Timeline of Dar es Salaam

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

## Prior to 20th century

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Part of a series on the

History of Tanzania
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Pre-colonial period

* Oldowan stone tool culture
* Olduvai Gorge
* Laetoli footprints
* Mumba Cave hunter-gatherers
* Cushitic expansion
* Luxmanda
* Bantu expansion
* Nilotic expansion
* Indian Ocean trade
* History of Zanzibar
* Menouthias
* Rhapta
* Urewe culture
* Swahili culture
* Kilwa Sultanate
* Engaruka

Colonial period

* Vasco da Gama and Portuguese expansion
* Omani Empire
* East African slave trade
* Sultanate of Zanzibar
* Zanzibar slave trade
* Scramble for Africa
* German East Africa
* Heligoland–Zanzibar Treaty
* Maji Maji Rebellion
* East African Campaign
* British East Africa
* Tanganyika Territory

Modern history

* Tanganyika
* Zanzibar Revolution
* Julius Nyerere
* Ujamaa
* Uganda–Tanzania War
* 1998 United States embassy bombings
* East African Community
* COVID-19 pandemic in Tanzania

Tanzania portal

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* 1862 – Town founded by Majid bin Said of Zanzibar near Mzizima village.[1][2]
* 1872 – Hurricane.[3]
* 1887
* Town "taken by Carl Peters for German East Africa Company."[1]
* Lutheran Mission built.[4]
* Catholic diocese of Southern Zanguebar established.[5]
* 1891 – Capital of German East Africa relocated to Dar es Salaam from Bagamoyo.[6]
* 1893 – Dar es Salaam Botanical Gardens established.[7]
* 1894 – Lighthouse built.[3]
* 1897 – Ocean Road Hospital built.[4]
* 1899 – Deutsch-Ostafrikanische Zeitung (newspaper) begins publication.[8]
* 1900 – "Port facilities" built.[3]

## 20th century

[edit]

### 1900s-1950s

[edit]

* 1901 - Lutheran Church built.[4]
* 1903 - New Boma (district office) built.[4]
* 1905
* Baugesellschaft Daressalam (construction firm) in business.[9]
* St. Joseph's Cathedral consecrated.
* 1906 – Kaiserhof (hotel) in business.[9]
* 1907 – Morogoro-Dar es Salaam railway built.[9]
* 1911 – Post office built.[4]
* 1914 – Kigoma-Dar es Salaam railway begins operating.[10]
* 1916 – 3 September: Town captured by British forces.[1][11]
* 1919 - Town becomes capital of British Tanganyika Territory.[12]
* 1922 – State House built.[4]
* 1926 – Legislative Council of Tanzania headquartered in Dar es Salaam.[13]
* 1929 – Tanganyika African Association active.[14]
* 1930 - Daily News begins publication.[15]
* 1931 – Sudanese Association formed.[16]
* 1933 - Yacht Club opens.[4]
* 1936 - New Wanyamwezi Association founded.[16]
* 1938 – Wazaramo Union founded.[17]
* 1940 - George V Memorial Museum opens.[7]
* 1945 - Township ward council instituted.[18]
* 1948 - Population: 69,227.[19]
* 1953 – Metropolitan Catholic Archdiocese of Dar-es-Salaam established.[5]
* 1954 – Tanganyika African National Union headquartered in Dar es Salaam.[18]

### 1960s–1990s

[edit]

* 1960 – Population: 74,036.[1]
* 1961
* City becomes capital of Tanganyika.
* University College[20] and Alliance Française de Dar es Salaam established.[21]
* 1963 – Tanzania Library Services headquartered in city.[7]
* 1964
* City becomes capital of the United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar.[22]
* Aga Khan Hospital, Dar es Salaam established.
* 1965
* Radio Tanzania Dar es Salaam active.[23][24]
* Bank of Tanzania headquarters[25] and Kilimanjaro Hotel built.[4]
* Public library opens.[7]
* 1966
* Oil refinery begins operating.[10]
* TANU Youth League Centre opens.[26]
* 1967 - Aga Khan Mzizima Secondary School built.[27]
* 1968 – Tazama oil pipeline begins operating.[10][26]
* 1970 – University of Dar es Salaam established.
* 1975
* TAZARA Railway begins operating.[10]
* Population: 517,000.[28]
* 1977 – October: Chama Cha Mapinduzi (political party) convenes in city.[26]
* 1978 – Mlimani Park Orchestra formed.[24][29]
* 1979 – Airport expanded.[citation needed]
* 1985 – Population: 1,046,000 (urban agglomeration).[30]
* 1990 – Population: 1,316,000 (urban agglomeration).[30]
* 1991 – Mkuki na Nyota publisher in business.[31]
* 1992 – "Sustainable Dar es Salaam Program" introduced.[2]
* 1993
* Mawingu Studio established.[23]
* Aga Khan Primary School opens.[27]
* 1995
* International Medical and Technological University established.[7]
* Doctor's strike.[26]
* Population: 1,668,000 (urban agglomeration).[30]
* 1996 – National Assembly of Tanzania relocated from Dar es Salaam to Dodoma.
* 1997
* Dar es Salaam Institute of Technology established.[7]
* New Africa Hotel built.[4]
* 1998 – 7 August: United States embassy bombing.
* 2000
* Fish market built.[4]
* Population: 2,116,000 (urban agglomeration).[30]

## 21st century

[edit]

Dar es Salaam, 2012

* 2001
* April: Political demonstration.[22]
* African Stars Entertainment in business.[32][23]
* 2002 – National Records and Archives Management Department headquartered in city.[7]
* 2005 – Population: 2,683,000 (urban agglomeration).[30]
* 2006 – Adam Kimbisa becomes mayor.
* 2010
* Didas Massaburi becomes mayor.[citation needed]
* May: World Economic Forum on Africa held.[33]
* Population: 3,415,000 (urban agglomeration).[30]
* 2011 - December: Flood.[34]
* 2012
* October: Muslim-Christian unrest.[22][35]
* Population: 4,364,541 metro.
* 2013 - 29 March: Building collapse on Indira Gandhi Street.
* 2018 – Population: 5,147,070 (estimate).[36]
* 2021 – Shooting.

## See also

[edit]

* Dar es Salaam history
* List of mayors of Dar es Salaam
* Districts of Dar es Salaam Region
* Timelines of other cities in Tanzania: Zanzibar City
* Timeline of Tanzanian history

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b c d Webster's Geographical Dictionary, USA: G. & C. Merriam Co., 1960, OL 5812502M
2. ^ a b Appiah 2005.
3. ^ a b c B.S. Hoyle (2012). Seaports and Development: The Experience of Kenya and Tanzania. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-136-86604-3.
4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Hoyle 2002.
5. ^ a b "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Tanzania". www.katolsk.no. Norway: Oslo katolske bispedømme (Oslo Catholic Diocese). Retrieved 9 September 2014.
6. ^ Fabian 2007.
7. ^ a b c d e f g Janet Kaaya (2010), "Tanzania: Libraries, Archives, Museums and Information Systems", in Marcia J. Bates (ed.), Encyclopedia of Library and Information Sciences, Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, ISBN 9780849397127
8. ^ "Dar es Salaam – Newspapers". Chicago, USA: Center for Research Libraries. Global Resources Network. Retrieved 9 September 2014.
9. ^ a b c Rudolf Fitzner, ed. (1908). "Deutsch-Ostafrika". Deutsches Kolonial-Handbuch (in German). Berlin: Hermann Paetel.
10. ^ a b c d Hoyle 1978.
11. ^ Stephen Pope; Elizabeth-Anne Wheal (1995). "Select Chronology". Dictionary of the First World War. Macmillan. p. 523+. ISBN 978-0-85052-979-1.
12. ^ "Tanganyika Territory". The Statesman's Year-book. New York: St. Martin's Press. 1920. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368457.
13. ^ "History". Parliament of Tanzania. Archived from the original on 24 September 2014. Retrieved 9 September 2014.
14. ^ John Iliffe (1979), Modern history of Tanganyika, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0521220246
15. ^ "Tanzania and Zanzibar: News". Africa South of the Sahara: Selected Internet Resources. California: Stanford University. Retrieved 6 May 2013.
16. ^ a b John Iliffe (1979). "Townsmen and Workers". Modern History of Tanganyika. African Studies Series. Cambridge University Press. pp. 381–404\. ISBN 978-0-521-29611-3.
17. ^ James R. Brennan (2012). Taifa: Making Nation and Race in Urban Tanzania. Ohio University Press. ISBN 978-0-8214-4417-7.
18. ^ a b Brennan 2006.
19. ^ "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1955. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations.
20. ^ "Background". University of Dar es Salaam. Retrieved 6 May 2013.
21. ^ "Alliance Française in Dar es Salaam". French Embassy in Dar es Salaam. Retrieved 13 May 2013.
22. ^ a b c "Tanzania Profile: Timeline". BBC News. 9 July 2011. Retrieved 6 May 2013.
23. ^ a b c Perullo 2011.
24. ^ a b "About the Archives", Tanzania Heritage Project: Reviving Tanzania's Reel-to-Reel Archives, 11 November 2010, retrieved 31 August 2015
25. ^ ArchNet. "Dar es Salaam". USA: MIT School of Architecture and Planning. Archived from the original on 11 September 2011.
26. ^ a b c d Jacqueline Audrey Kalley; et al., eds. (1999). Southern African Political History: A Chronology of Key Political Events from Independence to Mid-1997. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-313-30247-3.
27. ^ a b Aga Khan Schools. "History of Aga Khan Education Services, Tanzania". Aga Khan Development Network. Retrieved 6 May 2013.
28. ^ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1976). "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1975. New York. pp. 253–279.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
29. ^ "Where Tanzania Taps Its Feet", New York Times, 18 February 2014
30. ^ a b c d e f The State of African Cities 2014. United Nations Human Settlements Programme. 10 September 2015. ISBN 978-92-1-132598-0. Archived from the original on 10 September 2014.
31. ^ "Archives, Libraries, Bibliographies, Book Dealers & Publishers on Africa". Virtual Libraries: African Studies. New York, USA: Columbia University Libraries. Retrieved 9 September 2014.
32. ^ "ASET". Dar es Salaam. Retrieved 6 May 2013.
33. ^ Andreas Mehler; et al., eds. (2011). Africa Yearbook: Politics, Economy and Society South of the Sahara in 2010. Vol. 7\. Koninklijke Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-20556-7.
34. ^ Andreas Mehler; et al., eds. (2012). "Tanzania". Africa Yearbook: Politics, Economy and Society South of the Sahara in 2011. Vol. 8\. Koninklijke Brill. pp. 407–420\. ISBN 978-90-04-24178-7.
35. ^ K. Hirschler and R. Hofmeier (2013). "Tanzania". In Andreas Mehler; et al. (eds.). Africa Yearbook: Politics, Economy and Society South of the Sahara in 2012. Vol. 9\. Koninklijke Brill. p. 407+. ISBN 978-90-04-25600-2.
36. ^ "Table 8 – Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants", Demographic Yearbook – 2018, United Nations

This article incorporates information from the Italian Wikipedia.

## Bibliography

[edit]

Published in 20th century

* Lothaire Loewenbach (1908), "De Zanzibar a Dar-es-Salam", Promenade autour de l'Afrique, 1907: Syrie, Palestine, Eǵypte, Soudan, Transvaal, Rhodésie, Le Cap, Saint-Héléne (in French), Paris: E. Flammarion
* "Dar es Salaam". Brockhaus' Konversations-Lexikon (in German) (14th ed.). Leipzig: Brockhaus. 1908.
* "Daressalam". Deutsches Kolonial-Lexikon (in German). 1920 - via Universitätsbibliothek Frankfurt.
* "Dar es Salaam District". Red Book 1922–23: Handbook and Directory for Kenya Colony and Protectorate, Uganda Protectorate, Tanganyika Territory, and Zanzibar Sultanate. Nairobi: East Africa Standard Ltd. 1922.
* Clement Gillman (1945). "Dar es Salaam 1860–1940: A Story of Growth and Change". Tanganyika Notes and Records. 20. ISSN 0856-2725.
* John E.G. Sutton (1970). "Dar es Salaam, A Sketch of a Hundred Years". Tanganyika Notes and Records. 71.
* John E.G. Sutton (1970). Dar es Salaam: City, Port, and Region.
* B.S. Hoyle (1978). "African Politics and Port Expansion at Dar es Salaam". Geographical Review. 68 (1): 31–50\. doi:10.2307/213509. JSTOR 213509.
* Marshall Macklin Monoghan (1978), Dar es Salaam Masterplan, Toronto`{{citation}}`: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
* Deborah F. Bryceson (1987). "A Century of Food Supply in Dar es Salaam". In Jane I. Guyer (ed.). Feeding African Cities: Studies in Regional Social History. UK: Manchester University Press. ISBN 0719022142.
* Jurgen Becher (1997). Dar es Salaam, Tanga und Tabora: Stadtentwicklung in Tansania unter deutscher Kolonialherrschaft, 1885-1914 (in German). Stuttgart.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
* Laura Sykes; Uma Waide (1997). Dar es Salaam: a dozen drives around the city. Mkuki Na Nyota Publishers. ISBN 9976973357.
* Mary Fitzpatrick (1999), "Dar es Salaam", Tanzania, Zanzibar & Pemba, Lonely Planet, p. 122+, OL 8314875M

Published in 21st century

* R. Mhamba; C. Titus (2001). "Reactions to Deteriorating Provision of Public Services in Dar es Salaam". In Arne Tostensen; et al. (eds.). Associational Life in African Cities: Popular Responses to the Urban Crisis. Sweden: Nordiska Afrikainstitutet. ISBN 978-91-7106-465-3.
* Brian Hoyle (2002). "Port-City Renewal in Developing Countries the Waterfront at Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania". Erdkunde. 56. ISSN 0014-0015.
* Paul Tiyambe Zeleza; Dickson Eyoh, eds. (2003). "Dar es Salaam, Tanzania". Encyclopedia of Twentieth-Century African History. Routledge. ISBN 0415234794.
* Kwame Anthony Appiah and Henry Louis Gates, ed. (2005). "Dar es Salaam". Africana: The Encyclopedia of the African and African American Experience (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 318+. ISBN 978-0-19-517055-9.
* Kevin Shillington, ed. (2005). "Dar es Salaam". Encyclopedia of African History. Fitzroy Dearborn. ISBN 978-1-57958-245-6.
* James R. Brennan (2006). "Youth, the TANU Youth League and Managed Vigilantism in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, 1925-73". Africa: Journal of the International African Institute. 76 (2): 221–246\. doi:10.3366/afr.2006.76.2.221. JSTOR 40027110. S2CID 145681258.
* James R. Brennan; et al., eds. (2007). Dar es Salaam: Histories from an Emerging African Metropolis. African Books Collective. ISBN 978-9987449705.
* Andrew Burton (2007). "Haven of Peace Purged: Tackling the Undesirable and Unproductive Poor in Dar es Salaam, ca.1950s-1980s". International Journal of African Historical Studies. 40 (1): 119–151\. JSTOR 40034793.
* Steven Fabian (2007). "Curing the Cancer of the Colony: Bagamoyo, Dar es Salaam, and Socioeconomic Struggle in German East Africa". International Journal of African Historical Studies. 40 (3): 441–469\. JSTOR 40034038.
* Creole and Tribal Designs: Dar es Salaam and Kampala as Ethnic Cities in Coalescing Nation States, London: Crisis States Research Centre, 2008 - via International Relations and Security Network
* Philip Briggs (2009). "Dar es Salaam". Tanzania. Bradt Travel Guides. ISBN 978-1-84162-288-0.
* Overview of Municipal Finance Systems in Dar-Es-Salaam, Tanzania, London: Crisis States Research Centre, 2009 - via International Relations and Security Network
* Alex Perullo (2011), Live from Dar es Salaam: popular music and Tanzania's music economy, Bloomington: Indiana University Press, ISBN 9780253356055

## External links

[edit]

Media related to History of Dar es Salaam at Wikimedia Commons

* "(Dar es Salaam)" - via Qatar National Library, Qatar Digital Library. (Images, etc.)
* "(Dar es Salaam)" - via Europeana. (Images, etc.)
* "(Dar es Salaam)" - via Digital Public Library of America. (Images, etc.)
* "(Dar es Salaam)". Internet Library Sub-Saharan Africa. Germany: Frankfurt University Library. (Bibliography)
* "(Dar es Salaam)". Connecting-Africa. Leiden, Netherlands: African Studies Centre. (Bibliography)
* "(Dar es Salaam)". AfricaBib.org. (Bibliography)
* "(Dar es Salaam)". Winterton Collection of East African Photographs: 1860 – 1960. USA: Northwestern University, Herskovits Library of African Studies.
* "Dar es Salaam", BlackPast.org, USA, 25 October 2010

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