Tourism in Turkey

Pamukkale in Turkey is a World Heritage Site. Turkey has 622 national parks.

Tourism in Turkey is focused largely on a variety of historical sites, and on seaside resorts along its Aegean and Mediterranean Sea coasts. Turkey has also become a popular destination for culture, spa, and health care.[1] Since 2021, Turkey is the fourth most visited country in the world.[2]

Number of international tourist arrivals

At its height in 2019, Turkey attracted around 51 million foreign tourists,[3][4] The total number fluctuated between around 41 million in 2015, and around 30 million in 2016.[5][6] However, recovery began in 2017, with the number of foreign visitors increasing to 37.9 million, and in 2018 to 46.1 million visitors.[7][8][9]

## Destinations

[edit]

### Istanbul

[edit]

Dolmabahçe Palace is a popular tourism destination in Turkey. Ortaköy Mosque and the Bosphorus Bridge

Istanbul is one of the most important tourist spots not only in Turkey but also in the world. There are thousands of hotels and other tourist-oriented industries in the city. Turkey's largest city, Istanbul has a number of major attractions derived from its historical status as the capital of the Byzantine and Ottoman Empires. These include the Sultan Ahmed Mosque (the "Blue Mosque"), the Hagia Sophia, the Topkapı Palace, the Basilica Cistern, the Dolmabahçe Palace, the Galata Tower, the Grand Bazaar, the Spice Bazaar, and the Pera Palace Hotel. Istanbul has also recently become one of the biggest shopping centers of the European region by hosting malls and shopping centers, such as MetroCity, Akmerkez and Cevahir Mall, which is the biggest mall in Europe and seventh largest shopping center in the world. Other attractions include sporting events, museums, and cultural events.

In January 2013, the Turkish government announced that it would build the world's largest airport in Istanbul. The operation has an invested 7-billion euros and was planned to have the first part of a four-part plan completed by 2017.[10]

As a consequence of the continuous fall in tourism to Turkey in recent years, as of October 2016 in Istanbul's famous bazaar once crowded shopping streets are not as crowded as before, "the streams of tourists who used to visit the market each day have trickled to a halt".[5] The number of foreign tourists visiting Istanbul declined to 9.2 million in 2016, a 26 percent decrease compared to 2015.[11]

### Ankara

[edit]

Ankara is the country's capital and second most populated city.[12] It is rich with Turkish history and culture that have roots in the founding of Turkey along with the history of ancient civilizations. The most popular landmark is the Anıtkabir,[13] a mausoleum for Atatürk, the founder of the Republic of Turkey. Another landmark would be the Museum of Anatolian Civilizations, a museum that possesses works from Paleolithic, Neolithic, Hatti, Hittite, Phrygian, Urartian, and Roman civilizations.[14]

### Izmir

[edit]

Izmir is a city with historical and geopolitical importance in ancient civilizations such as Macedonia, Persia, Lydia, and the Ottomans.[15] The city has a memorable history in the early years of Turkey as it was the main city that was affected by the Greco-Turkish War (1919–1922).[16] Izmir is home to many ancient cities such as Ephesus, Pergamon, and Klazomenai.[17] Besides historical significance, Izmir also possesses many locations for coastal tourism for international travelers. Frequently visited regions that have tourist beaches for local and international tourists would be Çeşme, Mordoğan, and Foça.[18][19]

### Other destinations

[edit]

Ölüdeniz beach Butterfly Valley, Fethiye

Beach vacations and Blue Cruises, particularly for Turkish delights and visitors from Western Europe, are also central to the Turkish tourism industry. Most beach resorts are located along the southwestern and southern coast, called the Turkish Riviera, especially along the Mediterranean coast near Antalya. Antalya is also accepted as the tourism capital of Turkey.[20] Major resort towns include Bodrum, Fethiye, Marmaris, Kuşadası, Didim and Alanya. Also, Turkey has been chosen second in the world in 2015 with its 436 blue-flagged beaches, according to the Chamber of Shipping.[21]

Attractions elsewhere in the country include the sites of Ephesus, Troy, Pergamon, House of the Virgin Mary, Pamukkale, Hierapolis, Trabzon (where one of the oldest monasteries is the Sümela Monastery), Konya (where the poet Rumi had spent most of his life), Didyma, Church of Antioch, ancient Pontic capital and king rock tombs with its acropolis in Amasya, religious places in Mardin (such as Deyrülzafarân Monastery), and the ruined cities and landscapes of Cappadocia.

One of the most important and famous cities in the east and southeast of Turkey is called Diyarbakır. This city is considered one of the important options for traveling to the east of Turkey due to its numerous historical, religious and cultural places. For researchers who are interested in cultural studies, this city is a favorable option for study and research due to the accommodation of different ethnic groups (Kurds, Turks, Arabs, Assyrians, Armenians) and religious groups (Muslims, Christians). Due to the civil wars between the PKK group and the central government of Turkey in the 90's, the number of tourists in this region decreased. With the beginning of the 21st century and after the establishment of relative peace and security in these areas, tourism has been increasing again in these areas.[27]

Gallipoli and Anzac Cove – a small cove on the Gallipoli peninsula, which became known as the site of World War I landing of the ANZAC (Australian and New Zealand Army Corps) on 25 April 1915. Following the landing at Anzac Cove, the beach became the main base for the Australian and New Zealand troops for the eight months of the Gallipoli campaign.

Cappadocia is a region created by the erosion of soft volcanic stone by the wind and rain for centuries.[28] The area is a popular tourist destination, having many sites with unique geological, historic, and cultural features.

## UNESCO World Heritage Sites

[edit]

Main article: List of World Heritage Sites in Turkey

Safranbolu was added to the list of UNESCO World Heritage sites in 1994 due to its well-preserved Ottoman era houses and architecture.

As of 2023, Turkey hosts 21 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, 19 cultural and 2 mixed.[29]

Turkey's World Heritage Sites, as per their official UNESCO names, are as follows:

1. Aphrodisias
2. Archaeological Site of Ani
3. Archaeological Site of Troy
4. Arslantepe Mound
5. Bursa and Cumalıkızık: the Birth of the Ottoman Empire
6. City of Safranbolu
7. Diyarbakır Fortress and Hevsel Gardens Cultural Landscape
8. Ephesus
9. Gordion
10. Göbekli Tepe
11. Göreme National Park and the Rock Sites of Cappadocia
12. Great Mosque and Hospital of Divriği
13. Hattusha: the Hittite Capital
14. Hierapolis-Pamukkale
15. Historic Areas of Istanbul
16. Nemrut Dağ
17. Neolithic Site of Çatalhöyük
18. Pergamon and its Multi-Layered Cultural Landscape
19. Selimiye Mosque and its Social Complex
20. Wooden Hypostyle Mosques of Medieval Anatolia
21. Xanthos-Letoon

## Medical tourism

[edit]

Main article: Health care in Turkey

Acıbadem Hospital in Altunizade, Istanbul

An emerging branch of tourism in Turkey is medical tourism. Commonly performed medical procedures are hair transplant operations, rhinoplasty and cosmetic dentistry as it draws in thousands of foreigner tourists every year.[30][31] In 2021, the revenue generated from medical tourism was given as $1.05 billion with 642,000 people that visited for the purpose of getting medical service.[32] This is due to Turkey offering high-quality clinics for affordable pricing compared to the rest of Europe and its central location between Asia and Europe.[33] Other reasons for the high demand for healthcare in Turkey are foreigners having easy visa procedures and immediate scheduling for operations.[1]

## Development of tourism

[edit]

Most tourist arrivals in Turkey come from the following countries:[34][35][9][36][37]

Country  | 6/2024  | 2023  | 2022  | 2021  | 2020  | 2019  | 2018

|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Russia | 2,688,924  | 6,313,675  | 5,232,611  | 4,694,422  | 2,128,758 | 7,017,657 | 5,964,631
Germany | 2,467,162  | 6,193,259  | 5,679,194  | 3,085,215  | 1,118,932 | 5,027,472 | 4,512,360
United Kingdom | 1,773,427  | 3,800,922  | 3,370,739  | 392,746  | 820,709  | 2,562,064 | 2,254,871
Iran | 1,442,165  | 2,504,494  | 2,331,076  | 9,618  | 385,762  | 2,102,890 | 2,001,744
Bulgaria | 1,390,527  | 2,893,092  | 2,882,512  | 1,402,795  | 1,242,961  | 2,713,464 | 2,386,885
Georgia | 715,167  | 1,633,977  | 1,514,813  | 291,852  | 410,501 | 1,995,254 | 2,069,392
Poland | 686,721  | 1,539,123  | 1,135,903  | 585,076  | 145,908 | 880,839 | 646,365
United States | 577,835  | 1,334,337  | 1,013,478  | 371,759  | 148,937 | 578,074 | 448,327
Netherlands | 510,870  | 1,232,220  | 1,244,756  | 645,601  | 271,526 | 1,117,290 | 1,013,642
Romania | 455,646  | 990,005  | 886,555  | 496,178  | 269,076 | 763,320 | 641,484
France | 429,295  | 1,031,824  | 986,090  | 621,493  | 311,708 | 875,957 | 731,379
Azerbaijan | 418,029  | 855,445  | 683,834  | 470,618  | 236,797 | 901,723 | 858,506
Ukraine | 404,077  | 839,729  | 675,467  | 2,060,008  | 997,652 | 1,547,996 | 1,386,934
Iraq | 400,835  | 1,051,721  | 1,208,895  | 836,624  | 387,587 | 1,374,896 | 1,172,896
Kazakhstan | 373,831  | 826,319  | 712,136  | 366,076  | 137,213 | 455,724 | 426,916
Saudi Arabia | 351,285  | 820,683  | 497,914  | 10,083  | 67,490 | 564,816 | 747,233
Greece | 348,579  | 686,480  | 569,795  | 157,723  | 136,305 | 836,882 | 686,891
Italy | 257,500  | 602,176  | 420,661  | 116,806  | 72,619 | 377,011 | 284,195
Uzbekistan | 245,836  | 470,644  | 419,673  | 272,604  | 102,598 | 252,138 | 241,235
Belgium | 238,288  | 596,355  | 596,173  | 339,529  | 138,729 | 557,435 | 511,559
China | 187,429  | 248,119  | 89,515  | 33,641  | 40,264 | 426,344 | 394,109
Austria | 180,174  | 496,482  | 454,638  | 284,095  | 112,126 | 401,475 | 353,628
Sweden | 169,591  | 364,984  | 415,696  | 192,872  | 93,703 | 444,285 | 384,397
India | 164,373  | 274,159  | 231,579  | 52,651  | 44,707 | 230,131 | 147,127
Switzerland | 150,564  | 390,044  | 382,835  | 219,591  | 127,643 | 311,107 | 269,649
Spain | 146,943  | 324,690  | 298,165  | 104,848  | 54,381 | 257,342 | 178,018
Serbia | 135,156  | 311,738  | 357,787  | 238,852  | 129,284 | 282,347 | 225,312
Czech Republic | 134,067  | 384,158  | 295,454  | 89,734  | 15,642 | 311,359 | 228,251
Algeria | 134,051  | 292,505  | 210,478  | 48,827  | 50,121 | 295,512 | 288,207
Denmark | 131,110  | 319,835  | 356,127  | 111,499  | 44,694 | 335,877 | 326,278
Jordan | 129,667  | 384,680  | 494,629  | 326,633  | 93,750 | 474,874 | 406,469
Belarus | 128,785  | 309,216  | 239,966  | 220,932  | 106,426 | 258,419 | 245,254
Moldova | 128,465  | 288,377  | 274,257  | 192,441  | 109,137  | 198,867  | 194,268
Kuwait | 125,407  | 363,070  | 480,123  | 246,249  | 120,221 | 374,191 | 298,620
Lithuania | 124,260  | 277,810  | 251,619  | 114,227  | 14,194 | 229,704 | 199,371
Northern Cyprus | 120,454  | 215,137  | 182,945  | 68,353  | 59,808 | 268,341 | 266,859
Lebanon | 116,625  | 257,781  | 272,844  | 191,768  | 89,337 | 376,721 | 338,837
Canada | 115,597  | 248,868  | 197,416  | 72,034  | 34,210  | 139,164  | 108,272
Morocco | 104,243  | 262,124  | 251,708  | 121,333  | 67,775 | 234,264 | 176,538
Indonesia | 102,704  | 178,800  | 152,995  | 49,319  | 36,690  | 127,149  | 119,337
Libya | 99,924  | 194,351  | 220,179  | 197,983  | 107,251 | 259,243 | 188,312
South Korea | 99,016  | 159,039  | 99,869  | 15,206  | 36,636  | 212,970  | 159,354
North Macedonia | 98,111  | 251,066  | 266,184  | 182,045  | 115,483  | 222,862  | 209,519
Egypt | 96,683  | 187,053  | 227,850  | 124,483  | 68,936  | 177,655  | 148,943
Kyrgyzstan | 93,925  | 169,906  | 147,487  | 102,840  | 52,142  | 121,364  | 114,926
Norway | 92,520  | 203,325  | 191,789  | 54,633  | 25,100  | 208,330  | 161,789
Kosovo | 91,946  | 174,681  | 193,823  | 145,931  | 70,462  | 152,048  | 139,500
Hungary | 86,642  | 222,327  | 165,842  | 76,257  | 16,563  | 149,523  | 123,448
Ireland | 81,707  | 163,165  | 136,608  | 36,947  | 26,176  | 96,886  | 71,221
Bosnia | 81,350  | 177,893  | 200,698  | 131,347  | 61,651  | 144,445  | 120,480
Tunisia | 80,285  | 176,547  | 206,714  | 126,970  | 57,563  | 172,587  | 142,372
Australia | 77,059  | 192,770  | 118,847  | 15,674  | 15,109  | 120,837  | 96,488
Turkmenistan | 69,018  | 120,928  | 45,249  | 18,979  | 43,236 | 297,706 | 252,911
Albania | 63,978  | 142,482  | 145,032  | 89,748  | 49,667  | 134,869  | 125,935
Philippines | 59,854  | 120,347  | 97,954  | 55,397  | 48,440  | 139,126  | 95,068
Pakistan | 58,077  | 140,388  | 173,621  | 90,681  | 51,326  | 130,736  | 113,579
Japan | 55,646  | 78,782  | 30,610  | 7,153  | 19,122  | 103,320  | 81,931
Mexico | 55,101  | 155,155  | 114,267  | 34,705  | 12,775  | 66,557  | 36,737
Finland | 55,096  | 117,123  | 117,281  | 32,809  | 15,003  | 135,192  | 128,860
Brazil | 49,597  | 106,717  | 84,582  | 17,788  | 22,722  | 101,164  | 78,691
Malaysia | 47,426  | 95,444  | 89,766  | 9,618  | 17,892  | 114,214  | 95,591
United Arab Emirates | 40,419  | 120,819  | 146,438  | 52,587  | 3,772  | 37,500  | 43,292
Israel | 34,603  | 2,305,997  | 843,028  | 225,238  | 129,677 | 569,368 | 443,732
Bahrain | 31,074  | 64,771  | 98,147  | 62,730  | 17,852  | 90,299  | 77,075
Qatar | 22,940  | 70,090  | 92,439  | 83,831  | 31,956  | 108,496  | 96,327
Total  | 21,644,659  | 49,209,180  | 44,564,395  | 24,712,266 | 12,734,213 | 51,747,198 | 46,112,592
Visa policy of Turkey

Republic of Turkey

Unlimited stay

Visa not required (90 days and may enter with ID card)

Visa not required (90 days)

Visa not required (60 days)

Visa not required (30 days)

Visa not required (90 days - conditional)

eVisa (30 days)

eVisa (30 days - conditional)

Visa required

Foreign tourist arrivals increased substantially in Turkey between 2000 and 2005, from 8 million to 25 million, which made Turkey a top-10 destination in the world for foreign visitors. 2005 revenues were US$20.3 billion which also made Turkey one of the top-10 biggest revenue owners in the world. In 2011, Turkey ranked as the 6th most popular tourist destination in the world and 4th in Europe, according to UNWTO World Tourism barometer.[38] See World Tourism rankings. At its height in 2014, Turkey attracted around 42 million foreign tourists, still ranking as the 6th most popular tourist destination in the world.[4] From 2015, tourism to Turkey entered a steep decline.[39][40] In 2016, only around 30 million people visited Turkey. 2016 is described as the second year of huge losses on both visitor numbers and income, a "year of devastating losses", with Turkish tourism businesses stating that they "cannot remember a worse time in the sector".[5] The number of foreign visitors started recovering in 2017 with 37.9 million visitors being recorded. The recovery was partly due to intense security campaigns and advertising. The number of Russian tourists increased by 444% after the recovery of bilateral relations, resulting in Russia becoming the top tourism market for Turkey once again.[7][8] Increases were also recorded in the British, Dutch and Belgian markets.[41]

In early 2017, the Turkish government urged Turkish citizens living abroad to take their vacations in Turkey, attempting to revive the struggling tourism sector[42] of an economy that went into contraction from late 2016.[43] After the April 2017 constitutional referendum, another sharp drop in tourist bookings from Germany was recorded.[44] In 2018, however, the German Tourism Industry Association recorded a growth in German tourist bookings for Turkey, with a 70% increase being recorded by the TUI Group alone.[45]

## Gallery

[edit]

* Uzungöl lake and town in Black Sea region

* Statues of Mount Nemrut in Eastern Turkey

* Hagia Sophia in Istanbul attracts around 3 million tourists each year.

* Library of Celsus in Ephesus

* Sumela Monastery in Trabzon

* Mount Güllük-Termessos National Park in Antalya

* Marmaris in Turkey is a popular summer tourism destination.

* Beydağları Coastal National Park in Antalya, Turkey

### Government policy and regulation

[edit]

The AKP government has been promoting "halal tourism" for years,[46] politically reaffirming this stance over the course of 2016.[47] In March 2017, a Turkish court banned global travel fare aggregator website Booking.com from offering services to Turkish tourists for lack of a national licence,[48] while the Hoteliers Association of Turkey campaigns for a lifting the ban of the enterprise on which its members relied for up to 90 percent of their turnover.[49] In April 2017, the police department of the prime resort city of Antalya issued a directive banning the consumption of alcohol outside of buildings.[50]

## Sex tourism

[edit]

Main article: Prostitution in Turkey

Prostitution is legal and regulated in Turkey. The secularization of Turkish society allowed prostitution to achieve legal status during the early 20th century. Sex tourism has been part of Turkey's tourism industry and has been growing over the decades both for foreigners and locals. Many foreigners come to Turkey to work for local Turks in the prostitution business, while many Turks travel abroad as consumers of sex tourism, mostly to Eastern Europe for the purpose.[51] Anyone who encourages someone to commit prostitution, facilitates it, or mediates or provides a place for prostitution is punished with imprisonment from two months to four years and a judicial fine of up to three thousand days.[52][53]

## COVID-19 pandemic

[edit]

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of tourists arriving in Turkey declined to around 16 million in 2020.[54] This was the lowest number of tourists in the last decade.[54] The revenue from international travel was reduced to $13.7 billion which only made up 1.91% of the total economy in 2020.[55][56] In 2021, Turkey's tourism recovered from the pandemic as it contributed $59.3 billion to the GDP, which made up 7.3% of the total economy.[57][58]

## See also

[edit]

* Turkey portal

Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Turkey.

* List of archaeological sites by country § Turkey
* Ministry of Culture and Tourism (Turkey)
* Museums in Turkey
* Visa policy of Turkey
* List of national parks of Turkey

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b Esma, Gültüvin Gür Omay; Emrah, Cengiz (7 August 2020). "Health Tourism in Turkey: Opportunities and Threats". Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences. 4 (10).
2. ^ "UNWTO World Tourism Barometer and Statistical Annex, December 2020 | World Tourism Organization". UNWTO World Tourism Barometer (English Version). 18 (7): 1–36. 18 December 2020. doi:10.18111/wtobarometereng.2020.18.1.7. S2CID 241989515.
3. ^ "Rekord: 51,9 Millionen Urlauber besuchten die Türkei 2019 - Hürriyet.de - Wirtschaft". www.hurriyet.de. Archived from the original on 18 February 2020.
4. ^ a b "42 million tourists visit Turkey in 2014". Retrieved 6 July 2016.
5. ^ a b c "Turkey's tourism industry reels from a year to forget". The Guardian. 5 October 2016.
6. ^ "Turkish–German ties at historic low, says scholar Faruk Şen". Hürriyet Daily News. 21 November 2016. Archived from the original on 16 December 2019.
7. ^ a b "32.4 mln foreigners visit Turkey in 2017: Tourism Ministry". Hürriyet Daily News. 31 January 2018. Retrieved 12 February 2018.
8. ^ a b "Tourism in Turkey starts recovery". ITIJ. Retrieved 12 February 2018.
9. ^ a b "DISTRIBUTION OF ARRIVING FOREIGN VISITORS - TOP 5 COUNTRIES (2016-2018) JANUARY-DECEMBER".
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11. ^ "Number of foreign tourists visiting Istanbul plunges for first time in 16 years". Hürriyet Daily News. 6 January 2017.
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18. ^ "Blue Flag Turkey | TURCEV | Foundation for Environmental Education in Turkey". www.mavibayrak.org.tr. Retrieved 11 October 2022.
19. ^ A.Ş, ÜNİBEL. "News | A historical record in Izmir tourism". İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi. Retrieved 16 September 2023.
20. ^ Tilic, L. Dogan (5 April 2010). "Antalya: The Tourism Capital of Turkey". European Business Review. Retrieved 28 January 2011.
21. ^ "Turkey rich in "blue flags" – TRAVEL". Hürriyet Daily News. 13 September 2011. Retrieved 15 October 2016.
22. ^ Ahmady, Kameel 2009: Another Look at East and Southeast Turkey. GABB Publication, Diyarbakır. p 198.
23. ^ "Diyarbakir | History, Population, & Walls | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 16 September 2023.
24. ^ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Diyarbakır Fortress and Hevsel Gardens Cultural Landscape". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Retrieved 16 September 2023.
25. ^ "A city at the crossroads of history". DİYARBAKIR'S MEMORY. Retrieved 16 September 2023.
26. ^ "Diyarbakır aims to host 1 mln tourists this year - Türkiye News". Hürriyet Daily News. 4 October 2022. Retrieved 16 September 2023.
27. ^ [22][23][24][25][26]
28. ^ "Capadocia" (PDF).
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30. ^ "Turkey's Thriving Business in Hair, Beard, and Mustache Implants". Bloomberg.com. 10 May 2013. Retrieved 30 November 2023.
31. ^ Pirzada, Nefes (15 June 2022). "The Expansion of Turkey's Medical Tourism Industry". Voices in Bioethics. 8. doi:10.52214/vib.v8i.9894. ISSN 2691-4875. S2CID 249840691.
32. ^ "400,000 Europeans visit Turkey for health tourism - Latest News". Hürriyet Daily News. 26 May 2022. Retrieved 3 October 2022.
33. ^ KARAÇADIR, Vahap; SEZGİN, Aykut (20 September 2022). "KAMU İNTERNET VE MOBİL SAĞLIK UYGULAMALARI KULLANIM NİYETİ DEĞİŞKENLERİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ". Türkiye Mesleki ve Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi (9): 60–71. doi:10.46236/jovosst.1176463. ISSN 2687-3478. S2CID 252422361.
34. ^ Ministry of Culture and Tourism, Republic of Turkey. "Number of Arriving-Departing Foreigners and Citizens, December 2016". Retrieved 16 May 2017.
35. ^ NUMBER OF ARRIVING-DEPARTING VISITORS, FOREIGNERS AND CITIZENS December 2017
36. ^ "Tourism Receipts-Expenditures (2003-2019)".
37. ^ "2019". Ktb.gov.tr. Retrieved 24 March 2022.
38. ^ "2012 Tourism Highlights" (PDF). UNWTO. June 2012. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 July 2012. Retrieved 17 June 2012.
39. ^ Kafanov, Lucy (19 August 2015). "Violence costing Turkey precious tourism, even far from the fighting". The Christian Science Monitor.
40. ^ "4.9 pct less tourists in Turkey in June". DailySabah. 29 July 2015. Retrieved 15 November 2015.
41. ^ "It is now time for Turkey's tourism sector to raise revenue". Hürriyet Daily News. 9 February 2018. Retrieved 12 February 2018.
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43. ^ "Turkey's Economy Contracts for First Time Since 2009". The Wall Street Journal. 12 December 2016. Retrieved 2 February 2017.
44. ^ "German travelers booking in Spain, Greece instead of Turkey: Association". Hürriyet Daily News. 21 April 2017.
45. ^ "Turkey hopes for German comeback". FVW. Retrieved 12 February 2018.
46. ^ "Turkey sees rise in halal tourism". BBC. 25 August 2014.
47. ^ "How Turkey plans to boost halal tourism". Al Monitor. 9 May 2016. Archived from the original on 17 January 2018. Retrieved 28 April 2017.
48. ^ "Turkey has banned Booking.com but the website isn't backing down". The Independent. 30 March 2017.
49. ^ "Turkish hotelier association asks court to lift ban on Booking.com". Hürriyet Daily News. 6 April 2017.
50. ^ "Statement on alcohol ban in outdoor locations in Turkey's Antalya sparks debate". Hürriyet Daily News. 28 April 2017.
51. ^ "Tourism's dark side: Child sexual abuse in Turkey". 27 June 2016.
52. ^ "Mevzuat Bilgi Sistemi".
53. ^ "Fuhuşa Teşvik Ve Aracılık Etme Suçu".
54. ^ a b "Turkey Tourist arrivals - data, chart". TheGlobalEconomy.com. Retrieved 3 October 2022.
55. ^ "Turkey International tourism revenue - data, chart". TheGlobalEconomy.com. Retrieved 11 October 2022.
56. ^ "Turkey International tourism revenue, percent of GDP - data, chart". TheGlobalEconomy.com. Retrieved 11 October 2022.
57. ^ "Travel & Tourism Economic Impact | World Travel & Tourism Council (WTTC)". wttc.org. Retrieved 3 October 2022.
58. ^ THE EFFECTS OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE TOURISM INDUSTRY .

Requirements for Urgent Visa for Turkey

## Further reading

[edit]

* Caglayan, Ceyda (14 February 2022). "High hopes that tourism will steady Turkey's economy". Ceyda Caglayan. Financial Post.
* Ahmady, Kameel 2009: Another look at east and southeast Turkey. GABB Publication, Diyarbakır.

## External links

[edit]

Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Turkey.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tourism in Turkey.

* Official website
* Types of Accommodation

* v
* t
* e

World Heritage Sites in Turkey

Aegean|

* Aphrodisias
* Ephesus
* Hierapolis / Pamukkale
* Pergamon

Black Sea|

* Hattusa
* Safranbolu

Central Anatolia|

* Çatalhöyük
* Divriği Great Mosque and Hospital
* Gordion
* Göreme National Park and Cappadocia

East Anatolia|

* Ani
* Arslantepe Mound

Marmara|

* Bursa and Cumalıkızık
* Historic Areas of Istanbul
* Selimiye Mosque and its Social Complex
* Troy

Mediterranean|

* Xanthos / Letoon

Southeastern Anatolia|

* Diyarbakır Fortress and Hevsel Gardens
* Göbekli Tepe
* Mount Nemrut

Multiple regions|

* Wooden Hypostyle Mosques of Medieval Anatolia

* Turkey portal
* Category

* v
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* e

Tourism in Asia

Sovereign states|

* Afghanistan
* Armenia
* Azerbaijan
* Bahrain
* Bangladesh
* Bhutan
* Brunei
* Cambodia
* China
* Cyprus
* East Timor (Timor-Leste)
* Egypt
* Georgia
* India
* Indonesia
* Iran
* Iraq
* Israel
* Japan
* Jordan
* Kazakhstan
* North Korea
* South Korea
* Kuwait
* Kyrgyzstan
* Laos
* Lebanon
* Malaysia
* Maldives
* Mongolia
* Myanmar
* Nepal
* Oman
* Pakistan
* Philippines
* Qatar
* Russia
* Saudi Arabia
* Singapore
* Sri Lanka
* Syria
* Tajikistan
* Thailand
* Turkey
* Turkmenistan
* United Arab Emirates
* Uzbekistan
* Vietnam
* Yemen

States with
limited recognition|

* Abkhazia
* Northern Cyprus
* Palestine
* South Ossetia
* Taiwan

Dependencies and
other territories|

* British Indian Ocean Territory
* Christmas Island
* Cocos (Keeling) Islands
* Hong Kong
* Macau

* Category
* Asia portal

* v
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* e

Tourism in Europe

Sovereign states|

* Albania
* Andorra
* Armenia
* Austria
* Azerbaijan
* Belarus
* Belgium
* Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Bulgaria
* Croatia
* Cyprus
* Czech Republic
* Denmark
* Estonia
* Finland
* France
* Georgia
* Germany
* Greece
* Hungary
* Iceland
* Ireland
*   * Italy
* Kazakhstan
* Latvia
* Liechtenstein
* Lithuania
* Luxembourg
* Malta
* Moldova
* Monaco
* Montenegro
* Netherlands
* North Macedonia
* Norway
* Poland
* Portugal
* Romania
* Russia
* San Marino
* Serbia
* Slovakia
* Slovenia
* Spain
* Sweden
* Switzerland
* Turkey
* Ukraine
* United Kingdom
* Vatican City

States with limited
recognition|

* Abkhazia
* Kosovo
* Northern Cyprus
* South Ossetia
* Transnistria

Dependencies and
other entities|

* Åland
* Faroe Islands
* Gibraltar
* Guernsey
* Isle of Man
* Jersey
* Svalbard

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