Timeline of Mannheim

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Mannheim, Germany.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

## Prior to 19th century

[edit]

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Early history

* Linear Pottery culture
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Middle Ages

* East Francia
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Early Modern period

* Sectionalism
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Unification

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German Reich

| German Empire| 1871–1918

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World War I| 1914–1918
Weimar Republic| 1918–1933
Nazi Germany| 1933–1945
World War II| 1939–1945

Contemporary Germany

* Occupation
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| 1945–1949/1952

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Expulsion of Germans| 1944–1950

* West–East division

| 1949–1990

* Reunification
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| 1990
Modern history| since 1990

* Germany portal
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* v
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* 1606 - Mannheimer Rheinschanze [de] (fortification) construction begins.
* 1607 - Mannheim granted town privileges by Frederick IV, Elector Palatine.[1]
* 1622 - Thirty Years' War: Capture of Mannheim by Imperial-Spanish forces.
* 1660 - Synagogue built.(de)
* 1688 - Manheim taken by French forces during the Nine Years' War.[1]
* 1689 - Fire.[1]
* 1701 - Almshouse (predecessor of university hospital mannheim) founded[2]
* 1706 - Lemle-Moses-Klaussynagoge [de] founded.
* 1720 - Residence of Charles III Philip, Elector Palatine relocated to Mannheim from Heidelberg.[1]
* 1729 - Population: 15,760.(de)
* 1731 - Mannheim Palace Church built.
* 1756 - Jesuit Church, Mannheim built.
* 1759 - Mannheim Palace completed.[1]
* 1766 - Population: 24,190.(de)
* 1771 - Town Hall built.[1]
* 1774 - Mannheim Observatory tower built.
* 1775 - Deutsche Gesellschaft in Mannheim active.[3]
* 1779
* Zeughaus (Mannheim) [de] (arsenal) built.
* Mannheim National Theatre founded.
* 1782 - 13 January: Premiere of Schiller's play The Robbers.
* 1788 - Palais Bretzenheim built.

Mannheim in the 1790s

* 1794 - French in power.[1]
* 1795
* Mannheim besieged during the Campaigns of 1795 in the French Revolutionary Wars.[1]
* Austrians in power.[1]

## 19th century

[edit]

* 1803 - Mannheim becomes part of the Electorate of Baden.[1]
* 1806 - Mannheim becomes part of the Grand Duchy of Baden.
* 1819 - March: Writer August von Kotzebue assassinated.[1]
* 1828 - Mannheim Harbour opens on the Rhine river.
* 1837 - Mannheimer Journal [de] newspaper begins publication.[4]
* 1840 - Heidelberg-Mannheim railway begins operating.
* 1849 - Political unrest during the Baden Revolution.[1]
* 1855 - Hauptsynagoge (Mannheim) [de] (synagogue) built.
* 1859 - Heinrich Lanz AG machinery manufactory in business.
* 1876 - Mannheim Hauptbahnhof (train station) built.
* 1880 - Population: 53,465.[5]
* 1891 - Mannheim Fire Brigade [de] active.
* 1895 - Friesenheimer Insel [de] becomes part of Mannheim.[6]
* 1896 - Population: 94,160.(de)
* 1897 - Käfertal becomes part of Mannheim.[6]
* 1899 - Neckarau [de] becomes part of Mannheim.[6]
* 1900 - Population: 141,131.[7]

## 20th century

[edit]

### 1900s-1940s

[edit]

Mannheim in the 1900s

* 1905 - Population: 162,607.[1]
* 1907
* Industriehafen Mannheim (harbour) opens on the Neckar river.
* Stadtarchiv Mannheim [de] (city archives) established.
* Kunsthalle Mannheim (exhibit hall) built.
* SV Waldhof Mannheim (sport club) formed.
* Population: 173,424.(de)
* 1910 - Feudenheim [de] becomes part of Mannheim.[6]
* 1911
* Christuskirche (Mannheim) [de] (church) built.
* Population: 200,285.(de)
* 1912 - Mannheim Firehouse [de] built.
* 1913 - Rheinau [de] and Sandhofen become part of Mannheim.[6]
* 1914 - Bachchor Mannheim [de] (choir) formed.
* 1919 - Population: 229,576.[8]
* 1924 - Mannheim Hospital (now University Hospital Mannheim) opened on the banks of the river Neckar[9]
* 1925 - "Neue Sachlichkeit [de]" art exhibition held.
* 1926 - Airfield established at Neuostheim.
* 1929 - Wallstadt [de] becomes part of Mannheim.[6]
* 1930
* Friedrichsfeld [de], Kirschgartshausen [de], Sandtorf [de], Seckenheim [de], Straßenheim [de] become part of Mannheim.[6]
* Population: 271,833.(de)
* 1938
* November: Kristallnacht pogrom against Jews.
* Landkreis Mannheim [de] (district) formed.
* Eisstadion am Friedrichspark (ice rink) built.
* 1940 - Bombing of Mannheim in World War II begins.[10]

American troops in Mannheim in 1945

* 1944
* September: Mannheim-Sandhofen subcamp of the Natzweiler-Struthof concentration camp established for Poles deported from Warsaw during the Warsaw Uprising.[11][12]
* 2 October: First attempt to escape from the Mannheim-Sandhofen subcamp.[11]
* 15 December: Three Polish prisoners of the Mannheim-Sandhofen subcamp killed in an Allied bombing.[11]
* 1945
* 4 January: Public execution of a Polish prisoner of the Mannheim-Sandhofen subcamp.[11]
* February: Some prisoners deported from the Mannheim-Sandhofen subcamp to forced labour in Kochendorf.[11]
* March: Remaining prisoners deported to Vaihingen an der Enz and Kochendorf; Mannheim-Sandhofen subcamp dissolved.[11]
* 29 March: Americans capture the city.
* 6 April: Prisoner of War Executive (PWX) Camp No. 1 for liberated Allied POWs established.[13]
* June: The PWX Camp No. 1 converted into the Polish PWX Camp No. 1.[14]
* July: United States Coleman Army Airfield begins operating.
* 1946
* Mannheimer Morgen [de] newspaper begins publication.[4]
* Polish PWX Camp No. 1 converted into the Tadeusz Kościuszko Civilian Guard Training Center, and later renamed to Tadeusz Kościuszko Theater Civilian Guard Training and Replacement Center for former Polish POWs.[15]
* 1947
* United States military Benjamin Franklin Village established.
* 8 November: Polish Tadeusz Kościuszko Theater Civilian Guard Training and Replacement Center dissolved.[16]
* 1949 - Mannheim Waterways and Shipping [de] office established.

### 1950s-1990s

[edit]

* 1955 - Mannheimer Liste [de] Free Voters established.
* 1957 - National Theatre Mannheim rebuilt.
* 1959 - Rhine Bridge rebuilt.
* 1961 - Population: 313,890.(de)
* 1967 - University of Mannheim established.
* 1970
* Landgericht Mannheim [de] (courthouse) built.
* Population: 332,378.(de)
* 1972 - Kurt-Schumacher-Brücke (Mannheim) [de] (bridge) opens.
* 1975
* Fernmeldeturm Mannheim (communication tower) erected.
* National Bundesgartenschau 1975 [de] (garden show) held in Mannheim.
* 1976 - Federal electoral districts Mannheim I [de], II [de], and III [de] formed.
* 1979 - Odeon cinema opens.[17]

Mannheim in the 1980s

* 1987 - Synagoge (Mannheim) [de] built on the Paradeplatz (Mannheim) [de].
* 1991
* Mannheimer Stadthaus [de] (city hall) built.
* Mannheim–Stuttgart high-speed railway begins operating.
* 1992 - Revised federal electoral districts Mannheim I [de] and II [de] formed.
* 1994
* 5 December: Aircraft crashes into the Fernmeldeturm.
* Carl-Benz-Stadion (stadium) opens.
* 1995 - Yavuz Sultan Selim Mosque built.

## 21st century

[edit]

* 2002 - Revised federal Mannheim (electoral district) formed.
* 2003
* Popakademie Baden-Württemberg (music school) established.
* Glaskubus [de] memorial erected on the Mannheimer Planken [de].
* 2004 - Musikpark Mannheim [de] (business office) opens.
* 2005 - SAP Arena opens.
* 2007
* Peter Kurz becomes mayor.
* August: City hosts the 2007 FEI European Jumping Championship.
* 2010
* May: City co-hosts the 2010 IIHF World Championship.
* Population: 313,174.(de)
* 2011 - United States Army Garrison Mannheim [de] closes.
* 2014 - 25 May: Baden-Württemberg local election, 2014 [de] held.(de)
* 2024 Mannheim stabbing
* 2025 Mannheim car attack

## See also

[edit]

* History of Mannheim [de]
* List of monuments in Mannheim [de]
* History of Baden-Württemberg state
* History of Baden territory (in German)

Other cities in the state of Baden-Württemberg:(de)

* Timeline of Stuttgart

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Britannica 1910.
2. ^ "History: Mannheim hospital, Germany". www.umm.de. Retrieved 2021-04-21.
3. ^ Jim Parrott (ed.). "Chronology of Scholarly Societies". Scholarly Societies Project. Canada: University of Waterloo. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016.
4. ^ a b "Die Presse der Stadt Mannheim: vom Anfang des 18. Jahrhunderts bis ca. 1980" (in German). Heidelberg: Udo Leuschner [de]. Retrieved 14 November 2016.+[de]&rft_id=http://www.udo-leuschner.de/zeitungsgeschichte/&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Timeline+of+Mannheim" class="Z3988">
5. ^ "Germany: Baden". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1885. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590469 – via Hathi Trust.
6. ^ a b c d e f g "Stadtteilleben". Mannheim.de (in German). Stadt Mannheim. Retrieved 14 November 2016.
7. ^ "Germany". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1904. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368424.
8. ^ "Germany". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368440 – via HathiTrust.
9. ^ "History: Mannheim hospital, Germany". www.umm.de. Retrieved 2021-04-21.
10. ^ Wolf 2003.
11. ^ a b c d e f "Chronicle of the camp". Retrieved 11 December 2023.
12. ^ "The Prisoners". Retrieved 11 December 2023.
13. ^ Brzoza, Czesław (2016). "Obóz szkoleniowy Polskich Kompanii Wartowniczych w Mannheim-Käfertal (1945–1947)". Prace Historyczne (in Polish) (143 (1)). Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego: 159. ISSN 0083-4351.
14. ^ Brzoza, p. 161
15. ^ Brzoza, pp. 165–166
16. ^ Brzoza, p. 181
17. ^ "Movie Theaters in Mannheim, Germany". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved 13 November 2016.

This article incorporates information from the German Wikipedia.

## Bibliography

[edit]

in English

* "Mannheim". Chambers's Encyclopaedia. London. 1901. hdl:2027/njp.32101065312926.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
* "Mannheim", Jewish Encyclopedia, vol. 8, New York, 1904, hdl:2027/mdp.49015002282243`{{citation}}`: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
* "Mannheim" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 17 (11th ed.). 1910. pp. 588–589.
* "Mannheim", The Rhine, Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1911, OCLC 21888483

in German

* J. C. Rieger (1824). Historisch- topographisch- statistische beschreibung von Mannheim und seiner umgebung (in German).
* "Mannheim". Brockhaus' Konversations-Lexikon (in German) (14th ed.). Leipzig: Brockhaus. 1896. hdl:2027/njp.32101064064551.
* Chronik der Hauptstadt Mannheim (in German) 1901-
* Max Oeser (1908). Geschichte der Stadt Mannheim (in German).
* P. Krauss und E. Uetrecht, ed. (1913). "Mannheim-Ludwigshafen". Meyers Deutscher Städteatlas [Meyer's Atlas of German Cities] (in German). Leipzig: Bibliographisches Institut.
* Dieter Wolf (2003), Luftkriegsereignisse in Mannheim 1939-1945 (PDF) (in German) (2nd ed.), Stadtarchiv Mannheim
* Geschichte der Stadt Mannheim (in German). Heidelberg: Verlag Regionalkultur. 2007-2009 (3 vols)

## External links

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mannheim.

* Items related to Mannheim, various dates (via Europeana)
* Items related to Mannheim, various dates (via Digital Public Library of America)

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