Terrorism in Greece

Multiple terrorist attacks have occurred in Greece.

## Banned terrorist organizations

[edit]

### Nihilist Faction

[edit]

The Nihilist Faction (Greek: Φράξια Μηδενιστών, romanized: Fraxia Midheniston) was a nihilist anarchist organization in Greece, which claimed responsibility for a 28 May 1996 bombing of IBM offices in Athens. The attack caused extensive structural damage but no injuries.[1] The group was responsible for other attacks, primarily arson and fire bombing. The group was founded c. 1996.[2]

### Revolutionary People's Struggle

[edit]

Main article: Revolutionary People's Struggle

Revolutionary People's Struggle (Greek: Επαναστατικός Λαϊκός Αγώνας (ΕΛΑ), romanized: Epanastatikos Laikos Agonas (ELA)) was a far-left urban guerilla organization that operated between 1975 and 1995 before its members announcing its disbandment. It was the largest terrorist organization by number of group members in Greece.[3]

### Revolutionary Organization 17 November

[edit]

Main article: Revolutionary Organization 17 November

N17 was a Greek far-left Marxist–Leninist urban guerrilla organization formed in 1975. The Greek government arrested many members of the 17 November organization in the summer of 2002. In 2003 15 members were found guilty of multiple murders and convicted for more than 2,500 crimes.[4]

### Revolutionary Struggle

[edit]

Main article: Revolutionary Struggle

The Revolutionary Struggle is a far-left Greek paramilitary group known for its attacks on Greek government buildings. It is widely described as a terrorist organization by both the Greek government and the media.[5][6][7]

### Revolutionary Nuclei

[edit]

Main article: Revolutionary Nuclei

Revolutionary Nuclei (RN) was, anti-U.S., anti-NATO, and anti-European Union urban guerrilla organization that conducted 13 bomb attacks in Athens between 1996 and 2000. The first attack for which RN took credit was a bomb attack on Greek Coast Guard installations in Piraeus on 11 May 1997, but it later acknowledged that two earlier attacks were carried out by RN members. Per its four proclamations, RN fought against the "imperialist domination, exploitation, and oppression" of Greece.[8]

On 27 April 1999 an RN bomb targeting a conference at the InterContinental Hotel in Athens killed one person (Despite telephoned warnings, the building was not evacuated). In December 1999 RN set off explosives near Texaco's offices in Athens.[8]

### Conspiracy of Fire Nuclei

[edit]

Main article: Conspiracy of Fire Nuclei

### Sect of Revolutionaries

[edit]

Main article: Sect of Revolutionaries

### Revolutionary Self-Defense

[edit]

Main article: Organization for Revolutionary Self-Defense

The Revolutionary Self-Defense group claims to fight to "construct a mass internationalist revolutionary movement, by strengthening militant resistance on the entire spectrum of class antagonism".[9] On November 10, 2016, a police officer, who had been on guard outside the embassy, was wounded when unknown assailants threw a hand grenade on the French embassy building, days later the group claimed responsibility for the attack.[10] Militants shot against members of the riot police when they are parked in the downtown in Athens, Greece. The incidents left no one injured.[11] The group is suspected of a 2016 grenade attack the Russian embassy in Athens.[12]

### Black Star

[edit]

Black Star (also known as Mavro Asteri; Greek: Μαύρο Αστέρι) is a Greek anarchist urban guerrilla group involved in violent direct action.

During the period between May 1999 and October 2002, Black Star was one of the most active anarchist groups in Greece.[13][14] They describe themselves as anti-imperialist, anti-establishment, and anti-capitalist. The group has declared itself to be dedicated to "resistance against the mass organizations of US imperialism and to their local collaborators."[15] They believe that "the only terrorists are the US imperialist forces, their European allies, and their local capitalist associates."[16]

## Timeline

[edit]

Greece

Date | Location | Deaths | Injuries | Type | Perpetrator | Description
2 September 1970 | Athens | 2  | \-  | Car bomb | Anarchists | \-- Diplomatic (United States)

At 16:00 (UTC+2), a bomb -- planted inside a car -- exploded in the parking area of the United States Embassy on Queen Sophia Avenue in Athens, killing a man and a woman. Neither of the casualties were Embassy personnel. The two victims were allegedly responsible for making and transporting the bomb.[17][18]
5 August 1973 | Athens | 5  | 55  | Grenade & Small arms fire | Black September (Palestinian nationalists) | \-- Airports & Airlines

1973 Athens Hellinikon International Airport attack \- Two Arab gunmen staged an armed assault on passengers near the Trans World Airlines lounge, within the Athens International Airport, killing five and wounding up to 60 others. Three foreigners (two Americans and an Austrian) were among the deceased. The initial target was intended to be passengers on a flight to Tel Aviv.[19][20][21]
24 February 1974 | Lavrion | 2  | \-  | Improvised Explosive Device | People's Resistance Organized Army | \-- Business

A bomb at an American-owned Dow Chemical plant south of Athens killed two Army bomb disposal experts.[22]
23 December 1975 | Athens | 1  | \-  | Small arms fire | 17N (Marxist guerrillas) | \-- Diplomatic (United States)

Five men in a stolen Simca followed Richard Welch, U.S. Central Intelligence Agency's station chief in Athens, home as he returned from a Christmas party. While two men covered his wife and driver, a third shot him dead with a .45 Colt M1911 pistol at close range.[23]
17 January 1980 | Athens | 2  | \-  | Small arms fire | 17N (Marxist guerrillas) | \-- Government institutions

Pantelis Petrou, the deputy director of the Monades Apokatastasis Taksis (Riot police), was shot to death in an Athens suburb by three assailants using two 45mm pistols. A few days later Sotiris Stamoulis, his driver, also died from the wounds inflicted during the attack.[24]
31 July 1980 | Athens | 2  | 2  | Small arms fire | ASALA (Armenian nationalists) | \-- Diplomatic (Turkish)

Armenian gunmen attacked the Turkish Embassy Administrative Attaché, Galip Ozmen, and his family as they were waiting in their automobile at a traffic light. Mr. Ozmen and his fourteen-year-old daughter, Neslihan Ozmen, were killed. His wife, Sevil Ozmen, and his sixteen-year-old son, Kaan Ozmen, were seriously wounded but survived.[25]

Main article: 1980 Turkish embassy attack in Athens

21 July 1981 | Athens | 2  | \-  | Small arms fire | Neo-fascists | \-- Private citizens & property

Two gunmen opened fire on the offices of the Angeli Koussis Shipping and Tourism Co., killing two employees of the firm.[26]
7 November 1983 | Athens | 1  | 1  | Small arms fire |  | \-- Diplomatic (Jordanian)

A gunman shot two security guards in front of the Jordanian Embassy, in a tour alley near the Acropolis. One of the victims died of his injuries.[27]
15 November 1983 | Athens | 2  | \-  | Small arms fire | 17N (Marxist guerrillas) | \-- Diplomatic (United States)

George Tsantes, deputy chief of the U.S. military assistance mission (JUSMAGG), along with his driver Nick Veloutsos, were shot dead by two young people riding a motorcycle, using a .45 caliber pistol.[28]
28 March 1984 | Athens | 2  | \-  | Small arms fire | Abu Nidal Organization | \-- Diplomatic (British)

British Cultural Attache and British Council representative Kenneth Whitty was killed in his car on an Athens street by a single gunman. His passenger, fellow British council employee Artemis Economidou, was seriously wounded and later succumbed to her injuries.[29][30]
2 February 1985 | Athens | 0  | 78  | Time bomb | Greek Cypriots Ultranationalists | \-- American military targets

Cyprus associated ultranationalists bombed a bar popular with American airmen stationed nearby.

Main article: 1985 Athens bar bombing

21 February 1985 | Athens | 2  | \-  | Small arms fire | 17N (Marxist guerrillas) | \-- Business

Major Greek center-right press publisher and banker, Nikolaos Momferatos, was shot and killed by a gunman. His driver, Panagiotis Rousetis, also died in the attack in the Athens suburb of Kolonaki.[31]
15 May 1985 | Athens | 3 +1 | 0  | Shootout | Anti-State Struggle  | On 15 May 1985 in Gyzi, near central Athens, three police officers investigating recent political murders detected a stolen motorcycle near Tsoutsouvis' apartment building. As they were investigating, Tsoutsouvis and an accomplice opened fire. Three police officers were killed in the exchange. Tsoutsouvis was also killed and his accomplice escaped.
1987 | Athens | 0  | 30  | Car bomb | 17N (Marxist guerrillas) | \-- American military targets

On two separate days, bomb attacks against buses carrying American soldiers injured 30 people in total.

Main article: 1987 Greece bus attacks

26 November 1985 | Athens | 1  | 14  | Car bomb | 17N (Marxist guerrillas) | \-- Government institutions

A car-bomb explosion next to a Greek riot police bus in Kaisariani, Athens, kills police officer Ioannis Georgakopoulos and injures 14 more. The 17N proclamation states that the attack was made to avenge the death of 15-year-old Michalis Kaltezas during clashes at the day of the rally commemorating the public uprising that led to the fall of the Greek military junta.[32][33]
28 June 1988 | Athens | 1  | \-  | Car bomb | 17N (Marxist guerrillas) | \-- Diplomatic (United States)

A car bomb, detonated by remote control, kills the US naval attache in Athens. Capt. William Nordeen was killed instantly by the blast that originated in a vehicle parked by his house.[34]
11 July 1988 | Athens | 11 (one perp.) | 98  | Car bomb \-- Grenade & Small arms fire | Abu Nidal Organization | \-- Private citizens & property

Three gunmen board the ship, City of Poros, as part of its normal intake of passengers at Aegina, and wait until the ship had left the port and is three miles into its journey before they attack, at approximately 20:30 (UTC+02:00). Using concealed automatic weapons and hand grenades, they opened fire on their fellow passengers, who scattered in panic, many jumping overboard, which inadvertently caused many casualties among people who became caught in the ship's propellers. Nine tourists are killed and up to 100 others are wounded. On the day of the attack, there were 471 people on board the ship.

Earlier on the day of the attack, the pier that the City of Poros usually berthed at in Piraeus was rocked by the detonation of a large car bomb. The only fatalities were the two occupants of the vehicle.[35][36][37]

See also: City of Poros ship attack

27 September 1989 | Athens | 1  | \-  | Small arms fire | 17N (Marxist guerrillas) | \-- Government institutions

Pavlos Bakoyannis, the spokes man of the leading political party at the time -- New Democracy \-- is shot and killed in the hallway of his office in downtown Athens.[38]
12 March 1991 | Athens | 1  | \-  | Improvised Explosive Device | 17N (Marxist guerrillas) | \-- Government institutions (Foreign: United States Military)

United States Air Force member, Sgt. Ronald O. Stewart, is killed by a remotely detonated bomb outside his apartment in the seaside Athens suburb of Glyfada. Sgt. Stewart had been working at the United States Air Base at Hellenikon.[39]
19 April 1991 | Patras | 7  | 7  | Improvised Explosive Device | Palestinian Nationalists (Union of Palestinian Students) | \-- Private citizens & property

A parcel bomb explodes in the offices of a courier service, killing seven people and wounding seven others in the western port city of Patras 1991 Patras bombing. Six of the dead were employees and the other a customer. The bombed building also housed offices of an American concern, United Parcel International, and is near the British Consulate.[40][41][42]
14 July 1992 | Athens | 1  | 5  | Rocket propelled grenade fire | 17N (Marxist guerrillas) | \-- Government institutions

The Greek Minister of Finance, Ioannis Paleokrassas, narrowly escapes assassination when terrorists launch a 3.5 inch RPG round at his armored limousine in broad daylight. The attack, near the center of Athens, kills a bystander and injures 5 other people, including Minister Paleokrassas. The Minister had been driving out of his office accompanied by his wife and daughter.[43]
24 January 1994 | Athens | 1  | \-  | Small arms fire | 17N (Marxist guerrillas) | \-- Government institutions

The former chairman of Greece's largest state-owned bank, Michalis Vranopoulos, is shot to death on an Athens street. He had been testifying in a judicial investigation into the bank's potentially fraudulent sale of a majority stake in a cement company.[44]
4 July 1994 | Athens | 1  | \-  | Small arms fire | 17N (Marxist guerrillas) | \-- Diplomatic (Turkish)

Deputy Chief of Mission at the Turkish Embassy in Athens, Ömer Haluk Sipahioğlu, is shot and killed on an Athens street. Authorities believe three men in a car pulled alongside the vehicle of the second-ranking Turkish diplomat in Greece and opened fire, killing him.[45][46]
28 May 1997 | Athens | 1  | \-  | Small arms fire | 17N (Marxist guerrillas) | \-- Business

Greek shipping tycoon, Constantine Peratikos, is shot to death in broad daylight on an Athens street. The group issued a manifesto claiming that Peratikos was targeted because he allegedly misused a large government bailout and threatened to close down his shipyard, which would have forced the layoff of 2,000 employees.[47]
17 November 1999 | Athens | 1  | \-  | Improvised Explosive Device | Revolutionary Nuclei | \-- Private citizens & property

A Greek bystander is killed when a bomb explodes near the Intercontinental Hotel, where then United States President Bill Clinton was due to stay on a state visit to Greece.[48]
8 June 2000 | Athens | 1  | \-  | Small arms fire | 17N (Marxist guerrillas) | \-- Diplomatic (British)

At approximately 7:48 (UTC+2) two gunmen on a motorcycle shoot Brig. Stephen Saunders, the military attaché at the British Embassy in Athens, while he was driving alone on a busy suburban street to work at the British Embassy. The gunmen escaped in traffic. Brigadier Saunders died of his wounds at the hospital.[49][50][51]
17 June 2009 | Athens | 1  | \-  | Small arms fire | Sect of Revolutionaries | \-- Government institutions

Several gunmen shoot a 41-year-old anti-terrorism officer several times at close range. The officer died in his car as the assailants fled on motorcycles in the densely populated Patissia area of Athens.[52]
28 July 2009 | Athens metropolitan area | 0  | 0  | Improvised Explosive Device and firebombing | Illuminating Paths of Solidarity | \-- Private citizens & government property

Unknown assailants firebombed at least four New Democracy party offices in Koukaki, Attica,[53] others in Drapetsona,[54] Kaminia, Chalandri,[55] three PASOK offices in Votanikos and Goudi (both in Attica), being claimed by Illuminating Paths of Solidarity.[56]

28 March 2010 | Athens | 1  | 2  | Improvised Explosive Device |  Unknown  | \-- Private citizens & property

A bomb exploded outside an institute for training public officials in the Patissia area of the Greek capital Athens, killing a 15-year-old boy. The boy's 10-year-old sister was seriously injured and their mother, 45, was slightly hurt. Police said the family, were apparently just walking past the building when the bomb, contained in a bag, exploded.[57][58]
24 June 2010 | Athens | 1  | \-  | Improvised Explosive Device | Revolutionary Struggle | \-- Government institutions

A powerful bomb sent in a package to the minister of public order explodes near his office, killing his 50-year-old assistant, who opened the package. The minister, Michalis Chrysochoidis, who was in charge of the police and counter-terrorism as Minister of Public Order, Michalis was not in his office at the time.[59]
19 July 2010 | Athens | 1  | \-  | Small arms fire | Sect of Revolutionaries | \-- Journalists & Media

The Greek reporter and radio station news director Sokratis Giolias was shot by leftist urban guerrillas. Their weapons were matched to earlier shootings by the Sect of Revolutionaries.[60]

See also: Assassination of Sokratis Giolias

17 June 2012 | Athens | 0  | 0  | Hand grenades | Unknown | \-- Journalists & Media

Unknown threw two hand grenades, which failed to explode, at the headquarters of Skai TV station.[61]
26 June 2012 | Marousi,Athens | 0  | 0  | Firebombing | Deviant Conduct by the Spread of Revolutionary Terrorism | \-- Political

Gunmen drove a van to the Microsoft offices in Marousi, Athens, the blast of the van caused significant material damage. The office, was closed for one day.[62][63] The attack was claimed by an unknown guerrilla organization naming themselves: Deviant Conduct by the Spread of Revolutionary Terrorism.[64]
4 July 2013 | Attica, Athens | 0  | 0  | Firebombing | Zero Tolerance | \-- Political

On 4 July an office belonging to Fevronia Patrianakou, a member of the parliament was firebombed, causing material damages. "Zero Tolerance", claimed the attack, said Patrianakou, member of New Democracy is part of their campaign to punish those who are contributing to the strengthening of the Greek government.[65][66] Zero Tolerance is an anarchist cell that has perpetrated attacks in the metropolitan area of Athens.[67][68]
1 November 2013 | Athens | 2  | 1  | Small arms fire | The Fighting People's Revolutionary Powers | \-- Political

On 1 November 2013, two Golden Dawn members, Giorgos Fountoulis (27 years old) and Manos Kapelonis (22 years old), were shot dead outside the party's offices in Neo Irakleio, a northern suburb of Athens. A third one, Alexandros Gerontas, was severely injured. According to a Golden Dawn member, two men on a motorcycle wearing helmets fired into the group.[69][70] Two weeks later, the previously unknown "anti-establishment" group "The Fighting People's Revolutionary" Powers claimed responsibility for what it described characterized them as "political executions of the fascist members of the neo-Nazi Golden Dawn party".[71]

See also: 2013 Neo Irakleio Golden Dawn office shooting

14 January 2014 | Athens | 0  | 0  | Firebombing | Zero Tolerance | \-- Political

On 14 January, members of Zero Tolerance firebombed the office of the Interior Minister, Yiannis Michelakis, leaving important material damage.[72][73]
12 July 2014 | Athens | 0  | 0  | Hand grenade | Nuclei Of Nullists | \-- Journalists & Media

The left-wing terrorist group threw a hand grenade, which failed to explode, at the headquarters of Skai TV station, in support for the left-wing terrorists Christodoulos Xiros and Nikos Maziotis.[74]
14 January 2015 | Athens | 0  | 0  | Firebombing | Zero Tolerance | \-- Political

On 14 January, assailants blasts an office of Adonis Georgiadis a conservative Member of Parliament, which leaves material damages. Zero Tolerance claimed the attack in a statement and demanded the closure of "Type C" prisons.[75][76]
17 December 2018 | Athens | 0  | 0  | Bombing | Popular Fighters Group | \-- Journalists & Media

On 17 December a bomb exploded in the headquarters of the media station Skai TV. There were no casualties but extensive damage was done to the building. The left-wing terrorist group Popular Fighters Group was behind the attack.[77] The militant group has been behind similar bomb attacks against the downtown Athens headquarters of the Federation of Greek Industries in November 2015.[78]
3 February 2024 | Athens | 0  | 0  | Bombing | Revolutionary Class Self- Defense | \-- Political

A bomb exploded outside Ministry of Labour and a bank. The responsibility for the attack was claimed by a new organisation called 'Revolutionary Class Self-Defense'.[79]

## See also

[edit]

* Terrorism in Europe
* Islamic terrorism in Europe
* List of terrorist incidents
* Terrorism in the United States
* Hindu terrorism
* Violence against Christians in India
* Left-wing terrorism
* Right-wing terrorism

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "Patterns of Global Terrorism 1996 - Greece". United States Department of State. April 1997. Archived from the original on 2019-03-07.
2. ^ "Nihilist Faction -- Greece". Terrorism Research & Analysis Consortium. Archived from the original on 2024-06-17. Retrieved 2019-03-17.
3. ^ "Έκλεισε η υπόθεση "ΕΛΑ" με την αθώωση των τριών τελευταίων κατηγορούμενων". TVXS - TV Χωρίς Σύνορα. Archived from the original on 2018-05-21. Retrieved 2023-03-27.
4. ^ Background Note: Greece Archived 2017-01-21 at the Wayback Machine United States Department of State
5. ^ "Revolutionary Struggle terror group claims responsibility for attacks on labor ministry, police buses". Embassy of Greece to the United States. June 10, 2005. Archived from the original on 2011-07-17. Retrieved 2007-01-12.
6. ^ George Gilson (December 23, 2005). "Robin Hood terrorists". Athens News. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007. Retrieved January 19, 2007.
7. ^ Anthee Carassava (January 12, 2007). "U.S. Embassy in Athens Is Attacked". New York Times. Archived from the original on October 5, 2020. Retrieved February 13, 2017.
8. ^ a b List of known terrorist organizations Archived 2009-08-06 at the Wayback Machine Center for Defense Information
9. ^ "Athens: Armed attacks against Mexican and French Embassies – Communique from the 'Organisation of Revolutionary Self-Defense' – 'Towards a New International Revolutionary Movement' (Greece)". 325 Nostate. Archived from the original on 2021-02-27. Retrieved 2019-03-28.
10. ^ "Grenade blast outside French Embassy in Athens wounds 1". USA TODAY. Archived from the original on 2016-11-11. Retrieved 2016-11-10.
11. ^ "Gun used from Greek PASOK shooting used in past guerrilla attacks against police". Reuters. 7 November 2017. Archived from the original on 2019-03-29. Retrieved 2019-03-28.
12. ^ "Greek police identify explosive thrown at guard booth outside Russian Embassy". TASS.com. Archived from the original on 2024-06-17. Retrieved 2019-03-28.
13. ^ "In Brief". Kathimerini. 2001-12-07. Archived from the original on 2019-05-14. Retrieved 14 May 2019.
14. ^ "(F) Europe Overview". state.gov. U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on 17 June 2024. Retrieved 14 May 2019.
15. ^ Morou, October 7, 2002
16. ^ FBIS London Bureau, June 22, 2000
17. ^ "Bomb Kills Two At US Embassy". The Palm Beach Post. United Press International. 3 September 1970. p. 33.
18. ^ "Premature Bomb Explosion At Us Embassy In Athens". Quebec Chronicle-Telegraph. 3 September 1970. Archived from the original on 18 April 2022. Retrieved 15 February 2014.
19. ^ Staff writers (22 January 1975). "How Often Are Arab Terrorists Punished? Hardly Ever!". The Day. Associated Press. Archived from the original on 7 August 2021. Retrieved 12 February 2014.
20. ^ Staff writers (6 August 1973). "Terrorists Kill 2 Americans In Attack In Athens Airport". Toledo Blade. Associated Press. Archived from the original on 17 June 2024. Retrieved 12 February 2014.
21. ^ Staff writers (24 January 1974). "2 Arabs Face Athens Court, Plead Guilty". Eugene Register-Guard. United Press International. Archived from the original on 7 August 2021. Retrieved 12 February 2014.
22. ^ "Terrorists blamed for blast". The Argus. United Press International. 24 February 1974. p. 20.
23. ^ Landler, Mark (9 December 2003). "Greek Court Convicts 15 in 27-Year-Old Terror Group". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 9 March 2014. Retrieved 12 February 2014.
24. ^ Staff writers (18 January 1980). "Riot Police Chief Killed". The Sydney Morning Herald. Reuters. Archived from the original on 18 April 2022. Retrieved 15 February 2014.
25. ^ AP (August 1, 1980). "Turk Killed In Greece". Spokesman-Review. Archived from the original on 18 April 2022. Retrieved 17 November 2012.
26. ^ Staff writer (22 July 1981). "Gunmen Slay Two In Greek Attack". Lodi News-Sentinel. United Press International. Archived from the original on 18 April 2022. Retrieved 12 February 2014.
27. ^ "Gunman Kills Embassy Guard". Sarasota Herald-Tribune. 8 November 1983. Archived from the original on 18 April 2022. Retrieved 14 February 2014.
28. ^ "U.S. NAVY OFFICER IS ASSASSINATED IN ATHENS BY UNKNOWN GUNMEN". The New York Times. 16 November 1983. Archived from the original on 9 March 2014. Retrieved 12 February 2014.
29. ^ "Gunman Kills British Diplomat". The Glasgow Herald. 29 March 1984. Archived from the original on 1 May 2020. Retrieved 14 February 2014.
30. ^ Philps, Alan (20 August 2002). "Mystery end of Abu Nidal - the retired terrorist". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 24 March 2014. Retrieved 14 February 2014.
31. ^ Kassimeris, George (2013). Inside Greek Terrorism. Oxford University Press. p. 43\. ISBN 9780199333394. Archived from the original on 2024-06-17. Retrieved 2020-10-05.
32. ^ ΤΑ ΧΤΥΠΗΜΑΤΑ ΤΗΣ «17 ΝΟΕΜΒΡΗ» Νο 6-10. To Vima (in Greek). 28 July 2002. Archived from the original on 17 June 2024. Retrieved 12 February 2014.
33. ^ "Police Scour Athens For 3 Suspects In In Fatal Bombing". The Des Moines Register. Associated Press. 28 November 1985.
34. ^ Staff writers (29 June 1988). "Us Naval Officer Killed In Greece By Remote-control Car-bomb Blast". Schenectady Gazette. United Press International. Archived from the original on 17 June 2024. Retrieved 12 February 2014.
35. ^ Staff writer (August 8, 1988). "A Smoking Gun Points at Libya". World Notes TERRORISM. TIME magazine. Archived from the original on February 4, 2013. Retrieved 2006-05-05.
36. ^ Staff writer (17 November 1992). "Germans Arrest Palestinian In 1988 Cruise Ship Attack". New York Times. Retrieved 2006-05-05.
37. ^ Staff writers (12 July 1988). "Cruise-ship terrorists leave 11 dead, 98 hurt". Reading Eagle. Associated Press. Archived from the original on 18 April 2022. Retrieved 12 February 2014.
38. ^ Staff writers (27 September 1989). "Greek Party Spokesman Shot, Killed". Eugene Register-Guard. Associated Press. Archived from the original on 17 June 2024. Retrieved 15 February 2014.
39. ^ Staff writers (13 March 1991). "Blast In Greece Kills American". The Bryan Times. United Press International. Archived from the original on 17 June 2024. Retrieved 16 February 2014.
40. ^ "7 People Killed in Terrorist Bombing in Greece". The New York Times. 20 April 1991. Archived from the original on 9 March 2014. Retrieved 12 February 2014.
41. ^ "Bomb Blast Kills 7 At Air Courier Office". Observer-Reporter. Associated Press. 19 April 1991. Archived from the original on 7 August 2021. Retrieved 12 February 2014.
42. ^ "Terrorist Bomb Meant For British Consulate". The Prescott Courier. Associated Press. 28 April 1991. Archived from the original on 7 August 2021. Retrieved 12 February 2014.
43. ^ "Minister Escapes Assassination Try". Toledo Blade. 15 July 1992. Archived from the original on 18 April 2022. Retrieved 15 February 2014.
44. ^ "Gun used in Greek banker's death traced to '75 slaying of CIA agent". The Chicago Tribune. Reuters. 25 January 1994. p. 11.
45. ^ "Gunmen Kill Turkish Diplomat". Eugene Register-Guard. 5 July 1994. Archived from the original on 18 April 2022. Retrieved 16 February 2014.
46. ^ Staff writers (5 July 1994). "Turkish diplomat shot dead in Athens". The Herald (Glasgow). Reuters. Archived from the original on 9 March 2014. Retrieved 16 February 2014.
47. ^ "Europe and Eurasia Overview". Patterns of Global Terrorism: 1997. United States Department of State. Archived from the original on 1 March 2015. Retrieved 15 February 2014.
48. ^ Stanley, Alessandra (18 November 1999). "Huge March In Athens Protests Visit By Clinton". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 5 February 2015. Retrieved 12 February 2014.
49. ^ "British diplomat shot dead in Athens". BBC News. 8 June 2000. Archived from the original on 24 January 2009. Retrieved 15 February 2014.
50. ^ Stanley, Alessandra (9 June 2000). "British Attache Is Assassinated On Greek Street". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 9 March 2014. Retrieved 15 February 2014.
51. ^ Anast, Alan (12 August 2002). "I killed diplomat, says Greek terrorist". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 24 March 2014. Retrieved 15 February 2014.
52. ^ "Gunmen kill Greek anti-terrorist policeman". Reuters. June 17, 2009. Archived from the original on June 20, 2009. Retrieved June 17, 2009.
53. ^ "GTD ID:200907280031". Global Terrorism Database. Archived from the original on 2024-02-17. Retrieved 2024-02-16.
54. ^ "GTD ID:200907280027". Global Terrorism Database. Archived from the original on 2024-02-17. Retrieved 2024-02-16.
55. ^ "GTD ID:200907280028". Global Terrorism Database. Archived from the original on 2024-02-17. Retrieved 2024-02-16.
56. ^ "GTD ID:200907280029". Global Terrorism Database. Archived from the original on 2024-02-17. Retrieved 2024-02-16.
57. ^ "Athens bomb kills Afghan boy and injures two". BBC News. 29 March 2010. Archived from the original on 17 June 2024. Retrieved 12 February 2014.
58. ^ "Athens bombing kills one, injures two: police". Reuters. 28 March 2010. Archived from the original on January 15, 2020. Retrieved 14 January 2020.
59. ^ Kitsantonis, Niki (24 June 2010). "Greece: Bomb Kills Cabinet Minister's Assistant". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 30 July 2017. Retrieved 12 February 2014.
60. ^ "Greece: Journalist Is Shot Dead; Police Suspect Leftist Guerrillas". New York Times. 19 July 2010. Archived from the original on 17 January 2019. Retrieved 20 July 2010.
61. ^ "Πραγματικές οι χειροβομβίδες που πέταξαν στον ΣΚΑΪ". 17 June 2012. Archived from the original on 25 December 2023. Retrieved 25 December 2023.
62. ^ "Microsoft´s headquarters in Greece firebombed by gunmen". Mercury News. 27 June 2012. Archived from the original on 2022-10-02. Retrieved 2022-07-28.
63. ^ "Microsoft's Greek offices attacked by armed arsonists". The Guardian. 27 June 2012. Archived from the original on 2024-06-17. Retrieved 2022-07-28.
64. ^ "Marousi, Atenas: Comunicado de reivindicación del ataque a la sede de Microsoft". Contrainfo. 14 July 2012. Archived from the original on 2022-07-28. Retrieved 2022-07-28.
65. ^ "ND MP's Athens office hit by arson attack". Ekathimerini. Archived from the original on 2023-11-13. Retrieved 2023-11-13.
66. ^ "'Zero Tolerance' group claims responsibility for attack on minister's office". Ekathimerini. Archived from the original on 2023-11-13. Retrieved 2023-11-13.
67. ^ "GTD ID:200907270020". Global Terrorism Database. Archived from the original on 2023-11-13. Retrieved 2023-11-13.
68. ^ "GTD ID:201002260011". Global Terrorism Database. Archived from the original on 2023-11-13. Retrieved 2023-11-13.
69. ^ Golden Dawn members killed outside party office Archived 2017-10-02 at the Wayback Machine, Associated Press, 1 November 2013.
70. ^ Two members of Greece's Golden Dawn shot dead Archived 2017-07-30 at the Wayback Machine, BBC News, 1 November 2013.
71. ^ "Golden Dawn shootings: group claims responsibility". The Guardian. 17 November 2013. Archived from the original on 17 November 2013. Retrieved 17 November 2013.
72. ^ "Explosive device targets interior minister's office". Ekathimerini. Archived from the original on 2023-11-14. Retrieved 2023-11-13.
73. ^ ""Zero Tolerance" claims arson attack against Michelakis' office". Tovima gr. 4 February 2014. Archived from the original on 2024-06-17. Retrieved 2023-11-14.
74. ^ "Ανάληψη ευθύνης για την επίθεση με χειροβομβίδα στον ΣΚΑΙ". 27 July 2014. Archived from the original on 17 June 2024. Retrieved 25 December 2023.
75. ^ "Gas canister explodes at office of conservative Greek politician". Reuters. Retrieved 2023-11-14.
76. ^ "Gas canister explodes at office of conservative Greek politician". Ahram Online. Archived from the original on 2024-06-17. Retrieved 2023-11-14.
77. ^ "Η Ομάδα Λαϊκών Αγωνιστών ανέλαβε την ευθύνη για την επίθεση στον ΣΚΑΪ" (in Greek). 8 January 2019. Archived from the original on 2024-06-17. Retrieved 2023-12-25.
78. ^ "Bomb explosion rips through Athens TV station". 17 December 2018. Archived from the original on 17 June 2024. Retrieved 19 December 2018.
79. ^ "Bomb explodes outside ministry in Athens, no injuries | eKathimerini.com". www.ekathimerini.com. 2024-02-03. Archived from the original on 2024-06-17. Retrieved 2024-02-12.

* v
* t
* e

Terrorism in Europe

Sovereign states|

* Albania
* Andorra
* Armenia
* Austria
* Azerbaijan
* Belarus
* Belgium
* Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Bulgaria
* Croatia
* Cyprus
* Czech Republic
* Denmark
* Estonia
* Finland
* France
* Georgia
* Germany
* Greece
* Hungary
* Iceland
* Ireland
*   * Italy
* Kazakhstan
* Latvia
* Liechtenstein
* Lithuania
* Luxembourg
* Malta
* Moldova
* Monaco
* Montenegro
* Netherlands
* North Macedonia
* Norway
* Poland
* Portugal
* Romania
* Russia
* San Marino
* Serbia
* Slovakia
* Slovenia
* Spain
* Sweden
* Switzerland
* Turkey
* Ukraine
* United Kingdom

States with limited
recognition|

* Abkhazia
* Kosovo
* Northern Cyprus
* South Ossetia
* Transnistria

Dependencies and
other entities|

* Åland
* Faroe Islands
* Gibraltar
* Guernsey
* Isle of Man
* Jersey
* Svalbard

Other entities|

* European Union

*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template