The Global Warming Policy Foundation

UK climate change denial lobby group

The Global Warming Policy Foundation

Founded| 23 November 2009 (2009-11-23)
Type| Charitable organisation

VAT ID no.

| 06962749[1]
Registration no.| 1131448[1]
Location|

* 55 Tufton Street
London SW1P 3QL, England, United Kingdom

Coordinates| 51°30′23″N 00°07′55″W﻿ / ﻿51.50639°N 0.13194°W﻿ / 51.50639; -0.13194

Key people

| Terence Mordaunt, Chairman
Benny Peiser, Director
Revenue| £158,008 (FY 2011)[1]
Funding| undisclosed
Endowment| £325,842 (FY 2011)[1]
Employees| 3[1]
Website| www.thegwpf.org

The Global Warming Policy Foundation (GWPF) is a charitable organisation in the United Kingdom whose aims are to challenge what it calls "extremely damaging and harmful policies" envisaged by governments to mitigate anthropogenic global warming.[2] The GWPF, and some of its prominent members individually, have been characterised as practising and promoting climate change denial.[3][4]

In 2014, when the Charity Commission ruled that the GWPF had breached rules on impartiality, a non-charitable organisation called the "Global Warming Policy Forum" was created to do lobbying that a charity could not. The GWPF website carries an array of articles sceptical of the scientific consensus of anthropogenic global warming and its impacts.

## History

[edit]

55 Tufton Street, location of The Global Warming Policy Foundation

The foundation was established in November 2009, a week after the start of the Climatic Research Unit email controversy,[5] with its headquarters in a room of the Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining at 1 Carlton House Terrace, London, and subsequently moved to 55 Tufton Street, London SW1P 3QL. Its director is Benny Peiser,[6] an expert on the social and economic aspects of physical exercise, and it is chaired by Terence Mordaunt, co-owner of the cargo handling business Bristol Port Company.[7] It was previously chaired by the former Chancellor of the Exchequer Nigel Lawson.[8] GWPF states that it is "deeply concerned about the costs and other implications of many of the policies currently being advocated" to address climate change and that it aims to "bring reason, integrity and balance to a debate that has become seriously unbalanced, irrationally alarmist, and all too often depressingly intolerant".[9]

### Funding sources

[edit]

Because it is registered as a charity, the GWPF is not legally required to report its sources of funding,[10] and Peiser has declined to reveal its funding sources, citing privacy concerns. Peiser said GWPF does not receive funding "from people with links to energy companies or from the companies themselves."[11] The foundation has rejected freedom of information (FoI) requests to disclose its funding sources on at least four occasions. The judge ruling on the latest FoI request, Alison McKenna, said that the GWPF was not sufficiently influential to merit forcing them to disclose the source of the £50,000 that was originally provided to establish the organisation.[12]

In May 2022, OpenDemocracy reported that tax filings in the US revealed that GWPF had taken money from US 'dark money' sources, including $620,259 from the Donors Trust between 2016 and 2020. The Donors Trust has in turn received significant funding from the Koch brothers. The group also received funding from the Sarah Scaife foundation, set up by the heir to an oil and banking dynasty.[13]

### Charitable status

[edit]

In June 2013 Bob Ward filed a formal complaint to the Charity Commission, alleging that the GWPF had "persistently disseminated inaccurate and misleading information about climate change as part of its campaign against climate policies in the UK and overseas", and that this was an abuse of their charitable status.

In 2014 the Charity Commission ruled that the GWPF had breached rules on impartiality in its climate change coverage, blurred fact and comment and demonstrated a clear bias.[14][15] In response, the GWPF agreed to establish a non-charitable organisation to do the lobbying, alongside the existing organisation, to be called the "Global Warming Policy Forum".[16] In October 2021, Global Warming Policy Forum rebranded itself as Net Zero Watch.[17]

In October 2022 a complaint was made to the Charity Commission by Liberal Democrat, Labour and Green Party MPs that The Global Warming Policy Foundation is a lobbying organisation, and misuses charitable funds by passing them to Net Zero Watch, which uses the funds for non-charitable purposes.[18] In November 2022, the Charity Commission confirmed that it was reviewing the complaint.[19] Three months later, the GWPF reported a "serious incident" to the Charity Commission.[20] In July 2024, the Charity Commission announced that it had concluded its investigation. It said that it was "satisfied the concerns raised are now resolved". The Good Law Project said the decision was "startling".[21]

## Climate change denial

[edit]

The GWPF's first act was to call for a high-level, independent inquiry into the hacked e-mails from the University of East Anglia's Climatic Research Unit.[22] Nigel Lawson suggested that the e-mails from the University of East Anglia "called into question" the integrity of the scientific evidence.[23]

Subsequent investigations did not support this view. GWPF Director Benny Peiser said that the organisation did not doubt the science and was not going to discuss it, but want an open, frank debate about what policies should be adopted.[23] A spokesman for the Met Office, a government agency which works with the Climate Research Unit in providing global temperature information, dismissed this call. "If you look at the emails, there isn't any evidence that the data was falsified and there's no evidence that climate change is a hoax. It's a shame that some of the sceptics have had to take this rather shallow attempt to discredit robust science undertaken by some of the world's most respected scientists. The bottom line is that temperatures continue to rise and humans are responsible for it. We have every confidence in the science and the various datasets we use. The peer-review process is as robust as it could possibly be."[24]

David Aaronovitch noted the GWPF's launch in The Times, writing "Lord Lawson’s acceptance of the science turns out, on close scrutiny, to be considerably less than half-hearted. Thus he speaks of 'the (present) majority scientific view', hinting rather slyly at the near possibility of a future, entirely different scientific view. (...) 'Sceptic' (...) is simply a misnomer. People such as Lord Lawson are not sceptical, for if one major peer-reviewed piece of scientific research were ever to be published casting doubt on climate change theory, you just know they’d have it up in neon at Piccadilly Circus. They are only sceptical about what they don’t want to be true."[25]

The Guardian quoted Bob Ward, the policy and communications director at the Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment at the London School of Economics, as saying "some of those names are straight from the Who's Who of current climate change sceptics ... It's just going to be a way of pumping material into the debate that hasn't been through scrutiny". The Guardian article cast doubt on the idea that an upsurge in scepticism was underway, noting that "in (the US) Congress, even the most determined opponents of climate change legislation now frame their arguments in economic terms rather than on the science".[26]

When the GWPF's website was launched in November 2009, a graph used in the logo graphic on each page of the website of '21st Century global mean temperatures' showed a slow decline over the selected period from 2001 to 2008. Hannah Devlin of The Times found an error for 2003 and noted that if the period from 2000 to 2009 had been chosen, then a rise in temperature would have been shown rather than a fall.[27] Bob Ward said that the graph was contrary to the true measurements, and that by leaving out the temperature trend during the 20th century, the graph obscured the fact that 8 of the 10 hottest years on record have occurred this century. The GWPF blamed a "small error by our graphic designer" for the mistake which would now be changed, but said that starting the graph earlier would be equally arbitrary.[11]

Fred Pearce wrote in The Guardian that the three inquiries GWPF looked into were all badly flawed, and that The Climategate Inquiries report ably dissects their failures. He writes that "for all its sharp—and in many cases justified—rejoinders to the official inquiries its report is likely to be ignored in some quarters for its brazen hypocrisy." Pearce argues that one of the criticisms of the three inquiries was that no climate sceptics were on the inquiry teams, and now the critics themselves have produced a review of the reviews that included no one not already supportive of the sceptical position. But, Pearce wrote, Montford "has landed some good blows here."[28]

In 2014 The Independent described the foundation as "the UK's most prominent source of climate-change denial".[3]

In 2011, Chris Huhne, former UK Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change described GWPF as "misinformed", "wrong", and "perverse".[10]

The Skeptic awarded the foundation its 2022 Rusty Razor award as part of its annual presentation of Ockham Awards, naming the foundation as "the year’s worst promoters of pseudoscience" for its "prolific attempts to weaken and undermine public and political will to tackle climate change".[29]

## Personnel

[edit]

In May 2014, the GWPF listed Benny Peiser, a social anthropologist, as the director, and a board of trustees consisting of Lord Lawson (chairman), Lord Donoughue, Lord Fellowes, Peter R. Forster (the former Bishop of Chester), Martin Jacomb, Baroness Nicholson, Sir James Spooner and Lord Turnbull.[30]

In 2015, Baron Moore was made a trustee of the organisation.

In November 2022, Lord David Frost was listed as a Director of the GWPF on Companies House.[31]

Andrew William Montford has been appointed to run an inquiry into the three British Climategate-inquiries for the Global Warming Policy Foundation.[32] His report The Climategate Inquiries was published in September 2010.[33]

One of the Foundation's trustees, Graham Stringer MP, a Labour party politician, sits on the House of Commons' Science and Technology Committee,[34] a Parliamentary select committee which scrutinises government actions in relation to topics including climate change. Another trustee, Steve Baker MP, sat on the House of Commons' Treasury Select Committee for many years.[35]

In February 2023, former Australian Prime Minister Tony Abbott joined the board of the Foundation.[36]

In October 2023, it was reported in Computer Weekly that John Constable of the GWPF was a member of the "Covid Hunters", a group of Brexit lobbyists who conducted a secret two-year-long attack on the prestigious science journal Nature.[37]

## See also

[edit]

* Global warming controversy
* Lobbying in the United Kingdom
* Climate change in the United Kingdom

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b c d e GWPF, "Financial Statements Year Ended 31 July 2011". Accessed: 7 June 2012.
2. ^ "Ed Miliband clashes with Lord Lawson on global warming". BBC News. news.bbc.co.uk. 6 December 2009. Retrieved 22 December 2009.
3. ^ a b "Nigel Lawson's climate-change denial charity 'intimidated' environmental expert - Climate Change - Environment - The Independent". Independent.co.uk. 11 May 2014. Archived from the original on 11 May 2014. Retrieved 8 September 2022.
4. ^ Wherry, Frederick F.; Schor, Juliet B (2015). The SAGE Encyclopedia of Economics and Society. Sage Publications. p. 1020\. ISBN 978-1-5063-4617-5.
5. ^ "Global Warming Policy Foundation (GWPF) Background". desmog.co.uk.
6. ^ Davies, Caroline; Goldenberg, Suzanne (24 November 2009). "The voices of climate change sceptics : Environment". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 6 January 2012.
7. ^ "Who we are - Board of Trustees". The Global Warming Policy Foundation (GWPF). 15 October 2012. Retrieved 9 February 2020.
8. ^ Judge, Peter (23 November 2009). "Climate Change Deniers Quote Hacked University Data". eWEEK Europe UK. techweekeurope.co.uk. Retrieved 6 January 2012.
9. ^ Leake, Jonathan (29 November 2009). "The great climate change science scandal". The Sunday Times. London. Retrieved 22 December 2009.
10. ^ a b Carrington, Damian (22 November 2011). "Chris Huhne blasts Lord Lawson's climate sceptic thinktank". The Guardian. London.
11. ^ a b Randerson, James (5 December 2009). "Climate sceptics: are they gaining any credence?". The Guardian. London: guardian.co.uk. p. 6. Retrieved 5 December 2009.
12. ^ Black, Robert (22 February 2012). "Confessions of a climate gate-opener". BBC. Retrieved 8 June 2014.
13. ^ Bychawski, Geoghegan, Adam, Peter (4 May 2022). "Exclusive: Influential UK net zero sceptics funded by US oil 'dark money'". OpenDemocracy.`{{cite web}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
14. ^ Bawden, Tom (1 October 2014). "Lord Lawson and his climate change sceptics broke charity bias rules". The Independent. London. Retrieved 18 September 2016.
15. ^ "Operational Case Report: The Global Warming Policy Foundation (1131448)", The Charity Commission, 30 September 2014.
16. ^ "Climate change deniers haul out a daft conspiracy theory about Attenborough's new programme" (Press release). London School of Economics. 10 April 2019. Retrieved 21 January 2020.
17. ^ Bychawski, Adam (4 May 2022). "Exclusive: Influential UK net-zero sceptics funded by US oil 'dark money'". Open Democracy. Retrieved 30 October 2022.
18. ^ Horton, Helena (27 October 2022). "Strip climate sceptic thinktank of charitable status, MPs urge". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 27 October 2022.
19. ^ Horton, Helena (21 November 2022). "Charity Commission reviews complaint against climate sceptic thinktank". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 21 November 2022.
20. ^ Mortimer, Josiah (25 January 2023). "'Climate Sceptic' Think Tank Reports 'Serious Incident' to Charity Watchdog After Lawyers Challenge Tufton Street Group". Byline Times. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
21. ^ Legraien, Lea (31 July 2024). "Charity Commission closes case into climate sceptic think tank after changes made". civilsociety.co.uk. Civil Society Media Ltd. Retrieved 6 September 2024.
22. ^ Ramnarayan, Abhinav (2 December 2009). "Climate change sceptics: Phil Jones inquiry must be 'independent and transparent'". The Times. London. Archived from the original on 6 January 2010. Retrieved 22 December 2009. "The inquiry into the leaked-emails controversy at the University of East Anglia must be independent and transparent for the sake of science, a prominent climate change sceptic group said today. [...] The investigation comes after e-mails between scientists at the CRU were hacked and posted online by climate change sceptics,"
23. ^ a b Aaronovitch, David (24 November 2009). "Strip away the figleaf and reveal naysayers". The Times. London. Retrieved 24 November 2009.[dead link]
24. ^ Hickman, Leo (23 November 2009). "Climate change champion and sceptic both call for inquiry into leaked emails". The Guardian. London: guardian.co.uk. Retrieved 25 November 2009.
25. ^ Aaronovitch, David (24 November 2009). "Strip away the figleaf and reveal naysayers". The Times. London. Retrieved 23 January 2010.[dead link]
26. ^ Davies, Caroline; Goldenberg, Suzanne (24 November 2009). "The voices of climate change sceptics". The Guardian. London/Manchester. Retrieved 22 January 2010.
27. ^ Devlin, Hannah (1 December 2009). "Climate sceptics get it wrong". The Times. Archived from the original on 23 December 2009. Retrieved 25 December 2009.
28. ^ Pearce, Fred. "Montford lands some solid blows in review of 'climategate' inquiries", The Guardian, 14 September 2010.
29. ^ Marshall, Michael (29 October 2022). "Climate change denial charity Global Warming Policy Foundation wins 2022 Rusty Razor award". Retrieved 1 November 2022.
30. ^ "Climate change 'sceptics' know they have lost the argument, but they are still churning out propaganda". Retrieved 21 January 2020.
31. ^ "David George Hamilton FROST personal appointments - Find and update company information - GOV.UK". find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk. Retrieved 17 December 2022.
32. ^ Foster, Peter, "Peter Foster: Checking the hockey team Archived 2010-07-13 at the Wayback Machine", National Post, 9 July 2010. "The third British investigation into the Climategate scandal -- led by former civil servant Sir Muir Russell -- amounts, at best, to a greywash. [...] The U.K.-based Global Warming Policy Foundation, an influential skeptical institution, has now appointed Mr. Montford to run an inquiry into the three British inquiries. There will be no whitewash here, "
33. ^ Randerson, James, "'Climategate' inquiries were 'highly defective', report for sceptic thinktank rules", The Guardian, 14 September 2010.
34. ^ "Science and Technology Committee (Commons)". UK Parliament. Retrieved 12 September 2017.
35. ^ "Parliamentary career for Mr Steve Baker - MPs and Lords - UK Parliament". members.parliament.uk. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
36. ^ Graham Readfearn (7 February 2023). "Former Australian PM Tony Abbott joins board of UK climate sceptic thinktank". The Guardian. Retrieved 18 April 2023.
37. ^ "Top science journal faced secret attacks from Covid conspiracy theory group". Computer Weekly. 3 October 2023. Retrieved 3 October 2023.

## External links

[edit]

* Official website
* "The Global Warming Policy Foundation, registered charity no. 1131448". Charity Commission for England and Wales.