Texas Instruments Graphics Architecture

Computer graphics card and interface standard

This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these messages)

This article includes a list of references, related reading, or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. Please help improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (October 2011) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

|

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
Find sources: "Texas Instruments Graphics Architecture" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (October 2011) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

|

(Learn how and when to remove this message)

Texas Instruments Graphics ArchitectureRelease date| 1989; 36 years ago (1989)

|

Architecture| TMS34010, TMS34020
Cards
Entry-level| TIGA-340 (TMS34010 Graphics System Processors based)
Mid-range| Number Nine Visual Technology Peeper and GX series, Hercules Graphics Station and Chrome, Texas Instruments TIGA Diamond and TIGA Star
History
Predecessor| VGA
Successor| VESA, Super VGA
TIGA Add On card with TI TMS34020 GSP Texas Instruments TMS34020 TIGA Add On card with Intel i860

Texas Instruments Graphics Architecture (TIGA) is a graphics interface standard created by Texas Instruments that defined the software interface to graphics processors.[1] Using this standard, any software written for TIGA should work correctly on a TIGA-compliant graphics interface card.[2]

The TIGA standard is independent of resolution and color depth which provides a certain degree of future proofing. This standard was designed for high-end graphics. However, TIGA was not widely adopted. Instead, VESA and Super VGA became the de facto standard for PC graphics devices after the VGA. Texas Instrument's TMS34010 and TMS34020 Graphics System Processors (GSP) were the original TIGA-compliant graphics processors.[3][4]

## Clone Hardware

[edit]

The primary manufacturers of mainstream TIGA cards for the PC clone market included Number Nine Visual Technology and Hercules. Number Nine Visual Technology graphics cards using Texas Instruments' TIGA co-processors were made from about 1986 to 1992, including the Pepper and GX series.[5][6][7] Hercules manufactured cards such as the Graphics Station and Chrome lines which were marketed primarily toward users of Microsoft Windows.[8][9][10]

Desktop Computing AGA 1024 card was capable of emulating TIGA standards, besides IBM 8514.[11]

In the early 1990s, Texas Instruments France (which had marketing control for TIGA architecture and GSP chipsets in Europe) experimented with manufacturing and selling its own range of consumer oriented video cards based on TIGA and aimed at speeding up the user experience of Windows. These products were named TIGA Diamond (34020 based) and TIGA Star (34010 based), and provided a platform for selling TI DRAM and video palette chips as well as the GSP chips themselves.[12]

## Impact

[edit]

Despite the superiority of the technology in comparison to typical Super VGA cards of the era, the relatively high cost and emerging local bus graphics standards meant that IT distributors and PC manufacturers could not see a niche for these products at consumer level.

The (limited) success of the graphics cards paved the way for products based upon various derivatives and clones of IBM's 8514 architecture.[citation needed] Part of the effort to make graphics accelerators useful required TI to convince Microsoft that the internal interfaces to its Windows Operating System had to be adaptable instead of hard-coded. Indeed, all versions of Windows prior to Windows 3.0 were "hard-coded" to specific graphics hardware.

## See also

[edit]

* TMS34010
* Number Nine Visual Technology TIGA cards
* VESA
* Super VGA
* IBM 8514

## References

[edit]

1. ^ TMS340 Interface User's Guide (PDF). Texas Instruments. 1990.
2. ^ TMS340 FAMILY GRAPHICS LIBRARY USER'S GUIDE (PDF). Texas Instruments. 1990.
3. ^ Corcoran, Cate (December 16, 1991). "Rocket-Fuel, Jet-Fuel speed SCO Open Desktop". InfoWorld. p. 32.
4. ^ Poor, Alfred (June 25, 1991). "Cover Story: Graphics Adapters". PC Magazine.
5. ^ Peddie, Jon (13 May 2019). "Famous Graphics Chips: Number Nine's Imagine 128". IEEE Computer Society. Retrieved 2023-03-07.
6. ^ Pane, Patricia (November 20, 1989). "Number Nine Announces Series of Graphics Cards". InfoWorld. p. 26.
7. ^ Huth, Michael. "Number Nine GXiTC". retronn.de. Retrieved 2023-03-07.
8. ^ Benford, Tom (October 1992). "Hercules Graphics Station Gold 16". COMPUTE!. No. 145\. p. 118.
9. ^ Unger, Tom (January 15, 1991). "Hercules Graphics Station Card". PC Magazine. p. 187.
10. ^ "Hercules advert". PC Magazine. February 26, 1991. p. 228.
11. ^ Ross, Matthew (May 15, 1990). "New and Improved - Improved AGA 1024". PC Magazine. p. 56.
12. ^ Axel (2017-01-04). "TIGA - The basic stuff". GeekDot. Retrieved 2022-12-15.

## External links

[edit]

* TMS340 Interface User's Guide spvu015c
* TMS340 FAMILY GRAPHICS LIBRARY USER'S GUIDE spvu027

* v
* t
* e

Computer display standards

PC-compatible video hardware|

* MDA (1981)
* CGA (1981)
* HGC (1982)
* Plantronics (1982)
* Quadcolor (1983)
* Tandy (1984)
* PGC (1984)
* EGA (1984)
* JEGA (1987)
* MCGA (1987)
* VGA (1987)
* 8514 (1987)
* SVGA (1987)
* AX-VGA
* TIGA (1989)
* XGA (1990)
* EVGA (1991)

Standard display resolutions|

* 160×120
* 320×200
* 640×200
* 640×350
* 640×480
* 720×348
* 800×600
* 1024×768
* 1152×864
* 1280×1024
* 1400×1050
* 1600×1200
* 2048×1536
* 2560×2048
* 3200×2400
* 4096×3072
* 5120×4096
* 6400×4800

Widescreen display resolutions|

* 240×160
* 320×240
* 432×240
* 480×320
* 640×400
* 800×480
* 854×480
* 1024×576
* 1280×720
* 1280×768
* 1280×800
* 1366×768
* 1366×900
* 1440×900
* 1600×900
* 1680×945
* 1680×1050
* 1920×1080 (1080p)
* 1920×1200
* 2048×1152
* 2560×1440 (QHD)
* 2560×1600
* 3200×2048
* 3840×2160 (4K UHD)
* 3200×2400
* 3840×2400
* 5120×2880
* 5120×3200
* 5760×3240
* 6400×4096
* 6400×4800
* 7680×4320 (8K UHD)
* 7680×4800
* 15360 × 8640

This computer hardware article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

|

* v
* t
* e

*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template