Timeline of the Sudanese civil war (2025)

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

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* t
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Sudanese civil war (2023–present)

Prelude

* War in Darfur
* Sudanese revolution
* 2021 Sudanese coup d'état
* 2023 Foro Baranga clashes

Battles

* Khartoum
* Bahri offensive
* Khartoum airport
* Laboratory crisis
* Yarmouk airstrike
* Darfur campaign
* Geneina
* Nyala
* El Fasher
* Kutum
* Merowe
* El Obeid
* Kadugli
* Wad Madani
* Babanusa
* Al Fulah
* Sennar offensive
* Jebel Moya
* Dilling
* Drone attacks

War crimes

* Atrocities in Khartoum
* Masalit massacres
* Ardamata
* Misterei
* Gezira State massacres
* Wad An Nora
* Galgani
* Civilian airstrikes
* Kabkabiya market
* Omdurman market
* Mayo
* Kadugli market
* Saudi hospital
* al-Kadaris and al-Khelwat
* Zamzam and Abu Shouk refugee camps

Humanitarian crisis

* Famine
* Refugee crisis
* Forced deportation of Eritreans
* Evacuation of foreign nationals
* France
* India
* Germany

Other

* Timelines
* 2023
* 2024
* 2025
* Treaty of Jeddah (2023)
* Attempted assassination of Abdel Fattah al-Burhan
* 2024 Darfur Ilyushin Il-76 shootdown
* Destruction of cultural heritage during the Sudanese civil war
* 2025 IBM Airlines Boeing 737 shootdown

The following is a timeline of the Sudanese civil war (2023–present) in 2025.

This timeline is a dynamic and fluid list, and as such may never satisfy criteria of completeness. Moreover, some events may only be fully understood and/or discovered in retrospect.

## January

[edit]

### 1 January

[edit]

The Joint Darfur Force (JDF) said it had killed 462 Rapid Support Forces (RSF) fighters including six commanders in a failed attack on Al-Malha, North Darfur. In addition, three vehicles were destroyed. The remaining unit under Ali Rizqallah Al-Safana retreated. The JDF also called on the RSF to surrender to the JDF or the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF).[1]

### 2 January

[edit]

The SAF claimed that RSF brigadier general Ibrahim Delib was killed along with 32 RSF fighters, including a Mauritanian national, after a drone being launched by the group misfired in El Fasher.[2]

### 4 January

[edit]

Two people were killed by RSF shelling on the Saudi Hospital in El Fasher.[3] Four others were killed by RSF shelling in Omdurman.[4]

### 5 January

[edit]

Ten people were killed in an SAF airstrike in Khartoum.[5]

The SAF and the JDF claimed to have deflected an RSF assault on El Fasher that came from the east and southeast of the city. The JDF also intercepted a weapons convoy for the RSF, arresting both Sudanese and Libyan nationals.[6]

### 7 January

[edit]

The United States officially declared that the RSF had committed genocide and imposed sanctions on Hemedti.[7]

The SAF retook the administrative center of Ombadda as well as Al-Shagla and the western section of the Al-Fitaihab neighborhood of Omdurman from the RSF. It also claimed to have freed three captive officers in Al-Fitaihab in a special operation that left more than 20 RSF militants dead, including a commander.[8]

Four people were killed in an SAF airstrike on the Fata Borno IDP camp in Kutum, North Darfur.[9]

### 8 January

[edit]

The SAF retook the town of Haj Abdallah in Gezira State, 58 kilometers from Wad Madani, and the village of Mahalla, 13 kilometers from Wad Madani, from the RSF.[10]

### 9 January

[edit]

The SAF retook the town of Al-Shabarqa in Gezira State, 13 kilometers east of Wad Madani, from the RSF.[11]

### 10 January

[edit]

The SAF retook the town of Um al-Qura in Gezira State, 40 kilometers east of Wad Madani, from the RSF, while the SAF-allied Sudan Shield Forces retook Wad al-Abyad, 20 kilometres from the Hantoub bridge.[12]

At least 26 people were killed in an attack by the Sudan Shield Forces on the village of Tayba in Gezira State.[13]

### 11 January

[edit]

The SAF retook Wad Madani, the capital of Gezira State.[14]

Sixteen people were killed by RSF shelling on the Zamzam IDP camp in North Darfur.[15]

### 12 January

[edit]

The SAF retook the Al-Rawad residential complex in Khartoum from the RSF.[16]

### 13 January

[edit]

At least 120 people were killed by shelling in western Omdurman.[17]

The Merowe Dam power station was damaged by RSF drones, causing a fire at the facility and power outages as far as Shendi, Port Sudan, Atbara and Omdurman.[18]

The SAF retook Karkaraia and Hajar al-Jawad, on the road between Dalang and Kadugli in South Kordofan, from the SPLM-N (al-Hilu).[19]

Thirteen people were killed by the SAF and allied militias in an attack on the informal settlement of Kambo Tayba in Gezira State.[20]

### 14 January

[edit]

The JDF claimed to have killed hundreds of RSF militants, destroyed 262 vehicles, and captured 21 militants and 67 vehicles during clashes in Al-Malha and Halaf in North Darfur.[21]

At least 18 people were killed in attacks by the Sudan Shield Forces on the Shukaba camp and Camp 16 in Gezira State.[22]

### 15 January

[edit]

At least 120 people were killed in an RSF attack on a civilian convoy being escorted by the Sudan Liberation Movement (SLM) and the Gathering of Sudan Liberation Forces (GSLF) near Kabkabiya, North Darfur.[23]

Nine people were killed in attacks by the SAF and the RSF on members of the Kanabi community, who mostly originate from Darfur, in Abu Gouta, Gezira State.[24] Fifteen people were killed in an RSF attack on the village of Al-Khizan in Abu Gouta.[25]

The Sultan Ali Dinar Palace Museum in El Fasher was shelled by the RSF, causing a fire that heavily damaged the structure and destroyed its contents and furniture.[26]

### 16 January

[edit]

Senior US officials reported that the SAF had recently used chemical weapons against the RSF in rural areas at least twice.[27] The US also sanctioned SAF chief General Abdel Fattah al-Burhan for the army's conduct in the war.[28]

The RSF said that it attacked fighters and vehicles in Kabkabiya belonging to the JDF between the SLM-Al Nur and the GSLF. The RSF called for a joint committee to investigate the incident.[29]

### 18 January

[edit]

Forty people were killed in an RSF attack on the village of Jebel Hilla in North Darfur.[30]

Six drones struck the Al-Shawak power station in Gedaref State, injuring civil defence personnel and causing blackouts across the state and in Kassala State. Other drones hit the Gedaref state water station while another crashed near a bus station along the Gedaref-Kassala-Port Sudan highway.[31]

The SAF reached the Al-Shukri junction in Shambat, Khartoum Bahri, while the RSF retreated by one kilometer southwards to the Hassan Ibrahim Malik University City.[32] At least three people were killed by RSF shelling in Omdurman.[33]

The RSF claimed to have taken Al-Hallaf, Drishaqi and Mao in North Darfur.[34]

### 20 January

[edit]

At least 11 people were killed by RSF shelling on the Abu Shouk IDP camp in El Fasher.[35]

A coalition of SAF and allied forces claimed to have repelled two RSF incursions from Libya in North Darfur near the tri-border area with Chad and Libya, killing a total of over 950 fighters, destroying 61 vehicles, and capturing 78 others that were equipped with advanced weaponry.[36]

### 21 January

[edit]

The Sudanese Revolutionary Front expelled the United Popular Front from its member groups after the UPF accused the alliance of being unduly influenced by the RSF.[37]

SAF units besieged at the Signal Corps garrison in Khartoum Bahri launched their first major offensive since September 2024, forcing the RSF to withdraw east towards the Kafouri neighborhood. The SAF also retook Abboud Park in Khartoum Bahri and the Juwayriyah School and the African Council Schools in Al Safiya district.[38]

The RSF issued a 48-hour ultimatum for the SAF to withdraw from El Fasher.[39]

### 22 January

[edit]

The SAF launched an offensive towards the El-Jeili oil refinery and retook the Rotana Mills southeast of the facility.[40]

### 23 January

[edit]

The El-Jeili oil refinery caught fire with smoke being seen from Omdurman and Khartoum Bahri. The SAF claimed that the RSF had set fire to the facility, while the RSF claimed that it caught fire due to incendiary barrel bombs dropped by the Sudanese Air Force.[41]

Two people were killed by RSF shelling on the Abu Shouk IDP camp.[42]

An indefinite strike was launched by employees of the Bashair Hospital in Khartoum after an RSF member opened fire inside the facility the previous day.[43]

### 24 January

[edit]

At least 70 people were killed in an RSF drone strike on the maternity ward of the Saudi Hospital in El Fasher that also destroyed its emergency department.[44][45]

The SAF claimed to have broken the siege around the Signal Corp's base in Khartoum. The RSF denied the claims.[46] The SAF also claimed to have broken the siege around its General Headquarters in Khartoum and retook the El-Jeili oil refinery.[47]

The SAF and allied militias repelled an RSF attack on El Fasher following the expiration of the latter's ultimatum for the SAF to withdraw. The JDF claimed it had killed more than 400 RSF militants, destroyed more than 25 vehicles and captured 30 others.[48]

Ayub Osman Nahar resigned as an advisor to Hemedti, saying that he refused to be part of the RSF's atrocities against civilians and accusing the group of burning villages and killing civilians in North Darfur and Gezira State.[49]

### 27 January

[edit]

The SAF claimed to have pushed into parts of eastern Khartoum near the Al-Rabat College in Burri district, advanced through large portions of the Al-Azba, Kafouri, Ad Babaker, and Ramallah neighborhoods of Khartoum North, and continued their advances towards the El Mek Nimr Bridge. They also claimed to have deployed troops to hold several neighborhoods under their control.[50]

More than 100 people were killed in an RSF attack on the village of Broush in North Darfur.[51]

### 28 January

[edit]

The SAF claimed to have seized the RSF's Medical Directorate located in the former SAF Paratroopers base in Shambat, as well as the Blue and Bashir Towers in Khartoum Bahri.[52]

The RSF announced the death in action of one of its senior commanders, Rahmtalla al-Mahdi, also known as "Jalha", along with his brother. The two were reportedly killed in an airstrike east of Khartoum.[53]

### 29 January

[edit]

The SAF made further gains in Khartoum Bahri and advanced towards the El Mek Nimr Bridge, forcing the RSF out of almost the entire city except in Hillet Hamad.[54]

Renewed fighting in El Fasher killed seven people and injured 12 others. The SAF claimed that the deaths were caused by RSF shelling on the Abu Shouk camp. The SAF also claimed to have repelled an RSF attack on the city.[55]

### 30 January

[edit]

The SAF retook the city of Umm Ruwaba in North Kordofan, advancing towards El Obeid.[56] It shot down ten drones over El Obeid[57] and retook Al-Azba and the eastern part of the Kafouri neighbourhood of Khartoum Bahri.[58]

## February

[edit]

### 1 February

[edit]

At least 60 people were killed while 250 others were injured in an RSF attack on the Sabreen Market in Omdurman.[59] Two others were killed in an SAF airstrike in Khartoum,[60] while at least seven were killed by RSF shelling in El Obeid.[61] Eleven people were killed by RSF shelling on the Abu Shouk camp, while 13 others were killed during clashes in Nyala.[62]

The SAF claimed to have retaken the cities of Tambul, Rufaa and Al-Hasahisa in Gezira State.[63]

### 2 February

[edit]

The JDF claimed to have repelled an RSF attack on El Fasher, killing 140 fighters and mercenaries, destroying 43 vehicles and capturing 12 more. The JDF also said that RSF fighters were appearing more on foot and on camels and horses, and also appeared to be under the influence of drugs.[64]

The SAF retook Wad Rawah and al-Nabati in Gezira State.[65]

Renewed fighting and airstrikes in Darfur left at least 248 people dead or wounded. Health authorities believe the death toll is much higher than recorded due to the ongoing fighting preventing bodies from being recovered and counted.[62]

### 3 February

[edit]

Abdallah Hussein, a senior RSF commander was killed by an SAF airstrike in al-Kamelin in Gezira State.[66]

The SAF claimed to have broke the siege of its Corps of Engineers garrison in the Al 'Aylafun area, and retook the al-Asaylat, Um Daw Ban, and Al 'Aylafun areas of the East Nile locality. The SAF said it plans to continue advances to recapture the Soba Bridge.[67]

According to the state health minister of South Kordofan, the SPLM-N (al-Hilu) killed 44 people after shelling the main market, residential neighborhoods, and temporary shelters in schools in Kadugli.[68]

Twenty-five people were killed in an SAF airstrike in Nyala.[69]

### 4 February

[edit]

At least six people were killed by RSF shelling on the al-Nao hospital in Omdurman.[70]

The SAF claimed to have retaken al-Kamelin[71] and laid siege to the town of Naima in White Nile State.[72]

Engineers from the Khartoum State Water Authority were fired at by RSF snipers stationed at the Kuwaiti building while they were assessing the damage to the Bahri Water Plant.[73]

### 5 February

[edit]

The SAF claimed to have retaken the al-Rumaila district of Khartoum as well as the central mint.[74]

Five people were killed in SAF airstrikes in Nyala.[75]

### 6 February

[edit]

The SAF claimed to have retaken the El Tekeina, El Maseed and El Noba areas south of Giad, the Saria Industrial Complex near Abu Hamama in Khartoum, and Wadi El Akhdar in the Sharg El Nil area of Khartoum Bahri.[76]

### 7 February

[edit]

The SAF claimed to have retaken the Traffic Signs and License Plates Factory along with the entire industrial area of Khartoum. They also claimed to have retaken Al-Masoudiya in Khartoum state[77] and Abu Quta in northwestern Gezira State.[78]

The SAF claimed to have shot down seven RSF drones over Debba, Northern State.[79]

Three people were killed in an RSF attack on the Zamzam IDP camp.[80] Five others were killed in an RSF attack on Saloma, southeast of El Fasher.[81]

### 8 February

[edit]

The SAF claimed to have retaken the Kafouri district of Khartoum Bahri.[82]

The SLM and the GSLF launched an incursion into Chad from Darfur, resulting in clashes with the Chadian Army in the vicinity of the tri-border area with Sudan and Libya. Six Sudanese soldiers were killed while 13 others were injured. Three vehicles were also destroyed while two Sudanese commanders were captured and detained at Amdjarass.[83]

### 10 February

[edit]

The Transitional Sovereignty Council announced that a civilian-led transitional government would be formed once the SAF takes full control of Khartoum.[84][85]

### 12 February

[edit]

At least 31 people were killed following two days of RSF attacks on the Zamzam IDP camp.[86]

### 13 February

[edit]

At least 30 people were reported killed in RSF attacks on al-Jamalab and Na'ima in White Nile State. Fifteen others drowned on the White Nile river while they were boarding a boat to escape the attacks.[87]

### 15 February

[edit]

A 100-member RSF unit stationed in Al-Muzmum, Sennar State, surrendered to the SAF in Singa after previously fleeing to South Sudan.[88]

The SAF claimed to have retaken the El Nour Islamic Complex and the Bahri Thermal Power Plant in Khartoum.[89]

### 16 February

[edit]

Ten people were killed in RSF attacks in Mellit Station in El Fasher. The SAF claimed to have destroyed an RSF base in the east of the city.[90]

### 17 February

[edit]

The SAF took control of the Kafouri area, the last RSF stronghold in Khartoum North, and the city of Er Rahad in North Kordofan.[91] It also retook the Ministry of Animal Resources, the Tax Tower, the Malaysian Tower, and the Medical Supply Department headquarters near central Khartoum.[92]

The Sudanese government extended the opening of the Adre border crossing with Chad until 16 May to allow humanitarian aid to reach Darfur.[93]

### 18 February

[edit]

The SAF retook the Kober Bridge connecting Khartoum with Khartoum Bahri, as well as large parts of El Sajana and El Hilla El Jadeeda in southeastern Khartoum.[94]

The RSF announced plans to form a parallel government in exile, the Government of Peace and Unity, in Nairobi, Kenya.[95]

More than 200 people were killed following three days of RSF attacks in the El Geteina area of White Nile State.[96]

An RSF assault on the Zamzam camp forced thousands to flee to Tawila.[97]

### 19 February

[edit]

Six people were killed by RSF shelling in Omdurman.[98]

The SAF claimed to have retaken the El Hurriya Bridge in central Khartoum, as well as Sidra in North Kordofan.[99]

The United Nations confirmed a state of famine in the Zamzam, Abu Shouk and Al Salam IDP camps in North Darfur, as well as in two locations in the Western Nuba Mountains.[100]

### 20 February

[edit]

Ten people were killed in an airstrike in El Khazan Jadeed, East Darfur.[99]

The Sudanese government recalled its ambassador to Kenya over the latter's hosting of meetings by the RSF and allied groups.[101] It also imposed a ban on the Saudi-owned Asharq News news channel, which was lifted on 24 March.[102]

### 22 February

[edit]

The SAF and the Sudan Shield Forces claimed to have forced the RSF to retreat from the Soba neighbourhood of eastern Khartoum and retook the Al-Lulua and Al-Samra neighbourhoods southeast of the Soba Bridge connecting Khartoum's southern and eastern neighbourhoods with the rural areas of East Nile, adding that the 17 RSF militants were killed while nine vehicles were destroyed or captured.[103]

### 23 February

[edit]

The RSF, the SPLM-N (al-Hilu) and allied groups signed a charter to establish the Government of Peace and Unity following a meeting in Nairobi.[104][105]

The SAF's Sayyad Force lifted the two-year siege of El Obeid.[106] The SAF also recaptured El Geteina.[107]

### 24 February

[edit]

The SAF claimed to have taken the eastern part of the Soba Bridge.[108]

The SAF said that it had partially broken the siege of Dalang and captured the Al-Karkal, Koli, and Kiqa regions north of Kadugli and Hajar Al-Jawad and Karkariya to the south.[109]

The RSF claimed to have shot down an Ilyushin fighter jet over Nyala, killing its crew.[110] The pilot was later identified as Major General Abulgasem Ali.[111]

The National Umma Party removed Fadlallah Burma Nasir as its acting leader following his cosigning of the Government of Peace and Unity agreement with the RSF.[112] In response, Nasir ordered the dissolution of the party's Presidential Institution.[113]

### 25 February

[edit]

An SAF Antonov An-26 transport aircraft crashed into a residential area of Karari, Omdurman, during takeoff from Wadi Seidna Air Base, killing at least 46 people including Major-General Bahr Ahmed, a senior commander in Khartoum.[114][115]

The SAF recaptured Al-Khiwai, advancing closer to relieve the siege of El-Khiwai.[116]

### 26 February

[edit]

Food aid was halted due to continued attacks on the Zamzam camp.[117]

Russia called on the UN to support the Sudanese government's peace efforts and warned against the parallel RSF government that could halt efforts to support stability in Sudan.[118]

### 28 February

[edit]

The RSF launched a drone strike on the Merowe Power Station, leading to a power outage in the city.[119]

The JDF claimed to have intercepted an RSF supply shipment in North Darfur and "neutralized" foreign mercenaries, demanding apologies from Colombia. The claims were denied by the RSF.[120]

## March

[edit]

### 1 March

[edit]

The SAF claimed to have dismantled a cell based in the Marabi’ al-Sharif area of Soba Sharq, east of Khartoum, that counterfeited currency for the RSF and included foreign nationals.[121]

### 2 March

[edit]

The SAF retook Station 13 and parts of the El Nasr and El Huda neighbourhoods in Khartoum.[122]

### 3 March

[edit]

The SAF reached the eastern edge of the al-Manshia bridge in East Nile, Khartoum and retook the headquarters of the East Nile Central Reserve Forces.[123]

Seven people were killed in an SAF airstrike on Umm Kuraydim, north of El Obeid.[124]

### 4 March

[edit]

More than 80 people were killed or injured by RSF shelling on Abu Shouk IDP camp.[125]

### 5 March

[edit]

The SAF retook El Dali and El Mazmum, the RSF's last strongholds in Sennar State, as well as Al-Jabalain in White Nile state.[126]

### 6 March

[edit]

Sudan filed a case in the International Court of Justice (ICJ) against the United Arab Emirates, accusing it of complicity in genocide by providing weapons to the RSF.[127]

Canada imposed sanctions on al-Burhan and Hemedti, citing in part "an unwillingness on the part of the leaders to negotiate an end to the war".[128]

### 7 March

[edit]

A detention centre operated by the RSF near Khartoum was discovered, revealing evidence of torture and a nearby mass grave containing over 500 unmarked graves.[129][130]

### 9 March

[edit]

Seven people were killed in an RSF attack on Al Khiwai, West Kordofan,[131] while two others were killed in RSF drone strikes in Al-Malha, North Darfur.[132]

### 10 March

[edit]

The SAF claimed to have destroyed 47 vehicles and 100 drones belonging to the RSF in El Fasher over the course of 10 days. They also claimed that local forces killed 15 fighters and that they recaptured the whole Al-Salam neighborhood and the Lafat Taqro buildings in the south of the city.[133]

### 12 March

[edit]

10 people were killed by RSF shelling in El Fasher,[134] while two children were killed and eight more were injured by RSF shelling in El Obeid.[135]

### 13 March

[edit]

RSF shelling on El Obeid killed one woman and injured four others, bringing the death toll from RSF attacks on the city to 32.[136]

### 14 March

[edit]

The Sudanese government ordered a ban on imports from Kenya, citing national security concerns amid criticism over the latter's hosting of the RSF.[137]

The SAF claimed to have shot down a drone squadron targeting Atbara.[136] Eight civilians were killed in RSF raids on eastern Khartoum.[138]

### 15 March

[edit]

Hemedti vowed to carry out new offensives on March 17, the anniversary of the RSF's founding, claiming the RSF had undergone several changes and had made alliances with other groups such as the SPLM-N. He threatened to invade Port Sudan and attack Atbara, Shendi, Merowe, Al Dabbah, and Dongola. He also said that countries supporting the SAF would "pay the price".[139]

The bodies of 11 people suspected to have been killed by the RSF were recovered from a well in the Fayhaa neighborhood of Khartoum.[140]

### 16 March

[edit]

Government buildings used by the RSF in Ed Daein and Nyala were destroyed by missiles.[141] The SAF also claimed to have taken control of the Family Club, Khartoum 3, and part of Khartoum 2 and cut off the last RSF supply route to the Presidential Palace.[142]

Four people were killed and 30 people were injured including 18 children from RSF shelling in Karari, Omdurman.[143]

The SAF said that its Armoured Corps had linked up with SAF forces at the General Command headquarters in Khartoum after clearing the People's Teaching Hospital from the RSF.[144]

### 17 March

[edit]

The United Nations said the RSF detained more than 60 peacekeepers, abducted eight civilian staff, and seized eight vehicles and 280,000 litres of fuel from a United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) logistics convoy heading from a refueling mission in Kadugli.[145]

### 19 March

[edit]

The Sudanese government suspended development projects funded by Arab and international lenders, including the World Bank and African Development Bank, citing in part concerns over addressing arrears and resuming funding flows due to the ongoing conflict.[146]

The SAF claimed to have killed an RSF commander and 15 other fighters in an airstrike in El Fasher.[147]

### 20 March

[edit]

The RSF claimed to have taken Al-Malha, which the JDF denied, adding that eight senior RSF officers, including field commander Colonel Ayoub Ahimer, had been killed.[148]

### 21 March

[edit]

The SAF retook the Republican Palace in Khartoum from the RSF.[149][150] An RSF drone strike on the palace that same day killed six journalists including two military reporters and four members of a Sudan TV crew.[151]

### 22 March

[edit]

The SAF retook the Corinthia Hotel and the headquarters of the Central Bank of Sudan and the General Intelligence Service in Khartoum from the RSF.[152] It also retook Tuti Island, situated at the confluence of the Blue Nile and the White Nile, after advancing through the Tuti Bridge.[153]

Forty-eight people were killed in ethnically motivated attacks by the RSF in Al-Malha.[154]

### 23 March

[edit]

Eleven people were killed in an RSF drone strike on the Radwan Mosque in Hilat Kuko in East Nile area of Khartoum. Eight people were killed by RSF shelling in El Fasher,[155] while three others were killed by RSF shelling in Omdurman.[153]

Eighteen people were killed following three days of RSF attacks on villages in Gezira State northwest of Wad Madani.[156]

The RSF claimed to have taken Lagawa in West Kordofan.[155]

### 24 March

[edit]

The RSF launched a series of attacks in eastern Khartoum, killing at least five people and injuring dozens.[157] At the same time, the group retreated from the Salama, Azhari, Ad Hussein, Mayo, Gereif West, Burri, Sahafat and Kalakla neighbourhoods of Khartoum and were seen moving south towards Jebel Aulia.[158]

The Darfur Initiative for Justice and Peace said that hundreds of civilians were killed in an SAF airstrike on the Tur'rah market near El Fasher.[159]

### 26 March

[edit]

The SAF retook Khartoum International Airport and the Manshiya Bridge over the Blue Nile in Khartoum. It also retook the Tiba al-Hassanab camp in Jabal Aulia, which is described as the RSF's last stronghold in Khartoum and its main base in central Sudan.[160]

Al-Burhan visited the presidential palace in Khartoum and announced the liberation of the city, proclaiming that "Khartoum is free".[161]

### 27 March

[edit]

The SAF reportedly cleared the last pockets of RSF control south of Khartoum and captured Jabal Awliya. They also claimed to have neutralized 23 RSF personnel and captured an artillery piece.[162]

A swarm of drones attacked the city of Ad-Damazin in Blue Nile State, with some explosions and smoke being reported. The SAF claimed to have shot down five drones over the armored corps base, 4th infantry division headquarters, and the city's airport.[163]

### 29 March

[edit]

The SAF retook the Souq Libya market west of Omdurman.[164]

### 30 March

[edit]

The SAF and allied fighters repelled an RSF assault on El Fasher and attacked a supply convoy, destroying 16 vehicles and killing dozens of RSF fighters. Nine civilians were killed and 17 more were injured in RSF shelling.[165]

### 31 March

[edit]

Seven people were killed by RSF shelling on the Abu Shouk camp.[166]

The RSF claimed to have taken Khor El Dalaib in South Kordofan following clashes that left 12 civilians dead. It also claimed to have killed 70 fighters of the Islamic Movement, and destroyed or captured 13 vehicles.[167]

## April

[edit]

### 2 April

[edit]

Two people were killed by RSF shelling on the Abu Shouk camp.[168]

At least 96 people were killed following four days of attacks on the RSF on Al-Jumu’iya, south of Omdurman.[169]

### 3 April

[edit]

The RSF claimed to have shot down an SAF Antonov aircraft over El Fasher, killing its eight crew.[167]

### 4 April

[edit]

More than 100 civilians were killed in clashes in Al Malha. The RSF was also accused of human rights violations after its capture, including looting, killings, and torture.[170]

### 5 April

[edit]

The Merowe power station was struck by an RSF drone, causing power outages in Omdurman and Northern State.[171]

### 6 April

[edit]

At least 15 civilians were killed in clashes between the SAF and the RSF in Ombadda.[172]

Four people were killed in an RSF drone attack on Al Dabbah, Northern State.[173]

### 7 April

[edit]

The RSF launched a drone attack on Dongola Airport, destroying a fuel storage facility.[174]

Three people were killed by RSF shelling on Abu Shouk IDP camp.[175] Several others were killed in an joint RSF and SPLM-N (al-Hilu) attack in Rashad, South Kordofan.[176]

### 8 April

[edit]

The SAF retook the Al-Nusour and Al-Konan camps as well as the Fatasha, Al-Hilla Al-Jadida, and Iskan Al-Safwa areas of Omdurman from the RSF.[177]

### 9 April

[edit]

RSF drone and artillery attacks in El Obeid and Al Dabbah killed 13 people.[178]

### 10 April

[edit]

The ICJ began hearing Sudan's genocide case against the UAE.[179]

At least 15 civilians were killed by RSF shelling on the Abu Shouk camp. The RSF also claimed to have taken Umm Keddada.[180]

### 11 April

[edit]

At least 32 civilians were killed in RSF shelling and drone attacks on El Fasher.[181]

### 12 April

[edit]

An RSF attack on Zamzam Refugee Camp killed or injured hundreds, most of them women and children. The RSF denied the allegations.[182]

### 13 April

[edit]

The RSF claimed to have taken Zamzam Refugee Camp.[183]

### 14 April

[edit]

The RSF launched a drone attack on Atbara, hitting a fuel depot and a power generation station and causing blackouts.[184]

### 15 April

[edit]

Hemedti officially announced the establishment of the Government of Peace and Unity.[185]

An evening curfew was declared in El Fasher in response to RSF attacks.[186]

### 16 April

[edit]

At least 57 people were killed by RSF shelling in El Fasher.[187]

### 19 April

[edit]

The RSF was accused of killing multiple civilians in an attack on the village of Broush in North Darfur.[188]

### 20 April

[edit]

At least 30 people were killed during RSF attacks in El Fasher.[189]

### 22 April

[edit]

At least 55 people were killed following two days of RSF shelling in El Fasher.[190]

### 23 April

[edit]

A faction of the Justice and Equality Movement (JEM) led by Mohamed Bashara Yahya announced its allegiance to the SAF.[191]

### 24 April

[edit]

At least 74 people were killed in an RSF attack on the village of Al-Zafa in West Kordofan.[192]

### 25 April

[edit]

At least 11 people were killed in an RSF drone strike in Atbara that hit a displaced persons camp and energy facilities.[193]

RSF shelling from Salha in Omdurman hit the SAF's general headquarters in Khartoum.[194]

### 27 April

[edit]

The RSF was accused of killing 31 people execution-style in Salha, Omdurman.[195]

An RSF-allied militia abducted 40 aid workers and about 50 civilians who were evacuating the Zamzam camp.[196]

### 29 April

[edit]

Forty-five people were killed following two days of RSF shelling in El Fasher.[197]

### 30 April

[edit]

The first shipment of humanitarian aid from the UN arrived in central Khartoum for the first time since the war began.[198]

The UAE said it had intercepted millions of rounds of ammunition at an airport intended for the SAF.[199]

## May

[edit]

### 1 May

[edit]

The RSF took En Nahud in West Kordofan, killing 19 people.[200]

### 2 May

[edit]

The SAF retook the villages of Al-Sufi, Al-Alqa and Al-Shaqeeq on the west bank of the White Nile in White Nile State, while the RSF launched a drone attack on the headquarters of the SAF's 18th Infantry Division in Kosti.[201]

### 3 May

[edit]

The SAF said that the RSF fired several suicide drones towards Kassala Airport and Port Sudan, targeting Port Sudan Air Base and a goods warehouse and civilian facilities in the city, causing “limited damage”.[202][203]

The SAF launched airstrikes on Nyala Airport following the landing of an aircraft believed to be transporting weapons to the RSF.[204]

The leader of the Otash IDP camp in Nyala, Abdel Razek Hassan Jalis, was shot dead along with his son and another camp resident in an attack by the RSF.[205]

### 5 May

[edit]

The ICJ dismissed Sudan's genocide case against the UAE, citing lack of authority to continue the proceedings.[206]

### 6 May

[edit]

The RSF launched another series of drone strikes on Port Sudan.[207]

Six people were killed by RSF shelling on the Abu Shouk camp.[208]

The Sudanese government severed diplomatic relations with the UAE due to its alleged support for the RSF.[209]

### 7 May

[edit]

The RSF launched drone strikes on Port Sudan for the fourth consecutive day.[210]

### 8 May

[edit]

Eight people were killed in RSF attacks on Omdurman.[211]

### 9 May

[edit]

Fourteen people were killed in RSF shelling on Abu Shouk camp.[212]

The Sudanese government ordered the shutdown of the Greater Nile Oil Pipeline carrying petroleum experts by South Sudan, citing RSF attacks.[213]

### 10 May

[edit]

At least 20 inmates were killed in a suspected RSF drone strike on El Obeid prison.[214]

### 11 May

[edit]

The SAF claimed to have retaken the town of Al-Khuwayyi in West Kordofan from the RSF.[215]

Seven people were killed by RSF shelling in El Fasher.[216]

### 13 May

[edit]

The SAF claimed to have retaken the town of Al-Hamadi in South Kordofan, as well as the Al-Jami’a and Al-Shaqla neighbourhoods in southern Omdurman from the RSF.[217][218]

### 14 May

[edit]

The RSF launched drone attacks on three electricity stations in Omdurman, causing blackouts across Khartoum.[219]

### 15 May

[edit]

Four people were killed in a suspected RSF drone strike on an SAF hospital in El Obeid.[220]

### 16 May

[edit]

Ten people were killed by SPLM-N (al-Hilu) shelling in Kadugli, while the SAF took Al-Tareeda and Al-Dakka in Qadeer, South Kordofan, from the SPLM-N (al-Hilu).[221]

### 18 May

[edit]

Fourteen people were killed by RSF shelling on a market in the Abu Shouk camp.[222] One person was killed in an RSF attack on the village of Al-Samra in White Nile State.[223]

Nine people, including seven military personnel, were killed in an RSF drone strike on a base belonging to the Sudan Shield Forces in the Al-Butana plain of Gezira State.[224]

### 19 May

[edit]

The SAF retook Wadi al-Atrun in Al-Malha, located on a strategic road linking Northern State and North Darfur.[225] The SAF also retook Al-Salha in Omdurman, Al Alqa in the White Nile, and the Um Libana area in West Kordofan.[226]

### 20 May

[edit]

The SAF said it had cleared Khartoum State of the RSF.[227]

### 21 May

[edit]

The SAF said it had cleared White Nile State of the RSF.[228]

### 22 May

[edit]

The US announced new sanctions on Sudan over the SAF's alleged use of chemical weapons against the RSF.[229]

The SAF said it had found mass graves in Al-Salha, Omdurman containing the remains of 465 people killed by the RSF.[230]

### 23 May

[edit]

The SAF and its allies announced the capture of Ed Dubeibat in South Kordofan.[231]

### 27 May

[edit]

An RSF drone strike hit an SAF base and caused a fire at an SAF fuel depot in Kosti.[232]

Three people were killed in an RSF drone strike on a public transport station in Er Rahad.[233]

### 28 May

[edit]

Eight people were killed in an RSF drone strike in Al Khuwayyi, while two others were killed in a separate attack in Dibebad.[234]

### 29 May

[edit]

The RSF claimed to have retaken Dibebad and Al Khuwayyi.[235]

### 30 May

[edit]

At least 28 people were killed in RSF attacks on El-Obeid, Dibebad and Al Khuwayyi. Among the dead were six people killed in a drone attack on a hospital in El-Obeid.[236][237]

A World Food Programme (WFP) warehouse in El Fasher was damaged by shelling blamed on the RSF.[237]

### 31 May

[edit]

At least 89 people were killed in an SAF airstrike on a market in Al-Koma, North Darfur.[238]

At least 13 people were killed in RSF attacks on West and South Kordofan.[239]

The SAF launched drone strikes on Nyala.[240]

## June

[edit]

### 1 June

[edit]

Prime Minister Idris ordered the dissolution of the transitional government.[241]

### 2 June

[edit]

The Sudanese government and the RSF traded blame for an attack on a joint WFP-UNICEF convoy in Al-Koma that killed five people and destroyed several trucks carrying humanitarian aid.[242][243]

### 4 June

[edit]

Fourteen people were killed by RSF shelling on Abu Shouk IDP camp.[244]

### 5 June

[edit]

Five people were killed in an RSF drone strike in El Obeid.[245]

Six people were killed by RSF shelling on Abu Shouk IDP camp.[244]

### 6 June

[edit]

A Libyan National Army (LNA) unit crossed the common border into Sudan and reached three kilometers within Sudanese territory near Jabal Arkanu before clashing with an SAF-allied group, leaving two Libyans dead and others captured.[246]

### 7 June

[edit]

The RSF and the SPLM-N (al-Hilu) took the town of Um Dehilib, South Kordofan.[247]

### 9 June

[edit]

The RSF claimed to have taken the headquarters of the SAF's 22nd Infantry Division in Babanusa.[248]

The RSF launched a widespread campaign of arrests across South Darfur and East Darfur.[249]

### 10 June

[edit]

The SAF accused the LNA of carrying out a joint attack with the RSF in the Libya-Egypt-Sudan border triangle.[250]

Eight people were killed in an SAF drone attack on a school sheltering IDPs in Abu Zabad, West Kordofan.[251]

### 11 June

[edit]

The SAF announced its withdrawal from the Libya-Egypt-Sudan border triangle following attacks by the LNA and the RSF the previous day.[246]

Eight people were killed by RSF shelling in Abu Shouk IDP camp.[252]

### 12 June

[edit]

The SLM-Minnawi accused the RSF of kidnapping 100 civilians fleeing El Fasher for forced conscription.[253]

### 13 June

[edit]

The SAF carried out a series of drone strikes on Nyala.[254]

Seven people, including five children, were killed by RSF shelling in El Obeid.[255]

### 15 June

[edit]

At least 35 people were killed by RSF shelling on an IDP shelter at the agriculture ministry building in El Fasher.[256]

The SAF claimed to have repelled an RSF assault on El Fasher, destroying two armored troop carriers, two armored combat vehicles, and killing and injuring dozens of soldiers.[257]

### 16 June

[edit]

The RSF took the oasis of Karb El Toum near the Libyan border.[258]

Fighting broke out between the SAF and the RSF in Babanusa for the first time since January 2024.[259]

### 17 June

[edit]

The SAF repelled an attack from the SPLM-N (Al-Hilu) in Kadugli.[260]

### 18 June

[edit]

Médecins Sans Frontières claimed cholera reached Darfur for the first time since the beginning of the war.[261]

### 19 June

[edit]

The SAF claimed to have destroyed 14 RSF vehicles in airstrikes near Babanusa.[262]

### 20 June

[edit]

SPLM-N (Al-Hilu) shelling destroyed five houses in Kadugli without causing casualties.[263]

### 21 June

[edit]

More than 40 people were killed in shelling on the Al-Mujlad Hospital in Muglad, West Kordofan that was blamed on the SAF.[264]

### 25 June

[edit]

An RSF drone strike hit civilian and military positions in Dalang, killing four civilians and an unknown number of soldiers.[265]

The SAF claimed to have retaken the town of Baldago in Blue Nile State from the RSF and the SPLM-N (al-Hilu).[266]

### 26 June

[edit]

An RSF unit attacked the Kober and Dagrees prisons in Nyala in an attempt to free one of its commanders, triggering clashes that left at least 23 people dead and dozens of inmates escaping.[267]

### 27 June

[edit]

Thirteen people were killed by RSF shelling in El Fasher.[268]

### 28 June

[edit]

The SAF claimed to have retaken key roads linking Kadugli and Dalang from the SPLM-N (Al-Hilu).[269]

The SAF launched drone strikes on RSF positions in Nyala.[270]

### 29 June

[edit]

Three people were killed by RSF shelling on Abu Shouk IDP camp.[271]

## July

[edit]

### 1 July

[edit]

The SAF intercepted RSF drones in Merowe and Al-Dabbah.[272]

The RSF and the SPLM-N (al-Hilu) announced the creation in Nyala of a governing alliance headed by Hemedti, with SPLM-N leader Abdelaziz al-Hilu as his deputy.[273]

### 4 July

[edit]

Ethiopian militias attacked farmers at Al-Fashaga District.[274]

Four people were killed in clashes between the Kababish tribe and the Hawawir people in Al-Dabbah.[275]

### 6 July

[edit]

Five people were killed by RSF shelling on Abu Shouk IDP camp.[276]

### 7 July

[edit]

The SAF captured Al-Riash and Kazgali in North Kordofan from the RSF.[277]

### 8 July

[edit]

Eight people were killed in an RSF drone strike in El Fasher.[278]

The SLM arrested two journalists in El Fasher.[279]

### 10 July

[edit]

Four people were killed by RSF shelling in El Obeid.[280]

### 11 July

[edit]

Eight people were killed by an SAF airstrike in Abu Zabad, West Kordofan.[281]

The RSF launched a major attack on El Fasher, seizing the city's main livestock market, the Shalla prison and the headquarters of the Central Reserve Forces before being driven back the next day by the SAF.[282]

### 12 July

[edit]

Five people were killed by RSF shelling in El Fasher.[282]

### 13 July

[edit]

Ten people were killed in SAF airstrikes in Abu Zabad and Al-Fulah in West Kordofan.[283]

The RSF claimed to have taken the town of Um Sumaima in North Darfur. However, Darfur's governor, Minni Minnawi, claimed that it had been retaken by the JDF.[284]

The bodies of 26 people killed by the RSF were recovered from a mass grave at the Al-Nashisheiba campus of the University of Gezira.[285]

### 14 July

[edit]

More than 200 people were killed by the RSF in Barah, North Kordofan.[286]

### 15 July

[edit]

Six people were killed by shelling on the Nyvasha market in Abu Shouk camp.[287]

### 16 July

[edit]

Five people including children were killed by RSF shelling in El Fasher.[287]

### 18 July

[edit]

General al-Burhan ordered the SAF's withdrawal from Khartoum as part of efforts to end looting.[288]

The European Union imposed sanctions on SAF commander Abuqala Mohamed Kaikal, RSF commander Hussein Barsham and the firms Al-Khaleej Bank and Red Rock Mining.[289]

### 19 July

[edit]

The SAF airdropped supplies in Babanusa.[290]

### 21 July

[edit]

The SAF and the JDF repelled a major attack by the RSF in El Fasher.[291]

Five people were killed in suspected SAF drone strikes on fuel markets in Al-Fulah and Abu Zabad.[292]

### 22 July

[edit]

Clashes broke out in Kadugli between the SAF and a formerly-allied militia led by Kafi Tayar over the latter's attempts to seize food from a market.[293]

### 23 July

[edit]

General Al-Taj Youssef Aboukadair, a senior RSF commander also known as Folgank, was killed by an SAF drone strike in Abu Zabad that also killed two other RSF commanders.[294]

At least 32 people were killed in an RSF attack on the village of Brima Rashid in West Kordofan.[295]

### 24 July

[edit]

An unspecified number of civilians were killed in a suspected RSF drone attack on vehicles traveling between Umm Dam Haj Ahmed in North Kordofan and Ed Dueim in White Nile State.[296]

### 25 July

[edit]

A suspected RSF drone strike hit an SAF position known as Al-Hafra west of Ed Dueim.[296]

### 26 July

[edit]

The Leadership Council of the Sudan Founding Alliance (TASIS), a coalition led by the RSF, announced a parallel government with Hemedti as chair of a 15-person presidential council and Mohammed Hassan Osman al-Ta'ishi as prime minister.[297]

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* v
* t
* e

Sudanese civil war (2023–present)

Belligerents|

* RSF
* Hemedti
* SAF
* al-Burhan
* SPLM-N (al-Hilu faction)
* Abdelaziz al-Hilu
* SPLM-N (Agar faction)
* Malik Agar
* SLM (Tambour faction)
* Mustafa Tambour
* SLM (Minnawi faction)
* Minni Minnawi
* SLM (al-Nur faction)
* Abdul Wahid al-Nur
* JEM
* Gibril Ibrahim
* Popular Resistance
* PDF
* Al-Bara' ibn Malik Battalion
* AWB
* Darfur Joint Protection Force
* Tamazuj
* Tagadum

Battles|

* Khartoum
* Bahri
* Khartoum Airport
* RSF atrocities
* Darfur campaign
* Geneina
* Nyala
* El Fasher
* UNSC Resolution 2736
* Kutum
* El Obeid
* Kadugli
* Merowe Airport
* Al Fulah
* Wad Madani
* Babanusa
* Sennar
* Jebel Moya
* Dilling

War crimes|

* May 2023 Mayo shelling
* Masalit massacres
* Misterei massacre
* Ardamata massacre
* Wad Al-Noora massacre
* Galgani massacre
* October 2024 civilian airstrikes
* 2024 eastern Gezira State massacres
* 2025 Saudi Hospital Attack
* 2025 Omdurman market attack
* 2025 Kadugli shelling
* Al-Kadaris and Al-Khelwat massacres
* Zamzam and Abu Shouk refugee camp massacres

Humanitarian crisis|

* Famine
* Zamzam camp
* Refugee crisis
* Forced deportation of Eritreans
* Evacuation of foreign nationals
* France
* India
* Germany
* Local humanitarian groups
* ERRs
* SDU

Damaged infrastructure|

* Chevrelet
* Shambat Bridge
* Sudan Central Bank
* Aircraft at Khartoum airport
* NTC Tower
* Laboratory crisis
* Afra Mall
* Destroyed Heritage Sites
* St. Matthew's Cathedral
* Republican Palace
* National Museum of Sudan
* University of Khartoum
* PDOC Headquarters
* GNPOC Tower

Related|

* Timelines
* 2023
* 2024
* 2025
* Attempted assassination of al-Burhan
* Treaty of Jeddah (2023)
* 2023 Foro Baranga clashes
* Sudanese transition to democracy (2019–2021)
* Abdalla Hamdok government (2019–2022)
* Osman Hussein government (2022–2025)
* Government of Peace and Unity (2025–)

* Category
* Commons

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