Tibeto-Burman migration to Indian subcontinent

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Tibeto-Burman speakers found in the areas marked in orange

The Tibeto-Burman migration to the Indian subcontinent started around 1000 BC.[1] The Tibeto-Burman speakers of the subcontinent are found in Nepal, Northeast India, and the Eastern Himalayas.

## Origin

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The origin of the Tibeto-Burman speakers was located in the upper course of Yangtse and the Haong Ho (Yellow) rivers in North West China.[2][3][4]

## Population

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The Tibeto-Burman speaking groups categorised as tribes constitute 31.36% of the total population of Nepal, 12.5% in Assam, 68.79% in Arunachal Pradesh, 35.14% in Manipur, 94.44% in Mizoram, 86.46% in Nagaland and 31.76% in Tripura.

## See also

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* Tibeto-Burman languages

## References

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1. ^ Chatterji, Suniti Kumar (1985). Saṃskr̥ta Dig-vijaya. Sanskrit College. p. 32\. "We have very little or no evidence as to when the Tibeto - Burman and other tribes speaking languages and dialects of the Sino - Tibetan family first entered India. But as Kirāta tribes, they appear to have entered India 1000 B.C."
2. ^ Choudhury, Pratap Chandra (1966). The History of Civilisation of the People of Assam to the Twelfth Century A.D. Department of Historical and Antiquarian Studies in Assam. p. 83\. "The Upper courses of the Yangtse and the Hoang - ho in North - west China were the original home of the Tibeto - Burman races and they entered Assam through the courses of the rivers Brahmaputra, Chindwin, Irrawaddy, Salween, Mekong, Menam and mountain passes of Assam and Burman through the North-East and South-East direction."
3. ^ Barpujari, H. K. (1990). The Comprehensive History of Assam From the Pre-historic Times to the Twelfth Century A.D. Publication Board, Assam. p. 16\. "There is no doubt that the tribes of north-east India are predominately Mongoloid. The Mongoloid populations entered into region through various routes at different times.Though these populations differ from each other inrespect of certain traits of physical feature, culture and language, yet basically they are of Mongoloid origin and speak languages which could be grouped under a broad heading Tibeto-Burman.The upper courses of the Yangtse Kiang and the Hoang-Ho in northwest China were the original homeland of the Tibeto-Burmans."
4. ^ Hazarika, Joysankar (1996). Geopolitics of North East India: A Strategical Study. Gyan Publishing House. p. 42\. ISBN 9788121205177. "The upper course of the Yangtse and the Hoang - ho in North West China were the original home of the Tibeto - Burman races and they entered Assam through the courses of the rivers Brahmaputra, Chindwin, Irrawaddy, Salween, Mekong, Menam and mountain passes of Assam and Burman through the North-East and South-East direction."

## External links

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* Genetic insights into the origins of Tibeto-Burman populations in the Himalayas

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Early human migrations

Hominin and Homo dispersals

Lower Paleolithic|

* Out of Africa I
* Neanderthal range
* Europe
* Southeast Asia (Burma
* Philippines)

Middle Paleolithic|

* Africa
* Out of Africa II
* Coastal migration
* archaic admixture
* Australia
* Burma
* Philippines
* Europe

Upper Paleolithic|

* LGM refugia
* Mammoth steppe
* Ancient Beringian
* Settlement of the Americas
* Ancient North Eurasians
* Western hunter-gatherers
* Younger Dryas
* Burma
* Philippines

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