Timeline of Goma

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Goma, Democratic Republic of the Congo.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

## 19th century

[edit]

* 1890s - Goma occupied by agents of the Congo Free State as a trading post to control traffic on Lake Kivu; previously a way point for lake traffic and a crossroads for the overland trade routes between Central Africa and the Indian Ocean.

## 20th century

[edit]

Part of a series on the

History of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
|  Early history|  pre-1876

|

Kingdom of Kongo|  1390-1914
Kingdom of Luba|  1585-1889
Kingdom of Lunda|  1600-1887
Kuba Kingdom|  1625-1884
Kingdom of Chokwe|  1800-1891
Yeke Kingdom|  1856-1891
|  Colonization|  1876-1960

|

Intl. African Association|  1876-1879
Intl. Congo Society|  1879-1885
Congo Free State (Atrocities)|  1885-1908
Belgian Congo|  1908-1960
World War II|  1940-1945
|  Independence|  post-1960

|

Congo Crisis|  1960-1965
Congo–Léopoldville|  1960-1971
Zaire (Shaba I / II)|  1971-1997
First Congo War|  1996-1997
Second Congo War|  1998-2003
Joseph Kabila presidency|  2001-2019
Félix Tshisekedi presidency|  2019-present
See also: Years
DRC Portal

* v
* t
* e

* 1910 - Goma confirmed as a Belgian possession in the Convention on the Lakes signed in Brussels on 14 May 1910 by plenipotentiaries of Belgium, Germany, and Great Britain.[1]
* 1925 - Albert National Park established near Goma.
* 1959 - Roman Catholic Diocese of Goma founded.[2]
* 1962 - Benezeth Moley becomes governor.(fr)
* 1984 - Population: 77,908.[3]
* 1988 - Goma becomes part of newly formed North Kivu province.[citation needed]
* 1993 - University of Goma established.
* 1994
* Population: 161,956.[4]
* July: 850,000 Rwandan war refugees flee to Goma.[4][5]
* 1996 - 2 November: Goma taken by Alliance of Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Congo.[5]
* 1998 - 2 August: City taken by forces of Rally for Congolese Democracy–Goma.[4]
* 2000
* Yole!Africa cultural centre established.[6][1]
* Eugène Serufuli Ngayabaseka becomes governor of North Kivu province.(fr)

## 21st century

[edit]

* 2002 - January: Mount Nyiragongo erupts, destroys nearly half of city structures.[7]
* 2004 - Population: 249,862 (estimate).[3]
* 2006
* Institut supérieur de statistique et de nouvelles technologies de Goma [fr] (school) founded.
* Salaam Kivu International Film Festival begins.[6][2]
* 2007
* "New military operations centre for the FARDC" established.[8]
* Julien Paluku Kahongya becomes governor of North Kivu province.
* 2008
* January: International peace conference held in Goma.[9]
* 15 April: Airplane crash occurs.
* October: "Chaos grips...Goma as rebel forces advance."[7]
* 2009
* August: US secretary of state visits Goma.[7]
* Roger Rachid Tumbala becomes mayor (approximate date).[3][chronology citation needed]
* 2011 - Jean Busanga Malihaseme appointed mayor.[10]
* 2012
* July: Battle of Goma (2012) [fr] begins.
* 20 November: M23 forces take Goma.[7]
* 12 December: Prison break.[4]
* Kubuya Ndoole Naso becomes mayor.[11]
* 2013

The Amani Festival in 2016

*     * February: The first annual Amani Festival for peace takes place.
* 4 March: Airplane crash occurs.
* August: Heavy fighting occurs outside Goma during the M23 rebellion.
* 2015
* January: 2015 Congolese protests.
* June: Airport taken by "Mai-Mai fighters."[12]
* Dieudonné Malere becomes mayor.[13]
* Population: 368,165 (estimate).[4]
* 2016 - November: United Nations forces attacked by bomb.[14]
* 2022 - Festival Amani returns after a year's absence due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[15]
* 2025
* January: Battle of Goma.

## See also

[edit]

* Goma history
* List of mayors of Goma
* Timelines of other cities in DR Congo: Bukavu, Kinshasa, Kisangani, Lubumbashi

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Bulletin de la Société de géographie et d'études coloniales de Marseille, 1910, p. 138
2. ^ "Democratic Republic of the Congo". Chronology of Catholic Dioceses. Norway: Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo. Retrieved 19 October 2017.
3. ^ a b "Kongo (Dem. Rep.): Städte". Citypopulation.de (in German). Oldenburg, Germany: Thomas Brinkhoff. Retrieved 20 October 2017.
4. ^ a b c d e Emizet Francois Kisangani (2016). Historical Dictionary of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (4th ed.). Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 9781442273160.
5. ^ a b "Democratic Republic of the Congo". Political Chronology of Africa. Political Chronologies of the World. Europa Publications. 2001. pp. 100–113\. ISBN 0203409957.100-113&rft.pub=Europa+Publications&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=0203409957&rft_id=https://books.google.com/books?id=0O86sZdHfHUC&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Timeline+of+Goma" class="Z3988">
6. ^ a b Gesthuizen 2013.
7. ^ a b c d "Democratic Republic of Congo Profile: Timeline". BBC News. 4 May 2011. Retrieved 19 October 2017.
8. ^ Denis M. Tull (2008). "Democratic Republic of the Congo". In Andreas Mehler; et al. (eds.). Africa Yearbook: Politics, Economy and Society South of the Sahara in 2007. Vol. 4\. Koninklijke Brill. pp. 239–254\. ISBN 978-9004168053. ISSN 1871-2525.239-254&rft.pub=Koninklijke+Brill&rft.date=2008&rft.issn=1871-2525&rft.isbn=978-9004168053&rft.au=Denis+M.+Tull&rft_id=https://books.google.com/books?id=aVGwKj6ER9kC&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Timeline+of+Goma" class="Z3988">
9. ^ "RD Congo: Chronologie". Jeuneafrique.com (in French). Paris. Retrieved 20 October 2017.
10. ^ "Adolphe Lumanu Nomme Un Nouveau Maire À La Tête La Ville De Goma Au Nord-Kivu", Lecongolais.cd [no] (in French), 30 September 2011+[no]&rft.atitle=Adolphe+Lumanu+Nomme+Un+Nouveau+Maire+À+La+Tête+La+Ville+De+Goma+Au+Nord-Kivu&rft.date=2011-09-30&rft_id=http://www.lecongolais.cd/adolphe-lumanu-nomme-un-nouveau-maire-a-la-tete-la-ville-de-goma-au-nord-kivu/&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Timeline+of+Goma" class="Z3988">
11. ^ "RDC : le maire de Goma accuse le M23 de causer l'insécurité dans la périphérie de sa ville", Radiookapi.net (in French), DR Congo, 27 January 2013
12. ^ Gunmen attack airport in eastern Congo, seven dead, Reuters, 2 June 2015
13. ^ "Dieudonné Malere nommé maire de Goma", Radiookapi.net (in French), 30 August 2015
14. ^ Bomb attack kills child, wounds 32 Indian peacekeepers in east Congo: U.N., Reuters, 8 November 2016
15. ^ "Le Festival Amani à Goma - Du 4 au 6 février 2022". amanifestival.com. Retrieved 2022-02-05.

## Bibliography

[edit]

* Didier Bompangue; et al. (2009). "Cholera Epidemics, War and Disasters around Goma and Lake Kivu: An Eight-Year Survey". PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 3 (5): e436. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0000436. PMC 2677153. PMID 19436726.
* Koen Vlassenroot; Karen Büscher (2009), City as frontier: urban development and identity processes in Goma, Crisis States Research Centre working papers, Crisis States Research Centre, London School of Economics and Political Science, ISSN 1749-1800
* Karen Büscher (2011). Conflict, state failure and urban transformation in the Eastern Congolese periphery: the case of Goma (PhD). Belgium: Ghent University. hdl:1854/LU-2092391.
* Thomas Gesthuizen (13 March 2013), "Congo's hidden cultural hub", The Guardian, UK

## External links

[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Goma.

* "(Goma)". Internet Library Sub-Saharan Africa. Germany: Frankfurt University Library. 15 January 2019. (Bibliography)
* "(Goma)". Contemporary History Library Catalogue. Belgium: Royal Museum for Central Africa. (Bibliography)
* Items related to Goma, various dates (via Europeana)
* Items related to Goma, various dates (via Digital Public Library of America)

## Images

[edit]

* Map of Goma, 1982

* Refugee camp near Goma, 1994

* M-23 crisis in Goma, 2012

* MONUSCO training, 2013

* Boulevard Kanyamahanga traffic circle, Goma, 2013

* View of Goma, 2015

* View of Goma, 2015

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Years in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

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