Service of the Philippine government, now defunct),[9] DZRH-TV (established on April 11, 1962, by the Manila Broadcasting Company (MBC), owned by Manuel "Manolo" Elizalde Sr.), DZTM-TV (established in July 1962, by Associated Broadcasting Corporation (ABC), owned by Chino Roces, the publisher of The Manila Times),[10] DZFU-TV (established in August 1962, by FEATI University, now defunct),[10] and DZKB-TV (established on October 15, 1969, by Kanlaon Broadcasting System (KBS), owned by Roberto Benedicto). Among the top-rated programs in the 1960s were The Nida-Nestor Show, Buhay Artista, and Pancho Loves Tita. Another local show that has had a prevailing top rating is Tawag ng Tanghalan, the amateur singing contest hosted by Lopito and Patsy.

BEC's DZAQ-TV Channel 3, following the success of the first-ever locally produced television drama Hiwaga sa Bahay na Bato in 1963, staged in 1963 the first-ever test television broadcasts in color using the NTSC system of the Radio Corporation of America and would begin to broadcast in color in 1966. Channel 3 also beat others when it came to educational television initiatives with a one-hour daily slot in the early years of the decade, with Inter-Island 13 following suit.

On February 1, 1967, the corporate name of BEC was changed to ABS-CBN Broadcasting Corporation (later adapted the name ABS-CBN Corporation in August 2007 the media conglomerate's diversification although the ABS-CBN Broadcasting Corporation name is still used alternatively nowadays on some contexts). Also, during this year, Radiowealth Inc. pioneered the production of 19-, 21- and 25-inch models of color TV sets. Moreover, it was favored by advertisers like Procter and Gamble, the Philippine Refining Company, Colgate-Palmolive, Del Rosario Brothers, and Caltex. That same year in November 14–15, ABS-CBN broadcast a 36-hour marathon coverage of the 1967 Philippine Senate elections under its coverage name Halalan '67.

In 1969, Filipinos witnessed the live television coverage of the Apollo 11 historic Moon landing. It was the first live telecast via satellite in the country. Channels 5, 7, and 13 tied up for this, while ABS-CBN produced its color coverage on DZXL-TV Channel 9 under the name Man on the Moon.[7] On November 14, 1969, DZAQ-TV transferred from Channel 3 to Channel 2, while its sister station DZXL-TV transferred from Channel 9 to Channel 4. On October 15, 1969, Kanlaon Broadcasting System (KBS) launched its television network with DZKB-TV Channel 9, which would broadcast in full color. On November 11, ABS-CBN became the first network to use chroma key in Halalan '69, for the 1969 Philippine Presidential elections, while ABC-5, RBS-7, and IBC-13, once again collaborated for the multi-network coverage with Election '69.

By the late 1960s, news and public affairs programs were pioneered by ABS-CBN and ABC.The Big News (in English) on ABC's DZTM-TV Channel 5, first anchored by Bong Lapira and later, Jose Mari Velez and The World Tonight (in English) on ABS-CBN's DZAQ-TV Channel 2, anchored by Henry Halasan were the first news programs on Philippine television, followed in that same period by NewsWatch (in English) of KBS's DZKB-TV Channel 9 and NewsBreak (in English) on ABS-CBN's DZXL-TV Channel 4 featuring Lapira. ABS-CBN pioneered Filipino language news programming in the primetime slots, with DZAQ-TV Channel 2 having Balita Ngayon, once anchored by Ric Tierro and DZXL-TV Channel 4 having Apat na Sulok ng Daigdig, with Orly Mercado as its first presenter. IBC-13 followed up with Mayor Villegas Reports, co-produced with the Manila city government, and National Television News (in English) featuring future NewsWatch anchor Harry Gasser. MBC's DZRH-TV Channel 11 dominated through late night news programs with The 11th Hour News. In 1969, ABS-CBN debuted This Week's News, the first weekend news broadcast in the nation.

By 1971, the Philippines, through Radiowealth Inc., had become the third country in the world to manufacture color TV sets.[7] By January 1972, the growth of the Philippine television industry was unstoppable. Aside from ABS-CBN's pioneer satellite broadcasts, stations opened up one after the other in many parts of the country beginning in 1961, when DYCB-TV Channel 3, the pioneer provincial television channel, was opened in Cebu City, bringing four hours of locally produced programming with relays of Manila programs.

### Martial law era (1972–1986)

[edit]

When President Ferdinand Marcos declared martial law in September 1972, he ordered the takeover of media firms. Government troops entered radio and television stations and placed them under military control. All media outlets that were critical of the Marcos administration were padlocked and sequestered.

ABS-CBN was seized by the Office of Press Secretary and the National Media Production Center and DZXL-TV Channel 4 was renamed DWGT-TV Channel 4 (PTV-4), the government-owned channel. KBS, IBC, and RBS were later allowed to operate with limited three-month permits. ABS-CBN was seized from the Lopez family and Eugenio Lopez Jr., president of ABS-CBN, was imprisoned. By late 1973, RBS, which was then under blocktimer Philippine Productions, was sold to Felipe Gozon, who was also the lawyer of Robert Stewart, because foreigners were not allowed to own businesses in the Philippines. RBS later changed its name to GMA Radio-Television Arts (now GMA Network), popularly known as GMA-7.[8]

On June 6, 1973, a fire destroyed the KBS television studios (originally, the ABS and CBN television studios) on Roxas Boulevard, Pasay. Benedicto took control of the ABS-CBN broadcast center on Bohol Avenue, Quezon City. ABS-CBN, as a network, ceased operations for the next 14 years, and its studios became the broadcasting center of Benedicto's KBS and the government's GTV. A year later, ABS-CBN's DZAQ-TV Channel 2 would reopen as DWWX-TV Channel 2 under Benedicto's Banahaw Broadcasting Corporation (BBC). In 1976, GTV-4 began color broadcasts.

The Benedicto networks—BBC, KBS, which became Radio Philippines Network (RPN) in 1975, and IBC—served as vehicles of propaganda for the Marcos government while also broadcasting local and overseas entertainment and sports. In 1979, the Benedicto networks moved to the newly built Broadcast City in Diliman, Quezon City. In the same year, Gregorio Cendaña was named Minister of Information. In 1980, GTV-4 was relaunched as Maharlika Broadcasting System (MBS-4).

Initially, the Department of Public Information (later Ministry of Public Information), reviewed everything that was to be aired on radio and TV and set up the rules and regulations. Through other government agencies, policies on ownership, allocation of frequencies, station distribution, and program standards were promulgated. In 1973, the Kapisanan ng mga Brodkaster sa Pilipinas was created, and this agency allowed for self-regulation. A year later, a presidential decree created the Broadcast Media Council.

The 1974 Miss Universe Pageant, the 1975 Muhammad Ali-Joe Frazier heavyweight fight, and the 1981 visit of Pope John Paul II were shown worldwide. When Benigno Aquino was assassinated in 1983, it was a small item on television news. During his historic funeral procession, GMA was allowed only ten seconds of airtime coverage exclusively on the late night news program The 11:30 Report.[7] For most of the late 1970s to the early 1980s, RPN and IBC were the most-watched channels in terms of ratings. However, in the years leading up to the People Power Revolution, GMA – which was the only independent station – managed to beat the Benedicto-owned duopoly and stayed in the position for the next two years.

The martial law era also jump-started the beginnings of satellite broadcasts linking the entire country by ABS-CBN through trial runs, soon followed by RPN and MBS which started simulcasts of programs from Manila to the provinces across the country, followed by GMA and BBC. Cable television also began at this time when the government, through the DPI, created the first true cable television firm, the Benedicto-owned Sining Makulay Inc., in the late 1970s, after years of trials that began in 1969.

In 1984, Imee Marcos, daughter of Ferdinand Marcos, tried to take over the GMA network but she was successfully prevented by GMA executives, Menardo Jimenez and Felipe Gozon. Afterward, GMA founder Robert Stewart decided to move back to the United States and retire following his utter dissatisfaction with the Marcos regime.[7] The resistance of network leadership would trigger the beginning of the end of Marcos's dominance in the television industry, for in the months to come, GMA broke from the pack when it began airing interviews by Benigno's widow, Corazon, in 1985 in the lead up to her presidential campaign and the 1986 snap presidential elections that followed.

In addition, the martial law period also jumpstarted an offshoot of current affairs programming – public service and non-news informative programs. GMA Network's Kapwa Ko, Mahal Ko, launched in the fall of 1975, was the first and longest public service TV program in the Philippines. It helped millions of viewers to be aware of medical issues, especially among the poor and lower middle class. Its success in providing medical care to indigent and poor families, as well as its revelations on the state of health facilities in far-flung communities, led to the creation of the namesake foundation in 1976. This would also begin a new form of Philippine TV programming, that of medical and health-related programs which would inform the public on health matters and on healthy living. This concept helped BBC-2 launch its medical affairs TV program in the early 1980s.

### Restoration and expansion (1986–2007)

[edit]

Philippine Idol

In 1986, in the aftermath of the historic People Power Revolution which ended the 20-year dictatorship of Marcos, the Benedicto networks BBC, RPN, and IBC were sequestered by the Philippine Commission on Good Government (PCGG). BBC was returned to ABS-CBN through an executive order while RPN and IBC were handed over to the Government Communications Group. ABS-CBN would begin both satellite and international broadcasts (the latter a first for a Philippine TV station) in 1989.

During the latter part of the 1980s, as the once insurmountable RPN and IBC suffered from gross mismanagement and financial crisis which took a toll on their ratings, the struggling ABS-CBN surged ahead to be the undisputed number 1 from 1988 onward. GMA, which retained its owners, faced an uphill battle for ratings supremacy as it ended the 1980s as the No. 2 network after a brief stint in the lead, though it did maintain its position as a leading player in the industry.

Yet even as it encountered financial troubles, RPN in 1990 broke ahead as the first Philippine station ever to have 24-hour broadcasts. By then, ABS-CBN enjoyed a significant lead over not just GMA, but also the now-faltering RPN and IBC.

MBS became the New TV-4 on February 24, 1986, during the third day of the EDSA Revolution, given the fact that soldiers loyal to President Corazon Aquino and civilian supporters took over the channel's broadcast facilities, but later officially rebranded as the People's Television Network (PTV) in April 1986, and in 2001, it was relaunched as the National Broadcasting Network (NBN), before renaming back to the People's Television Network in 2011, albeit in its current Visayas Avenue studios (which was opened in 1992).

ABC returned to broadcast on February 21, 1992. On August 9, 2008, ABC became TV5.

IBC became a 100% government-owned station in the 1990s under a compromise agreement between PCGG and Roberto Benedicto, management and marketing were returned to the IBC Board of Directors.

In 1998, ZOE TV was finally launched on channel 11. The channel was blocktimed by GMA Network in 2005 and was relaunched as QTV in November. The channel was again relaunched in February 2011, this time as GMA News TV. The channel was blocktimed by ABS-CBN in 2020 and was relaunched as A2Z in October.

During the middle 1990s to 2000s, many UHF stations were launched such as SBN 21, Studio 23, Net 25, Citynet 27, RJTV 29, CTV 31, UNTV 37, and NBC 41 among others.

Philippine shows began to be exported to other Asian and non-Asian countries. After the international success of Philippine television (with many TV dramas being broadcast to many countries), Eat Bulaga! was the first Philippine variety show to be franchised in another country. Its first franchise is Eat Bulaga! Indonesia.

Cable television was removed as a state responsibility in 1988, in keeping with the 1987 Constitution and the Aquino government policies. In this new atmosphere of privatized cable came what is today the cable firm Sky Cable, created in 1990. 11 years later, Dream Satellite TV began operations as the country's first Direct-broadcast satellite television service, lasting up until 2017.

### Shift to digital (2007–present)

[edit]

Main article: Digital television in the Philippines

In 2007, ABS-CBN Corporation applied for a license from the National Telecommunications Commission to operate a digital terrestrial television service in the country.

In 2008, Sky Cable became the first cable network to adopt digital television, and Cignal, the country's first digital direct-broadcast satellite television service, made its debut in February 2009.

In 2009, ABS-CBN started to test digital transmission using the European DVB-T standard. On July 11, 2009, ABS-CBN launched Balls HD in Sky Cable, the first-ever high-definition television channel in the country. On the same day, Balls also showed the live broadcast of the first-ever locally produced coverage of an event in high-definition.

In 2010, Government-controlled television stations in Manila started to test digital transmission using the Brazilian ISDB-Tb standard. In June 2010, NTC announced that the country would formally adopt the ISDB-Tb standard for digital terrestrial television. In 2011, ABS-CBN started to test ISDB-Tb transmission and released a trial version of its set-top boxes manufactured by American communications equipment supplier Atlanta DTH, Inc. GMA Network, TV5, and other commercial television networks also started their test during this time. However, GMA Network opposed the decision made by NTC and asked NTC to reconsider the European DVB-T for its superior quality.

On February 11, 2015, ABS-CBN Corporation formally launched its ABS-CBN TV Plus service to the public in a ceremony in Quezon City. On October 3, 2015, ABS-CBN became the first national Philippine television network to broadcast in high-definition on cable.

On May 25, 2018, Solar Entertainment Corporation released a DTV product called Easy TV (Philippines) Originally as a mobile TV dongle service, it later distributed digital set-top boxes, as well as freemium digital TV channels until its discontinuation on September 30, 2019.

On July 30, 2018, ABS-CBN TVplus conducted a free trial of the new set of freemium channels using UHF Channel 16 (485.143 MHz). It includes cable channels from sister company Creative Programs: O Shopping (also aired as overnight programming for ABS-CBN), Jeepney TV, and Myx (which previously had a complimentary channel Myx2 before TVplus launched in 2015). Also included in the lineup are two new exclusive digital channels, Asianovela Channel and Movie Central. Initially, the five new channels will be beamed from Metro Manila, Metro Cebu, and Cagayan de Oro, with plans to extend its coverage to existing ABS-CBN DTV stations.

On June 1, 2019, ABS-CBN launched a digital TV dongle called ABS-CBN TVplus Go for Android smartphones. It was initially available in Metro Manila, Cavite, Laguna, Rizal, Bulacan, Pampanga, Benguet, Tarlac, Pangasinan, Nueva Ecija, Batangas, Iloilo, Bacolod, Metro Cebu, Cagayan de Oro and Metro Davao.

On May 5, 2020, ABS-CBN TVplus was affected by the cease-and-desist order (CDO) issued by the National Telecommunications Commission (NTC) and Solicitor General Jose Calida due to the expiration of ABS-CBN's franchise. ABS-CBN's main channel and S+A ceased broadcasting, as well as the regional digital stations operated by ABS-CBN. Some TVplus channels resumed broadcasting on May 8, but in a limited coverage (Metro Manila, Laguna province, Iloilo province, and selected areas of Baguio) through a blocktime agreement with an unnamed third-party broadcast company. On June 1, 2020, Jeepney TV and Asianovela Channel resumed broadcasting and took over the channel spaces of ABS-CBN and S+A respectively.

On June 26, 2020, GMA Network launched its digital set-top box service, GMA Affordabox to the public.

On June 30, 2020, all the digital channels of ABS-CBN TVplus stopped operations due to the alias cease-and-desist order (ACDO) issued by the National Telecommunications Commission, until it was resumed in 2021 as Digital TV Receiver.[citation needed]

On September 10, 2021, TV5 Network Inc. launched its digital set-top box service, Sulit TV to the public.

## Programs

[edit]

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### Weekdays

[edit]

While TV programs vary from station to station, some generalizations can be made. Most commercial television stations sign on between the hours of 4:00a.m. to 6:00a.m. every morning. Early morning hours are dominated by breakfast and news programs, and these run from around 8:00 to 8:30a.m. They are then followed by acquired cartoon or anime programming that targets children, and later programs movie blocks which airs blockbuster films whether foreign or Filipino made films. Some television stations air morning talk shows. GMA airs a mid-morning variety noontime show at 11:00 am, while TV5 airs mid-morning teleseryes at 11:15 am from June 10, 2024 to April 11, 2025. These run until 12 noon and they start airing noontime shows. These run until 2:30 pm which is followed by afternoon teleseryes or movie blocks in some TV stations.

At 5:10 pm (for GMA) regional newscasts start to air for around 30 minutes. And after airing regional newscasts, they air either an afternoon game/variety show or Korean dramas. At 6:30p.m. and/or 4:00p.m. (formerly 6pm) flagship newscasts like Ulat Bayan, TV Patrol, 24 Oras, Tutok 13 and Frontline Pilipinas start airing to deliver latest updates for 90 minutes (formerly 60 minutes), these run until 8:00p.m. After which, they start airing primetime teleseryes which run until 10:20 p.m (for GMA every Mon-Thurs and 9:35pm for Fri with delayed telecast on GTV weeknights at 9:40pm to 11:05pm and 11:25pm to 12:10pm for Mon-Thurs) and 9:30pm (for Kapamilya Channel/A2Z with delayed telecast on Jeepney TV weeknights at 10:15pm to 12pm).

At 7:30 pm, TV5 starts airing teleseryes until 10:45pm, with delayed telecast on Sari-Sari Channel weeknights at 8:00pm to 8:30pm. Formerly, stations aired weekly primetime programs whether comedy, drama or horror as well as foreign series, cartoons and animes. They air between 8:00pm and 11:00pm (previously from 7:00pm or 7:30pm onwards). The usage was stopped sometime between August 28, 2006 (for ABS-CBN) and April 12, 2010 (for GMA) due to the competition for higher ratings in primetime. From the 1990s to 2001, they air weekly foreign cartoons and animes like Pokémon (GMA/9TV/GMA News TV/GTV); The Simpsons (ABS-CBN/RPN), Dragon Ball (RPN/GMA/Q/GTV); The Real Ghostbusters (ABS-CBN/RPN), Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (IBC/ABS-CBN/GMA/RPN/Yey!), Batman: The Animated Series (ABS-CBN), Beast Wars: Transformers (ABS-CBN/Yey!), Digimon (ABS-CBN/Hero/Studio 23/Yey!) which they air on their evening timeslots and were targeted to children 12 years old and below.

Around 10:45pm, 11 p.m. or 11:30pm, they start to air late-night newscasts which airs for 30 to 45 minutes. Formerly, they aired weekly current/public affairs programs after late-night newscasts, but now these only air during weekends, they were then replaced by K-dramas or religious programs. During 2000s to 2010s they aired late-night programs like Walang Tulugan with the Master Showman (GMA); The Medyo Late Night Show with Jojo A. (RJTV/Q/TV5/GMA/PTV); Games Uplate Live, Music Uplate Live, O Shopping (ABS-CBN) which air from around 12:00am to 2:00am

### Weekends

[edit]

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Weekend programming differs from weekday programming. They start signing on from around 5:00am to 6:00am, depending on the network. They air medical programs at 6am (like Pinoy M.D. on GMA at 6:30am, Health @ Home on PTV at 7 am Dok True Ba? on IBC at 8 am) on Saturdays and air Sunday Mass for Sundays. Around 7 am, they air educational programs targeting children. Later they start airing cartoons or anime that targets children. After that they air movie blocks from around 11:30am (for Eat Bulaga! on TV5 and RPTV) and 12:00am (for It's Showtime on Kapamilya Channel, A2Z, GMA and All TV) (every Saturday) and 12:00am (every Sunday). They start to air noontime shows and noontime newscasts (like Sentro Balita Weekend on PTV). For Sunday it is different than the weeklong variety shows. They air musical variety shows reserved for only Sundays.

After airing noontime shows, they air either a movie block or an original series (like Sunday Blockbusters on Kapamilya Channel and A2Z at 2:15pm, Cine Cinco Astig Sunday on TV5 at 3:15pm, FPJ sa GMA on GMA at 3:15pm, Sine Date Weekends at 12pm and Afternoon Movie Break at 2pm on GTV and Sunday Combo Panalo on RPTV at 11:30am).

During the afternoon, they air current/public affairs programs and switch to weekend newscasts that formerly airs around midnight (like TV Patrol Weekend on Kapamilya Channel, A2Z, ANC, DZMM TeleRadyo, PRTV Prime Media and All TV, Ulat Bayan Weekend on PTV, Frontline Pilipinas Weekend on TV5, One PH and RPTV (sometimes as a delayed telecast), 24 Oras Weekend on GMA and GTV). Comedy Programs are aired at around 6:00pm and by 7:00pm, reality programs, and sometimes acquired game shows, are aired.

By 8:00pm or 9:00pm, they start to air anthology programs on Saturdays, and public service programs (like Kapatid Mo Idol Raffy Tulfo on TV5 at 6:15pm and One PH at 8pm) and news magazine-type programs (like Kapuso Mo, Jessica Soho on GMA at 8:15pm and GTV at 9:25pm) on Sundays. Current/Public affairs programs start to air around 10:00pm until midnight.

### Drama

[edit]

Main article: Philippine television drama

Teleseryes are a staple and popular genre on Philippine television, typically broadcast on weekdays. All major TV networks in the Philippines produce a variety of drama series, including genres such as romance, comedy, horror, fantasy, and more.

### Fantaserye and telefantasya

[edit]

Main article: Fantaserye and telefantasya

Fantaserye and telefantasya are genres of Philippine television programming that blend elements of soap opera, telenovela, fantasy, myth, magic, and enchantment. The episodes are typically 30 minutes long and are broadcast daily during the evening primetime slot. Popular fantaseryes include Marina, while notable telefantasyas include Encantadia.

### Sitcoms

[edit]

Sitcoms are popular on Philippine television, typically aired on weekends, although they were formerly broadcast on weeknights. Notable sitcoms include Palibhasa Lalake (ABS-CBN's first sitcom after its re-opening in 1986), Pepito Manaloto (GMA's longest-running sitcom), Iskul Bukol (IBC's longest-running sitcom), O, Mare Ko (QTV's first sitcom after its launch in 2005), and Everybody Hapi (TV5's first sitcom after its rebrand).

### Variety shows

[edit]

Main article: Philippine noontime variety television shows

Since 1958, network television programs in the Philippines have featured variety shows as staples at the midday hour. The popularity of bodabil (vaudeville) in the first half of the 20th century had an impact on the earliest noontime variety television shows in the Philippines. Since then, the format has changed to reflect the times, adding aspects of reality television in the 2000s. The majority of noontime variety shows on television are independently produced by blocktimers, who pay television networks a certain length of time to screen their show. However, a few TV networks have succeeded in producing only these kinds of shows, with varying degrees of success in terms of viewership and ad income.

Most of the variety shows air around noontime slot. Willing Willie was the first variety show that aired primetime, airing against TV Patrol of ABS-CBN and 24 Oras of GMA. It was a variety show that aired in primetime after the main host Willie Revillame left ABS-CBN, causing the end of Wowowee which airs at noontime slot.

## Free-to-air television networks

[edit]

### Major television networks

[edit]

* A2Z: On October 6, 2020, ABS-CBN entered an blocktime agreement with ZOE Broadcasting Network that rebranded ZOE TV into A2Z on October 10. Both media networks entered an airtime leasing on May 30, 2022.[11] The channel was available in Metro Manila and nearby provinces, and other cable and satellite providers including ABS-CBN's Sky Cable. The channel's programming included some of the ABS-CBN programs and movies and its other sister television networks, as well as feature content from ZOE TV's sister station Light TV and its content partners CBN Asia and Trinity Broadcasting Network.
* GMA Network: Launched on October 29, 1961, by American journalist Robert Stewart under the name Republic Broadcasting System (RBS), it was the fourth television station launched in the Philippines. The network was shut down on September 23, 1972 due to martial law but returned in December of the same year after it was allowed by the government. In 1974, RBS changed its name to GMA Radio-Television Arts after the takeover by the new management by the triumvirate composed of Gilberto Duavit Sr., Menardo Jimenez, and Felipe Gozon. It eventually became one of the top stations in the country. The network was rebranded as GMA Rainbow Satellite Network in 1992 before it adopted its current name GMA Network in 1995.
* GTV: is a Philippine free-to-air television network owned and operated by Citynet Network Marketing and Productions Inc. It was launched on February 22, 2021, replacing GMA News TV on its flagship station, UHF Channel 27 Metro Manila, and its provincial relay stations.
* RPTV: is a Philippine free-to-air television channel operated by TV5 Network, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of MediaQuest Holdings, Inc. media arm of PLDT Beneficial Trust Fund; on behalf of Nine Media Corporation, the controlling owner of Radio Philippines Network (RPN), a subsidiary of the ALC Group of Companies. It was launched on February 1, 2024, replacing CNN Philippines on its flagship station.
* TV5: Launched in July 1962,[10] by Chino Roces of The Manila Times as ABC, it was the seventh television station launched in the Philippines. On September 23, 1972, ABC was one of the networks forcefully shut down by then-President Ferdinand Marcos due to the implementation of martial law. On February 21, 1992, ABC returned to television and became the fastest-growing network. On August 9, 2008, the network was relaunched as TV5. The network is currently owned by PLDT's media arm, MediaQuest Holdings of Manny V. Pangilinan.

### Government-owned television networks

[edit]

* Intercontinental Broadcasting Corporation (IBC): is a Philippine-based media company and VHF television network of the Government Communications Group under the Presidential Communications Office (PCO). IBC, along with sister stations Radio Philippines Network and sister media companies People's Television Network and Philippine Broadcasting Service, forms the media arm of the PCO. Its studios, offices, and broadcast facilities are located at the IBC Compound, Lot 3-B, Capitol Hills Drive cor. Zuzuarregui Street, Barangay Matandang Balara, Diliman, Quezon City.
* People's Television Network (PTV): is the flagship state broadcaster owned by the Government of the Philippines. Founded on February 2, 1974, by Lito Gorospe and Francisco Tatad, PTV is the main brand of People's Television Network, Inc. (PTNI), one of the attached agencies under the Presidential Communications Office (PCO). PTV, along with sister media companies Radio Philippines Network (minority-owned) and Intercontinental Broadcasting Corporation, and radio network Philippine Broadcasting Service, forms the media arm of the PCO. Its head office, studios, and transmitter are located at Broadcast Complex, Visayas Avenue, Barangay Vasra, Diliman, Quezon City.
* Radio Philippines Network (RPN) (20% minority share; currently carries RPTV): is a Filipino-based media company based in Quezon City. It is the flagship media property of Nine Media Corporation of the ALC Group of Companies; along with the Government Communications Group under the Presidential Communications Office (PCO), and Far East Managers and Investors Inc., owned by the family of company founder Roberto Benedicto under the name Kanlaon Broadcasting System (KBS), among others, as major shareholders. RPN, along with sister stations Intercontinental Broadcasting Corporation and sister media companies People's Television Network and Philippine Broadcasting Service, forms the media arm of the PCO. The network's main offices and transmitter are located at RPN Compound, Panay Avenue, Brgy. South Triangle, Diliman also in Quezon City.

### Minor television networks

[edit]

* Aliw Channel 23: is a Philippine television network owned and operated by Aliw Broadcasting Corporation. The network broadcasts on UHF Channel 23 via digital terrestrial television in Metro Manila.
* All TV: is a TV station owned and operated by Advanced Media Broadcasting System of businessman and former senator Manny Villar. Its broadcast facilities and studios are located at the Starmalls EDSA Complex, EDSA corner Shaw Boulevard, Mandaluyong City.[12]
* BEAM TV: is a telecommunications company in the Philippines with a primary focus on UHF broadcasting and digital terrestrial television for the convergence of multimedia.[13] It is owned by Bethlehem Holdings, Inc., a media investment company of Globe Telecom through its Retirement Fund group.[14]
* Net 25: is a television network owned and operated by Eagle Broadcasting Corporation (EBC). EBC is owned by the key members of the independent Christian church, the Iglesia ni Cristo. The network is named for its flagship station in Metro Manila, DZEC-DTV, which is carried on UHF channel 28 on digital terrestrial TV and has carried by major cable operators in the country. The station's broadcast facilities are located at EBC Building #25 Central Ave., Barangay Culiat, New Era, Quezon City.
* RJTV: is a Philippine television and radio network owned by guitarist-singer-businessman Ramon "RJ" Jacinto. The network's studio headquarters is located at Ventures I Bldg., Makati Ave. cor. Gen. Luna St., Makati.
* Southern Broadcasting Network (SBN) (currently carries SolarFlix): is a Filipino-owned media company based radio and television network based in Metro Manila. SBN is a subsidiary of Solar Entertainment Corporation, a Filipino-owned television company managed by the Tieng family.
* UNTV: is the flagship television network of the Progressive Broadcasting Corporation (known on air as UNTV-PBC). Together with Breakthrough and Milestones Productions International (known on air as UNTV-BMPI), the network's content provider and marketing arm and Christian religious organization Members Church of God International (MCGI), its major blocktimer. DWAO-TV is one of very few NTSC-System M stations in the world that broadcast on Ultra High Frequency (UHF) Channel 37. In 2019, UNTV transferred its studios from the old UNTV Building at 907 EDSA Quezon City to La Verdad Christian College (LVCC) Caloocan Building, 351 EDSA, Brgy. Bagong Barrio West, Caloocan. UNTV transmitter is located at Emerald Hills, Sumulong Highway in Antipolo, Rizal. The 16-storey UNTV Broadcast Center, also referred to as The Millennial Tower and now called The Philippine Broadcast Hub along EDSA Philam is currently under construction to serve as its new headquarters.

### Specialty channels

[edit]

* Bilyonaryo News Channel
* Blast Sports
* Congress TV
* D8TV
* DWAN TV
* DWIZ News TV
* DZMM TeleRadyo: is a Philippine pay television channel owned by Media Serbisyo Production Corporation, a joint venture between Prime Media Holdings (through subsidiary Philippine Collective Media Corporation) and ABS-CBN Corporation, with ABS-CBN News as its main content provider, then-launched on June 30, 2023 as TeleRadyo Serbisyo, coinciding with DWPM Radyo 630 (now DZMM Radyo Patrol 630) under the joint venture of Prime Media and ABS-CBN. On May 29, 2025, the channel discontinued the TeleRadyo Serbisyo branding after finishing the TV Patrol simulcast, and returned to being DZMM TeleRadyo at the same time with its radio counterpart at 8:00 PM, bringing back the iconic brand after 5 years of inactivity.[15][16]
* DZRH News Television
* Golden Nation Network
* Heart of Asia Channel: known on-air as Heart of Asia, is a Philippine free-to-air television channel owned by GMA Network Inc. The channel was on test broadcast from June 12–28, 2020;[17] and was officially launched on June 29, 2020.[18]
* I Heart Movies: is a Philippine free-to-air television channel owned by GMA Network Inc. The channel was on test broadcast from March 22, 2021, until March 31, 2021, and was officially launched on April 5, 2021.[19][20][21]
* Knowledge Channel
* One Sports: is a television station of TV5 Network Inc. with Nation Broadcasting Corporation (NBC) as its primary content provider and was launched on March 8, 2020. One Sports serves as a sports channel for The 5 Network with its programs primarily produced by its sports division of the same name. It was formerly called 5 Plus, when it was launched on January 13, 2019, and AksyonTV, a Filipino-language news channel launched by TV5 in 2011–2019.
* PRTV Prime Media
* PTV Sports Network
* Radyo Bandido TV
* RJ Rock Of Manila TV
* Shop TV
* Solar Learning
* Solar Sports

### Religious television networks

[edit]

* Hope Channel Philippines (Seventh-day Adventist Church, Gateway UHF Television Broadcasting) is a religious network of the Seventh-day Adventist Church in the Philippines. Its TV stations are owned by Gateway UHF Television Broadcasting, while its radio stations are owned by Digital Broadcasting Corporation.[22] Founded and launched on September 26, 2010, in the South Philippines (its main service broadcast provider),[23] and in January 2011 in Luzon and Visayas.[24][25]
* INC TV (Christian Era Broadcasting Service International) is the flagship UHF television station of Christian Era Broadcasting Service International, a broadcast ministry of the independent Philippine Christian church,[26] the Iglesia ni Cristo. INC TV studios and transmitters are located at Redeemer Street, Milton Hills Subdivision, Brgy. New Era, Quezon City.
* Light TV (Jesus Is Lord Church) is a UHF digital television station of ZOE Broadcasting Network. DZOZ-DTV studios are located on the 22nd Floor, Strata 2000 Bldg., Emerald Ave., Ortigas Center, Pasig. Its transmitter is located at ZOE Compound Center, Crestview Heights Subdivision, Barangay San Roque, Antipolo, Rizal.
* Truth Channel (formerly known as Ang Dating Daan Television or ADDTV) is a Philippine religious television network founded in 2014 as ADDTV and then launched on September 3, 2017, as Truth Channel. It is the flagship television network of the Members Church of God International (MCGI), together with UNTV News and Rescue, the network's carrier on free-to-air digital terrestrial television (DTT). It is known for its broadcast of Itanong mo kay Soriano and Ang Dating Daan hosted by International Televangelist Bro. Eli Soriano and Kuya Daniel Razon. It broadcasts 24 hours a day on Ultra High Frequency (UHF) Channel 38 in Metro and Mega Manila, Rizal, Bulacan, Pampanga, Laguna, Cavite, and some parts of Tarlac. The Ang Dating Daan program also hold the longest running religious program in the Philippines since 1983 when the program made its national television debut on IBC Channel 13.
* TV Maria: is a national Catholic television channel broadcasting from Manila, Philippines. Owned by TV Maria Foundation Philippines (a non-profit, non-stock organization under the Catholic Bishops' Conference of the Philippines and the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Manila), it airs 24 hours a day and is currently available on major and provincial cable operators, on digital terrestrial television broadcasts via RJ Digital TV's DTT subchannel in Mega Manila and GNN's DTT subchannel.

### Regional television networks

[edit]

* Bandera News TV (Palawan)
* Bee TV (Butuan)
* Brigada News TV (General Santos)
* Brodkast Southern Luzon (CALABARZON)
* CCTN (Cebu)
* CLTV (Central Luzon)
* Davao Christian Bible Channel (Davao)
* eMedia TV (Zamboanga)
* GBPI (Zamboanga)
* Infomax TV (Pampanga)
* Jao TV (Cagayan de Oro)
* Manila News Channel (Metro Manila)
* PBC (Palawan)
* PRTV (Tacloban)
* Ranao TV (Marawi)
* Tirad Pass Network (Candon)
* TV48 (Nueva Ecija)
* UBC Global Media Ministries Incorporated (Pampanga)

### Defunct/Inactive television network(s)

[edit]

* 2nd Avenue
* 3ABN
* 5 Plus
* 9TV
* ABC 47
* ABS-CBN: Before its shutdown, ABS-CBN was the first, oldest, and largest television network in the country and it is owned and controlled by the Lopez Group of Companies. The network was launched on October 23, 1953, as Alto Broadcasting System (ABS) on DZAQ-TV Channel 3 by Antonio Quirino and James Lindenberg. ABS was soon acquired by the owner of Chronicle Broadcasting Network (CBN), Don Eugenio Lopez Sr. on February 24, 1957, with CBN launching its TV station on DZXL-TV Channel 9 a year later. In 1961, ABS and CBN merged to form ABS-CBN and became the Philippines' largest network. On May 5, 2020, the network was ordered to stop broadcasting by the National Telecommunications Commission after its franchise expired. On July 10, 2020, the Philippine Congress rejected its franchise renewal due to alleged violations in their franchise and other legal issues such as failure to regularize employees,[27] using pay-per-view channels in the free-to-air franchise,[28] and alleged political meddling and bias during 2016 elections.[29][30] Before this, President Rodrigo Duterte himself accused ABS-CBN of allegedly being biased against his administration and vowed to block the renewal of their franchise. Critics of his administration, human rights groups, and several media unions said that the shutdown of ABS-CBN is an attack on press freedom and democracy in the country.[31][32] The network operations were also stopped by then-President Ferdinand Marcos on September 23, 1972, when he declared martial law until its return on the airwaves on September 14, 1986 (a few months after the ousting of Marcos during the People Power Revolution).[31]
* ABS-CBN Regional Channel
* ABS-CBN Sports and Action
* AksyonTV
* AKTV
* Aniplus Asia
* Asianovela Channel
* ATC @ IBC
* BBC/City2
* BTV
* Balls
* Basketball TV
* Boo
* C/S
* C/S 9
* Catsup
* CgeTV
* Channel V Philippines
* Chase
* Cine Mo!
* Citynet Television
* CNBC Asia
* CNN Philippines: was a free-to-air, commercial broadcast, cable and satellite television network in the Philippines. It is owned and operated by Nine Media Corporation, together with Radio Philippines Network (RPN) as the main content provider, under license from Warner Bros. Discovery. CNN Philippines was launched on March 16, 2015.[33] CNN Philippines is the fifth local franchise of CNN in Asia, after CNN Indonesia, CNN Türk, CNN Arabic, and CNN-IBN (now CNN-News18 in India).
* CT
* CTV 31
* Daystar TV
* DBS 35
* DepEd TV
* E! Philippines
* eGG Network
* Entertainment Music Channel
* ETC
* ETV 39
* EZ Shop
* Fox Filipino
* FUBC
* GCTV
* GEM TV
* Global News Network
* GMA News TV
* Gone Viral TV
* Hallypop
* Hero
* History Channel
* Hope Channel International
* Inquirer 990 Television
* Intervision 68
* Island Living Channel
* Jack City
* Jack TV
* Jeepney TV
* K Movies Pinoy
* K-Plus
* Kapamilya Box Office
* Kermit Channel
* Life TV
* Liga
* Living Asia Channel
* Maxxx
* MBC 11
* MBN 43
* MMDA TV
* Movie Central
* MTV (Philippines, 1992-2010)
* MTV (Philippines, 2014-2017)
* MTV (Philippines, 2017-2019)
* My Movie Channel
* MYX
* NBA Premium TV
* O Shopping
* One Media Network
* One PH
* Oras Ng Himala Channel
* Outdoor Channel
* PBN (Bicol)
* PCO TV
* PIE Channel
* Pilipinas HD
* Pinoy Hits: was a Filipino digital television channel owned by GMA Network Inc. The channel conducted a test broadcast on January 2, 2023, and officially launched on January 16.
* PinoyHowTo
* Pop Life TV
* QTV/Q
* RBU 38 (Pampanga)
* RMN TV: was a television station owned and operated by Radio Mindanao Network in Cagayan de Oro. Its studios and transmitter were located at RMN Broadcast Center (Canoy Bldg.), Don Apolinario Velez St., Cagayan de Oro.
* RTVMalacañang
* S+A: was a free-to-air television network based in Quezon City. It was owned by ABS-CBN Corporation with some of its programs produced and licensed by ABS-CBN Sports
* Salaam TV: was a Philippine government-owned Islamic channel owned by the Presidential Communications Office through the People's Television Network (PTV). The channel's main programming is solely focused on Filipino Muslims and other Islamic communities in the Philippines.
* Shop Japan
* SMNI: was a news and public affairs television network based in Makati City. It is owned and operated by Swara Sug Media Corporation, the parent company of Sonshine Media Network International, a religious broadcasting arm of the Kingdom of Jesus Christ (KJC) led by Filipino televangelist and church leader pastor Apollo Quiboloy.[34]
* SMNI News Channel
* Social TV
* Solar News Channel
* Solar TV
* Studio 23
* SBC (Zambales)
* Tag
* Talk TV
* The Game Channel
* TBN Philippines
* TeleAsia
* Telenovela Channel
* TV Shop Philippines
* Ultravision 25
* UniversiTV
* Velvet
* Vintage Television
* Viva TV
* Yey!
* Zee Sine
* ZooMoo

## See also

[edit]

* Digital terrestrial television in the Philippines
* List of analog television stations in the Philippines
* List of digital television stations in the Philippines
* Subscription television in the Philippines
* Radio in the Philippines
* Mass media in the Philippines

## References

[edit]

* The text in this article was copied from History of The Philippine Television at the Pinoy TV Radio wiki, which is released under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 (Unported) (CC-BY-SA 3.0) license.

1. ^ Anngela P. Eusebio, Maria (October 17, 2019). "History of Radio and Television in the Philippines". Archived from the original on May 19, 2025. Retrieved July 29, 2025.
2. ^ "Philippine Television Awards". Pelikula, Atbp. April 27, 2009. Archived from the original on January 27, 2018. Retrieved September 12, 2014.
3. ^ "25 years, and nothing to show?". in my mind's eye. November 21, 2006. Archived from the original on January 27, 2018. Retrieved September 12, 2014.
4. ^ Tanoy, Amy (2009). "Presentation 4: The Future of Public Broadcasting in the Philippines". Japan Media Communication Center. Archived from the original on December 9, 2023. Retrieved January 22, 2020.
5. ^ cmfr (July 12, 2016). "Public Service Broadcasting: Will It Work in the Philippines?". Center for Media Freedom & Responsibility. Archived from the original on June 5, 2023. Retrieved January 22, 2020.
6. ^ "ABS-CBN Corporation - Company Information". PSE Edge. Philippine Stock Exchange. Archived from the original on June 14, 2024. Retrieved June 16, 2024.
7. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Geocities: The Philippine TV History. Accessed January 23, 2009.
8. ^ a b GMA Network History Archived October 28, 2008, at the Wayback Machine. Accessed January 23, 2009.
9. ^ "What's the story, pinoy tv?". geocities.com. Archived from the original on October 26, 2009. Retrieved January 17, 2022.
10. ^ a b c "International TV Directory". Television Factbook (PDF). Television Digest, Inc. 1970. p. 1056\. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 9, 2021. Retrieved May 14, 2024.
11. ^ "ABS-CBN shows, movies return to free tv via Zoe deal". ABS-CBN News. October 6, 2020. Archived from the original on October 6, 2020. Retrieved October 6, 2020.
12. ^ "Villar's ALLTV signs on". manilatimes.net. September 13, 2022. Archived from the original on September 13, 2022. Retrieved September 15, 2022.
13. ^ BEAM Inc. Profile on LinkedIn
14. ^ Lectura, Lenie (February 18, 2009). "Globe buys into two broadcast firms". BusinessMirror. Retrieved February 27, 2021 - via ABS-CBN News and Current Affairs.
15. ^ Baizas, Gaby (May 29, 2025). "DZMM, Teleradyo return after 2 years". Rappler. Retrieved May 29, 2025.
16. ^ Krishnan, Ganiel (May 29, 2025). "DZMM Radyo Patrol 630 returns on air". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved May 29, 2025.
17. ^ "Advisory for Digital TV Box users: Mag-rescan na sa June 12!". GMA Network on YouTube. June 7, 2020. Archived from the original on November 12, 2022. Retrieved June 10, 2020.
18. ^ "New digital channel 'Heart of Asia' launched". Manila Standard. June 30, 2020. Archived from the original on August 9, 2022. Retrieved July 17, 2020.
19. ^ Ruiz, Marah (March 22, 2021). "Experience all the feels sa digital movie channel na 'I Heart Movies'". GMA Network. Retrieved March 22, 2021.
20. ^ "GMA Network launches newest digital channel "I Heart Movies"". GMA Network. March 29, 2021. Retrieved March 29, 2021.
21. ^ Viernes, Franchesca (March 29, 2021). "Watch your favorite local, international movies for free on 'I Heart Movies' digital channel". GMA Network. Archived from the original on April 20, 2022. Retrieved September 6, 2022.
22. ^ "Republic Act No. 8689". Archived from the original on August 16, 2024. Retrieved April 28, 2022.
23. ^ "Hope Channel Philippines – Mindanao".
24. ^ "Hope Channel Philippines – Mindanao".
25. ^ "Orbe Bares Plan to Launch HOPE Channel in Luzon | North Philippine Union Conference". Archived from the original on May 5, 2012. Retrieved May 29, 2012.
26. ^ Bevans, Stephen B.; Schroeder, Roger G. (2004). Constants in Context: A Theology of Mission for Today (American Society of Missiology Series). Orbis Books. p. 269\. ISBN 1-57075-517-5.
27. ^ "Statement on ABS-CBN | Department of Labor and Employment". www.dole.gov.ph. Retrieved August 5, 2020.
28. ^ Cervantes, Filane Mikee. "ABS-CBN didn't comply with franchise terms, laws: House leader". Philippine News Agency. Archived from the original on June 11, 2020. Retrieved August 5, 2020.
29. ^ Mercado, Neil Arwin (July 6, 2020). "House panels tackle ABS-CBN's alleged 'political bias'". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved August 5, 2020.
30. ^ "'ABS-CBN not perfect,' network exec admits". The Manila Times. July 7, 2020. Archived from the original on August 31, 2020. Retrieved August 5, 2020.
31. ^ a b Gutierrez, Jason (July 10, 2020). "Philippine Congress officially shuts down leading broadcaster". The New York Times. Archived from the original on August 29, 2020. Retrieved July 16, 2020.
32. ^ "World Broadcasting Unions appeals to Duterte to reconsider ABS-CBN franchise renewal". PhilStar. July 23, 2020. Archived from the original on September 15, 2020. Retrieved August 22, 2020.
33. ^ Abadilla, Emmie (October 15, 2014). "RPN rebranded as CNN Philippines". Manila Bulletin. Archived from the original on February 12, 2015. Retrieved February 12, 2015.
34. ^ "SMNI News Sonshine Media Network International". SMNI News. Retrieved May 15, 2021.

* v
* t
* e

Television in the Philippines

Free-to-air
television
networks|

| Major|

| GMA Network|

* GMA
* GTV
* Heart of Asia
* I Heart Movies

|

TV5 Network|

* TV5
* RPTV
* One Sports

State media
(PCO)|

* PTNI
* PTV
* Radyo Pilipinas - Radyo Publiko
* PTV Sports Network
* IBC
* Congress TV
* DWAN TV

Minor|

| BEAM|

* Bilyonaryo News Channel
* Blast Sports
* D8TV
* PRTV Prime Media
* Knowledge Channel (under blocktime agreement)

|

EBC/CEBSI|

* Net 25
* INC TV

PBC|

* UNTV
* Truth Channel

Rajah|

* RJTV
* Timeless TV
* Radyo Bandido TV
* Rock MNL
* TV Maria

SBN/Solar|

* SolarFlix
* Solar Learning
* Solar Sports
* Shop TV

ZOE|

* A2Z
* Light TV

Others|

* Aliw
* Aliw Channel 23
* DWIZ News TV
* AMBS
* All TV
* MBC
* DZRH News Television
* PCMC
* DZMM TeleRadyo
* PRTV Prime Media
* RPN/Nine Media
* RPTV
* CCTN
* DBS
* Golden Nation Network
* Hope Channel Philippines

Regional|

* Bandera News TV
* Bee TV
* Brigada TV
* CLTV
* eMedia
* GBPI
* Infomax TV
* PBC
* PBN
* PRTV
* SBC

Defunct|

* 2nd Avenue
* 3ABN
* 5 Plus
* 9TV
* ABS-CBN
* AksyonTV
* AKTV
* Asianovela Channel
* ATC@IBC
* BBC
* Basketball TV
* Catsup
* Channel [V] Philippines
* Chase
* Cine Mo!
* Citynet
* CNN Philippines
* CT
* CTV
* Daystar TV
* DepEd TV
* E! Philippines
* eGG Network
* EMC
* ETC
* EZ Shop
* FUBC
* GCTV
* Global News Network
* GMA News TV
* Hallypop
* Hope International
* Inquirer 990 Television
* Island Living Channel
* Jack City
* Jack TV
* Jeepney TV
* Kapamilya Box Office
* Life TV
* Living Asia Channel
* Movie Central
* MTVph
* MTV Philippines
* Myx
* NBA Premium TV
* O Shopping
* One Media Network
* One PH
* Oras ng Himala Channel
* Pop Life TV
* PIE
* Pilipinas HD
* Pinoy Hits
* PinoyHowTo
* Q
* RTVMalacañang
* S+A
* Salaam TV
* Shop Japan
* SocialTV
* SMNI
* SMNI News Channel
* Solar News Channel
* Solar TV
* Studio 23
* Talk TV
* Telenovela Channel
* TBN Philippines
* TV Shop Philippines
* UltraVision 25
* Vintage Television
* Yey!

Awards and events|

* GMMSF Box Office Entertainment Awards (1971)
* PMPC Star Awards (1987)
* ENPRESS Golden Screen TV (2004)

Lists|

* List of television stations
* Analog
* Digital
* List of years in Philippine television
* List of Philippine drama series
* List of Philippine television shows

* v
* t
* e

Television in Asia

Sovereign states|

* Afghanistan
* Armenia
* Azerbaijan
* Bahrain
* Bangladesh
* Bhutan
* Brunei
* Cambodia
* China
* Cyprus
* Egypt
* Georgia
* India
* Indonesia
* Iran
* Iraq
* Israel
* Japan
* Jordan
* Kazakhstan
* North Korea
* South Korea
* Kuwait
* Kyrgyzstan
* Laos
* Lebanon
* Malaysia
* Maldives
* Mongolia
* Myanmar
* Nepal
* Oman
* Pakistan
* Philippines
* Qatar
* Russia
* Saudi Arabia
* Singapore
* Sri Lanka
* Syria
* Tajikistan
* Thailand
* Timor-Leste (East Timor)
* Turkey
* Turkmenistan
* United Arab Emirates
* Uzbekistan
* Vietnam
* Yemen

States with
limited recognition|

* Abkhazia
* Northern Cyprus
* Palestine
* South Ossetia
* Taiwan

Dependencies and
other territories|

* British Indian Ocean Territory
* Christmas Island
* Cocos (Keeling) Islands
* Hong Kong
* Macau

* Category
* Asia portal

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