Thomas Means

Not to be confused with Tom Means.

Thomas Williamson Means

Thomas, as he looked after his retirement

Born| November 3, 1803

Spartanburg, South Carolina, United States

Died| June 8, 1890(1890-06-08) (aged 86)

Ashland, Kentucky, United States

Resting place| Woodland Cemetery, Ironton, Ohio
Nationality| American
Occupation| Businessman
Known for| Businessman specializing mainly in the iron industry of the Ohio River Valley
Spouse| Sarah Ellison
Children| John, Margaret, William, Martha Ann, Isabella, Esther Elizabeth, Thomas Williamson, Jr., and Sarah Jane Means
Parent(s)| Col. John and Ann Means (née Williamson)

Thomas Williamson Means (November 3, 1803 – June 8, 1890) was a settler of Hanging Rock, Ohio, and a native of South Carolina. Together with his brother Hugh he became notable in Ashland, Kentucky, after he built the Buena Vista Furnace and became a director of the Kentucky Coal, Iron & Manufacturing Company.[1] He was also the father of Ashland Mayor John Means.[2] Means owned furnaces in Alabama, Kentucky, Ohio, and Virginia.[3]

## Early life and family background

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Thomas' grandfather, William Means, settled in Juniata County, Pennsylvania, and later moved to South Carolina. Several of his sons participated in the American Revolution. His youngest son, Colonel John Means, a native of Union District, South Carolina, became an influential and prominent man in that State. Thinking it better to rear his sons in the free States, he moved to Ohio in 1819, gave his slaves their freedom, and settled in Adams County. Ann Williamson, his wife, was a Carolinian by birth, whose mother, Ann Newton, was a relative of Sir Isaac Newton.[citation needed]

Thomas Means was born on November 3, 1803,[4][5] in Spartanburg, South Carolina, the son of John and Ann (Williamson) Means. Means started his business career at the Union Furnace, then building, and he had the honor of "firing" it.

## Business career

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In 1837, Means and David Sinton became the owners of the Union Furnace, and rebuilt it in 1844. The following year they built the Ohio Furnace, in Scioto County, adjoining. In 1847 he built Buena Vista Furnace, in Kentucky. The Ohio was the first charcoal furnace in the country, which produced as high as ten tons a day, and was the first that averaged over fifteen tons.

In 1852 Means purchased the Bellefontaine Furnace, Kentucky; in 1854 was one of the owners and builders of Vinton Furnace, Ohio; in 1863, in connection with others, bought the Pine Grove Furnace and Hanging Rock Coal Works, and in the following year, with his associates, the Amanda Furnace, Kentucky.

In 1853, next to such notable individuals as the Poage family and Levi Hampton, he was part of a hastily organized company that met with iron manufacturers at Bethesda Church in Ashland, helping to buy fifteen-hundred acres of land for the newly formed Kentucky Coal, Iron & Manufacturing Company.

Under the supervision of Mr. Means and Mr. Sinton experiments for introducing the hot blast were first made, and at their Union Furnace they put up the second hot blast used in the United States. Again in 1860 Means introduced at the Ohio Furnace the Davis hot blast, which greatly improved the charcoal furnace business of the country. He was the originator and first president of the Cincinnati and Big Sandy Packet Company. He established the old Bank of Ashland,[6] and originated the Second National Bank of Ironton, of which he was president after its organization in 1864.[7] Means was one of the incorporators and principal stockholders in the Norton Iron Works, and was one of the largest owners of the stock of the Ironton Iron Railroad.

By the late 1860s, with his son John, Thomas was a member of the Cincinnati, Portsmouth, Big Sandy & Pomeroy Packet Company, which owned and operated a fleet of giant packets and towboats, one of which was named the Thomas W. Means in Thomas' honor.

In 1876–77, Means built the Princess Furnace in Boyd county, Kentucky, an iron-jacketed design that burned stone coal because his nearby Buena Vista Furnace had burned all the charcoal-producing timber in 6000 acres.[8]

## Personal and death

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Mr. Means was married on December 4, 1828, to Sarah Ellison, a native of Buckeye Station, Adams County, Ohio, daughter of John Ellison, an early settler in that county. She died in 1881, at the age of sixty-one, in their home at Hanging Rock.

In 1882 he moved from Hanging Rock to Ashland, Kentucky, where he resided. Possessing a high sense of social and business integrity, his great fortune was the legitimate result of uncommon business ability and judgment. He was considered a man of fine bearing, about six feet in height, and agreeable in manners.

Means died on June 8, 1890. Two years later, Roswell G. Horr listed the Estate of Thomas Means, made in "iron smelting and manufacturing", as one of only 22 "American Millionaires" in Kentucky.[9]

## References

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1. ^ Eugene B. Willard; Daniel Webster Williams; George Ott Newman; Charles Boardman Taylor, eds. (1916). "Part 1, Chapter 5: Pioneer Settlements and Settlers". A Standard History of the Hanging Rock Iron Region of Ohio. Vol. 1\. University City, Missouri: Lewis Publishing Company. pp. 52–54. Retrieved June 23, 2018 - via Google Books.
2. ^ Ashland Centennial Committee (1954). A History of Ashland Kentucky 1786–1954. Kentucky culture series. Ashland, Kentucky: Ashland Centennial Committee.
3. ^ George D. Torok (2004). "Ashland". A Guide to Historic Coal Towns of the Big Sandy River Valley (1 ed.). Knoxville, Tennessee: University of Tennessee Press. pp. 165–168\. ISBN 9781572332829. Retrieved June 23, 2018 - via Google Books.
4. ^ Elizabeth Cissel Foglesong (1972). The Means Family of America. Parsons, West Virginia: McClain Printing Co. pp. 458–462\. ISBN 0870123262. "64\. Thomas Williamson, b. 3 November 1803; d. 1890"
5. ^ Evans, Nelson Wiley; Stivers, Emmons B. (1900). A History of Adams County, Ohio: From Its Earliest Settlement to the Present Time, Including Character Sketches of the Prominent Persons Identified with the First Century of the Country's Growth ... E B. Stivers. p. 590.
6. ^ James Powers; Terry Baldridge (2008). Ashland. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Publishing, 2008. p. 37\. ISBN 9780738567440 - via Google Books.
7. ^ Henry Dudley Teetor. "Bank and Bankers of Cincinnati". Magazine of Western History. Cleveland. p. 254 - via Google Books.
8. ^ Dianne Wells (2002). "1135 Princess Furnace". Roadside History: A Guide to Kentucky Highway Markers. Frankfort: Kentucky Historical Society. p. 110\. ISBN 9780916968298.
9. ^ Roswell G. Horr (1892). "American Millionaires; Occupations in Which Men of Wealth have made their Fortunes". The Tribune Monthly. Library of Tribune Extras. Vol. 4, no. 6\. New York City: Tribune Association. p. 17. Retrieved June 23, 2018 - via Google Books.