Timeline of Brazzaville

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

## 19th century

[edit]

Part of a series on the

History of the
Republic of the Congo
|  Kingdom of Kongo|  1390-1914

|

Kingdom of Loango|  1550-1883
Kongo Civil War|  1665-1709
Colonization|  1876-1885
Atlantic slave trade|
French Congo|  1882-1910
French Equatorial Africa|  1910-1958
Fulbert Youlou|
Trois Glorieuses|  1963
1968 coup d'état|  1968
People's Republic of the Congo|  1970-1992
1990s|
First Civil War|  1993-1994
Second Civil War|  1997-1999
2002 constitutional referendum|  2002
2015 constitutional referendum|  2015
COVID-19 crisis|  2020–present
Republic of the Congo portal

* v
* t
* e

* 1880 - Teke trading site at Pool Malebo "ceded...to French explorer Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza;" named Ncouna.[1]
* 1884 - Ncouna renamed Brazzaville.[1]
* 1886 - Catholic Apostolic Vicariate of French Congo founded.[2]
* 1892 - Sacred Heart Cathedral built.
* 1893 - Palais Épiscopal built.(fr)

## 20th century

[edit]

* 1901 - Palais du Peuple (Brazzaville) [fr] built.[citation needed]
* 1910 - Brazzaville becomes part of colonial French Equatorial Africa.[3]
* 1911 - White residential Poto-Poto neighborhood established.[4]
* 1912 - Town hall built.(fr)
* 1927 - Stade Marchand (stadium) opens.
* 1929 - Urban plan created.(fr)
* 1930 - Activist André Matsoua imprisoned; unrest ensues.[5]
* 1931 - Poste Centrale (post office) built.(fr)[citation needed]
* 1932 - Gare ferroviaire (train station) built.[6]
* 1934 - Congo–Ocean Railway (Pointe-Noire-Brazzaville) begins operating.
* 1940
* Brazzaville becomes capital of government-in-exile of France (Free France) during World War II.[7]
* October: De Gaulle visits city.[5]
* 1943
* Bacongo arrondissement created.[4]
* Basilique Sainte-Anne-du-Congo de Brazzaville [fr] (church) construction begins.[6]
* 1944
* Brazzaville Zoo opens.
* January: Meeting of government-in-exile of France held in Brazzaville.[5]
* 1945 - Population: 50,000 (approximate).[8]
* 1948 - Victor Schoelcher monument erected.[6]
* 1951 - École des peintres de Poto-Poto [fr] founded.[9]
* 1953 - Vog cinema built.(fr)[citation needed]
* 1955 - Palais de Justice (courthouse) built.(fr)[citation needed]
* 1956 - 18 November: Moyen-Congo municipal elections, 1956 held; Fulbert Youlou becomes mayor.[10]
* 1958 - Population: 100,000 (approximate).[8]
* 1959 - Makélékélé and Ouenzé arrondissements created.[4]
* 1960 - City becomes capital of independent Republic of the Congo.[11]
* 1961 - Population: 136,200.[12]
* 1962 - Télé Congo (television) begins broadcasting from Brazzaville.
* 1963 - City hall built.(fr)[citation needed]
* 1965
* Stade de la Révolution (stadium) opens.[citation needed]
* July: 1965 All-Africa Games held in Brazzaville.
* 1970
* Talangaï neighborhood created.[4]
* Population: 200,000 (approximate).[8]
* 1971 - University of Brazzaville and Lycée Français Saint-Exupéry de Brazzaville (school) founded.
* 1975 - Sister/twin city agreement signed with Dresden, Germany.[13]
* 1976 - Development Bank of the Central African States branch in business.[14]
* 1977 - 18 March: Assassination of president Ngouabi.[3]
* 1980
* 5 May: Catholic pope visits city.
* Commune of Brazzaville detaches from the Pool Department.
* Population: 422,000 (approximate).[8]
* 1984 - Population: 596,200.[15]
* 1986 - Nabemba Tower built.[16]
* 1987
* April: 1987 Central African Games held in city.
* Meeting of the Association Internationale des Maires Francophones held in city.
* 1989 - AS Police (football club) formed.[citation needed]
* 1990
* Mfilou arrondissement officially established.[4]
* Population: 760,300 (estimate).[8]
* 1994 - Centre culturel français [fr] built.[17]
* 1996 - Population: 976,806 (estimate).[8]
* 1997 - City taken by pro-Sassou Nguesso forces during the Republic of the Congo Civil War (1997–99).[3]

## 21st century

[edit]

* 2001 - December: Trial of former president Lissouba held in city.[3]
* 2002
* June: "Government troops battle Ninja rebels in Brazzaville."[3]
* Population: 1,242,857 (estimate).[8]
* 2003 - Hugues Ngouelondélé becomes mayor.[10]
* 2004 - July: 2004 African Championships in Athletics held in city.
* 2005 - Feux de Brazza [fr] (music festival) begins.
* 2006 - Mausolée de Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza (memorial) erected.(fr)
* 2009 - 26 August: Airplane crash occurs.
* 2010 - Maya-Maya Airport new terminal opens.
* 2011
* Djiri [fr] and Madibou arrondissements created.[4]
* Institut français du Congo [fr] active.[17]
* 2012
* 4 March: Brazzaville arms dump blasts.[3]
* 30 November: Airplane crash occurs.
* 2015
* Kintélé Sports Complex, Palais des Sports, and Stade Municipal de Kintélé (stadium) open.[16]
* 4–19 September: 2015 African Games held in Brazzaville.
* 27 September: Political protest.[18]
* October: Political protest; crackdown.[19]
* Port Authority Headquarters building constructed.[16]
* 2016 - April: Post-election unrest.[3][20]
* 2017
* August: Christian Roger Okemba becomes mayor.
* Long-planned project to build a Brazzaville-Kinshasa Bridge reactivated.

## See also

[edit]

* Brazzaville history
* List of mayors of Brazzaville
* Timeline and history of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (city across Congo River from Brazzaville)

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b Gondola 2005.
2. ^ "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Republic of the Congo". Norway: Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo. Retrieved 12 September 2017.
3. ^ a b c d e f g "Republic of Congo profile: Timeline". BBC News. 12 July 2011. Retrieved 12 September 2017.
4. ^ a b c d e f "Les arrondissements". Brazzaville.cg (in French). Commune de Brazzaville, Congo. Retrieved 12 September 2017.
5. ^ a b c David R. Devereux (2005). "Colonial Federations: French Equatorial Africa". In Kevin Shillington (ed.). Encyclopedia of African History. Fitzroy Dearborn. pp. 260–261. ISBN 978-1-135-45670-2.
6. ^ a b c "Patrimoines et monuments". Brazzaville.cg (in French). Commune de Brazzaville, Congo. Retrieved 12 September 2017.
7. ^ Muriel E. Chamberlain (2013) [1998]. "Chronology of Decolonisation: the French Empire: French Equatorial Africa". Longman Companion to European Decolonisation in the Twentieth Century. Routledge. p. 163+. ISBN 978-1-317-89744-6.
8. ^ a b c d e f g Ziavoula 2006.
9. ^ Nora Greani (2012). "Soixante ans de création à l'École de peinture de Poto Poto (Congo-Brazzaville)". Cahiers d'études africaines (in French) (205): 259–267 - via Revues.org.
10. ^ a b "Tableau synoptique des maires" (in French). Commune de Brazzaville, Congo. Archived from the original on 31 August 2017.
11. ^ "Brazzaville en bref". Brazzaville.cg (in French). Commune de Brazzaville, Congo. Retrieved 12 September 2017.
12. ^ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1987). "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". 1985 Demographic Yearbook. New York. pp. 247–289.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
13. ^ "Coopération". Brazzaville.cg (in French). Commune de Brazzaville, Congo. Retrieved 12 September 2017.
14. ^ John F. Clark; Samuel Decalo (2012). Historical Dictionary of Republic of the Congo (4th ed.). Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-7989-8.
15. ^ "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2004. United Nations Statistics Division.
16. ^ a b c "Republic of the Congo: Brazzaville". Emporis.com. Hamburg: Emporis GmbH. Archived from the original on September 12, 2017. Retrieved 12 September 2017.`{{cite web}}`: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
17. ^ a b "Présentation du bâtiment". Institutfrancais-congo.com (in French). Brazzaville. Retrieved 12 September 2017.
18. ^ Tens of thousands rally against changes to Congo's constitution, Reuters, 27 September 2015
19. ^ Four killed in protest over plan to extend Congo Republic president's rule, Reuters, 20 October 2015
20. ^ Gunbattles rock Brazzaville in wake of disputed Congo election, Reuters, 4 April 2016

This article incorporates information from the French Wikipedia and Spanish Wikipedia.

## Bibliography

[edit]

in English

* Martin, Phyllis 1995, Leisure and Society in Colonial Brazzaville, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
* Paul Tiyambe Zeleza; Dickson Eyoh, eds. (2003). "Brazzaville, Congo". Encyclopedia of Twentieth-Century African History. Routledge. ISBN 0415234794.
* Charles Didier Gondola (2005). "Brazzaville". In Kevin Shillington (ed.). Encyclopedia of African History. Fitzroy Dearborn. ISBN 978-1-57958-245-6.
* Simon Bekker and Goran Therborn, ed. (2011), "Brazzaville", Capital Cities in Africa: Power and Powerlessness, Dakar: Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa, ISBN 978-2-8697-8495-6

in French

* Charles de Chavannes (1935), Note sur la fondation de Brazzaville en 1884 (in French)
* Pierre Sirven (1972). "Les industries de Brazzaville". Cahiers d'Outre-Mer (in French). 25 - via Persee.fr.
* Roland Pourtier [in French] (2000). "Brazzaville dans la guerre: crise urbaine et violences politiques" [Brazzaville in the war: urban crisis and political violence]. Annales de géographie (in French). 109. doi:10.3406/geo.2000.1901 - via Persee.fr.
* Elisabeth Dorier-Apprill (2001). "Un cycle de guerres urbaines à Brazzaville". Les Annales de la recherche urbaine (in French). 91 (91): 101–110. doi:10.3406/aru.2001.2440 - via Persee.fr.
* Robert Edmond Ziavoula, ed. (2006). Brazzaville, une ville à reconstruire (in French). Paris: Éditions Karthala. ISBN 978-2-8111-4128-8.

## External links

[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to History of Brazzaville.

* "(Brazzaville)". Mukanda: ressources documentaires sur l'Afrique centrale (in French). France: University of Lorraine. (Bibliography)
* "(Brazzaville)". Directory of Open Access Journals. UK. (Bibliography of open access articles)
* Items related to Brazzaville, various dates (via Europeana)
* Items related to Brazzaville, various dates (via Digital Public Library of America)

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