Tonekabon

City in Mazandaran province, Iran

For the administrative division of Mazandaran province, see Tonekabon County.

City in Mazandaran, Iran

Tonekabon

Persian: تنكابن

City

Tonekabon

Coordinates: 36°48′55″N 50°52′16″E﻿ / ﻿36.81528°N 50.87111°E﻿ / 36.81528; 50.87111[1]
Country| Iran
Province| Mazandaran
County| Tonekabon
District| Central
Population

(2016)[2]

• Total| 55,434
Time zone| UTC+3:30 (IRST)
Website| tonekabon.ir

Tonekabon (Persian: تنكابن)[a] is a city in the Central District of Tonekabon County, Mazandaran province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district.[4] The languages of Tonekabon are Mazandarani[5][6] and Gilaki.[7][8]

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the city's population was 43,128 in 13,087 households.[9] The following census in 2011 counted 45,338 people in 14,975 households.[10] The 2016 census measured the population of the city as 55,434 people in 18,878 households.[2]

## Etymology

[edit]

Toneka was a large and fortress-like city with a fence and a hard and strong surface in the west of Ruyan district. Shortly after the destruction of Toneka Castle, a lower city was built from the ruins of the old city, and it was called Toneka Bon (Persian: تنکابن, lit. 'Lowest point of the Toneka'). This name was extended to all the lands that formed the local rulers.

## History

[edit]

The territory of Tonekabon was originally part of Gilan. Numerous evidences discovered in various parts of the region, indicate that it was a flourishing city in the past. The ancient Tonekabon came under the realm of the Royan territory, also called Rostamdar. The Padusbanan held the power of this vicinity till the reign of Shah Abbas Safavid I. Thereafter until the year 1209 CE. which was the beginning of the reign of Aqa Mohammad Khan Qajar and the Qajar dynasty, the city was known as Feiz.

After the downfall of the Qajar dynasty, the city was renamed Shahsavar. After the 1979 Revolution the name was returned to its original historic one, Tonekabon. Most present-day people of the city still use the Shahsavar name.

## Geography

[edit]

Tonekabon is located on the coast of the southern Caspian Sea, 257 kilometres (160 mi) north of Tehran, between Ramsar and Chalus.

The town of Tonekabon is nearby along the Caspian Sea, and Tonekabon County has common borders with Qazvin Province to the south.

In its northern regions it has a moderate and humid climate and in the southern portions cold weather prevails. The Cheshmeh Kileh River flows through it.

### Climate

[edit]

Tonekabon has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen: Cfa, Trewartha: Cf), with warm, humid summers and cool, damp winters.

Climate data for Tonekabon

Month  | Jan  | Feb  | Mar  | Apr  | May  | Jun  | Jul  | Aug  | Sep  | Oct  | Nov  | Dec  | Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)  | 10.5
(50.9)  | 10.4
(50.7)  | 12.4
(54.3)  | 17.6
(63.7)  | 22.8
(73.0)  | 27.4
(81.3)  | 30.1
(86.2)  | 29.7
(85.5)  | 26.8
(80.2)  | 21.9
(71.4)  | 17.5
(63.5)  | 13.0
(55.4)  | 20.0
(68.0)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)  | 2.8
(37.0)  | 3.3
(37.9)  | 5.8
(42.4)  | 10.1
(50.2)  | 15.0
(59.0)  | 19.2
(66.6)  | 21.8
(71.2)  | 21.6
(70.9)  | 19.0
(66.2)  | 14.2
(57.6)  | 9.4
(48.9)  | 5.0
(41.0)  | 12.3
(54.1)
Average rainfall mm (inches)  | 83
(3.3)  | 69
(2.7)  | 78
(3.1)  | 43
(1.7)  | 40
(1.6)  | 41
(1.6)  | 31
(1.2)  | 65
(2.6)  | 124
(4.9)  | 225
(8.9)  | 146
(5.7)  | 115
(4.5)  | 1,060
(41.8)
Average snowfall cm (inches)  | 1.6
(0.6)  | 11.1
(4.4)  | 2.4
(0.9)  | 0.0
(0.0)  | 0.0
(0.0)  | 0.0
(0.0)  | 0.0
(0.0)  | 0.0
(0.0)  | 0.0
(0.0)  | 0.0
(0.0)  | 1.1
(0.4)  | 0.0
(0.0)  | 16.2
(6.3)
Average rainy days  | 11  | 11  | 15  | 12  | 11  | 7  | 5  | 8  | 9  | 12  | 11  | 11  | 123
Average relative humidity (%)  | 82  | 81  | 82  | 79  | 77  | 73  | 71  | 74  | 76  | 79  | 81  | 82  | 78
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 130.2  | 121.5  | 111.6  | 147  | 198.4  | 231  | 226.3  | 201.5  | 165  | 145.7  | 135  | 120.9  | 1,934.1
Mean daily sunshine hours | 4.2  | 4.3  | 3.6  | 4.9  | 6.4  | 7.7  | 7.3  | 6.5  | 5.5  | 4.7  | 4.5  | 3.9  | 5.3
Average ultraviolet index | 2  | 3  | 2  | 4  | 5  | 6  | 6  | 6  | 5  | 4  | 4  | 3  | 4
Source: weather2visit[11] World weather online(Snow-UV)[12]

## Economy

[edit]

A famous variety of orange, Shahsavari Orange, is grown in the city and bears its former name. The other products of Tonekabon are kiwi fruit, rice, and tea. Tonekabon has a semi tropical climate. The temperature is mild year round.

The "Ghalegardan high lands" and "Dohezar Valley" are famous resort areas in the Alborz (Elburz) mountain range, southwest of Tonekabon. There are also dense forests in Dohezar and the Sehezar Road areas of the Alborz.

## Tourist attractions

[edit]

Glacial lake in Alam Kuh

* Alam Kuh
* Sialan
* Cheshmeh Kileh Bridge
* Wildlife Museum
* Municipality Palace of Tonekabon
* Do Hezar Forest Park
* Se Hezar Forest Park
* Toneka Castle
* Markuh Castle
* Se Hezar Hot water
* Sang Bon Cheshmeh Waterfall
* Chaldarreh
* Daryasar Plain
* Dinar Sara
* Beles Kūh
* Kouhsar Waterfall
* Falakdeh Hot water
* Tonekabon Fish Market
* Garma Poshteh Village

## Notable people

[edit]

* Benyamin Bahadori (born 1944), singer
* Simin Ghanem (born 1982), singer
* Moslem Bahadori (born 1927), pathologist
* Shahab Hosseini (born 1974), actor
* Shamseddin Hosseini (born 1967), politician
* Foad Manshadi (born 1987), musician
* Jamshid Mashayekhi (born 1934), actor
* Javad Asghari Moghaddam (born 1979), futsal player
* Mohammad Mokhtari (born 1983), football player
* Ladan Mostofi (born 1972), actor
* Parisa (born 1950), singer
* Kambiz Dirbaz (born 1975), actor
* Kourosh Sotoodeh (born 1978), photographer
* Mohammad Vali Khan Tonekaboni (1846–1926), politician
* Mohammad Zohari (1926–1995), poet

## See also

[edit]

* Populated coastal places in Iran
* Populated places on the Caspian Sea

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tonekabon.

Iran portal

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ Also romanized as Tonekābon; formerly known as Shahsavar (شَهسَوار), also romanized as Shahsavār and Shahsawār[3]

## References

[edit]

1. ^ OpenStreetMap contributors (17 March 2024). "Tonekabon, Tonekabon County" (Map). OpenStreetMap (in Persian). Retrieved 17 March 2024.
2. ^ a b "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1395 (2016)". AMAR (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 02\. Archived from the original (Excel) on 7 October 2021. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
3. ^ Tonekabon can be found at GEOnet Names Server, at this link, by opening the Advanced Search box, entering "-3087648" in the "Unique Feature Id" form, and clicking on "Search Database".
4. ^ Habibi, Hassan (12 September 1990). "Approval of the organization and chain of citizenship of the elements and units of the divisions of Mazandaran province, centered in Sari city". Lamtakam (in Persian). Ministry of Interior, Defense Political Commission of the Government Council. Archived from the original on 14 January 2024. Retrieved 14 January 2024.
5. ^ «تنکابن». دانشنامه جهان اسلام. دریافت‌شده در ۲۰۱۷-۰۷-۰۷.
6. ^ parsi.wiki. Archived from the original on 16 اكتبر 2016. Check date values in: |archive-date= (help)
7. ^ «تنکابن». دانشنامه جهان اسلام. دریافت‌شده در ۲۰۱۷-۰۷-۰۷.
8. ^ parsi.wiki. Archived from the original on 16 اكتبر 2016. Check date values in: |archive-date= (help)
9. ^ "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006)". AMAR (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 02\. Archived from the original (Excel) on 20 September 2011. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
10. ^ "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1390 (2011)". Syracuse University (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 02\. Archived from the original (Excel) on 19 January 2023. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
11. ^ "Tonekābon monthly weather averages". weather 2 visit. Retrieved 29 January 2024.
12. ^ "Annual Weather Averages - Tonekabon, Mazandaran, IR". World weather Online. Retrieved 29 January 2024.

## External links

[edit]

* High quality photo gallery of Shahsavar (Tonekabon)
* Gallery of Shahsavar (Tonekabon)
* http://toniau.ac.ir/ Islamic Azad University of Tonekabon

Authority control databases: Geographic |

* MusicBrainz area

|

* v
* t
* e

Mazandaran Province, Iran

Capital|

* Sari

Counties and cities|

| Abbasabad County|

* Abbasabad
* Kelarabad
* Salman Shahr

|

Amol County|

* Amol
* Dabudasht
* Gazanak
* Rineh

Babol County|

* Babol
* Amirkola
* Galugah
* Gatab
* Khush Rudpey
* Marzikola
* Zargarmahalleh

Babolsar County|

* Babolsar
* Bahnemir
* Kalleh Bast

Behshahr County|

* Behshahr
* Khalil Shahr
* Rostamkola

Chalus County|

* Chalus
* Kelardasht
* Marzanabad

Fereydunkenar County|

* Fereydunkenar

Galugah County|

* Galugah

Juybar County|

* Juybar
* Kuhi Kheyl

Mahmudabad County|

* Mahmudabad
* Sorkhrud

Miandorud County|

* Surak

Neka County|

* Neka

North Savadkuh County|

* Shirgah

Nowshahr County|

* Nowshahr

Nur County|

* Nur
* Baladeh
* Chamestan
* Izadshahr
* Royan

Qaem Shahr County|

* Qaem Shahr

Ramsar County|

* Ramsar
* Ketalem and Sadat Shahr

Sari County|

* Sari
* Farim
* Kiasar

Savadkuh County|

* Zirab
* Alasht
* Pol-e Sefid

Simorgh County|

* Kiakola

Tonekabon County|

* Tonekabon
* Khorramabad
* Nashtarud

Sights|

* Mount Damavand
* Abbas Abad Historical Complex
* Lar National Park
* Badab-e Surt
* Mausoleum of Mir Bozorg
* Davazdah Cheshmeh
* Dasht-e Naz National Park
* Gohar Tepe
* Larijan Hot Spring
* Imamzadeh Abbas of Sari
* Resket Tower
* Shahandasht Waterfall
* Tomb of Haydar Amuli
* Miankaleh peninsula
* Farahabad Complex
* Watchtower of Babol
* Mollana Mosque
* Dohezar Forest
* Lajim Tower
* Kangelo Castle
* Sisangan Forest Park
* Challdareh National Park
* Veresk Bridge
* Mohammad Hassan Khan Bridge
* Chaikhoran Palace
* Namakabrood Aerial tramway
* Javaher Deh
* Nima Yooshij House
* Sefid Chah Cemetery
* Ab Pari Waterfall
* Kolbadi House
* Lake of Ghosts
* Mijran Lake
* Safi Abad Palace
* Gharmerez spa
* Avidar Lake
* Alendan lake
* Lar Dam
* Azad Kuh
* Alasht
* Kolakchal
* Deryuok
* Sari Clock Square
* Tamishan Palace
* Gerdkooh Hills
* Filband
* Alam-Kuh
* Jameh Mosque of Amol
* Jameh Mosque of Babol
* Jameh Mosque of Sari
* Palaeolithic Hotu and Kamarband Caves
* Markuh Castle
* Galehgardan
* Vaziri Bath of Sari
* Ramsar Palace
* Dalkhani Jungle
* Paein Lamouk Park
* Babol Museum
* Khoshedaran Museum of natural history
* Kandolus
* Sari's clock square
* Palace of Behshahr
* Churat Lake
* Gol-e Zard Cave
* Tirkan Waterfall
* Danial Cave
* Babolsar Boating Pier
* Elimalat Lake
* Gabri Tonekabon
* Espahbod Khorshid Cave
* Mirza Kuchak Khan Forest Park
* Alimastan Village
* Imamzadeh Kati Hill
* Moalagh Bridge
* Ramsar Hotel
* Nassereddin Shah relief
* Kashpel Forest Park
* Shur Mast Lake
* Baliran Jungle
* Kheshtpol Bridge
* Valasht lake of Kelardasht
* Tomb of Sultan Mohammad Taher
* Takor Tekyeh
* Sorkh Roud Wetland
* Dokhaharan lake
* Qaleh Gardan
* Malek Bahman Castle
* Chehel dar Castle
* Gazou Waterfall
* Cheshmeh Kileh Bridge
* Sangeno Waterfall
* DD Center Amir Abad
* Ecobiology Garden Nowshahr
* Saghanefar

populated places|

* List of cities, towns and villages in Mazandaran Province

* v
* t
* e

Tonekabon County

Capital|

* Tonekabon

Districts|

| Central|

| Cities|

* Tonekabon

|

Rural Districts
and villages|

| Goli Jan|

* Ahak Chal
* Ahmad Sara
* Akhund Mahalleh
* Aliabad-e Faqih Mahalleh
* Ammariyeh
* Aqa Moqim Mahalleh
* Azimiyeh
* Bala Shir Rud
* Balaband
* Bazar Mahalleh
* Beramsar
* Chala Sar
* Charokhchi Mahalleh
* Chenarbon
* Darvish Sara
* Dimarun
* Faqih Mahalleh
* Geraku
* Gol Mohammad Langeh
* Goli Jan
* Hajjateh
* Haleh Kaleh
* Hatam Sara
* Hemmatabad
* Isardeh
* Jal-e Akhund Mahalleh
* Jal-e Chala Sar
* Jalilabad
* Kabud Kalayeh
* Kand Sar
* Karat Chal
* Karkuh
* Kaseh Gar Mahalleh
* Kashku
* Kaveh Malek
* Khalkhal Mahalleh-ye Jadid
* Khalkhal Mahalleh-ye Qadim
* Khezr Konar
* Khoshkrud
* Khowban Razgah
* Kochanak
* Kotalleh Sara
* Lakterashan
* Lapa Sar
* Lashtu
* Lat Konar
* Lazarbon
* Leyeh
* Mahajarabad
* Maz va Langa Sar
* Mian Daj Mahalleh
* Mian Rud
* Mohammadabad
* Mojtame-ye Meskuni Farhangian
* Molla Azim Razgah
* Molla Hajji Mahalleh
* Moslemabad
* Nasirabad
* Nesam Gam
* Nur ol Din Mahalleh
* Pain Shirud
* Paltan
* Pish Sheshar
* Poschal
* Posht Jub
* Ramj Mahalleh
* Rashidiyeh
* Reza Mahalleh
* Rudbari Konar
* Salehabad
* Salimabad
* Seyf Mahalleh
* Shabakhusekul
* Shaghuz Kaleh
* Sharifabad
* Shib Kalayeh
* Siah Band
* Soleymanabad
* Tahrak Mahalleh
* Talu Sar Mahalleh
* Tamijanak
* Tang-e Dasht
* Taqiabad
* Tow Kalleh
* Tudarak
* Vachak
* Valg Sar
* Yusefabad
* Zaruj Mahalleh

|

Mir Shams ol Din|

* Ab Kuleh Sar-e Kuchak
* Aminabad
* Bagh-e Nazar
* Hajjiabad
* Mir Shams ol Din
* Shahrak-e Eslamabad
* Shiraj Mahalleh-ye Kuchak
* Valiabad

Khorramabad|

| Cities|

* Khorramabad

|

Rural Districts
and villages|

| Baladeh|

* Ab Kuleh Sar-e Bozorg
* Aghuz Kaleh
* Aghuz Koti
* Akbarabad
* Amirabad
* Asadabad
* Asgariabad
* Azizabad
* Barsibur
* Behkaleh
* Darbar
* Deraz Lat
* Emam Zamin
* Estakhr Sar
* Garma Poshteh
* Gavpol
* Gil Mahalleh
* Gol-e Aliabad
* Hameshbur
* Haratbar
* Kalachpa
* Kal-e Lat
* Karaf
* Karajub Konar
* Karat-e Kalleh
* Kardegar Mahalleh
* Kenarvar
* Khom Gardan
* Khoshkrud
* Lashgarak
* Latak
* Lireh Sar
* Mahdiabad
* Mansurabad
* Marzak
* Mazubon-e Sofla
* Mian Sara
* Miankuh Mahalleh
* Naimabad
* Nematabad
* Palham Dasht
* Parchin Poshteh
* Pardaram
* Pas Kalayeh-ye Bozorg
* Pordeh Sar
* Qaleh Gardan
* Qashoqtarash Mahalleh
* Sadeqabad
* Sangar Deh
* Savay
* Shiraj Mahalleh-ye Bozorg
* Shirejkhil
* Shirvan Mahalleh
* Siavarz
* Soleyman Mahalleh
* Talu Sarak
* Tazehabad
* Toshkun
* Tusa Kalleh
* Tusa Koti
* Valamrud
* Zamin Bon
* Zard Kand

|

Do Hezar|

* Asal Mahalleh
* Ashkur Mahalleh
* Bala Eshtuj
* Balas
* Barseh
* Chareh Sar
* Emamzadeh Qasem
* Golestan Mahalleh
* Halu Kaleh
* Kalishom
* Mian Kuh
* Miankuh Sadat
* Naras
* Nusha
* Pain Eshtuj
* Polt Darbon
* Shaneh Tarash Mahalleh

Seh Hezar|

* Arud
* Ash Mahalleh
* Darjan
* Das Darreh
* Halavan-e Pain
* Horrabad
* Jir-e Balan
* Katrulat
* Khanian
* Maran
* Ravar
* Salaj Anbar
* Saran
* Sarvash Poshteh
* Shahrestanak
* Var Zamin
* Yan Dasht-e Bala
* Yuj

Nashta|

| Cities|

* Nashtarud

|

Rural Districts
and villages|

| Katra|

* Alkaleh
* Babulat
* Diz Posht
* Habibabad
* Homrud Bon
* Kamiliyeh
* Katra
* Lat Siah Moshteh
* Mazandaran Mahalleh
* Mazubon-e Olya
* Polt Kalleh
* Rud-e Posht
* Sar Bud
* Shamsabad
* Talesh Mahalleh
* Tilpordehsar
* Zavar

|

Tameshkol|

* Abdollahabad
* Aliabad
* Band Bon
* Chakadeh
* Chalu
* Dinar Sara
* Faqihabad
* Kazemabad
* Khoshk Bur
* Kolengeh
* Kones Ku
* Kuh Sar
* Kuti Bazar
* Luleh Deh
* Mak Rud
* Moallem Kuh
* Palangabad-e Olya
* Pol Sara
* Qaleh Sar
* Rudgar Mahalleh
* Sarfaqihabad
* Sefid Ab
* Tameshkol
* Tubon

*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template