Tirukkural translations into Polish

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As of 2015, there are at least two translations of the Tirukkural available in the Polish language.[1]

## History of translations

[edit]

The first Polish translation of the Kural text was made in prose in 1958 by Umadevi and Wandy Dynowskiej,[2]: 120 published by the Indo-Polish Library (Biblioteka Polsko-Indyjska).[3] With 141 pages, it was only a partial translation. During the same year, a parallel edition by the same translator appeared in Poland.[4] A verse translation was made by Bohdan Gębarski, published in 1977 under the title Tirukkural. Święta księga południowych Indii.[3] It is a complete translation. It was published again in 1998.[5]

## Translations

[edit]

Translation  | Chapter 26, O Mięsożerstwie

|

Kural 254 (Couplet 26:4)  | Kural 258 (Couplet 26:8)
Bohdan Gębarski, 1977 | Wiele człowiek ma cech drapieżnego zwierzęcia,
Przecież ubój to też mordowanie. | Niech więc śmierć ta przedwcześnie zwierzęciu zadana
Nie obciąża twojego sumienia.

## See also

[edit]

* Tirukkural translations
* List of Tirukkural translations by language

## References

[edit]

* Tamils portal
* India portal
* Poland portal
* Literature portal
* Poetry portal

1. ^ Pallu, Nelza Mara; Mohanty, Panchanan; Durga, Shiva (May 2023). "Thirukkural Translations: A Sacred Text From the Town of Peacocks—Mayilâpûr India" (PDF). International Journal of Development Research. 13 (5): 62551–62553\. doi:10.37118/ijdr.26323.05.2023 (inactive 1 November 2024). ISSN 2230-9926. Retrieved 18 November 2023.62551-62553&rft.date=2023-05&rft_id=info:doi/10.37118/ijdr.26323.05.2023&rft.issn=2230-9926&rft.aulast=Pallu&rft.aufirst=Nelza+Mara&rft.au=Mohanty,+Panchanan&rft.au=Durga,+Shiva&rft_id=https://www.journalijdr.com/sites/default/files/issue-pdf/26323.pdf&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Tirukkural+translations+into+Polish" class="Z3988">`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024 (link)
2. ^ Parthasarathy, Sa.; Ashraf, N.V.K.; Rajendiran, C.; Thangavelu, Elangovan; Duraisamy, Senthilselvan; Selvan, Ajey Kumar (2023). Thirukkural Translations in World Languages. Chennai: ValaiTamil Publications.
3. ^ a b Polilan; K. Gunathogai; Lena Kumar; Tagadur Sampath; Mutthamizh; G. Picchai Vallinayagam; D. Anbunidhi; K. V. Neduncheraladhan, eds. (2019). Tiruvalluvar 2050 (in Tamil) (1 ed.). Chennai: Periyar Enthusiasts Group. p. 686.
4. ^ Sanjeevi, N. (1973). Bibliography on Tirukkural. In First All India Tirukkural Seminar Papers. Chennai: University of Madras. p. 147.
5. ^ Gębarski, Bohdan (1977). "Tirukkural. Święta księga południowych Indii". Retrieved 14 April 2017.

## Bibliography

[edit]

* Gębarski, B. (1998). Tirukkural. Święta księga południowych Indii. Europa. Pp. 152\. ISBN 83-85336-54-0. Available from http://wysylkowa.com/ks414573.html

## External links

[edit]

* Ashraf, N. V. K. (1998). "Tirukkural. Święta księga południowych Indii". GeoCities. Retrieved 14 April 2017.

* v
* t
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Tirukkural

History|

* Valluvar (author)
* Elelasingan (disciple)
* Vasuki (wife)
* Dating the work
* Other names

Parts|

* Book of Aram
* Book of Porul
* Book of Inbam

Grammar|

* Kural Venba

Concepts and teachings|

* Ahimsa (Inna seyyaamai)
* Artha (Porul)
* Compassion (Arul)
* Dharma (Aram)
* Discipline (Olukkam)
* Giving (Eegai)
* Gratitude (Nandri)
* Hospitality (Virundhombal)
* Impartiality (Naduvu nilaimai)
* Kama (Inbam)
* Karma/Destiny (Uul)
* Love/Kindness (Anbu)
* Nishkama Karma (Ava arutthal)
* Non-killing (Kollaamai)
* Patience (Porai)
* Penance (Thavam)
* Selflessness (Thuravu)
* Self-restraint (Adakkam)
* Truthfulness (Vaaimai)
* Vegetarianism/Veganism (Pulaal marutthal)

Commentaries|

| Medieval|

* Dharumar
* Manakkudavar
* Dhamatthar
* Nacchar
* Paridhi
* Thirumalaiyar
* Mallar
* Pari Perumal
* Kaalingar
* Parimelalhagar

|

Modern|

* Vedagiri Mudaliar
* Saravanaperumal Aiyar
* K. Vadivelu Chettiar
* Kaviraja Pandithar
* Thirumeni Rathna Kavirayar
* Ramanuja Kavirayar
* V. O. Chidambaram Pillai
* Thiru Vi Ka
* Bharathidasan
* M. Varadarajan
* Namakkal Kavignar
* V. Munusamy
* V. R. Nedunchezhiyan
* Devaneya Pavanar
* Karunanidhi
* Solomon Pappaiah

Translations|

| Indian
languages|

* Gujarati: Kantilal L. Kalani
* P. C. Kokila
* Kannada: L. Gundappa
* B. M. Srikanthaiah
* S. Srinivasan
* Konkani: Narayana Purushothama Mallaya
* Suresh Gundu Amonkar
* Malayalam: G. Balakrishnan Nair
* Tiruvallam Bhaskaran Nair
* Marathi: Pandurang Sadashiv Sane
* Meitei: Soibam Rebika Devi
* Odia: Chittaranjan Das
* Gananath Das
* Punjabi: Tarlochan Singh Bedi
* Sanskrit: S. N. Sriramadesikan
* Saurashtra: Sankhu Ram

|

English|

* V. V. S. Aiyar
* K. M. Balasubramaniam
* A. Chakravarti
* William Henry Drew
* Charles E. Gover
* N. E. Kindersley
* John Lazarus
* S. M. Michael
* George Uglow Pope
* H. A. Popley
* Edward Jewitt Robinson
* Sivaya Subramuniyaswami
* P. S. Sundaram
* G. Vanmikanathan
* Emmons E. White

Other
languages|

* Czech: Kamil V. Zvelebil
* Fijian: Paul Geraghty
* Finnish: Pentti Aalto
* French: E. S. Ariel
* Alain Daniélou
* Gnanou Diagou
* Pierre-Eugène Lamairesse
* German: August Friedrich Caemmerer
* Karl Graul
* Friedrich Rückert
* Albert Schweitzer
* Irish: Gabriel Rosenstock
* Japanese: Shuzo Matsunaga
* Takanobu Takahashi
* Latin: Constanzo Beschi
* Karl Graul
* Mandarin: Yu Hsi

Culture|

* Valluvar Year
* Kural Peedam Award
* Thiruvalluvar Award

Memorials|

* Valluvar Kottam
* Mylapore Thiruvalluvar Temple
* Tiruchuli Thiruvalluvar Temple
* Thiruvalluvar Statue
* Sarvajna and Tiruvalluvar statues installation

Legacy|

* Tiruvalluva Maalai
* A Letter to a Hindu
* Impact of Tirukkural
* Thiruvalluvar University
* Thiruvalluvar Twin Bridge

* Category
* Commons

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