The International (esports)

Annual Dota 2 world championship

The InternationalMost recent season or competition:
The International 2024

Game| Dota 2
Founded| 2011; 13 years ago (2011)
Administrator| Valve
No. of teams|

* 16 teams (2011–2016, 2024–present)
* 18 teams (2017–2021)
* 20 teams (2022–2023)

Most recent
champion(s)| Team Liquid (2024)
Most titles| OG, Team Spirit, Team Liquid (2 titles each)
Tournament format|

* Group stage
* Single round-robin
* Main event
* Double elimination

Official website| dota2.com/esports

The International (TI) is an annual esports world championship for the five-on-five video game Dota 2. Produced by the game's developer Valve, the International is the final event of the Dota Pro Circuit (DPC) and consists of 20 teams: 12 based on final results from the DPC; six from North America, South America, Southeast Asia, China, Eastern Europe, and Western Europe regional leagues; and two from last-chance qualifiers. The International was first held in Germany at the 2011 Gamescom to promote the game's release. It was then held in Seattle, where Valve is headquartered, until it began to be hosted internationally again starting with The International 2018 in Vancouver.

The tournament's prize pool has been crowdfunded via a battle pass system within the game since 2013, with a quarter of all revenue from it directly going towards it. Internationals have the largest single-tournament prize pool of any esport event, with largest reaching US$40 million. The most recent champion is Team Liquid, who won The International 2024, with OG, Team Spirit, and Team Liquid each having won two Internationals since its inception.

## History

[edit]

### Early years

[edit]

The first International was held at Gamescom in 2011.

Valve announced the first edition of The International on August 1, 2011. 16 teams were invited to compete in the tournament, which would also serve as the first public viewing of Dota 2.[1] The tournament was funded by Valve, including the US$1 million grand prize, with Nvidia supplying the hardware.[2][3] It took place at Gamescom in Cologne from August 17–21 the same year.[4] The tournament started with a group stage in which the winners of each of the four groups were entered into a winner's bracket, and the other teams entered the loser's bracket. The rest of the tournament was then played as a double-elimination tournament.[5] The final of this inaugural tournament was between Ukrainian-based Natus Vincere and Chinese-based EHOME, with Natus Vincere winning the series 3–1.[6] EHOME won US$250,000, with the rest of the 14 teams splitting the remaining $350,000.[7]

The International as a recurring annual event was confirmed in May 2012.[8][9] The International 2012 was held at the 2,500 seat Benaroya Hall in Seattle from August 31 to September 2, with teams situated in glass booths on the main stage.[10] The total prize pool remained at $1.6 million, with $1 million for the winning team.[11][12] The previous winners, Natus Vincere, were beaten 3-1 by Chinese team Invictus Gaming in the grand finals.[13] In November 2012, Valve released a free documentary on the event that featured interviews with the teams, and following them from the preliminary stages through to the finale.[14]

### Introduction of crowdfunding

[edit]

The International 2014 at the KeyArena in Seattle

The International 2013 was hosted again at the Benaroya Hall in Seattle from August 7–11. Sixteen teams participated, thirteen of which received direct invitations, and the final three being decided in two qualifying tournaments and a match at the start of the tournament.[15] In May 2013, it was announced that an in-game battle pass, known as the Compendium, would be available for purchase that allowed for the tournament's prize pool to be crowdfunded. A quarter of the total revenue from the Compendium was added to the base $1.6 million prize pool.[16] The prize pool eventually reached over $2.8 million, making it the largest prize pool in esports history at the time.[17] KCPQ news anchor Kaci Aitchison acted as a host at the event, providing behind-the-scenes commentary and player interviews.[18] The International 2013 was viewed by over a million concurrent viewers at its peak, via live streaming websites such as Twitch.[19]

The International 2014 took place from July 18–21 at the KeyArena in Seattle.[20] For the event, eleven teams would receive direct invites, with an additional four spots determined by regional qualifiers taking place between May 12–25. The sixteenth spot would be determined by a wild card qualifier between the runners-up from the regional competitions.[21] The tickets for the event were sold out within an hour of going on sale that April.[22] The tournament's crowdfunded prize pool again broke esport records for being the largest in history, with it totalling over $10.9 million.[23] As a result, eight Dota 2 players became the highest earning players in esports, surpassing the top earning player at the time, Lee "Jaedong" Jae-dong of StarCraft.[24] The event was also broadcast on ESPN networks for the first time.[25]

### Expansion

[edit]

The International 2015 grand final in the KeyArena in Seattle.

The tournament was expanded to 18 teams for The International 2017 onwards, an increase from the previous 16.[26] The International 2020 was the first International to skip a year, as it was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[27][28] Ahead of the event, originally scheduled to be held in Stockholm, Sweden, the Swedish Sports Federation voted to deny recognition of esports as a sporting event, making it difficult for Valve to help international players to secure travel visas for participating there.[29] Valve later rescheduled the event and rebranded it as The International 2021, which was held at the Arena Națională in Bucharest, Romania, in October 2021.[30] It set a record for the largest prize pool of any single esports event at $40 million.[31]

The International 2022 increased to 20 teams and was held in Singapore in October 2022, where it was won by Tundra Esports.[32] It was the first International to not surpass the previous one's prize pool at $18.9 million, the lowest since The International 2015.[33] The International 2023 was hosted at Climate Pledge Arena in Seattle, which was built at the same site as KeyArena, and ran from October 27 to 29.[34][35]

### List of Internationals

[edit]

List of Internationals  Year  | Date  | Teams  | Prize pool  | Champion  | Finals  | Runner-up  | Venue  | Ref.

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

2011  | August 17–21  |

| $1,600,000  | Natus Vincere |

3–1

| EHOME | Koelnmesse (Cologne)  | [36]
2012  | August 31 – September 2  |

| $1,600,000  | Invictus Gaming |

3–1

| Natus Vincere  | Benaroya Hall (Seattle)  | [37]
2013  | August 7–11  |

| $2,874,380  | Alliance |

3–2

| Natus Vincere  | [38]
2014 | July 18–21  |

| $10,923,977  | Newbee |

3–1

| Vici Gaming | KeyArena (Seattle)  | [39]
2015 | August 3–6  |

| $18,429,613  | Evil Geniuses |

3–1

| CDEC Gaming | [40]
2016 | August 3–13  |

| $20,770,460  | Wings Gaming |

3–1

| Digital Chaos | [41]
2017 | August 7–12  |

| $24,787,916  | Team Liquid |

3–0

| Newbee  | [42]
2018 | August 20–25  |

| $25,532,177  | OG |

3–2

| PSG.LGD | Rogers Arena (Vancouver)  | [43]
2019 | August 20–25  |

| $34,330,068  | OG |

3–1

| Team Liquid  | Mercedes-Benz Arena (Shanghai)  | [44]
2020  |

Cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic

| [45]
2021 | October 7–17  |

| $40,018,195  | Team Spirit |

3–2

| PSG.LGD  | Arena Națională (Bucharest)  | [46]
2022 | October 15–30  |

| $18,930,775  | Tundra Esports  |

3–0

| Team Secret |

* Suntec Singapore
* Singapore Indoor Stadium

(Singapore)  | [32]
2023 | October 14–29  |

| $3,143,063  | Team Spirit  |

3–0

| Gaimin Gladiators  |

* Seattle Convention Center
* Climate Pledge Arena

(Seattle)  | [47]
2024 | September 4–15  |

| $2,602,164  | Team Liquid |

3–0

| Gaimin Gladiators  | Royal Arena (Copenhagen)  | [48]

## Format

[edit]

### Invitations

[edit]

The International features a series of tournaments before the event, known as the Dota Pro Circuit (DPC), with the top 12 ranking teams receiving direct invitations based on their final standings.[49][50][51] Besides the directly invited DPC teams, an additional team from the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), China, Europe, North America, South America, and Southeast Asia regions each earn an invite by winning regional playoffs, bringing the total number of participating teams up to 18.[52][53] At the International, two separate best-of-two round robin groups consisting of nine teams each are played, with lowest placed team from both at the end of the stage being eliminated.[54][55][26] The remaining 16 teams then move on to the double elimination main event at the hosted venue, with the top four finishing teams from both groups advancing to the upper bracket, and the bottom four advancing to the lower bracket.[55][54] The first round of the lower bracket is treated as single-elimination, with the loser of each match being immediately eliminated from the tournament.[54][26] Every other round of both brackets is played in a best-of-three series, with the exception being the Grand Finals, which is played between the winners of the upper and lower brackets in a best-of-five series.[54]

### Prize pool

[edit]

Since The International 2013, the tournament's prize pool is primarily crowdfunded through a battle pass called the Compendium, which raises money from players buying them to get exclusive in-game virtual goods and other bonuses.[56][57] 25% of all the revenue made from yearly Compendiums go directly to the prize pool.[58][59] The contribution of players from the game community is the main source of prize pool for the International.[60] Until 2022, each iteration of The International has surpassed the previous one's prize pool. The International 2021 had the largest prize pool, awarding $40 million (£29 million) in total to participating teams.[61][62] Prize pools began to decline by the mid-2020s; The International 2024 had the smallest since the introduction of crowdfunding at $2,602,164.[63]

### Trophy

[edit]

The Aegis of Champions trophy

The Aegis of Champions is a trophy that is awarded to the champions of an International. The reverse side of it is permanently engraved with the names of each player on the winning team.[64][61] The Aegis is a shield inspired by Norse and Chinese designs, with it molded in bronze and silver by the prop studio, Weta Workshop.[64] Miniature replicas of it are also sometimes awarded to compendium owners for having a high enough level in it.[65]

## Media coverage

[edit]

As with traditional sporting events, The International feature pre- and post-game discussion by a panel of analysts (left), with in-match casting being done by play-by-play and color commentators (right).

The primary medium for International coverage is through the video game live streaming platform Twitch, which is done by a selection of dedicated esports organizations and personnel who provide on-site commentary, analysis, match predictions, and player interviews surrounding the event in progress, similar to traditional sporting events.[19][66] Multiple streams are provided in a variety of languages, mainly in English, Russian, and Chinese. The International also sometimes provides a "newcomer stream" that is dedicated to presenting games for viewers unfamiliar with the game.[67]

### Documentaries

[edit]

In 2014, Valve released a free documentary, Free to Play, which followed three players during their time at the first International in 2011.[68][69] In 2016, Valve began producing an episodic-based documentary series titled True Sight, considered a spiritual successor to Free to Play.[70] Several more episodes of it have been filmed, showcasing the 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2021 tournaments.[71][72][73][74]However，True Sight is discontinued after 2022 tournament.

## References

[edit]

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39. ^ Gies, Arthur (July 21, 2014). "Dota 2 team Newbee just won The International 4 — along with the largest eSports prize pool in history". Polygon. Retrieved July 12, 2019.
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58. ^ Gaston, Martin (May 16, 2013). "Dota 2's The International 3 reaches $2m prize pool". GameSpot. Archived from the original on November 18, 2013.
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* men
* men's club
* women
* women's club
* Water polo
* men
* women

|

Individual|

* Aquatic sports
* Archery
* Athletics
* outdoor
* race walking
* Badminton
* men
* women
* mixed
* individual
* Biathlon
* Bobsleigh and skeleton
* Boxing
* women
* Canoeing
* slalom
* sprint
* Cycling
* BMX
* mountain biking
* road
* track
* urban
* Dance sport
* breakdancing
* Equestrianism
* dressage
* eventing
* show jumping
* Fencing
* Golf
* men
* women
* Gymnastics
* artistic
* rhythmic
* trampoline
* Ice skating
* figure
* short track
* speed
* Judo
* Luge
* artificial track
* natural track
* Modern pentathlon
* Rowing
* Sailing
* Olympic Class Combined Worlds
* Shooting
* Skateboarding
* Skiing
* alpine
* Nordic
* freestyle
* snowboarding
* Sport climbing
* Surfing
* Table tennis
* Taekwondo
* Tennis
* men
* women
* Triathlon
* mixed relay
* Weightlifting
* Wrestling

Discontinued|

* Basque pelota
* Croquet
* singles
* team
* Karate
* Lacrosse
* men
* women
* Polo
* Rackets
* Real tennis
* Tug of war
* outdoor
* indoor

Paralympic sports|

| Team|

* Blind football
* Para ice hockey
* men
* women
* Wheelchair basketball
* Wheelchair handball
* Wheelchair rugby
* Wheelchair curling
* mixed team
* Goalball
* Sitting volleyball

|

Individual|

* Archery
* Athletics
* Badminton
* Bobsleigh and skeleton
* Climbing
* Cycling
* track cycling
* road cycling
* Powerlifting
* Shooting
* Snowboard
* Skiing
* alpine
* Nordic
* Swimming
* Table tennis

Combat sports|

* Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu
* Ju-Jitsu World Championships
* Kendo
* Kickboxing (amateur)
* Muaythai
* Sambo
* Sumo
* Wrestling
* beach wrestling
* Wushu

Cue sports|

* Carom billiards
* Three-cushion
* men
* women
* team
* Five-pins
* individual
* team
* artistic
* English billiards
* amateurs
* women
* Pool
* blackball
* chinese eight ball
* eight-ball
* men nine-ball
* women nine-ball
* team nine-ball
* pyramid
* ten-ball
* straight pool
* Snooker
* men
* women
* team
* amateurs
* six-red

Mind sports|

* Backgammon
* Bridge
* Chess
* open
* women
* team
* Draughts
* men
* women
* checkers
* draughts-64
* draughts-64 women
* Go
* Puzzles
* Scrabble
* Sudoku
* Xiangqi

| Esports|

* Call of Duty
* Counter-Strike
* Dota 2
* eSailing
* FIFA
* Fortnite
* League of Legends
* Mobile Legends: Bang Bang
* NES Tetris
* Overwatch
* Pro Evolution Soccer
* Rainbow Six Siege
* Rocket League
* Smite
* StarCraft II
* Valorant

|

Motorsport|

| Auto racing|

* Formula E
* Formula One
* Hill climb
* Karting
* Rallying
* Rallycross
* Rally raid
* Bajas
* Sports Car Endurance
* Touring Car

|

Motorcycle sports|

* Endurance
* Enduro
* SuperEnduro
* Hard Enduro
* team endurance
* Ice racing
* individual
* team
* Grand Prix
* MotoGP
* Moto2
* Moto3
* MotoE
* Motocross
* individual
* women
* nations
* Supercross
* SuperMotocross
* Sidecarcross
* Snowcross
* Production
* Superbike
* Supersport
* Supersport 300
* Women
* Rally raid
* Bajas
* Sidecar
* Speedway
* individual
* team
* long track
* team long track
* flat track
* Supermoto
* team
* Trial
* nations
* E-Bike
* cross

Other|

* Aeroplane sport
* Aerobatic
* Aerobatic GP
* Powerboating
* Aquabike
* F1
* F4s
* offshore
* Radio-controlled racing
* 1:10 electric off-road
* 1:8 nitro off-road
* Tank biathlon

Other sports|

| Team|

* American football
* men
* women
* Australian football
* Baseball5
* Ball hockey
* Bandy
* men
* men's club
* women
* women's club
* Cricket
* Test
* ODI (men)
* ODI (women)
* T20 (men)
* T20 (women)
* Beach handball
* Beach soccer
* Beach tennis
* Canoe polo
* Dancesport
* Formation Latin
* Dodgeball
* Fistball
* Flag football
* Floorball
* men
* women
* Futsal
* men
* women
* men's club
* women
* Indoor hockey
* men
* women
* Inline hockey
* Kabaddi
* Circle
* Standard
* Kho kho
* Korfball
* Lacrosse
* indoor
* Life saving
* Minifootball
* Netball
* Padel tennis
* Quadball
* Ringette
* Rogaining
* Roll Ball
* Roller derby
* men
* women
* Roller hockey
* men
* women
* Rugby league
* men
* men's club
* women
* Rugby union
* men
* women
* Sailing
* Yachts
* Dinghies
* Sepaktakraw
* Socca
* Synchronized skating
* Tchoukball
* Underwater hockey
* Underwater rugby

|

Individual|

* Air sports
* ballooning
* gliding
* parachuting
* paragliding
* Aquatics
* water skiing
* Armwrestling
* Archery
* indoor
* 3D
* field
* Athletics
* cross country
* half marathon
* indoor
* women's decathlon
* relays
* 100 km
* mountain running
* long distance mountain running
* snowshoe running
* skyrunning
* trail running
* Bowling
* Tenpin
* Ninepin (singles, team)
* Bowls
* indoor
* outdoor
* Canoeing
* marathon
* ocean race
* wildwater
* SUP
* canoe sailing
* freestyle
* waveski
* Crokinole
* CrossFit
* Cycling
* cyclo-cross
* indoor
* mountain bike marathon
* trials
* Darts
* WDF
* PDC
* team
* Finswimming
* Fishing
* freshwater
* fly fishing
* Gymnastics
* acrobatic
* aerobic
* parkour
* Ice Climbing
* Modern pentathlon
* biathle
* triathle
* laser run
* Mounted games
* Orienteering
* foot
* ski
* mountain bike
* trail
* Pétanque
* Powerlifting
* Racquetball
* Roller Sports
* artistic skating
* inline alpine
* inline downhill
* inline speed skating
* roller freestyle
* scootering
* Rowing
* coastal
* indoor
* Shooting
* practical handgun
* practical rifle
* practical shotgun
* Skiing
* flying
* speed
* ski mountaineering
* telemarking
* Squash
* individual
* doubles
* team
* Summer biathlon
* Strength athletics
* men
* women
* Surfing
* short board
* long board
* big wave
* SUP/paddleboard
* Swimming
* short course
* Teqball
* Triathlon
* Aquathlon
* Duathlon
* Ironman
* Ironman 70.3
* cross
* cross duathlon
* long distance
* long distance duathlon
* sprint
* winter
* Yo-yo

* See also: World cups

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