Timeline of Mosul

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Mosul, Iraq.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

## Prior to 16th century

[edit]

See also: Mosul § Ancient era and early Middle Ages, and Mosul § 9th century to 1535

Part of a series on the

History of Iraq

Prehistory

* Ubaid period
* Hassuna culture
* Halaf culture
* Halaf-Ubaid Transitional period
* Samarra culture (Eridu)
* Uruk period
* Jemdet Nasr Period

Bronze Age

* Sumer
* Hamazi
* Assyria
* Akkadian Empire
* Gutian Dynasty
* Neo-Sumerian Empire
* Isin-Larsa period
* Simurrum
* Babylonia
* First Babylonian Empire
* Kassites
* Middle Assyrian Empire
* Neo-Assyrian Empire
* Neo-Babylonian Empire

Iron Age

* Achaemenid Assyria
* Seleucid Babylonia
* Parthian Babylonia
* Roman Mesopotamia
* Sasanian Asorestan

Middle Ages

* Islamic conquest
* Rashidun Caliphate
* Umayyad Caliphate
* Abbasid Caliphate
* Hamdanids
* Buyid amirate of Iraq
* Marwanids
* Uqaylids
* Al-Mazeedi
* Ayyubids
* Seljuk Empire
* Atabegs of Azerbaijan
* Zengids
* Ilkhanate
* Jalairid Sultanate
* Timurid Empire
* Kara Koyunlu
* Aq Qoyunlu

Early modern period

* Safavids
* Ottoman Iraq
* Mamluk dynasty

Modern Iraq

* Mandatory Iraq
* Kingdom of Iraq
* Republic of Iraq (1958–68)
* Ba'athist rule (1968–2003)
* Occupation (2003–11)
* Recent history

Iraq portal

* v
* t
* e

* 570 CE - Mar Ishaya (monastery) founded across river from Ninevah; surrounding settlement later develops.[1]
* 641 CE - Arab forces of Utba bin Farqad take fortress in settlement.[1]
* 847 CE - 24 November: Earthquake.
* 874/875 CE - Taghlibi Khidr bin Ahmad becomes governor.[1]
* 880 CE - Ishaq ibn Kundaj becomes governor.[1]
* 892 - Mosul besieged by forces of Harun bin Sulayman and Banu Shayban.[1]
* 907 - Hamdanids in power.[1]
* 990s - Syrian Uqaylids in power.[2]
* 1095/1096 - Seljuqs in power.[1]
* 1127/1128 - Seljuqs ousted by Imad ad-Din Zengi.[1]
* 1146 - Saif ad-Din Ghazi I in power.
* 1170 - Great Mosque of al-Nuri construction begins.[3]
* 1182 - Mosul besieged by forces of Saladin during rule of Izz ad-Din Mas'ud.[1]
* 1185 - Mosul again besieged by forces of Saladin.[1]
* 1224 - Mosul taken by forces of Badr al-Din Lu'lu'.[3]
* 1239 - Mashhad Imam Yahya ibn al-Qasim (mausoleum) built near city.[3]
* 1248 - Imam Awn al-Din shrine built.[4]
* 1258 - Mosul sacked by forces of Hulagu Khan.[5]
* 1262 - July: Mosul taken by Mongol forces.[6]

## 16th–19th centuries

[edit]

See also: Mosul § Ottomans: 1517 to 1918

* 1516 - Ottomans in power.[6]
* 1535 - Ottoman administrative Mosul Eyalet created.
* 1623 - Mosul taken by Persian forces (approximate date).[7]
* 1625 - Persians ousted; Ottomans in power again.[7]
* 1719 - Sari Mustafa becomes governor.[8]
* 1730 - Hussein Jalili appointed governor.
* 1733 - Mosul besieged by forces of Nadir Khan.[7]
* 1743 - Siege of Mosul (1743) by Persian forces.[7]
* 1745 - Battle of Mosul (1745) fought in vicinity of city.
* 1826 - Unrest; governor Yahya al-Jalili ousted.[7]
* 1839 - Ottoman administrative reform begins per Edict of Gülhane.[6]
* 1854 - "Rebellion" against administrative reform.[6]

## 20th century

[edit]

See also: Mosul § 1918 to 2003

* 1920 - Population: 703,378 in vilayet (province).[9]
* 1926 - Mosul becomes part of the Kingdom of Iraq per League of Nations ruling.
* 1947 - Population: 133,625 in city; 595,190 in province.[10]
* 1957 - Mosul football club formed.
* 1960 - Ash-Shabibah newspaper published.
* 1965 - Population: 264,146.[11]
* 1967 - University of Mosul founded.
* 1969
* Mosul Spring Festival [ar] begins.
* National Insurance Company built.[3]
* 1970 - Population: 310,313 (estimate).[12]
* 1986 - Mosul Dam begins operating near city.
* 1987 - Population: 664,221.[13]

## 21st century

[edit]

* 2003 - March–May: 2003 invasion of Iraq by U.S.-led forces; Mosul International Airport occupied.
* 2004
* 24 June: 2004 Mosul bombings.
* November: Battle of Mosul (2004).
* 2007 - 23 April: April 2007 Mosul massacre.
* 2008 - Ninawa campaign.
* 2013 - April: Anti-government protest.[14]
* 2014
* 4–10 June: Mosul taken by forces of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant.[15]
* June: Mass executions in ISIL occupied Mosul begin.
* 16–19 August: Battle for Mosul Dam fought near city.
* 2015 - January: Mosul offensive (2015).
* 2016 - October: Battle of Mosul (2016–17) begins.[15]
* 2017
* 21 June: Great Mosque of al-Nuri destroyed.[16]
* July: Iraqi army takes city.

## Images

[edit]

* Spring Festival, est. 1969

## See also

[edit]

* History of Mosul [ar]
* List of rulers of Mosul
* Nineveh, ancient Assyrian city located across river from present-day Mosul
* Timelines of other cities in Iraq: Baghdad, Basra

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Bosworth 2007.
2. ^ Griffin 1996.
3. ^ a b c d "Mosul". ArchNet. Retrieved 23 June 2017.
4. ^ Saeed Al-Dewachi. "Mosul". Oxford Art Online. `{{cite web}}`: Missing or empty `|url=` (help) Retrieved 23 June 2017
5. ^ Dougherty 2013.
6. ^ a b c d Shields 2000.
7. ^ a b c d e Agoston 2009.
8. ^ Khoury 1997.
9. ^ "Mesopotamia". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368440 - via HathiTrust.
10. ^ "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1955. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations.
11. ^ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1976). "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1975. New York. pp. 253–279.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
12. ^ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1987). "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". 1985 Demographic Yearbook. New York. pp. 247–289.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
13. ^ "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2001. United Nations Statistics Division.
14. ^ Iraq police and gunmen die in Mosul clashes, BBC News, 25 April 2013
15. ^ a b "Iraq Profile: Timeline". BBC News. 16 August 2011. Retrieved 23 June 2017.
16. ^ "Mosul's landmark Great Mosque of al-Nuri to be rebuilt", BBC News, 24 April 2018

## Bibliography

[edit]

Published in 19th century

* Jedidiah Morse; Richard C. Morse (1823). "Mosul". A New Universal Gazetteer (4th ed.). New Haven: S. Converse.
* "Mosul". Edinburgh Gazetteer (2nd ed.). Edinburgh: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green. 1829.
* Josiah Conder (1834). "Mosul". Dictionary of Geography, Ancient and Modern. London: T. Tegg.
* William Francis Ainsworth (1842). "City of Mosul". Travels and Researches in Asia Minor, Mesopotamia, Chaldea, and Armenia. London: John W. Parker. hdl:2027/mdp.39015011385054.
* Edward Balfour, ed. (1871). "Mosul". Cyclopaedia of India and of Eastern and Southern Asia (2nd ed.). Madras.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
* William Francis Ainsworth (1888). "First Visit to Mosul and Ninevah". Personal Narrative of the Euphrates Expedition. London.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
* Charles Wilson, ed. (1895). "Mosul". Handbook for Travellers in Asia Minor, Transcaucasia, Persia, etc. London: John Murray. ISBN 9780524062142. OCLC 8979039.

Published in 20th century

* Friedrich Sarre; Ernst Herzfeld. Archäologische Reise im Euphrat- und Tigris-Gebiet (in German). Vol. 2\. Berlin. pp. 203–305. OCLC 491984252. 1911–1920
* "Mosul". Palestine and Syria (5th ed.). Leipzig: Karl Baedeker. 1912.
* E. Honigmann (1993) [1927]. "Mosul". Encyclopedia of Islam. Leiden: Brill. pp. 609–611. via Google Books
* Th. Lefebvre (1927). "Le Vilayet de Mossoul". Annales de Géographie (in French). 36 - via Persée.
* Percy Kemp (1983). "Power and Knowledge in Jalili Mosul". Middle Eastern Studies. 19 (2): 201–212. doi:10.1080/00263208308700543. ISSN 0026-3206.
* Percy Kemp (1983). "History and Historiography in Jalili Mosul". Middle Eastern Studies. 19 (3): 345–376. doi:10.1080/00263208308700555.
* "Iraq: Mosul", Middle East, Australia: Lonely Planet, 1994, p. 309+, OL 16516298W
* Jacqueline Griffin (1996). "Mosul". In Trudy Ring (ed.). Middle East and Africa. International Dictionary of Historic Places. Routledge. pp. 522+. ISBN 9781884964039.
* Dina Rizk Khoury (1997). State and Provincial Society in the Ottoman Empire: Mosul, 1540-1834. Cambridge Studies in Islamic Civilization. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521894301.
* Sarah D. Shields (2000). Mosul before Iraq: Like Bees Making Five-Sided Cells. State University of New York Press. ISBN 978-0-7914-4487-0.

Published in 21st century

* Peter Sluglett (2002), "Mosul", in David Levinson and Karen Christensen (ed.), Encyclopedia of Modern Asia, NY: Charles Scribner's Sons, ISBN 0684806177
* Reeva S. Simon (2004), "Mosul", in Philip Mattar (ed.), Encyclopedia of the Modern Middle East and North Africa, NY: Macmillan Reference USA, ISBN 0028657691
* C. Edmund Bosworth, ed. (2007). "Mosul". Historic Cities of the Islamic World. Leiden: Koninklijke Brill. pp. 412+. ISBN 978-9004153882.
* Michael R.T. Dumper; Bruce E. Stanley, eds. (2008). "Mosul". Cities of the Middle East and North Africa. Santa Barbara, US: ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1576079195.
* Gabor Agoston; Bruce Alan Masters, eds. (2009). "Mosul". Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire. Facts on File. pp. 394–395. ISBN 978-1-4381-1025-7.
* "Mosul". Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art & Architecture. Oxford University Press. 2009.
* Beth K. Dougherty; Edmund A. Ghareeb (2013). "Mawsil". Historical Dictionary of Iraq (2nd ed.). Maryland, US: Scarecrow Press. p. 422\. ISBN 978-0-8108-7942-3.

## External links

[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mosul.

* Items related to Mosul, various dates (via Qatar Digital Library)
* Items related to Mosul, various dates (via Europeana)
* Items related to Mosul, various dates (via Digital Public Library of America)

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