Timeline of Cremona

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Cremona in the Lombardy region of Italy.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

## Prior to 16th century

[edit]

Part of a series on the

History of Italy

Early

* Prehistoric Italy
* Nuragic civilization (18th–3rd c. BC)
* Etruscan civilization (12th–6th c. BC)
* Magna Graecia (8th–3rd c. BC)

Ancient Rome

* Kingdom (753 BC–509 BC)
* Republic (509 BC–27 BC)
* Roman expansion in Italy
* Roman Italy
* Populares and Optimates
* Empire (27 BC–286 AD)
* Western Empire (286 AD–476 AD)
* Praetorian prefecture of Italy

Romano-Barbarian Kingdoms

|  Odoacer's|  476–493

|

Ostrogothic|  493–553
Vandal|  435–534
Lombard|  568–774
Frankish (Carolingian Empire)|  774–962
Germanic (Holy Roman Empire)|  962–1801

Medieval

* Italy in the Middle Ages
* Byzantine reconquest of Italy (6th–8th c.)
* Islam and Normans in southern Italy
* Maritime republics and Italian city-states
* Guelphs and Ghibellines

Early modern

* Italian Renaissance (14th–16th c.)
* Italian Wars (1494–1559)
* Catholic revival (1545–1648)
* Mid-16th c. to early 19th c.
* Napoleonic Italy (1801–1814)

*     * Republic
* Kingdom

* Risorgimento (1815–1871)

* Young Italy

Modern

* Monarchy (1861–1946)
* Colonial Empire (1882–1960)
* Italy in World War I (1914–1918)
* Fascism (1922–1943)
* Italy in World War II (1940–1945)
* Fascist Italian Social Republic, Partisans and Italian Civil War (1943–1945)
* Republic (1946–1994)
* Years of Lead (1970s–1980s)
* Maxi Trial (1986–1992)
* Mani pulite (1992–2001)

Contemporary

* Second Republic (1994–2022)
* Great Recession (2007–2009)
* European migrant crisis (2014–2016)
* COVID-19 pandemic (2020–2023)
* Rinnovamento (2021–present)

By topic

* Citizenship
* Currency and coinage
* Economy
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* Name
* Postage
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Timeline

Italy portal

* v
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* 218 BCE - Cremona becomes part of the Roman Republic.[1][2]
* 89 BCE - Roman citizenship granted to Cremonese.[3]

* 69 CE - Siege of Cremona [it] occurs during the Roman civil war (68-69).[2]
* 450 CE - Roman Catholic Diocese of Cremona established (approximate date).[4]
* 550 CE - Byzantines in power; town called "Cataulada."[1]
* 603 CE - Town sacked by Lombard forces of Agilulf.[3][2]
* 774 - Franks in power in region.[1]
* 962 - Liutprand of Cremona becomes bishop.[3]
* 1022 - Ruler Landolfo ousted.[2]
* 1098 - Commune established.[3]
* 1116 - Office of consul active (approximate date).[3]
* 1167
* Cremona joins the Lombard League.[1]
* Cremona Baptistery built.[2]
* 1190 - Cremona Cathedral consecrated.[2]
* 1250 - Parma-Cremona conflict.[2]
* 1291 - Torrazzo of Cremona (tower) built.[2]
* 1311 - Cremona sacked by forces of Henry VII, Holy Roman Emperor.[2]
* 1322 - Galeazzo I Visconti in power.[2]
* 1406 - Cabrino Fondulo [it] in power.[2]
* 1419 - Filippo Maria Visconti in power.[2]
* 1473 - Printing press in operation.[5][6]
* 1499 - Venetians in power.[2]

## 16th-19th centuries

[edit]

* 1505 - Future luthier Andrea Amati born in Cremona.[1]
* 1512 - Maximilian Sforza in power.[2]
* 1535 - Spaniards in power in Lombardy region.[2]
* 1565 - Contado di Cremona [it] (administrative region) formed.[7]
* 1567 - Future composer Claudio Monteverdi born in Cremona.[1]
* 1588 - Astronomical clock installed in the Torrazzo.[citation needed]
* 1644 - Future luthier Antonio Stradivari born in Cremona.[1][8]
* 1668 - Population: 10,000.[2]
* 1676 - Accademia dei Disuniti formed.[9]
* 1702 - Battle of Cremona fought during the War of the Spanish Succession.
* 1707 - Austrians in power.[1]
* 1747 - Teatro Nazari (theatre) opens.
* 1775 - Jesuit library [it] opens.[10]
* 1814 - Austrians in power in Lombardy region.[2]
* 1848 - Revolution of 1848.[1]
* 1859
* Cremona becomes part of the Kingdom of Italy.[2]
* Circondario di Cremona [it] (provincial district) established.
* 1863 - Treviglio–Cremona railway begins operating & Cremona railway station opens.
* 1866 - Pavia–Cremona railway and Brescia–Cremona railway begin operating.
* 1875 - Interessi Cremonesi newspaper begins publication.[11]
* 1879 - Provincia newspaper begins publication.[12]
* 1897 - Population: 37,632.[13]

## 20th century

[edit]

* 1901 - Population: 39,344.[2]
* 1903 - U.S. Cremonese (football club) formed.
* 1906 - Cremona–Fidenza railway begins operating.
* 1911 - Population: 40,436.[14]
* 1916 - Cremona tram [it] begins operating.
* 1922 - "Fascist squads devastated the headquarters" of the Italian People's Party in Cremona.[15]
* 1928 - Museo Civico Ala Ponzone (museum) opens in the Palazzo Affaitati [it].[16]
* 1929 - Stadio Giovanni Zini (stadium) opens.
* 1933 - Piacenza–Cremona railway begins operating.
* 1940 - Cremona trolleybus [it] begins operating.
* 1947 - La Provincia di Cremona newspaper begins publication.[17]
* 1971 - Population: 82,904.(it)
* 1994 - Biblioteca del Centro di Documentezione Ambientale [it] (library) established.[18]

## 21st century

[edit]

* 2012 - UNESCO recognized the "Traditional violin craftsmanship in Cremona" as intangible cultural heritage
* 2013 - Population: 72,137.[19]
* 2014 - Gianluca Galimberti becomes mayor.
* 2019 - The Museo del Violino commences the "Stradivarius Sound Bank" preservation project.[20]

## See also

[edit]

* Cremona history (it)
* List of mayors of Cremona
* List of bishops of Cremona (in Italian)
* Lombardy history (region)
* History of Lombardy [it] (region)

Timelines of other cities in the macroregion of Northwest Italy:(it)

* Liguria region: Timeline of Genoa
* Lombardy region: Timeline of Bergamo; Brescia; Mantua; Milan; Pavia
* Piedmont region: Timeline of Novara; Turin

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b c d e f g h i Domenico 2002.
2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Britannica 1910.
3. ^ a b c d e Kleinhenz 2004.
4. ^ "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Italy". Norway: Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo. Retrieved 25 January 2017.
5. ^ Henri Bouchot (1890). "Topographical index of the principal towns where early printing presses were established". In H. Grevel (ed.). The book: its printers, illustrators, and binders, from Gutenberg to the present time. London: H. Grevel & Co.
6. ^ Robert Proctor (1898). "Books Printed From Types: Italy: Cremona". Index to the Early Printed Books in the British Museum. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner and Company. hdl:2027/uc1.c3450631.
7. ^ "Istituzioni: Cremona". Lombardia Beni Culturali (in Italian). Regione Lombardia. Retrieved 25 January 2017.
8. ^ "Venice and Northern Italy, 1400–1600 A.D.: Key Events". Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved 25 January 2017.
9. ^ "Accademia", Enciclopedia Italiana (Treccani) (in Italian), 1929
10. ^ "Biblioteca statale di Cremona" (in Italian). Retrieved 25 January 2017.
11. ^ "Giornali e giornalisti", Almanacco Italiano (in Italian), Florence: R. Bemporad & figlio [it], 1896, pp. 431++[it]&rft.date=1896&rft_id=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y8ATAAAAYAAJ&pg;=PA431&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Timeline+of+Cremona" class="Z3988"> (List of newspapers)
12. ^ Berger 1899.
13. ^ "Italy". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1899. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590550 – via HathiTrust.
14. ^ "Italy". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1913. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368374.
15. ^ Mark Gilbert; Robert K. Nilsson (2007). Historical Dictionary of Modern Italy. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6428-3.
16. ^ "MiBACT" (in English and Italian). Ministero dei beni e delle attività culturali e del turismo. Retrieved 25 January 2017.
17. ^ "Italy". Western Europe. Regional Surveys of the World (5th ed.). Europa Publications. 2003. ISBN 978-1-85743-152-0.
18. ^ "(Comune: Cremona)". Anagrafe delle biblioteche italiane [it] (Registry of Italian Libraries) (in Italian). Istituto Centrale per il Catalogo Unico. Retrieved 25 January 2017.+[it]+(Registry+of+Italian+Libraries)&rft.atitle=(Comune:+Cremona)&rft_id=http://anagrafe.iccu.sbn.it/opencms/opencms/&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Timeline+of+Cremona" class="Z3988">
19. ^ "Resident Population". Demo-Geodemo. Istituto Nazionale di Statistica. Retrieved 25 January 2017.
20. ^ Paradiso, Max (2019-01-17). "To Save the Sound of a Stradivarius, a Whole City Must Keep Quiet". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2019-01-22.

This article incorporates information from the Italian Wikipedia.

## Bibliography

[edit]

### in English

[edit]

* William Smith, ed. (1872) [1854]. "Cremona". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. London: John Murray. hdl:2027/hvd.ah5cuq.
* "Cremona", Hand-book for Travellers in Northern Italy (16th ed.), London: John Murray, 1897, OCLC 2231483
* "Cremona". Chambers's Encyclopaedia. London. 1901. hdl:2027/hvd.hn52k6.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
* "Cremona", Jewish Encyclopedia, vol. 4, New York, 1903, hdl:2027/mdp.49015002282284`{{citation}}`: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
* Ashby, Thomas (1910). "Cremona" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 7 (11th ed.). pp. 407–408.
* Edward Hutton (1912), "Cremona", The Cities of Lombardy, New York: Macmillan Co.
* "Cremona", Northern Italy (14th ed.), Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1913 (+ 1870 ed.)
* Egerton R. Williams Jr. (1914), "Cremona (etc.)", Lombard Towns of Italy, London: Smith, Elder & Co.
* Roy Domenico (2002). "Lombardy: Cremona". Regions of Italy: a Reference Guide to History and Culture. Greenwood. pp. 192+. ISBN 0313307334.
* Christopher Kleinhenz, ed. (2004). "Cremona". Medieval Italy: an Encyclopedia. Routledge. pp. 263+. ISBN 0415939291.
* Marco Gentile (2010). "From commune to regional state: political experiments in 14th-century Cremona". In John E. Law; Bernadette Paton (eds.). Communes and Despots in Medieval and Renaissance Italy. Ashgate. ISBN 978-0-7546-6508-3.
* Christoph Friedrich Weber (2013). "Cremona: a case study". In Frances Andrews (ed.). Churchmen and Urban Government in Late Medieval Italy, c.1200–c.1450. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781107044265.

### in Italian

[edit]

* Giuseppe Picenardi (1820). Nuova guida di Cremona. Giuseppe Feraboli.
* "Cremona". Nuova Enciclopedia Italiana (in Italian). Vol. 6 (6th ed.). Turin: Unione Tipografico-Editrice Torinese. 1878. hdl:2027/nnc1.cu08473730.
* Carlo Lozzi (1887). "Storie de'Municipii: Cremona". Biblioteca istorica della antica e nuova Italia (in Italian). Vol. 1\. Imola. pp. 256+. OCLC 12117233.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) (bibliography)
* Nicola Bernardini, ed. (1890). "Provincia di Cremona". Guida della stampa periodica italiana (in Italian). Lecce: R. Tipografia editrice salentina dei fratelli Spacciante. hdl:2027/njp.32101074983378.
* Henry Berger, ed. (1899), "Giornali Italiani (per ordine di localita): Cremona", Annuario della stampa italiana (in Italian), Milan`{{citation}}`: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
* "Cremona". Piemonte, Lombardia, Canton Ticino. Guida d'Italia (in Italian). Milan: Touring Club Italiano. 1916. p. 441+. hdl:2027/uiuo.ark:/13960/t1rf92c9w.
* "Cremona", Enciclopedia Italiana (Treccani) (in Italian), 1931

## External links

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to History of Cremona.

* Archivio di Stato di Cremona (state archives)
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