Timeline of respiratory therapy

## Ancient period

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* 1550 BC: (EG) The Ebers Papyrus describes ancient Egyptian inhalation treatments for asthma.

## Eighteenth Century (1700s)

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* 1771: (US) Carl Scheele (1742–1786) makes "fire air" (oxygen) by heating magnesium oxide. His findings are published in June 1774.
* 1774: (US) Joseph Priestley (1733–1804), credited with the discovery of oxygen, publishes his work on "dephlogisticated air" oxygen 3 months after a report by Carl Scheele.

## Nineteenth Century (1800s)

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* 1816: (US) Rene T.H. Laennec (1776–1856) invents the stethoscope for chest auscultation and lays the foundation for modern pulmonology with his book Diseases of the Chest.
* 1860: (US) Bunsen and Kirchhoff invent the spectrometer.[1]
* 1860: (US) Stokes and Hoppe-Seyler demonstrate the oxygen transport function of hemoglobin.[1]
* 1897: (DE) Gustav Killian performs the first bronchoscopy in Germany.
* 1899: (US) Dr. Thomas Willis defines specific Asthma symptoms for diagnosis.[2]

## Twentieth Century (1900s)

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### 1900-1920

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* 1908: (US) George Poe demonstrated his mechanical respirator by asphyxiating dogs and seemingly bringing them back to life.
* 1918: Oxygen masks are used to treat combat-induced pulmonary edema.[3]

### 1920-1940

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* 1928: Phillip Drinker develops the "iron lung" negative pressure ventilator.[3]
* 1935: Carl Matthes invented the first noninvasive oximeter employing an ear probe.[1]

### 1940-1960

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* 1943: Dr. Edwin R. Levine, MD began training technicians in basic inhalation therapy for post-surgical patients.
* 1946: (US) Dr Levine and his technicians formed the Inhalation Therapy Association.
* 1954: (US) March 16, 1954 the ITA is renamed the American Association of Inhalation Therapists (AAIT).
* 1966: (US) February 1966, the ITA was again renamed the American Association for Inhalation Therapy (still, AAIT).
* 1956: (US) The AAIT begins publishing a science journal, Inhalation Therapy (now RESPIRATORY CARE).
* 1960: (US)In October 1960 The American Registry of Inhalation Therapists (ARIT) is formed to oversee examinations for formal credentialing for people in the field.

### 1960-1980

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* 1961: (US) Sister Mary Yvonne Jenn becomes the first Registered Respiratory Therapist[3]
* 1961: Metaproterenol, the beta-2 bronchodilator is introduced.[3]
* 1964: (CA) The Canadian Society of Respiratory Therapists (CSRT) is founded in 1964 as the Canadian Society of Inhalation Therapy Technicians.
* 1970: (US) In 1970 The Board of Schools of Inhalation Therapy Technicians became the Joint Review Committee for Respiratory Therapy Education (JRCRTE).
* 1971: (US) Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is introduced by Gregory.[3]
* 1971: (US) The journal Inhalation Therapy is renamed to Respiratory Care.
* 1974: (US) The two US credentialing programs merge into a single credentialing organization called the National Board for Respiratory Therapy (NBRT) in 1974.
* 1980: (US) President Jimmy Carter proclaimed the first Cystic Fibrosis Awareness Week. (July 22)

### 1980-2000

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* 1982: (US) California passes the first modern licensure law governing the profession of respiratory care.
* 1982: (US) In 1982 President Ronald Reagan proclaimed the first National Respiratory Care Week.
* 1986: (US) In 1986 the NBRT is renamed the National Board for Respiratory Care (NBRC).[4]
* 1998: (US) The JRCRTE evolves into the Committee on Accreditation for Respiratory Care (CoARC).

## Twenty-First Century (2000s)

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* 2000: (US) Respiratory Care journal is accepted into Index Medicus and its online counterpart, the MEDLINE service.
* 2004: (US) Vermont becomes the 48th state to pass a Respiratory Care Act, effectively bringing legal credentialing to all 48 contiguous states in the United States.
* 2010: (US) On December 14, 2010, the National Commission for Certifying Agencies (NCCA) grants accreditation to the Sleep Disorders Specialty Examination. The CRT-SDS and RRT-SDS.[5]
* 2011: (US) In July, 2011 the NBRC creates the Adult Critical Care Specialty for Registered Respiratory Therapists (RRT-ACCS).
* 2011: (US) In 2011 the State of Hawaii became the 49th state in the United States to create a Board of Respiratory Care and enacting a Respiratory Care Act.[6]
* 2012: (US) In April, 2012 the Office of Regulation in the State of Michigan recommends the de-regulation of the respiratory therapy profession.[7] The report, seemingly with its head in the sand as regards respiratory care, concluded de-regulation would "eliminate unnecessary oversight [and remove regulation providing] no value to the citizens of Michigan."

## References

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1. ^ a b c Severinghaus JW, Astrup PB (1986). "History of blood gas analysis. VI. Oximetry". J Clin Monit. 2 (4): 270–88\. doi:10.1007/BF02851177. PMID 3537215. S2CID 1752415.270-88&rft.date=1986&rft_id=https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:1752415#id-name=S2CID&rft_id=info:pmid/3537215&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007/BF02851177&rft.aulast=Severinghaus&rft.aufirst=JW&rft.au=Astrup,+PB&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Timeline+of+respiratory+therapy" class="Z3988">
2. ^ March 25, 1899 edition of The Lancet, "Bronchitis, Pulmonary Emphysema, and Asthma"
3. ^ a b c d e Ward JJ, Helmholtz HF: Roots of the respiratory care profession. In Burton GG, Hodgkin JE, Ward JJ, editors: Respiratory care: a guide to clinical practice, ed 4, Philadelphia, 1997, Lippincott.
4. ^ [1] American Association of Respiratory Care
5. ^ Sleep Disorders Specialty Examination Receives NCCA Accreditation Press Release, http://nbrc.org
6. ^ "Hawaii Revised Statutes Chapter 466D-RespiratoryTherapists" http://hawaii.gov/dcca/pvl/hrs/HRS466D.pdf; July 2011
7. ^ "Office of Regulatory Reinvention Issues Recommendations to Deregulate 18 Occupations; Eliminate 9 Boards" (Press release). Michigan Licensing and Regulatory Affairs. April 16, 2012. Archived from the original on 2012-04-20. Retrieved April 21, 2012. "The Office of Regulatory Reinvention Made 63 Recommendations to Governor Snyder for Improving Michigan's Occupational Licensing Regulations"

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Respiratory therapy

Occupations|

* Respiratory therapist
* Registered respiratory therapist

Degrees|

* Associate of Science in Respiratory Care
* Bachelor of Science in Respiratory Care
* Master of Science in Respiratory Care

Specialties|

* Neonatal/Pediatric
* intensive care medicine
* Emergency
* Sleep disorder
* Medical transport

Other|

* Lambda Beta
* Respiratory driven protocols
* College of Respiratory Therapy
* Timeline of respiratory therapy
* National Board for Respiratory Care

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