Timeline of Trieste

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Trieste in the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region of Italy.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

## Prior to 19th century

[edit]

Part of a series on the

History of Italy

Early

* Prehistoric Italy
* Nuragic civilization (18th-3rd c. BC)
* Etruscan civilization (12th-6th c. BC)
* Magna Graecia (8th-3rd c. BC)

Ancient Rome

* Kingdom (753 BC-509 BC)
* Republic (509 BC-27 BC)
* Roman expansion in Italy
* Roman Italy
* Populares and Optimates
* Empire (27 BC-286 AD)
* Western Empire (286 AD-476 AD)
* Praetorian prefecture of Italy

Romano-Barbarian Kingdoms

|  Odoacer's|  476-493

|

Ostrogothic|  493-553
Vandal|  435-534
Lombard|  568-774
Frankish (Carolingian Empire)|  774-962
Germanic (Holy Roman Empire)|  962-1801

Medieval

* Italy in the Middle Ages
* Byzantine reconquest of Italy (6th-8th c.)
* Islam and Normans in southern Italy
* Maritime republics and Italian city-states
* Guelphs and Ghibellines

Early modern

* Italian Renaissance (14th-16th c.)
* Italian Wars (1494-1559)
* Catholic revival (1545-1648)
* Mid-16th c. to early 19th c.
* Napoleonic Italy (1801-1814)

*     * Republic
* Kingdom

* Risorgimento (1815-1871)

* Young Italy

Modern

* Monarchy (1861-1946)
* Colonial Empire (1882-1960)
* Italy in World War I (1914-1918)
* Fascism (1922-1943)
* Italy in World War II (1940-1945)
* Fascist Italian Social Republic, Partisans and Italian Civil War (1943-1945)
* Republic (1946-present)
* Years of Lead (1970s-1980s)
* Maxi Trial (1986-1992)
* Mani pulite (1992-2001)
* Great Recession (2007-2009)
* European migrant crisis (2014-2016)
* COVID-19 pandemic (2020-present)

By topic

* Citizenship
* Currency and coinage
* Economy
* Fashion
* Flags
* Genetic
* Historic states
* Judaism
* LGBT
* Military
* Music
* Name
* Postage
* Railway

Timeline

Italy portal

* v
* t
* e

* 79 AD – Via Flavia (Dalmatia-Tergeste) built.
* 1203 – Captured by the Republic of Venice.[1]
* 1320 – Trieste Cathedral built.
* 1352 – Public clock installed (approximate date).[2]
* 1382 – Trieste becomes a Habsburg imperial free city.[1]
* 1385 – Trieste Cathedral consecrated.[1]
* 1680 – Castle built.[1]
* 1682 – Church of Santa Maria Maggiore built.[1]
* 1719 – City becomes a free port.[3][1]
* 1753 – Nautical School founded.
* 1755 – Trieste Commodity Exchange established.
* 1756 – Canal Grande (Trieste) constructed.[4]
* 1776 – Karl von Zinzendorf becomes governor of Trieste.
* 1783 – Jewish primary school opens.
* 1784 – L'Osservatore Triestino [it] newspaper begins publication.[5]
* 1787 – Greek Orthodox Church of San Nicolò dei Greci built.
* 1793 – Pubblica Biblioteca Arcadica Triestina (library) established.[6]

## 19th century

[edit]

* 1801 – Teatro Nuovo (opera house) inaugurated.
* 1809 – Trieste ceded to the French as part of the Illyrian Provinces in the Treaty of Schönbrunn.[3]
* 1810
* Gabinetto di Minerva literary society founded.[7]
* Population: 29,908.[8]
* 1814 – Austrians returned to power in the Treaty of Paris.[3]
* 1828 – Catholic Diocese of Trieste-Koper established.
* 1831 – Assicurazioni Generali insurance company in business.
* 1833 – Österreichischer Lloyd shipping firm in business.
* 1835 – Schiller Society founded.[9]
* 1839
* Caffe degli Specchi in business.[10]
* Muzio Tommasini becomes mayor.
* 1840 – Tergesteo built.[8]
* 1842 – Civico Orto Botanico di Trieste (garden)[11] and Savings Bank of Trieste[citation needed] established.
* 1846 – Civico Museo di Storia Naturale di Trieste (museum) established.
* 1848
* May to Aug − Harbour blockaded by an Italian fleet.[1]
* 25 October: Premiere of Verdi's opera Il corsaro.
* 1849 – Trieste becomes a Habsburg imperial free city again.[8]
* 1851 – Trieste Astronomical Observatory established.
* 1853 – Trieste Chamber of Commerce and Industry established.
* 1857
* Austrian Southern Railway (Vienna-Trieste) begins operating.
* Trieste Centrale railway station opens.
* Stabilimento Tecnico Triestino shipbuilding firm in business near city.
* 1860 – Miramare Castle built near city for Austrian archduke Maximilian.[1]
* 1871 – Richard Burton becomes British consul in Trieste.
* 1872 – Revoltella Museum founded.
* 1878 – Politeama Rossetti theatre built.
* 1880 – Population: 144,844.[8]
* 1881 – Il Piccolo newspaper begins publication.[12]
* 1882
* September: Emperor of Austria Franz Joseph I visits city.[13]
* Agricultural exhibition held.[8]
* 1883 – Harbour constructed.[8]
* 1885 – Saint Spyridon Church building inaugurated.
* 1887 – Trieste–Hrpelje railway begins operating.
* 1888 - Monument erected to commemorate 500th anniversary of connexion with Austria.[1]
* 1891 – City ended being a free port.[1]
* 1899 – Circolo di Studi Sociali (civic group) founded.[7]
* 1900 – Population: 132,879.[1]

## 20th century

[edit]

* 1902 – Trieste–Opicina tramway begins operating.
* 1904 – Trieste National Hall opens.[9]
* 1905 – Coffee exchange established.[14]
* 1906 − Opening of the Karawanks Tunnel (railway) completed the railway from Trieste to Klagenfurt.[1]
* 1912
* Synagogue of Trieste completed.
* Circolo Sportivo Ponziana (football club) formed.
* Savoia Excelsior Palace hotel in business.
* 1914 – Caffè San Marco in business.
* 1918
* Unione Triestina football club formed.
* La Nazione newspaper begins publication.
* Umana literary journal begins publication.[9]
* 1919 – Trieste becomes part of the Kingdom of Italy per Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye.[3][15]
* 1920 – 13 July: Trieste National Hall burnt by Fascist Blackshirts.
* 1924 – University of Trieste and Rotary Club[10] established.
* 1927 – Vittoria Lighthouse built.
* 1930 – Cantieri Riuniti dell'Adriatico shipbuilding firm in business.
* 1931 – Radio Trst begins broadcasting.
* 1932 – Stadio Littorio opens.
* 1943
* September: Nazi German Operational Zone of the Adriatic Littoral headquartered in Trieste.
* September: City becomes part of the Italian Social Republic.
* Risiera di San Sabba Nazi concentration camp established near city.
* 1945
* 1 May: City taken by Yugoslav forces.[3]
* 2 May: German surrender to Allied forces.
* Primorski dnevnik Slovene-language newspaper begins publication.[12]
* 1947 – 15 September: City becomes part of the Free Territory of Trieste of the United Nations Security Council.[3]
* 1949
* June: Municipal election held.
* Gianni Bartoli becomes mayor.
* Museo Sartorio opens.
* 1953 – Administration of Free Territory of Trieste passes to Italy.[3]
* 1954 – Some of Trieste becomes part of Italy; the remainder becomes part of Yugoslavia.[16]
* 1958 – Mario Franzil becomes mayor.
* 1961 – Trieste Airport in operation.[citation needed]
* 1963 – Orto Botanico dell'Università di Trieste (garden) established.
* 1964 – International Centre for Theoretical Physics headquartered near city.
* 1965 – Temple of Monte Grisa (church) built near city.
* 1970 – City becomes capital of the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region (approximate date).[citation needed]
* 1975 – Protest against Treaty of Osimo.[17]
* 1978 – International School for Advanced Studies established.
* 1992 – Stadio Nereo Rocco opens.
* 1993
* Riccardo Illy becomes mayor.
* Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste research centre established near city.
* 1996 – Central European Initiative headquartered in Trieste.

## 21st century

[edit]

* 2001 – Roberto Dipiazza becomes mayor.
* 2006 – Italia Marittima shipping firm active.
* 2011
* Roberto Cosolini becomes mayor.[18]
* Population: 205,535.

## See also

[edit]

* History of Trieste (it)
* Other names of Trieste
* List of presidents of Friuli-Venezia Giulia region since 1960s
* List of mayors of Trieste

Timelines of other cities in the macroregion of Northeast Italy:(it)

* Emilia-Romagna region: Timeline of Bologna; Ferrara; Forlì; Modena; Parma; Piacenza; Ravenna; Reggio Emilia; Rimini
* Trentino-South Tyrol region: Timeline of Bolzano; Trento
* Veneto region: Timeline of Padua; Treviso; Venice; Verona; Vicenza

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Britannica 1910.
2. ^ Gerhard Dohrn-van Rossum [in German] (1996). "The First Public Clocks". History of the Hour: Clocks and Modern Temporal Orders. University of Chicago Press. p. 129\. ISBN 978-0-226-15510-4.
3. ^ a b c d e f g "Trieste", Webster's Geographical Dictionary, Springfield, Massachusetts, USA: G. & C. Merriam Co., 1960, p. 1158, OL 5812502M
4. ^ Jenkins 2012.
5. ^ Agapito 1824.
6. ^ "Biblioteca Civica Attilio Hortis" (in Italian). Comune di Trieste. Retrieved 28 December 2016.
7. ^ a b Rutar 2006.
8. ^ a b c d e f Chambers 1901.
9. ^ a b c Campanile 2004.
10. ^ a b Hametz 2005.
11. ^ "Garden Search: Italy". London: Botanic Gardens Conservation International. Retrieved 3 December 2016.
12. ^ a b "Trieste (Italy) Newspapers". WorldCat. USA: Online Computer Library Center. Retrieved 7 January 2014.
13. ^ Haydn 1910.
14. ^ William H. Ukers (1922), All About Coffee, New York: Tea and Coffee Trade Journal Co., OL 23271107M
15. ^ "Italy Profile: Timeline". BBC News. Retrieved 7 January 2014.
16. ^ Eric Roman (2003). "Chronologies: Yugoslavia: People's Republic". Austria-Hungary & the Successor States: A Reference Guide. Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-7469-3.
17. ^ Pamela Ballinger (2003). History in Exile: Memory and Identity at the Borders of the Balkans. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-08697-4.
18. ^ "Sindaco". Organi Politici (in Italian). Comune di Trieste. Retrieved 7 January 2014.

This article incorporates information from the German Wikipedia and Italian Wikipedia.

## Bibliography

[edit]

Further information (in Italian): Bibliography of the history of Trieste [it]

### Published in the 19th century

[edit]

* Abraham Rees (1819), "Trieste", The Cyclopaedia, London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme & Brown
* Girolamo Agapito (1824). Compiuta e distresa descrizione della fedelissima città e porto-franco di Trieste [Description of the City and Free Port of Trieste] (in Italian). Vienna: Antonio Strauss.
* David Brewster, ed. (1832). "Trieste". Edinburgh Encyclopaedia. Philadelphia: Joseph and Edward Parker. hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t3dz0hq2k.
* J. Joyce (1851), "Sketch of Trieste", Recollections of the Salzkammergut, Ischl, Salzburg, Bad Gastein ... with a Sketch of Trieste, Frankfort`{{citation}}`: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
* Giovannina Bandelli (1851). Notizie storiche di Trieste e guida per la città [History of Trieste and Guide to the City] (in Italian). Coen.
* * Charles Knight, ed. (1866). "Trieste". Geography. English Cyclopaedia. Vol. 4\. London: Bradbury, Evans, & Co. hdl:2027/nyp.33433000064810.
* "Trieste", Appleton's European Guide Book, London: Longmans, Green, Reader, and Dyer, 1871
* "Trieste", Southern Germany and Austria (2nd ed.), Coblenz: Karl Baedeker, 1871, OCLC 4090237
* "Trieste", Bradshaw's Hand-Book to the Turkish Empire, vol. 1: Turkey in Europe, London: W.J. Adams, c. 1872
* William Smith, ed. (1872) [1854]. "Tergeste". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. London: John Murray. hdl:2027/hvd.ah5cur.
* R. Burton (October 1875), "Port of Trieste", Journal of the Society of Arts, vol. 23, London, hdl:2027/uc1.b2876382 \+ part 2
* David Kay (1880), "Principal Towns: Trieste", Austria-Hungary, Foreign Countries and British Colonies, London: Sampson Low, Marston, Searle, & Rivington, hdl:2027/mdp.39015030647005
* W. Pembroke Fetridge (1881), "Trieste", Harper's Hand-book for Travellers in Europe and the East, New York: Harper & Brothers
* "Triest", Ober-Italien [Northern Italy], Meyers Reisebücher (in German) (4th ed.), Leipzig: Bibliographisches Institut, 1884, hdl:2027/uc1.$b500241
* Thomas Graham Jackson (1887), "Trieste", Dalmatia, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* "Trieste". Nuova Enciclopedia Italiana (in Italian) (6th ed.). Torino: Unione Tipografico-Editrice Torinese. 1887.
* Norddeutscher Lloyd (1896), "Trieste", Guide through Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy, Switzerland, France, Belgium, Holland and England, Berlin: J. Reichmann & Cantor, OCLC 8395555

### Published in the 20th century

[edit]

* "Trieste". Chambers's Encyclopaedia. London. 1901.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
* Giulio Caprin (1906), Trieste (in Italian), Bergamo: Istituto italiano d'arti grafiche, OL 14046192M (profusely illustrated)
* "Triest", Jewish Encyclopedia, vol. 12, New York, 1907`{{citation}}`: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
* "Trieste", Guide through Germany, Austria-Hungary, Switzerland, Italy, France, Belgium, Holland, the United Kingdom, Spain, Portugal, &c (9th ed.), Berlin: J.H. Herz, 1908, OCLC 36795367
* Arthur L. Frothingham (1910), "Trieste", Roman Cities in Northern Italy and Dalmatia, London: J. Murray
* Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Trieste", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co.
* "Trieste" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 27 (11th ed.). 1910. pp. 269–270.269-270&rft.edition=11th&rft.date=1910&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Timeline+of+Trieste" class="Z3988">
* "Trieste", Austria-Hungary (11th ed.), Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1911
* "Trieste". Le Tre Venézie. Guida d'Italia (in Italian). Milan: Touring Club Italiano. 1920. p. 247+ - via HathiTrust.
* Novak, Bogdan (1970). Trieste 1941–1954: the ethnic, political and ideological struggle. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-59621-4.
* Angelo Ara, Claudio Magris. Trieste. Un'identità di frontiera. Einaudi Editore. Torino, 1982. ISBN 88-06-59823-6
* Cary, Joseph (1993). A Ghost in Trieste. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-09528-2.
* Marengo Vaglio, Carla (1994). "Trieste as a linguistic melting pot". La Revue des Lettres Modernes (1173): 55–74.55-74&rft.date=1994&rft.aulast=Marengo+Vaglio&rft.aufirst=Carla&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Timeline+of+Trieste" class="Z3988">
* Sluga, Glenda (1994). "Trieste: ethnicity and the Cold War, 1945–1954". Journal of Contemporary History. 29 (2): 285–304\. doi:10.1177/002200949402900204. S2CID 154280355.285-304&rft.date=1994&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177/002200949402900204&rft_id=https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:154280355#id-name=S2CID&rft.aulast=Sluga&rft.aufirst=Glenda&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Timeline+of+Trieste" class="Z3988">

### Published in the 21st century

[edit]

in English

* Hametz, Maura (December 2001). "The Carabinieri stood by: The Italian state and the "Slavic Threat" in Trieste, 1919–1922". Nationalities Papers. 29 (4): 559–574\. doi:10.1080/00905990120102093. S2CID 155037121.559-574&rft.date=2001-12&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080/00905990120102093&rft_id=https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:155037121#id-name=S2CID&rft.aulast=Hametz&rft.aufirst=Maura&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Timeline+of+Trieste" class="Z3988">
* Morris, Jan. Trieste and the Meaning of Nowhere. DaCapo Press. Cambridge, Mass, 2001
* Anna Campanile (2004). "Torn Soul of a City: Trieste as a Center of Polyphonic Culture and Literature". In Marcel Cornis-Pope and John Neubauer (ed.). History of the Literary Cultures of East-Central Europe: Junctures and Disjunctures in the 19th and 20th Centuries. John Benjamins Publishing. ISBN 90-272-3453-1.
* Maura Elise Hametz (2005). Making Trieste Italian, 1918-1954. UK: Boydell & Brewer. ISBN 978-0-86193-279-5.
* Sabine Rutar (2006). "Internationalist Networking in a Multinational Setting: Social Democratic Cultural Associations in Austro-Hungarian Trieste 1900–1914". In Graeme Morton; et al. (eds.). Civil Society, Associations, and Urban Places: Class, Nation, and Culture in 19th-Century Europe. Ashgate. pp. 87–101\. ISBN 978-0-7546-5247-2.87-101&rft.pub=Ashgate&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-7546-5247-2&rft.au=Sabine+Rutar&rft_id=https://books.google.com/books?id=8vEQg87bUJ0C&pg;=PA87&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Timeline+of+Trieste" class="Z3988">
* Eric Jenkins (2012). "Trieste". To Scale: One Hundred Urban Plans. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-136-74606-2.
* Aleksej Kalc (2012). "Immigration Policy in 18th Century Trieste". In Bert De Munck and Anne Winter (ed.). Gated Communities?: Regulating Migration in Early Modern Cities. Ashgate. ISBN 978-1-4094-3130-5.

in Italian

* Franco Gleria and Maurizio Radacich. Il terrore viene dal cielo. Trieste: 1944/1945 (Trieste: Italo Svevo Edizioni, 2007)

## External links

[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Trieste.

* Map of Trieste, 1999
* Europeana. Items related to Trieste, various dates.

* v
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Trieste

History|

* Timeline
* Jewish community
* Imperial Free City of Trieste (1849–1922)
* Governors (1918–54)
* Morgan Line
* Free Territory of Trieste (1947–54)
* Treaty of Osimo
* Province of Trieste

Coat of arms of the Free Territory of Trieste

Geography and
surrounding area|

* Gulf of Trieste
* Duino Castle
* Grotta Gigante
* Sistiana
* Val Rosandra
* Altura
* Rozzol

Buildings and landmarks|

* Caffè San Marco
* Kleines Berlin
* Miramare Castle
* Piazza Unità d'Italia
* Piazza Venezia
* Savoia Excelsior Palace
* Trieste Astronomical Observatory
* Trieste Botanical Garden
* Trieste Commodity Exchange
* Victory Lighthouse
* Canal Grande

Places of worship|

* Catholic: Trieste Cathedral
* Temple of Monte Grisa
* Jewish: Trieste Synagogue
* Serb Orthodox: St. Spyridon Church

Culture|

* Politeama Rossetti
* Risiera di San Sabba
* Revoltella Museum
* Sartorio Museum
* Teatro Stabile Sloveno
* Teatro Verdi
* Trieste Campo Marzio Railway Museum
* Trieste Film Festival
* Trieste Natural History Museum

Local media|

* Newspapers: Il Piccolo
* Primorski dnevnik
* Radio: Radio Trst A

Education and research|

* University of Trieste
* MIB School of Management Trieste
* AREA Science Park (ELETTRA
* ICGEB)
* International Centre for Theoretical Physics
* International School for Advanced Studies
* The World Academy of Sciences

Sports venues|

* Current: Stadio Nereo Rocco
* PalaTrieste
* Former: Stadio Littorio (1932–92)

Transport|

* Port of Trieste
* Trieste Airport
* Trieste Centrale railway station
* Miramare railway station
* Villa Opicina railway station
* Trieste–Opicina tramway

* v
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* e

Timelines of cities in Italy

Northwest|

* Bergamo
* Brescia
* Cremona
* Genoa
* Mantua
* Milan
* Novara
* Pavia
* Turin

Northeast|

* Bologna
* Bolzano
* Ferrara
* Forlì
* Modena
* Padua
* Parma
* Piacenza
* Ravenna
* Reggio Emilia
* Rimini
* Trento
* Treviso
* Trieste
* Udine (it)
* Venice
* Verona
* Vicenza

Centre|

* Ancona
* Arezzo
* Florence
* Livorno
* Lucca
* Perugia
* Pisa
* Pistoia
* Prato
* Rome
* Siena

South|

* Bari
* Brindisi
* L'Aquila
* Naples
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* Salerno
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Islands|

* Cagliari
* Catania
* Messina
* Palermo
* Syracuse
* Trapani

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Years in Italy (1861–present)

19th century|

* Pre-1861
* 1861
* 1862
* 1863
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* 1894
* 1895
* 1896
* 1897
* 1898
* 1899
* 1900

20th century|

* 1901
* 1902
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* 1905
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21st century|

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