Timeline of sexual orientation and medicine

See also: Timeline of AIDS and Timeline of LGBT history

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Sexual orientation

Sexual orientations

* Asexual
* Bisexual
* Heterosexual
* Homosexual

Related terms

* Allosexuality
* Androphilia and gynephilia
* Bi-curious
* Gray asexuality
* Demisexuality
* Non-heterosexual
* Pansexuality
* Plurisexuality
* Queer
* Queer heterosexuality

Research

* Biological
* Birth order
* Epigenetic
* Neuroscientific
* Prenatal hormones
* Demographics
* Environment
* Human female sexuality
* Human male sexuality
* Kinsey scale
* Klein Grid
* Queer studies
* Sexology
* Timeline of sexual orientation and medicine
* Transgender sexuality

Animals

* Animal sexual behavior
* Non-reproductive sexual behavior in animals
* Homosexual behavior in animals
* list

Related topics

* Aromanticism
* Romantic orientation
* Situational sexual behavior
* Split attraction model

* Category

* v
* t
* e

Timeline of events related to sexual orientation and medicine

## 19th century

[edit]

1886

* Richard Freiherr von Krafft-Ebing, a German psychiatrist, published a study of sexual perversity: Psychopathia Sexualis.

## 20th century

[edit]

1948

* Sexual Behavior in the Human Male, the first "Kinsey Report", was published by Alfred Kinsey.

1953

* Sexual Behavior in the Human Female, the second "Kinsey Report", was published by Alfred Kinsey.

1957

* The Society for the Scientific Study of Sexuality was founded to encourage the rigorous systematic study of sexuality.

1973

* The American Psychiatric Association voted to remove homosexuality from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM).

1975

* The Gay and Lesbian Health Caucus of the American Public Health Association is founded.[1]

1977

* The Bay Area Physicians for Human Rights was founded in San Francisco as a support group for gay and lesbian medical students, residents, and other health care providers. The group claims to be the first LGBT medical society in the US.[2]

1981

* The Gay and Lesbian Medical Association was founded in 1981 as the American Association of Physicians for Human Rights.
* The first cases of gay related immunodeficiency, now known as AIDS, were first reported 5 June 1981, when the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recorded a cluster of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in five homosexual men in Los Angeles.

1987

* The diagnosis of ego-dystonic homosexuality was dropped from the DSM.

1990

* The World Health Organization replaced its categorization of homosexuality as a mental illness with the diagnosis of ego-dystonic sexual orientation.

1991

* The American Psychoanalytic Association issued a statement allowing training of gay psychoanalysts.[3]

1992

* The American Psychoanalytic Association prohibited discrimination against gay people when selecting teaching faculty.[3]

1993

* Dean Hamer published a paper suggesting a genetic component to sexual orientation.[4]

1995

* Saquinavir, the first protease inhibitor, was approved for public use by the FDA. HAART radically changes the prognosis of HIV/AIDS.

1996

* The US Department of Defense included homosexuality in a list of "mental disorders", in a document known as "directive 1332.38: physical disability evaluation".

## 21st century

[edit]

2002

* The United States Department of Health and Human Services published Healthy People 2010, with the goals of increasing the quality and years of healthy life and eliminating health disparities in America. It identified sexual orientation as one of 6 demographic factors contributing to health disparities.

> America's gay and lesbian population comprises a diverse community with disparate health concerns. Major health issues for gay men are HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases, substance use, depression, and suicide. Gay male adolescents are two to three times more likely than their peers to attempt suicide. Some evidence suggests lesbians have higher rates of smoking, overweight, alcohol use disorder, and stress than heterosexual women. The issues surrounding personal, family, and social acceptance of sexual orientation can place a significant burden on mental health and personal safety.

> — Healthy People 2010 [5]

2004

* New York Medical College revoked the charter of its LGBT medical student group after the group applies to change its name from Student Help Organization to Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual & Transgender People in Medicine. School officials claimed "the organization and its leader would advocate and promote activities inconsistent with the values of NYMC."[6][7] In an interview with the Westchester Journal News, then AMA president John Nelson said that as a private institution the college has the right to set and enforce its own policies. The AMA organization did not support the ban, and the organization released a statement claiming the president's views were not representative of AMA policy.[8]

> If you own a business or if you have a private entity, and there are rules for membership there, you have to follow the rules or you can't be a member. For example, if you come to Brigham Young University, where my children happen to go to school, there are certain things you do not do, among which is, you do not drink Coca-Cola on campus because that's against the rules. ...

> — John Nelson, president AMA[9]

* The American Academy of Pediatrics published "Sexual orientation and adolescents", a report on the state of health of LGBT youth in the United States.

> These [LGBT] adolescents may experience profound isolation and fear of discovery, which interferes with achieving developmental tasks of adolescence related to self-esteem, identity, and intimacy. Nonheterosexual youth often are subjected to harassment and violence; 45% of gay men and 20% of lesbians surveyed were victims of verbal and physical assaults in secondary school specifically because of their sexual orientation. Nonheterosexual youth are at higher risk of dropping out of school, being kicked out of their homes, and turning to life on the streets for survival. Some of these youth engage in substance use, and they are more likely than heterosexual peers to start using tobacco, alcohol, and illegal drugs at an earlier age. Youth in high school who identify themselves as gay, lesbian, or bisexual; engage in sexual activity with persons of the same sex; or report same-sex romantic attractions or relationships are more likely to attempt suicide, be victimized, and abuse substances. . . . School-based studies have found that these adolescents, compared with heterosexual peers, are 2 to 7 times more likely to attempt suicide [and] are 2 to 4 times more likely to be threatened with a weapon at school.

> — American Academy of Pediatrics[10]

2005

* American Medical Association president Edward Hill became the first AMA president to address the Gay and Lesbian Medical Association in a speech entitled "Understanding, Advocacy, Leadership: The AMA Perspective on LGBT Health."

> I know that GLMA members and LGBT physicians have been treated unfairly by the AMA in the past. There is simply no excuse for discriminatory actions or exclusions based on sexual orientation or gender identity -- none. First, GLMA has opened [the AMA's] eyes to the diverse needs of LGBT patients, and second -- and just as important -- GLMA has told patients that they have the right to expect a health care system filled with openness, fairness and equality."[11]

> — Edward Hill, MD, president American Medical Association

2006

* Touro University, a medical school in California, revoked the charter of its LGBT student organization.[12] After an outcry of protest from various groups, the school restored the group and school officials apologized.[13]

2007

* The American Medical Student Association membership voted to create an action committee on LGBT health issues and elected Brian Hurley to the office of national vice-president, the first LGBT person to hold the office.
* The US Food and Drug Administration re-affirmed its policy prohibiting men who have sex with men (MSM) from donating blood despite recommendations from the American Red Cross, and the American Association of Blood Banks.
* James Holsinger was nominated by President George W. Bush to be US surgeon general. Because of Holsinger's alleged support of the ex-gay movement, his nomination drew sharp criticism from groups like the Gay and Lesbian Medical Association and the Human Rights Campaign.[14][15]

2013

* The National Library of Medicine created the medical subject heading "Homophobia". The new medical topic was meant to catalog scientific reporting on "Differential treatment or unequal access to opportunities or services based on perceived homosexual preference or orientation."[16]

2014

* The American Medical Association elected its first LGBTQ officer, Jesse Ehrenfeld to its Board of Trustees.

2019

* The American Psychoanalytic Association apologized for having treated homosexuality as a mental illness.[17]

## See also

[edit]

* LGBTQ portal
* Medicine portal

* List of LGBT medical organizations
* Homosexuality and psychology
* Homosexuality in DSM

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "LGBTQ Health Caucus - Home". aphalgbtq.org. Retrieved 2022-02-22.
2. ^ "BAPHR - About". Retrieved 14 March 2015.
3. ^ a b "Stonewall's 50th Anniversary and an Overdue Apology". Psychology Today. 2019-06-21. Retrieved 2019-06-26.
4. ^ Hamer, Hu, Magnuson, Hu and Pattatucci (1993) A linkage between DNA markers on the X chromosome and male sexual orientation. Science 261(5119): pp. 321-7.
5. ^ Healthy People 2010, 2nd ed. "A Systematic Approach to Health Improvement" http://www.healthypeople.gov/Document/tableofcontents.htm#parta Archived 2007-06-27 at the Wayback Machine
6. ^ "New York Medical College Bans LGBTPM Chapter". Archived from the original on 2007-10-18. Retrieved 2008-07-13.
7. ^ Gay group is bad medicine? - Washington Blade
8. ^ "thebacklot.com - Corner of Hollywood and Gay". thebacklot.com. Archived from the original on 2007-09-29. Retrieved 14 March 2015.
9. ^ Eddings, Keith. The Journal News. 12 February 2005 http://www.thejournalnews.com/newsroom/021205/a01p12gaymed.html Archived 2007-09-27 at the Wayback Machine
10. ^ Pediatrics Vol. 113 No. 6 June 2004, pp. 1827-1832 http://aappolicy.aappublications.org/cgi/content/full/pediatrics;113/6/1827 Archived 2008-08-30 at the Wayback Machine
11. ^ AMA (GLBT) News release from the Gay and Lesbian Medical Association
12. ^ "tugsa.net - Registered at Namecheap.com". Archived from the original on 2017-09-25. Retrieved 2019-06-26.
13. ^ "Touro University College of Osteopathic Medicine reverses de-activation of Gay-Straight Alliance". Archived from the original on 2007-10-18. Retrieved 2008-07-13.
14. ^ "thebacklot.com - Corner of Hollywood and Gay". thebacklot.com. Archived from the original on 2008-06-16. Retrieved 14 March 2015.
15. ^ "Lexington, KY local and state news by the Lexington Herald-Leader - Kentucky.com". Retrieved 14 March 2015.
16. ^ National Institutes of Health. National Library of Medicine. https://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?mode=&index=26844&view=concept Retrieved 29 December 2013.
17. ^ "American Psychoanalytic Association Apologizes for Classifying Homosexuality as Mental Illness". Thegavoice.com. 2019-06-21. Retrieved 2019-06-26.

## External links

[edit]

* "The Lesbian and Gay Health Care Community and the AMA"

* v
* t
* e

LGBTQ topics

* Academic fields
* Discourse

* LGBTQ topics in education
* Gender studies
* Lesbian feminism
* Linguistics
* Literature
* Gay
* Lesbian
* Transgender
* Psychology
* Queer studies
* Queer theory
* Transfeminism

* Community
* Culture

* Anthems
* Awards
* Literary
* Bars
* Gay
* Lesbian
* Bisexual community
* Businesses
* Coming out
* Community centers
* Cross-dressing
* Drag king
* Drag queen
* Events
* Awareness periods
* Film festivals
* Gay village
* Gay-friendly
* Icons
* Literature
* Music
* Media
* Films
* New queer cinema
* Periodicals
* Portrayal
* Organizations
* People
* Pets
* Pride
* Pride Month
* Pride parade
* Queerplatonic relationships
* Religious groups
* Rodeos
* Same-sex relationships
* Slang
* Slogans
* Sports
* Takatāpui
* Theatre
* Companies
* Tourism

Symbols|

* Black triangle
* Gaysper
* Labrys
* Lambda
* Pink triangle
* Rainbow plaque

Pride flags|

* Aromantic
* Asexual
* Bear
* Bisexual
* Gay flag of South Africa
* Gay men
* Intersex
* Leather
* Lesbian
* Non-binary
* Pansexual
* Rainbow
* Rainbow crossing
* Transgender

* Gender identities
* Sexual identities
* Sexual diversities

| Gender identity|

* Androgyny
* Boi
* Cisgender
* Gender bender
* Gender nonconformity
* Khanith
* Man
* Non-binary / genderqueer
* Queer heterosexuality
* Theyby
* Transgender
* Akava'ine
* Trans man
* Transsexual
* Trans woman
* Mak nyah
* Woman
* Womxn
* Womyn
* Xenogender

Third sex / Third gender|

* Bakla
* Balkan sworn virgins
* Bissu
* Faʻafafine
* Fakaleitī
* Femminiello
* Hijra
* Kathoey
* Köçek
* Māhū
* Mukhannath
* Muxe
* Travesti
* Two-spirit
* Winkte

Sexual identities|

| Sexual orientations|

* Asexual
* Bisexual
* Homosexual

|

* Aromanticism
* Asexuality
* Gray asexuality
* Demisexuality
* Attraction to transgender people
* Banjee
* Bi-curious
* Gay
* Gay men
* Heteroflexible
* Lesbian
* Monosexual
* Non-heterosexual
* Pansexual
* Queer
* Questioning
* Romantic orientation
* Same gender loving
* Sexual minority
* Tom / Dee

Related|

* Acronyms
* Detransition
* Effeminacy
* Erotic target location error
* Ex-gay
* Ex-ex-gay
* Female
* Gender and sexual diversity
* Gender assignment
* Gender binary
* Gender essentialism
* Gender expression
* Gender neutrality
* Gender roles
* Gender transition
* Healthcare
* Organizations
* Hermaphrodite
* Human female sexuality
* Human male sexuality
* Intersex
* Androgynos
* Tumtum
* Legal status of transgender people
* Male
* Men who have sex with men / Sexual practices between men
* Sex–gender distinction
* Sexuality and gender identity-based cultures
* Social construction of gender
* Straight ally
* Tomboy
* Transgender health care
* Women who have sex with women / Sexual practices between women

History

| LGBTQ history|

* History of homosexuality
* History of gay men in the United States
* History of lesbianism
* LGBTQ history timeline
* Migration
* Social movements
* Students
* History of Christianity and homosexuality
* History of same-sex unions
* Pederasty
* Category:LGBTQ history

|

Pre-modern era|

* Adelphopoiesis
* Ancient Egypt
* Ancient Greece
* pre-Columbian Peru
* Ancient Rome
* Medieval Europe

16th to 19th century|

* Molly house
* Section 377
* First homosexual movement

20th century|

* Dance of the Forty-One
* Institut für Sexualwissenschaft
* Persecution of homosexuals in Nazi Germany
* Cadet scandal
* Florida Legislative Investigation Committee
* Sea queens
* Compton's Cafeteria riot
* Stonewall riots
* Gay Liberation Front
* Handkerchief code
* Festival of Light action
* White Night riots
* Front homosexuel d'action révolutionnaire
* Florida orange juice boycott
* Operation Soap
* Epidemiology of HIV/AIDS
* ACT UP
* Section 28
* Tasty nightclub raid
* Bar Abanicos police raid

21st century|

* Timeline of same-sex marriage
* Lawrence v. Texas
* Russian anti-LGBT law
* Anti-Homosexuality Act, 2014
* Rainbow wave
* Rainbow Night
* 2020s anti-LGBTQ movement in the United States

* Rights and legal issues

| LGBTQ rights by country or territory|

* Africa
* Americas
* Asia
* Europe
* Oceania
* List of LGBTQ rights articles by region

|

LGBTQ rights topics|

* Capital punishment for homosexuality
* Censorship of LGBT issues
* Civil unions and partnerships
* Criminalization of homosexuality
* decriminalization
* Hate crime laws
* Intersex human rights
* Military service
* Same-sex parenting
* Adoption
* Assisted reproduction
* Same-sex marriage
* Timeline
* List of couples
* Socialism
* Legal status of transgender people
* Transgender rights movement
* United Nations/Yogyakarta Principles
* La Francophonie
* Commonwealth of Nations

LGBTQ rights movements|

* Homophile
* Gay liberation
* LGBTQ rights groups
* LGBTQ rights activists
* Rainbow capitalism
* Separatism
* Gay
* Lesbian

Sexual orientation — Medicine, science and sexology

* Autism and LGBTQ identities
* Biology
* Birth order
* Demographics
* Disability and LGBTQ identities
* Environment
* Homosexuality and psychology
* Homosexuality in the DSM
* Kinsey scale
* Klein Grid
* Neuroscience
* Prenatal hormones
* Sexual inversion
* Conversion therapy
* Split attraction model
* Sexual orientation identity
* Timeline of sexual orientation and medicine

* Societal attitudes
* Prejudice
* Violence

| Societal attitudes|

* Amatonormativity
* Heteronormativity
* Heteropatriarchy
* Homonationalism
* Pinkwashing
* Gay panic defense
* LGBTQ rights opposition
* Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric
* LGBT stereotypes
* Suicides of LGBTQ people
* Suicide among LGBTQ youth
* Monuments and memorials
* Queerbaiting
* Homosexuality and religion
* Transgender people and religion

|

Prejudice and discrimination|

* Arophobia
* Acephobia
* Anti-gender movement
* AIDS stigma
* Biphobia
* Gayphobia
* Grooming conspiracy theory
* Heterosexism
* Homophobia
* Liberal homophobia
* Discrimination against lesbians
* Discrimination against non-binary people
* Racism
* Riddle scale
* SPLC-designated list of anti-LGBTQ hate groups
* Transmisogyny
* Transphobia

Violence against LGBTQ people|

* Corrective rape
* Capital punishment for homosexuality
* Gay bashing
* History of violence in the UK
* History of violence in the US
* Persecution of homosexuals in Nazi Germany
* Acts of violence against LGBTQ people
* Stop Murder Music
* Violence against transgender people
* Unlawfully killed transgender people

* LGBTQ portal
* Category

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