Timeline of Yunnan-Guizhou

Historical events in Yunnan and Guizhou provinces of China

This is a timeline of Yunnan and Guizhou.

## 4th century BC

[edit]

Year | Date | Event

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328 |  | Chu military commander Zhuang Qiao invades Yunnan and sets up the Dian Kingdom[1]

## 2nd century BC

[edit]

Year | Date | Event

|
|

135 BC |  | Tang Meng creates Jianwei Commandery (modern Zunyi)[1]
122 BC |  | Emperor Wu of Han sends envoys to the southwest in search of a route to Daxia[2]
111 BC |  | Zangke Commandery is created in modern Guiyang and Yelang is vassalized[3]
109 BC |  | Han conquest of Dian: The Dian Kingdom and Tian Kingdom become Han vassals and Yizhou Commandery is created in modern Qujing[3]

## 1st century BC

[edit]

Year | Date | Event

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86 BC |  | Rebellion occurs in the southwest[4]
83 BC |  | Rebellion occurs in the southwest[4]
27 BC |  | Aboriginals rebel in the southwest[5]

## 1st century

[edit]

Year | Date | Event

|
|

12 |  | Aboriginals in Zangke Commandery (Guizhou) rebel[5]
14 |  | Aboriginals in Yi Province rebel[5]
45 |  | Aboriginals rebel in the southwest[6]
51 |  | An Ailao tribe defects to Han[7]
57 |  | Yongchang Commandery is created in modern Kachin State[6]
69 |  | An Ailao tribe defects to Han[7]

## 2nd century

[edit]

Year | Date | Event

|
|

107 |  | Aboriginals rebel in the southwest[6]
116 |  | Aboriginals rebel in the southwest[6]
123 |  | Aboriginals rebel in the southwest[6]
146 |  | Policy of assimilation in the southwest is implemented through education programs[4]
156 |  | Aboriginals rebel in the southwest[6]
159 |  | Aboriginals rebel in the southwest[6]
176 |  | Aboriginals rebel in the southwest[6]

## 3rd century

[edit]

Year | Date | Event

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225 |  | Zhuge Liang's Southern Campaign: Zhuge Liang conquers Nanzhong[8]

## 4th century

[edit]

Year | Date | Event

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338 |  | Cuan Chen of the Cuanman gains control over Yunnan[9]

## 6th century

[edit]

Year | Date | Event

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570 |  | Cuan Zan splits his realm into the Wuman/Black Mywa, ruled by his son Cuan Zhen, in the east and the Baiman/White Mywa, ruled by his eldest son Cuan Wan, in the west
593 |  | The Cuanman rebel in Yunnan[9]
597 |  | A campaign is launched against the Cuanman[9]

## 7th century

[edit]

Year | Date | Event

|
|

602 |  | Sui defeats the Cuanman[9]

## 8th century

[edit]

Year | Date | Event

|
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703 |  | Tridu Songtsen of the Tibetan Empire subjugates the White and Black Mywa[10]
737 |  | Piluoge (皮羅閣) unites the six zhaos (kingdoms) of the White Mywa with Tang support[11]
751 |  | Xianyu Zhongtong attacks Nanzhao with an army of 80,000 but is utterly defeated, losing three quarters of his original force[12]
754 |  | Yang Guozhong invades Nanzhao but fails to engage with the enemy until supplies ran out, at which time they were attacked and routed[12]

## 9th century

[edit]

Year | Date | Event

|
|

801 |  | Tang and Nanzhao defeat Tibetan Empire and their Abbasid slave soldiers[13]
829 |  | Nanzhao takes Chengdu and captures 20,000 Chinese engineers[14]
846 |  | Nanzhao raids Annam[15]
861 |  | Nanzhao attacks Bo Prefecture and Annam but is repulsed.[16]
863 |  | Nanzhao conquers Annam[17]
866 |  | Gao Pian retakes Annam from Nanzhao[17]
869 |  | Nanzhao lays siege to Chengdu but fails to capture it[18]
870 |  | Nanzhao lays siege to Chengdu (in Sichuan)[17]
877 |  | Nanzhao retreats from Qianzhong Circuit in modern Guizhou[18]

## 10th century

[edit]

Year | Date | Event

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|

902 |  | Zheng Maisi murders the king of Nanzhao and sets up his own Dachanghe regime[9]
928 |  | Zhao Shanzhen kills the king of Dachanghe and sets up Datianxing[9]
929 |  | Yang Hefeng removes Zhao Shanzhen and sets up Dayining[9]
937 |  | Duan Siping defeats Dayining and creates the Dali Kingdom[9]
967 |  | Long Yanyao of Nanning, the Yang clan of Bo Prefecture, and the Tian clan of Si Prefecture submit to the Song dynasty in return for their autonomy[19]
| Song dynasty recognizes the Bole of the Luodian kingdom, the Mangbu of the Badedian kingdom, and the Awangren of the Yushi kingdom[20]
975 |  | Emperor Taizu of Song tries to convince Pugui of the Mu'ege Kingdom situated in northwest, central, east, and southeast Guizhou to acquiesce to Song overlordship[21]
976 |  | Song dynasty and aboriginal allies in Guizhou attack the Mu'ege Kingdom, forcing them to retreat to Dafang County[22]
980 |  | Long Yanyao's grandson Long Qiongju presents tribute to the Emperor Taizong of Song[19]
995 |  | Long Hanyao of Nanning presents tribute to the Song court[19]
998 |  | Long Hanyao of Nanning presents tribute to the Song court[19]

## 11th century

[edit]

Year | Date | Event

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1042 |  | Song dynasty appoints Degai of the Mu'ege Kingdom as regional inspector[22]
1043 |  | The Yao people of Guiyang rebel[23]
1049 |  | Nong Zhigao of the Zhuang people rebels in Guangnan West Circuit[23]
1051 |  | The Yao rebellion of Guiyang is suppressed[23]
1053 |  | Nong Zhigao's rebellion is suppressed[23]

## 12th century

[edit]

Year | Date | Event

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1133 |  | Ayong of the Mu'ege Kingdom leads a large trade delegation of several thousand to the Song city of Luzhou in Sichuan[20]

## 13th century

[edit]

Year | Date | Event

|
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1208 |  | Yao people rebel in Jinghu and are suppressed[24]
1252 | summer | Möngke Khan places Kublai Khan in charge of the invasion of the Dali Kingdom[25]
1253 | September | Kublai Khan's forces set up headquarters on the Jinsha River in western Yunnan and march on Dali in three columns[25]
1254 | January | The Dali Kingdom is conquered, although its dynasty remains in power, and the king, Duan Xingzhi, is later invested with the title of Maharajah by Möngke Khan; so ends the Dali Kingdom[26]
winter | Kublai Khan returns to Mongolia and leaves Subutai's son Uryankhadai in charge of campaigns against local Yi tribes[26]
1257 |  | Uriyangkhadai, son of Subutai, pacifies Yunnan and returns to Gansu[26]
winter | Mongol invasions of Vietnam: Uriyangkhadai returns to Yunnan and invades the Trần dynasty of Đại Việt[26]

## 14th century

[edit]

Year | Date | Event

|
|

1332 | March | War of the Two Capitals: Loyalist rebels in Yunnan are defeated[27]
1360 |  | Basalawarmi takes control of Yunnan[28]
1381 | December | Ming conquest of Yunnan: Ming forces take Qujing[29]
1382 | April | Ming conquest of Yunnan: Ming forces conquer Yunnan[30]
1386 | January | Ming–Mong Mao War: Si Lunfa of Mong Mao rebels[31]
1388 |  | Ming–Mong Mao War: Mong Mao is defeated by the Ming artillery corps utilizing volley fire[32]
1389 | January | Ming forces defeat Yi rebels in Yuezhou[33]
December | Ming–Mong Mao War: Si Lunfa surrenders to the Ming dynasty[33]
1397 | December | Ming–Mong Mao Intervention: Si Lunfa is deposed and requests Ming aid in restoring him to power[34]
1398 | January | Ming–Mong Mao Intervention: Si Lunfa is restored to power[35]

## 15th century

[edit]

Year | Date | Event

|
|

1438 | 8 December | Luchuan–Pingmian campaigns: Ming carries out a punitive expedition against Si Renfa of Mong Mao for attacking neighboring tusi, but fails to defeat him[36]
1441 | 27 February | Luchuan–Pingmian campaigns: Ming forces attack Mong Mao[37]
1442 | January | Luchuan–Pingmian campaigns: Mong Mao is defeated but Si Renfa escapes to Ava[38]
1443 | March | Luchuan–Pingmian campaigns: Ming forces defeat Si Jifa but fail to capture him[39]
1445 | August | Luchuan–Pingmian campaigns: Ava hands over Si Renfa to Ming in return for their support in attacking Hsenwi[40]
1446 | January | Luchuan–Pingmian campaigns: Si Renfa is executed[40]
1449 | March | Luchuan–Pingmian campaigns: Ming forces invade Mong Yang for harboring Si Jifa, but he manages to escape again[41]
1450 |  | Miao rebellions under the Ming dynasty: Yao and Miao people rebel in Guizhou and Huguang[42]
1452 |  | Miao rebellions under the Ming dynasty: Yao and Miao rebels are suppressed[42]
1456 |  | Miao rebellions under the Ming dynasty: Miao people in Huguang rebel and are suppressed[42]
1464 |  | Hou Dagou of the Yao people rebels in Guangxi[43]
1466 | January | Ming forces defeat and capture Hou Dagou, but the rebellion continues anyway[43]
| Miao rebellions under the Ming dynasty: Miao people rebel in Hunan as well as the Sichuan-Guizhou border and are suppressed[44]
1475 |  | Miao rebellions under the Ming dynasty: Miao people rebel in Hunan and are suppressed[44]
1479 |  | Miao rebellions under the Ming dynasty: Miao people rebel in Sichuan[45]
1499 |  | Yi people rebel in Guizhou[46]

## 16th century

[edit]

Year | Date | Event

|
|

1502 |  | Yi rebels in Guizhou are suppressed[46]
1589 |  | Bozhou rebellion: Miao people rebel in Bozhou[47]
1592 | 14 July | Ordos Campaign: Ye Mengxiong brings cannons and additional Miao troops to the siege of Ningxia[48]
1594 |  | Bozhou rebellion: Ming forces are defeated in Sichuan[49]
1598 |  | Bozhou rebellion: The Miao rebellion is suppressed[49]

## 17th century

[edit]

Year | Date | Event

|
|

1606 |  | Army officers in Yunnan riot and kill Yang Rong, a eunuch superintendent of mining[50]
1621 | fall | She-An Rebellion: Yi people rebel in Sichuan and Guizhou[51]
1623 |  | She-An Rebellion: Ming forces are defeated[51]
1624 |  | She-An Rebellion: Ming forces defeat rebels but are unable to decisively quell the rebellion[51]
1629 |  | She-An Rebellion: The rebels are defeated[51]
1656 | March | The Yongli Emperor arrives in Yunnan[52]
1657 | October | Sun Kewang's forces are defeated by Li Dingguo in eastern Yunnan and he retreats to Guizhou[52]
1659 | 7 January | Qing forces advance into Yunnan and the Yongli Emperor flees to Toungoo dynasty[53]
10 March | Qing forces capture Yongchang and defeat Li Dingguo's army, securing Yunnan[53]

## Gallery

[edit]

* Ancient southern China

* Han conquest of Dian, 109 BC

* Nanzhao, 879

* Song dynasty, 1111

* Dali Kingdom, late 12th century

* Yuan dynasty, 1330

* Ming dynasty

* Qing dynasty, 1820

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b Twitchett 2008, p. 457.
2. ^ Watson 1993, p. 236.
3. ^ a b Twitchett 2008, p. 458.
4. ^ a b c Twitchett 2008, p. 459.
5. ^ a b c Twitchett 2008, p. 235.
6. ^ a b c d e f g h Twitchett 2008, p. 460.
7. ^ a b Twitchett 2008, p. 272.
8. ^ Xiong 2009, p. lxxxviii.
9. ^ a b c d e f g h Yang 2008a.
10. ^ Beckwith 1987, p. 64.
11. ^ Wang 2013, p. 103.
12. ^ a b Graff 2002, p. 214.
13. ^ Beckwith 1987, p. 157.
14. ^ Herman 2007, pp. 33, 35.
15. ^ Taylor 2013, p. 41.
16. ^ Herman 2007, p. 36.
17. ^ a b c Xiong 2009, p. cxiv.
18. ^ a b Herman 2007, p. 37.
19. ^ a b c d Herman 2007, p. 39.
20. ^ a b Herman 2007, p. 43.
21. ^ Herman 2007, p. 40.
22. ^ a b Herman 2007, p. 42.
23. ^ a b c d Twitchett 2009, p. 329.
24. ^ Twitchett 2009, p. 831.
25. ^ a b Twitchett 1994, p. 405.
26. ^ a b c d Twitchett 1994, p. 407.
27. ^ Twitchett 1994, p. 545.
28. ^ Twitchett 1998, p. 72.
29. ^ Twitchett 1998, p. 144.
30. ^ Mote 2003, p. 557.
31. ^ Liew 1996, pp. 163–164.
32. ^ Andrade 2016, p. 158.
33. ^ a b Twitchett 1998, p. 160.
34. ^ Fernquest 2006, p. 47.
35. ^ Fernquest 2006, pp. 47–48.
36. ^ Liew 1996, pp. 174–175.
37. ^ Liew 1996, p. 178.
38. ^ Liew 1996, pp. 181–182.
39. ^ Liew 1996, p. 184.
40. ^ a b Liew 1996, p. 185.
41. ^ Liew 1996, p. 192.
42. ^ a b c Twitchett 1998, p. 336.
43. ^ a b Twitchett 1998, p. 377.
44. ^ a b Twitchett 1998, p. 380.
45. ^ Twitchett 1998, p. 383.
46. ^ a b Twitchett 1998, p. 381.
47. ^ Lewis 2015, p. 209.
48. ^ Swope 2009, p. 30.
49. ^ a b Dardess 2012, p. 9.
50. ^ Twitchett 1998, p. 531.
51. ^ a b c d Dardess 2012, p. 10.
52. ^ a b Twitchett 1998, p. 706.
53. ^ a b Twitchett 1998, p. 707.

## Bibliography

[edit]

* Andrade, Tonio (2016), The Gunpowder Age: China, Military Innovation, and the Rise of the West in World History, Princeton University Press, ISBN 978-0-691-13597-7.
* Beckwith, Christopher I (1987), The Tibetan Empire in Central Asia: A History of the Struggle for Great Power among Tibetans, Turks, Arabs, and Chinese during the Early Middle Ages, Princeton University Press
* Crespigny, Rafe (2007), A Biographical Dictionary of Later Han to the Three Kingdoms (23-220 AD), Brill
* Dardess, John (2012), Ming China 1368-1644 A Concise History of A Resilient Empire, Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc.
* Fernquest, John (2006), Crucible of War: Burma and the Ming in the Tai Frontier Zone (1382-1454)
* Graff, David A. (2002), Medieval Chinese Warfare, 300-900, Warfare and History, London: Routledge, ISBN 0415239559
* Graff, David Andrew (2016), The Eurasian Way of War Military Practice in Seventh-Century China and Byzantium, Routledge, ISBN 978-0-415-46034-7.
* Herman, John E. (2007), Amid the Clouds and Mist China's Colonization of Guizhou, 1200–1700, Harvard University Asia Center, ISBN 978-0-674-02591-2
* Lewis, James (2015), The East Asian War, 1592-1598: International Relations, Violence and Memory, Routledge
* Liew, Foon Ming (1996), The Luchuan-Pingmian Campaigns (1436-1449) in the Light of Official Chinese Historiography
* Mote, F. W. (2003), Imperial China: 900–1800, Harvard University Press, ISBN 978-0674012127
* Swope, Kenneth M. (2009), A Dragon's Head and a Serpent's Tail: Ming China and the First Great East Asian War, 1592-1598, University of Oklahoma Press.
* Swope, Kenneth (2014), The Military Collapse of China's Ming Dynasty, Routledge
* Taylor, K.W. (2013), A History of the Vietnamese, Cambridge University Press
* Twitchett, Denis (1994), The Cambridge History of China, Volume 6, Alien Regime and Border States, 907-1368, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0521243319
* Twitchett, Denis (1998), The Cambridge History of China Volume 7 The Ming Dynasty, 1368—1644, Part I, Cambridge University Press
* Twitchett, Denis (1998b), The Cambridge History of China Volume 8 The Ming Dynasty, 1368—1644, Part 2, Cambridge University Press
* Twitchett, Denis (2008), The Cambridge History of China 1, Cambridge University Press
* Twitchett, Denis (2009), The Cambridge History of China Volume 5 The Sung dynasty and its Predecessors, 907-1279, Cambridge University Press
* Wang, Zhenping (2013), Tang China in Multi-Polar Asia: A History of Diplomacy and War, University of Hawaii Press
* Watson, Burton (1993), Records of the Grand Historian by Sima Qian: Han Dynasty II (Revised Edition, Columbia University Press
* Xiong, Victor Cunrui (2009), Historical Dictionary of Medieval China, United States of America: Scarecrow Press, Inc., ISBN 978-0810860537
* Yang, Bin (2008a), "Chapter 3: Military Campaigns against Yunnan: A Cross-Regional Analysis", Between Winds and Clouds: The Making of Yunnan (Second Century BCE to Twentieth Century CE), Columbia University Press
* Yang, Bin (2008b), "Chapter 4: Rule Based on Native Customs", Between Winds and Clouds: The Making of Yunnan (Second Century BCE to Twentieth Century CE), Columbia University Press
* Yang, Bin (2008c), "Chapter 5: Sinicization and Indigenization: The Emergence of the Yunnanese", Between Winds and Clouds: The Making of Yunnan (Second Century BCE to Twentieth Century CE), Columbia University Press

* v
* t
* e

Historical non-Han peoples in China

Ancient|

| Eastern|

* Dongyi

|

Southern|

* Baiyue
* Âu Lạc
* Âu Việt
* Dong'ou
* Lạc Việt
* Minyue
* Nanyue
* Shanyue
* Yangyue
* Yue
* Bo
* Dian
* Miao
* Hmong
* Nanman
* Yelang
* Yi

Western|

* Di
* Qiang
* Saka
* Sumpa
* Tocharian
* Wusun
* Xirong
* Quanrong
* Xianyun
* Xunyu
* Yuezhi

Northern|

* Beidi
* Chunwei
* Xiongnu
* Donghu
* Dingling
* Wuhuan
* Xianbei
* Guifang
* Jie
* Shanrong
* Sushen
* Yilou
* Xianyun
* Xunyu

Medieval|

| Southern|

* Bai
* Bo
* Cuanman
* Li
* Rau
* Bouyei
* Zhuang
* Yi

|

Western|

* Karakhanid
* Karluk
* Khotanese
* Tibetan

Northern|

* Khitan
* Kumo Xi
* Mohe
* Jurchen
* Shiwei
* Zubu
* Khamag Mongol
* Khereid
* Naiman
* Tatar
* Tangut
* Tiele
* Uyghur
* Xueyantuo
* Yugur
* Tujue
* Yueban
* Shatuo

Early Modern|

| Southern|

* Bo
* Shan
* She
* Yao

|

Northern|

* Khalkha Mongol
* Manchu
* Nivkh

Western|

* Oirats
* Dzungar
* Khoshut

* v
* t
* e

Timelines of Chinese history

Ancient|

* Warring States and Qin dynasty (5th century–207 BC)
* Chu–Han Contention (206–202 BC)
* Han dynasty (202 BC–AD 9, AD 25–220)

Medieval|

* Three Kingdoms (220–280)
* Jin dynasty and the Sixteen Kingdoms (266–439)
* Northern and Southern dynasties (420–589)
* Sui dynasty (581–619)
* Tang dynasty (618–690, 705–907)
* Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms (907–979)

Early Modern|

* Song dynasty (960–1279)
* Jin–Song Wars (1125–1234)
* Yuan dynasty (1271–1368)
* Northern Yuan (1368–1635)
* Ming dynasty (1368–1644)
* Treasure voyages (1405–1433)
* Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Modern|

* Qing dynasty (1636–1912)
* Republic of China (1912–)
* Chinese Civil War (1927-1949)

Locations|

* Fuzhou
* Guangzhou
* Hangzhou
* Hong Kong
* Nanjing
* Shanghai
* Taiwan
* Tibet
* Yunnan-Guizhou
* Xinjiang

Non-Han ethnicities|

* Vietnamese
* Uyghur
* Khitan
* Tangut
* Jurchen
* Mongol

Related|

* Xiongnu
* Göktürk
* Turgesh
* Karluk
* Tibetan Empire
* Fragmentation
* Mongol Empire
* Oirat

Neighboring countries|

* Korea
* Vietnam
* Early independent
* Lý
* Japan
* Mongolia
* Pakistan
* India
* Russia

Miscellaneous|

* Chinese texts

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