The Quarrymen

British skiffle/rock and roll band

The Quarrymen

The Quarrymen performing in Rosebery Street, Liverpool, on 22 June 1957.[1] Left to right: Hanton, Griffiths, Lennon, Garry, Shotton and Davis.

Background information
Also known as|

* Johnny and the Moondogs
* Japage 3
* Long John and the Silver Beatles

Origin| Liverpool, England
Genres|

* Skiffle
* rock and roll

Years active|

* 1956–1960
* 1994–1995
* 1997–present

Labels|

* Griffin
* Quarrymen Records
* Sony BMG

Spinoffs|

* The Beatles

Members|

* Colin Hanton
* Rod Davis
* Len Garry

Past members|

* John Lennon
* Eric Griffiths
* Pete Shotton
* Bill Smith
* Nigel Walley
* Ivan Vaughan
* Paul McCartney
* George Harrison
* John Duff Lowe
* Ken Brown
* Stuart Sutcliffe
* Chas Newby

Website| originalquarrymen.co.uk

The Quarrymen (also written as "the Quarry Men") are a British skiffle and rock and roll group, formed by John Lennon in Liverpool in 1956,[2] which evolved into the Beatles in 1960. Originally consisting of Lennon and several school friends, the Quarrymen took their name from a line in the school song of their school, the Quarry Bank High School. Lennon's mother, Julia, taught her son to play the banjo, showed Lennon and Eric Griffiths how to tune their guitars in a similar way to the banjo, and taught them simple chords and songs.

Lennon founded a skiffle group with his close friend Pete Shotton and after a week of gaining new members, they named themselves the Quarrymen.[3] The Quarrymen played at parties, school dances, cinemas and amateur skiffle contests before Paul McCartney joined in early July 1957. George Harrison joined in early 1958 at McCartney's recommendation, though Lennon initially resisted because he felt Harrison (14 when he was introduced to Lennon) was too young. McCartney and Harrison attended the Liverpool Institute.

The group made an amateur recording in 1958, performing Buddy Holly's "That'll Be the Day" and "In Spite of All the Danger", a song written by McCartney and Harrison. The group moved towards rock and roll, causing several of the original members to leave. This left Lennon, McCartney, and Harrison, who performed under several other names, including Johnny and the Moondogs, Japage 3, and Long John and the Silver Beatles before returning to the Quarrymen name in 1959. In 1960, the group changed their name to "the Beatles" (chosen for its double meaning and as a wink to Buddy Holly's band, "the Crickets").

In 1997, the four surviving original (non-Beatles) members of the Quarrymen reunited to perform at the 40th anniversary celebrations of the garden fête performance at which Lennon had first met McCartney. Since 1998, they have performed in countries outside the UK and released four albums. Three original members still perform as the Quarrymen.

## History

[edit]

### Formation and early performances

[edit]

History of the Beatles

* The Quarrymen
* In Hamburg
* At the Cavern Club
* Decca audition
* Beatlemania
* North American releases
* "More popular than Jesus"
* In Bangor
* In India
* Break-up
* The Beatles Anthology
* Timeline

* v
* t
* e

In the mid-1950s, there was a revival in the United Kingdom of the musical form "skiffle" that had originated in the United States and had been popular in the US in the 1920s, '30s and '40s. In addition to its popularity among British teenagers as music to listen to, it also spawned a craze of teenage boys starting their own groups to perform the music. One of the primary attractions was that it did not require great musical skills or expensive instruments to be played.[4] Early British skiffle was played by traditional jazz musicians, with the most successful British proponent of the genre in the 1950s being Lonnie Donegan.[5] The Quarrymen's initial repertoire included several songs that Donegan had recorded.[6] When Lennon wanted to try making music himself, he and fellow Quarry Bank school friend, Griffiths, took guitar lessons in Hunt's Cross, Liverpool, although Lennon gave up the lessons soon after, as they were based on theory and not actual playing.[7]

As Griffiths already knew how to play the banjo, Lennon's mother showed them how to tune the top four strings of their guitars to the same notes as a banjo, and taught them the chords of D, C, and D7, as well as the Fats Domino song, "Ain't That a Shame".[7][8] They practised at Lennon's aunt's house (called Mendips) at 251 Menlove Avenue where Lennon lived, or at Griffiths' house in Halewood Drive.[9] They learned how to play Lonnie Donegan's "Rock Island Line", "Jump Down Turn Around (Pick a Bale of Cotton)", "Alabamy Bound" and "Cumberland Gap", and later learned how to play two of Elvis Presley's first hits, "That's All Right" and "Mean Woman Blues".[10][9]

Lennon and Griffiths decided to form a skiffle group in November 1956.[11] This initial line-up consisted of Lennon and Griffiths on guitars, Pete Shotton on washboard, and school friend Bill Smith on tea-chest bass.[12][3] Both Lennon and Shotton have been credited with coining the name Quarrymen after a line in their school's song: 'Quarrymen, old before our birth. Straining each muscle and sinew.' The choice of name was tongue-in-cheek as Lennon regarded the reference in the school song to "straining each muscle and sinew" as risible.[6][13] Smith's tenure in the band was extremely short, and he was replaced in quick succession by Nigel Walley, Ivan Vaughan, and Len Garry throughout late 1956 and early 1957.[14] Also during this period, drummer Colin Hanton and banjo player Rod Davis joined the group.[14] This group of Lennon, Griffiths, Shotton, Garry, Hanton, and Davis formed the first stable line-up of the group.

The Quarrymen's instruments

The group first rehearsed in Shotton's house on Vale Road, but because of the noise, his mother told them to use the corrugated air-raid shelter in the back garden.[15] Rehearsals were moved from the cold air-raid shelter to Hanton's or Griffiths' house — as Griffiths' father had died in WWII, and his mother worked all day.[16] The band also often visited Lennon's mother at 1 Blomfield Road, listening to her collection of rock and roll records by Elvis, Shirley and Lee's "Let the Good Times Roll", and Gene Vincent's "Be-Bop-A-Lula" which they added to their repertoire.[17] After his tenure on tea-chest bass, Walley became the group's manager. He sent flyers to local theatres and ballrooms, and put up posters designed by Lennon: "Country-and-western, rock n' roll, skiffle band — The Quarrymen — Open for Engagements — Please Call Nigel Walley, Tel. Gateacre 1715".[16]

Walley managed to secure the group several paid engagements throughout the spring of 1957, including one at The Cavern Club.[18] A jazz club at the time, the Cavern tolerated skiffle as it was considered an offshoot of jazz.[19] Lennon, however, began leading the band in several rock and roll numbers, prompting the club's manager to send up a note ordering the group to "cut out the bloody rock".[20]

In July 1957, Canadian impresario Carroll Levis held a talent contest in Liverpool, the winners of which would appear on the television series Star Search.[21] The Quarrymen played Lonnie Donegan's "Worried Man Blues", and were loudly applauded, but a group from Wales (called the Sunnyside Skiffle Group) "jumped all over the stage" and outshone the static Quarrymen, and were asked by Levis to fill in the last few minutes of the contest with a second song.[22] Lennon argued heatedly with Levis backstage, saying the Sunnyside Skiffle Group had brought a bus full of supporters with them, and were given "the upper hand" advantage by Levis.[22] After the competition, Levis used a clap-o-meter (a machine to measure the decibels of the audience's reaction to the groups) as they were asked to walk back out onto the stage. The Quarrymen and the Sunnyside Skiffle Group tied by both reaching ninety on the meter, but after a second test, the Quarrymen lost by a small margin.[23]

### Paul McCartney joins the group

[edit]

The photograph of the Quarrymen playing at St. Peter's Church garden fête, where Lennon and McCartney first met. From left to right: Griffiths, Hanton, Davis, Lennon, Shotton, Garry

On 6 July 1957, The Quarrymen played at the St. Peter's Church Rose Queen garden fête in Woolton. They first played on the back of a moving flatbed lorry, in a procession of floats that carried the Rose Queen and retiring Rose Queen, Morris dancers, Boy Scouts, Brownies, Girl Guides and Cubs, led by the Band of the Cheshire Yeomanry.[24] At 4:15, they played on a permanent stage in the field behind the church,[25] before a display by the City of Liverpool Police Dogs.[26][27] They were playing "Come Go with Me" when Paul McCartney arrived, and in the Scout hut after the set, Ivan Vaughan introduced McCartney to Lennon, who chatted for a few minutes before the band set up in the church hall for their performance at that evening's "Grand Dance".[28][29] McCartney demonstrated how he tuned his guitar and then sang Eddie Cochran's "Twenty Flight Rock", Gene Vincent's "Be-Bop-a-Lula", and a medley of Little Richard songs.[26][30]

Vaughan and McCartney left before the evening show which started at 8 o'clock.[31] During the performance, there was an unexpected thunderstorm, which made the lights go out.[32] Bob Molyneux, a young schoolmate from Quarry Bank, recorded part of the performance on his Grundig TK8 portable reel-to-reel tape recorder. The tape included versions of Lonnie Donegan's "Puttin' On the Style" and Elvis' "Baby Let's Play House". In 1963, Molyneux offered the tape to Lennon via Ringo Starr, but Lennon never responded, so Molyneux put the tape in a vault.[4][33]

As they were walking home after the evening performance, Lennon and Shotton discussed the afternoon encounter with McCartney, and Lennon said that perhaps they should invite McCartney to join the band. Two weeks later, Shotton encountered McCartney cycling through Woolton, and conveyed Lennon's casual invitation for him to join the Quarrymen, and Vaughan also invited McCartney to join.[26] McCartney said he would join after Scout camp in Hathersage, Derbyshire, and a holiday with his family at the Butlin's holiday camp in Filey, North Yorkshire.[34][35] Shotton and Davis both left the Quarrymen in August, feeling that the group was moving away from skiffle and towards rock, leaving their instruments superfluous.[36][35] When McCartney returned from holiday, he began rehearsing with the Quarrymen, playing songs such as "Bye Bye Love" (The Everly Brothers) and "All Shook Up", which Lennon and the group had been trying to learn, without success.[37]

McCartney made his debut with the band on 18 October 1957 at a Conservative Club social held at the New Clubmoor Hall in the Norris Green section of Liverpool.[38][34] Lennon and McCartney wore cream-coloured sports jackets, which were paid for by the whole group—Walley collected half a crown per week from each member until they were paid for — and the others wore white shirts with tassels and black bootlace ties.[38] To the irritation of the other group members, McCartney endlessly practised the lead guitar intro to "Raunchy". The Quarrymen continued to play sparse gigs throughout the autumn of 1957, mostly for local promoter Charlie McBain.[39] During this period, the group almost entirely excised skiffle from their repertoire, focusing on covers of songs by rock and roll singers such as Elvis Presley, Carl Perkins, Little Richard, and Larry Williams, and the Quarrymen's sound increasingly relied on harmony singing between Lennon and McCartney.[40] An extremely important influence for them at the time was Buddy Holly and his group the Crickets.[41] Around this time, Lennon and McCartney both started writing songs influenced by Holly – Lennon's "Hello Little Girl" and McCartney's "I Lost My Little Girl" – and both were impressed with each other's efforts.[42] The two young men began writing together.[43]

### George Harrison's entry and recording

[edit]

After McCartney's poor performance on lead guitar at the Conservative Club, the group needed another guitarist to accommodate their new rock-focused repertoire; McCartney recommended his school friend George Harrison.[44] Harrison first saw the group perform on 6 February 1958 at Wilson Hall, where McCartney introduced him to Lennon.[45][44] Harrison subsequently auditioned for The Quarrymen in March at Rory Storm's Morgue Skiffle Club, playing "Guitar Boogie Shuffle".[46][47] Lennon thought Harrison (having just turned 15) was too young to join the band, so McCartney engineered another meeting on the upper deck of a Liverpool bus, where Harrison played "Raunchy" for Lennon.[48][49] After McCartney's constant advocacy, Lennon allowed Harrison to join the Quarrymen as lead guitarist.[50][48][51] Harrison's entry into the Quarrymen shifted the group even more away from skiffle, in addition to ending Lennon's use of banjo chords.[52] Around this time, John Duff Lowe, another school friend of McCartney, joined the group on piano.[53]

With Harrison's entry, the Quarrymen now had four guitarists. Lennon and McCartney suggested to Griffiths that he instead buy a bass guitar, but Griffiths refused because of the expense.[54] The two subsequently convinced Nigel Walley, still acting as the group's manager, to fire Griffiths.[55] Walley regretted the incident, and as a result gradually severed his ties with the Quarrymen.[56] Around this same time, Len Garry contracted tubercular meningitis, and spent seven months in the hospital, never playing with the group again.[57] This left Colin Hanton as the last of the group of Lennon's Quarry Bank classmates that originally comprised the group. In March, McCartney bought an Elpico amplifier with two inputs, and he and Harrison added pickups to their guitars, giving the Quarrymen an electric sound for the first time.[58]

"In Spite of All the Danger", the only copy of the shellac acetate containing the only two songs professionally recorded by the Quarrymen

Percy Phillips operated a studio called Phillips' Sound Recording Services at 38 Kensington, Liverpool, between the kitchen and a front room that served as an electrical goods shop.[59] Actors from the Liverpool Playhouse often stayed in the room above the studio, and were asked by Phillips to record monologues and poems. Phillips had just turned 60 years old when Harrison heard about the studio from guitarist Johnny Byrne of the Raving Texans, who had recorded a version of "Butterfly" there on 22 June 1957.[59] The Quarrymen booked a recording session on 12 July 1958.[60] They recorded straight to disc, as tape would have been an extra expense. The sound was recorded live by a single microphone in the centre of the room, and Lennon suggested that Hanton put a scarf over the snare drum to lower the volume.[61] They first recorded "In Spite of All the Danger" a McCartney original (credited as McCartney/Harrison) followed by Buddy Holly's "That'll Be the Day". Both feature Lennon on lead vocals.[62] When the recording was finished, Phillips handed the group a fragile 78rpm record, which was passed around the band for one week each, or lent out to friends. It was later lost until Lowe rediscovered it in 1981, and sold it to McCartney for an undisclosed amount.[61] The recordings would later be issued on the Beatles' album Anthology 1.

### "The rhythm's in the guitars"

[edit]

Soon after the recording session, Hanton had a fight with the rest of the group and quit.[63] Lowe too lost contact with the group after leaving Liverpool Institute, leaving the Quarrymen as just a trio of guitarists: Lennon, McCartney, and Harrison.[63] Lennon's mother was killed in a road accident on 15 July 1958, dealing him a devastating emotional blow.[64] The group remained mostly inactive throughout the summer, as Lennon took up a job in a restaurant at the Liverpool Airport.[65] McCartney and Harrison, meanwhile, went on holiday hitchhiking in Wales, playing with a local skiffle group called The Vikings.[66] Although Lennon, McCartney, and Harrison remained extremely close, the trio only performed a handful of times in the last months of 1958.[67] When asked why they had neither a drummer or a bass player, they would respond "The rhythm's in the guitars."[68]

The Liverpool Empire Theatre, where Johnny and the Moondogs auditioned for Carrol Levis

In the fall of 1958, the group had another chance to audition for Carroll Levis, nearly a year and a half after the Quarrymen's first Star Search.[68] For the audition, the group changed their name to Johnny and the Moondogs.[69] Lennon was without a guitar, his having broken recently.[69] Johnny and the Moondogs passed the first heat of the competition in Liverpool, and were invited to appear in the finals in Manchester.[69] The group performed Buddy Holly's "Think It Over" to positive reception, but were unable to stay until the end of the competition to receive the results.[70] As they were leaving, Lennon saw a cutaway electric guitar by the stage door, picked it up and walked off with it, later saying that the trip "wasn't a total loss."[71][72]

Following their Star Search audition, Johnny and the Moondogs changed their name to Japage 3 (pronounced "Jaypage")[73] (combining letters from each of the member's names: John, Paul, and George).[73] Lennon had a friend from art school, named Derek Hodkin, who owned a tape recorder, and Lennon convinced him to record the group (along with McCartney's brother Mike on drums).[74] The group then asked Hodkin to act as their manager, and he agreed.[75] Despite Hodkin's management, bookings for the group dried up.[76] Harrison began a stint as rhythm guitarist in the Les Stewart Quartet, who had a weekly club engagement.[77] By May, Japage 3 was defunct, although the three continued to see each other socially, and Lennon and McCartney continued to write songs together.[78]

### The Casbah Club and name change to the Beatles

[edit]

McCartney and Lennon playing on the opening night of The Casbah Coffee Club.

In the summer of 1959, Mona Best decided to open a club in her cellar, and offered the Les Stewart Quartet a residency if they would help convert the cellar.[79] Harrison and fellow Quartet guitarist Ken Brown, however, missed a show, causing Les Stewart to fire the two and drop the residency.[80] This caused distress to Best, but Harrison offered a solution: he recruited Lennon and McCartney to play, and they returned to calling themselves the Quarrymen.[81] After helping Best finish converting the cellar, the new four guitarist line-up of the Quarrymen (Lennon, McCartney, Harrison, and Brown) opened the Casbah Coffee Club on 29 August 1959.[82] The opening night performance was attended by about 300 local teenagers, but as the cellar had no air conditioning and people were dancing, the temperature rose until it became hard to breathe.[83] The Quarrymen were afforded the use of Brown's three input amplifier (which, along with McCartney's Elpico, meant that all four guitarists were electric),[84] and sang through one microphone connected to the club's small PA system.[85]

The group continued their Casbah residency for the next 4 months into the new year 1960, occasionally securing other gigs. In January, Brown grew ill and was unable to play the show. Best, however, insisted that the Quarrymen still pay Brown, but Lennon, McCartney, and Harrison refused; the incident resulted in the loss of their residency at the Casbah and Brown's departure from the group.[86] Shortly after, however, Lennon convinced fellow art school student Stuart Sutcliffe to purchase a bass guitar and join the group.[87] The group had no bookings, but began rehearsing vigorously to allow the musical novice Sutcliffe practice on his new instrument.[88]

In early 1960, the Quarrymen returned to Phillips' Sound Recording Services to record Lennon's new original song "One After 909", although this recording does not survive.[89] Around the same time, the three made a rehearsal tape at McCartney's home. Harrison was absent (as he had an apprenticeship), and the tape features several jams and original songs, including the McCartney instrumental "Cayenne".[90] With few gigs during this period the group often wrote letters to secure bookings, several of which survive.[91] The four disliked the Quarrymen name, and went through several others during this period, including Los Paranoias.[92] By March 1960, Lennon and Sutcliffe came up with a new name: The Beatles.[93] The Beatles (after several line-up changes, including adding Mona's son Pete Best on drums) continued to perform around Liverpool and in Hamburg, Germany, before being signed to Parlophone Records in 1962.

### Reformations: 1994–present

[edit]

Since the break-up of the Beatles in 1970 and the murder of John Lennon in 1980, members of the Quarrymen have reunited several times. From 1994 to 1995, Rod Davis and John Lowe recorded an album with studio musicians. This album, Open for Engagements, was released in 1995 under the Quarrymen name.[94][95]

The surviving members of the 1957 line-up of the Quarrymen reunited in 1997 for the 40th anniversary of their performance at the 1957 Woolton village fete, which was the location of the first meeting of Lennon and McCartney. All five surviving members from that day, Pete Shotton, Rod Davis, Len Garry, Eric Griffiths and Colin Hanton, performed. Following this, the group continued to perform, undertaking tours of the United Kingdom, the United States, Germany, Japan, Russia, Cuba and other countries. The group's repertoire focuses on the skiffle and early rock and roll they played in their original incarnation with the added roots rock historical perspective of illustrating how American roots music inspired the nascent Beatles.

In 2000, producer and the Beatles' historian Martin Lewis produced the group performing the Del-Vikings song "Come Go with Me" (the first song McCartney recalled hearing Lennon sing on the first day they met) for use on the soundtrack of the Michael Lindsay-Hogg film Two of Us, a film about the last day that Lennon and McCartney saw each other in April 1976.

Eric Griffiths died in 2005, and Pete Shotton retired, owing to ill health. Shotton died in 2017. As of 2016, Davis, Garry, and Hanton continued to perform around the world. Lowe occasionally performed with them.[96] In September and October 2010, the band undertook a US tour celebrating the 70th birthday of their founder, Lennon. They appeared in a charity concert for Amnesty International honouring Lennon in New York City on Lennon's birthday, Saturday 9 October 2010.[97]

The Quarrymen performing in Liverpool, 2011 (Colin Hanton, Len Garry, Rod Davis)

From 2016 former Beatles bassist Chas Newby performed with the band. He died in May 2023. John Lowe would also die in February 2024.[98]

Since their 1994 reformation, the Quarrymen have recorded four studio albums, consisting mostly of covers of 1950s rock and skiffle. Their first album, Open for Engagements, was released the same year they reformed, in 1994. Their second, Get Back – Together, was released the same year as they reformed again, in 1997 (specifically in September). Their third, Songs We Remember, was released on 29 August 2004, and their fourth studio album, Grey Album, was released in 2012. These albums contain songs that the band performed when their original incarnation was together, and also contain covers of Beatles songs. They also reference the Beatles, as seen with the title of Get Back – Together being a reference to the Beatles song of the same name, and Grey Album being a reference to the Beatles self-titled album, also known as The White Album.

## Members

[edit]

### Current members

[edit]

The current members:[99][100]

* Colin Hanton – drums (1956–1958, 1997–present)
* Rod Davis – banjo (1957); guitar, vocals (1994–1995, 1997–present)
* Len Garry – tea-chest bass (1957–1958); vocals, guitar (1997–present)

### Former members

[edit]

The former members:[99][100]

* John Lennon – vocals, guitar (1956–1960; died 1980)
* Eric Griffiths – guitar (1956–1958, 1997–2005; his death)
* Pete Shotton – washboard (1956–1957, 1997–2000; died 2017); tea-chest bass (1997–2000)
* Bill Smith – tea-chest bass (1956)
* Nigel Walley – tea-chest bass (1956; Subsequently, became "manager" 1956–1958)
* Ivan Vaughan – tea-chest bass (1956–1957; died 1993)
* Paul McCartney – vocals, guitar (1957–1960)
* George Harrison – lead guitar, vocals (1958–1960; died 2001)
* John Duff Lowe – piano, keyboards (1958, 1994–1995; regular guest 2005–2017; died 2024); vocals (1994–1995)
* Ken Brown – guitar (1959–1960; died 2010)
* Stuart Sutcliffe – bass guitar (1960; died 1962)
* Chas Newby – bass guitar (2016–2023; his death. Newby also played bass with the Beatles briefly in 1960)[98]

### Timeline

[edit]

#### 1956–1960

[edit]

#### 1994–present

[edit]

## Discography

[edit]

### Studio albums

[edit]

* Open for Engagements (1994)
* Get Back – Together (1997)
* Songs We Remember (2004)
* Grey Album (2012)

### Live albums

[edit]

* Live at the Halfmoon Pub Putney (2005)
* The Quarrymen Live! In Penny Lane (2020)

### DVD

[edit]

* The Band That Started the Beatles (2009)

### Other recordings

[edit]

* "That'll Be the Day" and "In Spite of All the Danger" (both recorded in 1958) are available on the Beatles album Anthology 1 (1995).
* A number of home rehearsals featuring Lennon, McCartney, Harrison, and Sutcliffe were recorded in early 1960. Three of these were released on Anthology 1, while others have appeared on various bootlegs.
* A 2000 recording of "Come Go with Me" was featured in the film Two of Us.
* An unreleased recording of "Maggie May" was featured in the 2018 film Looking for Lennon.

## See also

[edit]

* Outline of the Beatles
* The Beatles timeline

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ "The Quarrymen's first public performance on 22nd June 1957". Originalquarrymen.co.uk. Retrieved 24 March 2017.
2. ^ "Biographies". Originalquarrymen.co.uk. Retrieved 24 March 2017.
3. ^ a b Lewisohn 2013, p. 104.
4. ^ a b Atkinson, Malcolm. "The Quarry Men's First Recordings". Abbeyrd's Beatle Page. Archived from the original on 11 May 2008. Retrieved 29 June 2008.
5. ^ "'Skiffle king' Donegan dies". BBC. 4 November 2002. Retrieved 29 June 2008.
6. ^ a b Spitz 2005, p. 52.
7. ^ a b Spitz 2005, p. 48.
8. ^ "The Beatles Anthology" DVD (2003) (Episode 1 – 0:14:29) Lennon talking about his mother teaching him "Ain't That a Shame".
9. ^ a b Spitz 2005, p. 49.
10. ^ "The Beatles Anthology" DVD (2003) (Episode 1 – 0:12:39) Harrison talking about Lonnie Donegan and the influence of "Rock Island Line".
11. ^ Lewisohn 2013, p. 103.
12. ^ Spitz 2005, p. 50.
13. ^ "Myth Busting". The Original Quarrymen. Retrieved 17 October 2010.
14. ^ a b Lewisohn 2013, p. 105, 109.
15. ^ Spitz 2005, p. 51.
16. ^ a b Spitz 2005, p. 54.
17. ^ Spitz 2005, p. 55.
18. ^ Lewisohn 2013, p. 108-109.
19. ^ Spitz 2005, p. 65.
20. ^ Lewisohn 2013, p. 109.
21. ^ Lewisohn 2013, p. 124.
22. ^ a b Spitz 2005, p. 57.
23. ^ Spitz 2005, p. 58.
24. ^ Miles 1997, p. 25.
25. ^ "Myth 12". Original Quarrymen. Retrieved 27 May 2011.
26. ^ a b c Miles 1997, p. 26.
27. ^ Spitz 2005, pp. 93–94.
28. ^ "The Beatles Anthology" DVD (2003) (Episode 1 – 0:21:56) Lennon talking 3> about meeting McCartney.
29. ^ Spitz 2005, p. 95.
30. ^ Spitz 2005, p. 96.
31. ^ Spitz 2005, p. 97.
32. ^ O'Donnell, Jim. "The Day John Met Paul". Beatles News Wire. Retrieved 29 June 2008.
33. ^ Kozinn, Allan (21 July 1994). "John Lennon's First Known Recording Is for Sale". The New York Times. Retrieved 29 June 2008.
34. ^ a b Miles 1997, p. 29.
35. ^ a b Spitz 2005, p. 99.
36. ^ Lewisohn 2013, p. 138.
37. ^ Spitz 2005, p. 102.
38. ^ a b Spitz 2005, p. 108.
39. ^ Lewisohn 2013, p. 151.
40. ^ Lewisohn 2013, p. 145, 147.
41. ^ Lewisohn 2013, p. 146-147.
42. ^ Lewisohn 2013, p. 153.
43. ^ Spitz 2005, p. 130.
44. ^ a b Lewisohn 2013, p. 157.
45. ^ Spitz 2005, p. 125.
46. ^ Spitz 2005, p. 126.
47. ^ Harry, Bill. "While My Guitar Gently Weeps: The Tragic Story of Rory Storm & the Hurricanes (page 2)". Bill Harry. Retrieved 27 February 2008.
48. ^ a b Miles 1997, p. 47.
49. ^ Spitz 2005, p. 127.
50. ^ "The Beatles Anthology" DVD (2003) (Episode 1 – 0:21:56) McCartney talking about Harrison being in the band.
51. ^ Spitz 2005, pp. 126–127.
52. ^ Lewisohn 2013, p. 158, 161.
53. ^ Lewisohn 2013, p. 160–161.
54. ^ Lewisohn 2013, p. 163.
55. ^ Lewisohn 2013, p. 163-164.
56. ^ Lewisohn 2013, p. 164.
57. ^ Spitz 2005, p. 128.
58. ^ Lewisohn 2013, p. 163, 171.
59. ^ a b Spitz 2005, p. 141.
60. ^ Spitz 2005, p. 142.
61. ^ a b Spitz 2005, p. 143.
62. ^ Lewisohn 2013, p. 178.
63. ^ a b Lewisohn 2013, p. 179.
64. ^ Miles 1997, p. 50.
65. ^ Lewisohn 2013, p. 184.
66. ^ Lewisohn 2013, p. 187-188.
67. ^ Lewisohn 2013, p. 193, 195.
68. ^ a b Lewisohn 2013, p. 195.
69. ^ a b c Lewisohn 2013, p. 196.
70. ^ Lewisohn 2013, p. 197.
71. ^ "The Beatles Anthology" DVD (2003) (Episode 1 – 0:27:11) McCartney talking about Lennon stealing a guitar.
72. ^ Spitz 2005, pp. 170–171.
73. ^ a b Lewisohn 2013, p. 201.
74. ^ Lewisohn 2013, p. 200.
75. ^ Lewisohn 2013, p. 200-201.
76. ^ Lewisohn 2013, p. 205.
77. ^ Lewisohn 2013, p. 206-207.
78. ^ Lewisohn 2013, p. 213-215.
79. ^ Lewisohn 2013, p. 220.
80. ^ Lewisohn 2013, p. 223.
81. ^ Lewisohn 2013, p. 225.
82. ^ Lewisohn 2013, p. 224-225.
83. ^ Lennon 2005, p. 44.
84. ^ Lewisohn 2013, p. 224.
85. ^ Miles 1997, p. 51.
86. ^ Lewisohn 2013, p. 277.
87. ^ Lewisohn 2013, p. 276.
88. ^ Lewisohn 2013, p. 279.
89. ^ Lewisohn 2013, p. 289.
90. ^ Lewisohn 2013, p. 287-288.
91. ^ Lewisohn 2013, p. 290-291.
92. ^ Lewisohn 2013, p. 291.
93. ^ Lewisohn 2013, p. 291-292.
94. ^ "Open for Engagements – The Quarrymen | Songs, Reviews, Credits". AllMusic. 19 December 1995. Retrieved 24 March 2017.
95. ^ "Bands and Artists: Q: Quarrymen, The: Discography: Open For Engagements". MusicMoz.org. 19 December 1995. Retrieved 24 March 2017.
96. ^ "John Lennon's Original Quarrymen". Original Quarrymen. Retrieved 11 July 2010.
97. ^ "The "Happy Birthday John!" Tour". Original Quarrymen. Retrieved 30 May 2011.
98. ^ a b "Hot News". 26 March 2016. Archived from the original on 26 March 2016. Retrieved 24 March 2017.
99. ^ a b "Myth 6". Originalquarrymen.co.uk. Retrieved 24 March 2017.
100. ^ a b Lewisohn 2013.

## References

[edit]

* Gilliland, John (1969). "The British Are Coming! The British Are Coming!: The U.S.A. is invaded by a wave of long-haired English rockers" (audio). Pop Chronicles. University of North Texas Libraries.
* Harry, Bill (1992). The Ultimate "Beatles" Encyclopedia. Virgin Books. ISBN 978-0-86369-681-7.
* Lennon, Cynthia (2005). John. Hodder & Stoughton. ISBN 978-0-340-89512-2.
* Lewisohn, Mark (2013). The Beatles: All These Years, Vol. 1: Tune In. Crown Archetype. ISBN 978-1-4000-8305-3.
* Miles, Barry (1997). Many Years From Now. Vintage-Random House. ISBN 978-0-7493-8658-0.
* O'Brien, Ray (2005). There are Places I'll Remember: The Venues Where The Beatles Played on Merseyside. The Bluecoat Press. ISBN 978-1-904438-28-1.
* Spitz, Bob (2005). The Beatles: The Biography. Little, Brown and Company (New York). ISBN 978-0-316-80352-6.

## External links

[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to The Quarrymen.

* The Quarrymen official website
* List of concerts Archived 8 April 2008 at the Wayback Machine
* Catherine E. Doyle: "From Blackjacks to Beatles: How the Fab Four Evolved"
* The Quarrymen's First Recordings
* The Quarrymen discography at Discogs
* The Quarrymen at IMDb

* v
* t
* e

The Quarrymen

* Rod Davis
* Len Garry
* Colin Hanton

* John Lennon
* Eric Griffiths
* Pete Shotton
* Bill Smith
* Nigel Walley
* Ivan Vaughan
* Paul McCartney
* George Harrison
* John Duff Lowe
* Ken Brown
* Stuart Sutcliffe
* Chas Newby

Studio albums|

* Open for Engagements (1994)
* Get Back – Together (1997)
* Songs We Remember (2004)
* Grey Album (2012)

Live album|

* Live At The Halfmoon Pub Putney (2005)
* The Quarrymen Live! In Penny Lane (2020)

Songs|

* "Puttin' On the Style"/"Baby, Let's Play House"
* "That'll Be the Day"/"In Spite of All the Danger"
* "Come Go with Me"
* "Twenty Flight Rock"
* "Cayenne"
* "You'll Be Mine"

Related|

* The Beatles
* Members

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The Beatles

* John Lennon
* Paul McCartney
* George Harrison
* Ringo Starr

* Stuart Sutcliffe
* Pete Best
* Chas Newby
* Norman Chapman
* Tommy Moore
* Jimmie Nicol

* Outline
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History|

* The Quarrymen
* In Hamburg
* At the Cavern Club
* Decca audition
* North American releases
* Beatlemania
* "More popular than Jesus"
* In Bangor
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Lists|

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Tours and
performances|

* 1960 Johnny Gentle Tour
* Winter 1963 Helen Shapiro Tour
* 1963 Roy Orbison Tour
* The Ed Sullivan Show appearances
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* 1964 North American tour
* 1965 European tour
* 1965 US tour
* 1965 UK tour
* 1966 tour of Germany, Japan and the Philippines
* 1966 US tour
* Our World performance
* Rooftop concert

Personnel|

| Management|

* Neil Aspinall
* Tony Barrow
* Peter Brown
* Brian Epstein
* Mal Evans
* Dick James
* Freda Kelly
* Allen Klein
* Alan Livingston
* Joseph Lockwood
* Alistair Taylor
* Derek Taylor
* Allan Williams

|

Production|

* Geoff Emerick
* Richard Lush
* George Martin
* Phil McDonald
* Billy Preston
* Ron Richards
* Ken Scott
* Tony Sheridan
* Phil Spector
* Norman Smith
* Chris Thomas

Associated
companies|

* Apple Corps
* Apple Records
* Capitol Records
* EMI
* Harrisongs
* Northern Songs
* Parlophone
* Seltaeb
* Startling Music
* Swan Records
* Tollie Records
* United Artists
* United Artists Records
* Vee-Jay Records

Associated
places|

* 10 Admiral Grove
* 12 Arnold Grove
* 20 Forthlin Road
* 251 Menlove Avenue
* 34 Montagu Square, Marylebone
* Abbey Road, London
* Abbey Road Studios
* Ad Lib Club
* The Bag O'Nails
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* Blue Angel
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* Candlestick Park
* Carnegie Hall
* The Cavern Club
* Cavern Mecca
* Comiskey Park
* The Jacaranda
* Kaiserkeller
* Kinfauns
* London Palladium
* Penny Lane, Liverpool
* 3 Savile Row
* The Scotch of St. James
* Shea Stadium
* St Peter's Church
* Stanley Street
* Star-Club
* Strawberry Field
* Tittenhurst Park
* Top Ten Club

Selected books|

* The Beatles Anthology
* The Beatles: The Authorised Biography
* The Beatles: All These Years
* A Cellarful of Noise
* I, Me, Mine
* Lennon Remembers
* Paul McCartney: Many Years from Now

Other topics|

* Apple Corps v Apple Computer
* Apple scruffs
* Beatle boot
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* Global Beatles Day
* Images of a Woman
* Lennon–McCartney
* "Paul is dead"
* Pop Go the Beatles
* Recording practices
* automatic double tracking
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* The Beatles: Rock Band
* songs
* The Rutles

* Category

* v
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* e

John Lennon

* Discography
* Instruments
* Jukebox
* Song list
* Death

Studio albums|

* John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band
* Imagine
* Mind Games
* Walls and Bridges
* Rock 'n' Roll

with Yoko Ono|

* Unfinished Music No. 1: Two Virgins
* Unfinished Music No. 2: Life with the Lions
* Wedding Album
* Some Time in New York City
* Double Fantasy
* Milk and Honey

Live albums|

* Live Peace in Toronto 1969
* Live Jam
* Live in New York City

Compilations|

| Hits|

* Shaved Fish
* The John Lennon Collection
* Lennon Legend: The Very Best of John Lennon
* Instant Karma: All-Time Greatest Hits
* Working Class Hero: The Definitive Lennon
* Power to the People: The Hits
* Icon

|

Themed|

* Menlove Ave.
* Wonsaponatime
* Acoustic
* Peace, Love & Truth

Box sets|

* Lennon
* John Lennon Anthology
* John Lennon Signature Box
* Gimme Some Truth
* Gimme Some Truth. The Ultimate Mixes

Video|

* The John Lennon Video Collection
* Lennon Legend: The Very Best of John Lennon

Books|

* In His Own Write
* A Spaniard in the Works
* Skywriting by Word of Mouth

Films|

* Self-Portrait (1969)
* Apotheosis (1970)
* Fly (1970)
* Erection (1971)
* Up Your Legs Forever (1971)
* Live in New York City (1972)
* Imagine (1972)

Bootlegs|

* A Toot and a Snore in '74
* S.I.R. John Winston Ono Lennon

Associates|

* The Quarrymen
* The Beatles
* Plastic Ono Band
* David Peel
* The Lower East Side Band
* The Dirty Mac
* May Pang
* Harry Nilsson
* John Sinclair
* Rosaura Lopez

Fictionalised|

* Chapter 27
* In His Life: The John Lennon Story
* John and Yoko: A Love Story
* The Killing of John Lennon
* Lennon Naked
* Birth of the Beatles
* Nowhere Boy
* Backbeat
* Two of Us
* The Lennon Report
* Living Is Easy with Eyes Closed
* Yesterday

Tributes and
memorials|

* The 30th Annual John Lennon Tribute: Live from the Beacon Theatre, NYC
* "All Those Years Ago"
* Come Together: A Night for John Lennon's Words and Music
* "Empty Garden (Hey Hey Johnny)"
* "Here Today"
* Imagine Peace Tower
* "The Immigrant"
* Instant Karma: The Amnesty International Campaign to Save Darfur
* John Lennon Art and Design Building
* John Lennon Museum
* John Lennon Park
* John Lennon Peace Monument
* John Lennon Educational Tour Bus
* "The Late Great Johnny Ace"
* Lennon (musical)
* Lennon Bermuda
* Lennon Wall
* "Life Is Real (Song for Lennon)"
* Liverpool John Lennon Airport
* Non-Violence
* Strawberry Fields
* "Roll On John"
* Working Class Hero: A Tribute to John Lennon
* The Beatles Statue

Related media|

* Imagine: John Lennon
* soundtrack
* I Met the Walrus
* John
* John & Yoko: Above Us Only Sky
* Lennon Remembers
* LennoNYC
* The Lives of John Lennon
* The Lost Lennon Tapes
* Marx & Lennon: The Parallel Sayings
* Nowhere Man: The Final Days of John Lennon
* The Pope Smokes Dope
* Pussy Cats
* The Rolling Stones Rock and Roll Circus
* Roots: John Lennon Sings the Great Rock & Roll Hits
* One to One: John & Yoko
* "That's My Life (My Love and My Home)"
* The U.S. vs. John Lennon
* soundtrack

Other topics|

* 251 Menlove Avenue
* Kenwood
* Tittenhurst Park
* The Dakota
* Bagism
* Bed-in
* Imagine Piano Peace Project
* John Lennon Artificial Intelligence Project
* John Lennon UFO incident
* Lennon–McCartney
* LennonOno Grant for Peace
* Mark David Chapman
* "More popular than Jesus"
* Nutopia
* Toronto Rock and Roll Revival
* Sweet Toronto
* Psychedelic Rolls-Royce
* 4147 Lennon

* Category

* v
* t
* e

Paul McCartney

* Paul "Wix" Wickens
* Rusty Anderson
* Brian Ray
* Abe Laboriel Jr.

* Linda McCartney
* Hamish Stuart
* Robbie McIntosh
* Chris Whitten
* Blair Cunningham

Studio albums|

* McCartney
* Ram
* Thrillington
* McCartney II
* Tug of War
* Pipes of Peace
* Give My Regards to Broad Street
* Press to Play
* Снова в СССР
* Flowers in the Dirt
* Off the Ground
* Flaming Pie
* Run Devil Run
* Driving Rain
* Chaos and Creation in the Backyard
* Memory Almost Full
* Kisses on the Bottom
* New
* Egypt Station
* McCartney III

with Wings|

* Wild Life
* Red Rose Speedway
* Band on the Run
* Venus and Mars
* Wings at the Speed of Sound
* London Town
* Back to the Egg

The Fireman|

* Strawberries Oceans Ships Forest
* Rushes
* Electric Arguments

Classical|

* Paul McCartney's Liverpool Oratorio
* Standing Stone
* Working Classical
* Ecce Cor Meum
* Ocean's Kingdom

Live albums|

* Wings over America (with Wings)
* Tripping the Live Fantastic
* Unplugged (The Official Bootleg)
* Paul Is Live
* Back in the U.S.
* Back in the World Live
* Amoeba's Secret
* Good Evening New York City
* Live in Los Angeles
* Amoeba Gig
* One Hand Clapping

Remix albums|

* Liverpool Sound Collage
* Twin Freaks
* McCartney III Imagined

Compilations|

* Wings Greatest
* All the Best!
* The Paul McCartney Collection
* Wingspan: Hits and History
* Never Stop Doing What You Love
* Pure McCartney
* McCartney I II III
* The 7″ Singles Box

Books|

* High in the Clouds
* Hey Grandude!
* The Lyrics: 1956 to the Present
* 1964: Eyes of the Storm

Filmography|

* A Hard Day's Night (1964)
* Help! (1965)
* Magical Mystery Tour (1967)
* Yellow Submarine (1968)
* Let It Be (1970)
* James Paul McCartney (1973)
* Wings Over the World (1979)
* Back to the Egg (1979)
* Concert for Kampuchea (1980)
* Rockshow (1980)
* Rupert and the Frog Song (1984)
* Give My Regards to Broad Street (1984)
* Put It There (1989)
* MTV Unplugged (1991)
* Get Back (1991)
* Liverpool Oratorio (1991)
* Paul Is Live (1993)
* In the World Tonight (1997)
* Standing Stone (1997)
* Tropic Island Hum (1997)
* Live at the Cavern Club (1999)
* Working Classical (2000)
* Wingspan (2001)
* The Concert for New York City (2001)
* Back in the U.S. (2002)
* Paul McCartney in Red Square (2003)
* The Music and Animation Collection (2004)
* Between Chaos and Creation (2005)
* The Space Within US (2006)
* Memory Almost Full – Deluxe Edition (2007)
* The McCartney Years (2007)
* Ecce Cor Meum (2008)
* Good Evening New York City (2009)
* The Love We Make (2011)
* A Rendez-Vous with Paul McCartney (2013)
* New – Collector's Edition (2014)
* A MusiCares Tribute to Paul McCartney (2015)
* Pure McCartney (2016)
* Carpool Karaoke: When Corden Met McCartney Live from Liverpool (2018)

Bootlegs|

* Cold Cuts
* Costello Album
* A Toot and a Snore in '74
* Return to Pepperland

Tours|

* The Paul McCartney World Tour
* The New World Tour
* Driving World Tour
* The 'US' Tour
* Summer Live '09
* Good Evening Europe Tour
* Up and Coming Tour
* On the Run
* Out There
* One on One
* 2018 Secret Gigs
* Freshen Up
* Got Back

Tributes|

* The Beatles Statue
* The Art of McCartney
* Let Us in Americana: The Music of Paul McCartney
* Pure McCartney (2013 album)

Lists|

* Awards
* Discography
* Music contributions and appearances
* Song recordings

Related media|

* "Cut Me Some Slack"
* The Family Way
* A Garland for Linda
* "Lisa the Vegetarian"
* The McCartney Interview
* Many Years from Now
* Oobu Joobu
* Paul McCartney Archive Collection
* Paul McCartney's Glastonbury Groove
* Two of Us (film)
* Wide Prairie

Other topics|

* 20 Forthlin Road
* The Beatles
* Brian Clarke
* The Fireman
* Lennon–McCartney
* Heather Mills
* MPL Communications
* "Paul is dead"
* Paul McCartney's band
* Personal relationships
* The Quarrymen
* Wings

* Category

* v
* t
* e

George Harrison

Studio albums|

* Wonderwall Music
* Electronic Sound
* All Things Must Pass
* Living in the Material World
* Dark Horse
* Extra Texture (Read All About It)
* Thirty Three & ⅓
* George Harrison
* Somewhere in England
* Gone Troppo
* Cloud Nine
* Brainwashed

Live albums|

* The Concert for Bangladesh
* Live in Japan

Compilations|

* The Best of George Harrison
* Best of Dark Horse 1976–1989
* Let It Roll: Songs by George Harrison
* Early Takes: Volume 1
* Living in the Material World: 50th Anniversary Edition

Box sets|

* The Dark Horse Years 1976–1992
* Collaborations (with Ravi Shankar)
* The Apple Years 1968–75
* George Harrison – The Vinyl Collection

Books|

* I, Me, Mine
* Songs by George Harrison
* Songs by George Harrison 2
* Raga Mala (as editor)

Tours|

* 1974 North American tour with Ravi Shankar
* 1991 Japanese tour with Eric Clapton

Related|

| Articles|

* Discography
* Songs
* Awards and nominations
* 12 Arnold Grove
* Kinfauns
* Friar Park
* Asian Music Circle
* Beware of ABKCO! (bootleg)
* Bhaktivedanta Manor
* The Concert for Bangladesh
* Concert for George
* Dark Horse Records
* Harrisongs
* "Horse to the Water"
* Material World Charitable Foundation
* Stabbing of George Harrison
* Ravi Shankar's Music Festival from India
* Wonderful Today
* 4149 Harrison

|

People|

* John Barham
* The Beatles
* Pattie Boyd (wife)
* Eric Clapton
* Derek and the Dominos
* Olivia Harrison (wife)
* Dhani Harrison (son)
* Jim Keltner
* Jeff Lynne
* A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada
* Billy Preston
* The Quarrymen
* Radha Krishna Temple
* The Rutles
* Ravi Shankar
* Derek Taylor
* Traveling Wilburys
* Klaus Voormann
* Gary Wright

Albums|

* Is This What You Want?
* That's the Way God Planned It
* Doris Troy
* Encouraging Words
* The Radha Krsna Temple
* Joi Bangla (EP)
* Footprint
* Straight Up
* Raga
* Brother
* In Concert 1972
* Ringo
* Shankar Family & Friends
* The Place I Love
* Ravi Shankar's Music Festival from India
* Traveling Wilburys Vol. 1
* Nobody's Child: Romanian Angel Appeal
* Traveling Wilburys Vol. 3
* Ravi Shankar: In Celebration
* Chants of India

Films|

* HandMade Films
* All You Need Is Cash
* Blue Suede Shoes: A Rockabilly Session
* The Concert for Bangladesh (film)
* Concert for George (film)
* George Harrison: Living in the Material World
* Raga

Tributes|

* The Beatles Statue
* Songs from the Material World: A Tribute to George Harrison
* "Never Without You"
* Concert for George (album)
* Harrison on Harrison: Jazz Explorations of George Harrison
* Tribute To
* George Fest

* Category

Authority control databases

International|

* ISNI
* VIAF

Artists|

* MusicBrainz

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