Treaty of Perth

1266 treaty between Norway and Scotland

Treaty of PerthType| Peace treaty

|

Signed| 2 July 1266[1]
Location| Perth, Scotland
Parties|

* Kingdom of Norway
* Kingdom of Scotland

Language| Latin
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The Treaty of Perth, signed 2 July 1266, ended military conflict between Magnus the Lawmender of Norway and Alexander III of Scotland over possession of the Hebrides and the Isle of Man.

The Hebrides and the Isle of Man had become Norwegian territory during centuries when both Scotland and Norway were still forming themselves as coherent nation-states, and Norwegian control had been formalised in 1098, when Edgar of Scotland signed the islands over to Magnus III of Norway. In Norwegian terms, the islands were the Sudreys, meaning Southern Isles.

The treaty was agreed three years after the Battle of Largs in 1263. Michael Lynch has compared the treaty's importance with that of the Treaty of York of 1237.[2] The Treaty of York defined a border between Scotland and England that is almost identical to the modern border.

Largs is often claimed as a great Scottish victory, but the Norwegians claimed their forces, led by King Håkon IV, were not fully committed to battle and the result was inconclusive. Håkon had planned to renew military action the following summer, but he died in Orkney during the winter. His successor, King Magnus the Lawmender, sued for peace and the Treaty was agreed after negotiations in Perth during 1265 and 1266.[3]

In the treaty, Scotland confirmed Norwegian sovereignty over Shetland and Orkney and Norway recognised Scottish sovereignty over the disputed territories in return for a lump sum of 4,000 marks and an annuity of 100 marks. The annuity was paid during subsequent decades, until its cancellation as part of the agreement for the marriage of James III of Scotland and Margaret of Denmark, Queen of Scotland in 1469.[3]

## See also

[edit]

* List of treaties

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Lustig, Richard I. (1979). "The Treaty of Perth: A Re-Examination". The Scottish Historical Review. 58 (165): 35–57\. ISSN 0036-9241.
2. ^ Michael Lynch (1992). Scotland: A New History. Pimlico. p. 90. ISBN 0-7126-9893-0.
3. ^ a b "Treaty of Perth 1266", Gazetteer for Scotland, retrieved 2 February 2024

## External links

[edit]

* Text and translation of the treaty in Chronica Regum Manniae et Insularum

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Scandinavian Scotland

Rulers|

* List of kings
* Earls of Orkney
* Crovan dynasty
* Lords of Argyll
* Mormaers of Caithness
* Uí Ímair

Notable women|

* Aud the Deep-Minded
* Bethóc, Prioress of Iona
* Bjaðǫk
* Cacht ingen Ragnaill
* Gormflaith ingen Murchada
* Gunnhild Gormsdóttir
* Helga Moddansdóttir
* Ingeborg of Norway
* Ingibjörg the Earls'-Mother
* Isabel Bruce
* Máel Muire ingen Amlaíb
* Margaret, Maid of Norway
* Margaret, Queen of Norway
* Margaret of Denmark, Queen of Scotland
* Ragnhild Eriksdotter
* Ragnhildis Olafsdottir

Other notable men|

* Caittil Find
* Ingimundr
* Ljótólfr
* Olaf the White
* Olvir Rosta
* Páll Bálkason
* Ragnall ua Ímair
* Sweyn Asleifsson
* Thorbjorn Thorsteinsson
* Thorstein the Red

History|

* Kingdom of the Isles
* Dál Riata
* Gall-Ghàidheil
* Lochlann
* Orkney
* Outer Hebrides
* Shetland
* Davidian Revolution
* Scottish–Norwegian War (1262-66)
* Scotland
* Norway

Archaeology|

* Bornish
* Birsay
* Bishop's Palace
* Brough of Birsay
* Camas Uig
* Cubbie Roo's Castle
* Earl's Bu
* Jarlshof
* Kirkwall Castle
* Linton Chapel
* Maeshowe
* Old Scatness
* Port an Eilean Mhòir boat burial
* Rubha an Dùnain
* Scar boat burial
* St Magnus Church

Artifacts and culture|

* Birlinn
* Chronicles of Mann
* Darraðarljóð
* Galloway Hoard
* Hogbacks
* Lewis chessmen
* Manx runestones
* Orkneyinga saga
* Ounceland
* Sen dollotar Ulaid
* St Magnus Cathedral
* Udal law

Althings|

* Delting
* Dingwall
* Law Ting Holm
* Lunnasting
* Nesting
* Sandsting
* Tingwall
* Tynwald

Language|

* Middle Irish
* Norn
* Old Norse
* Pictish
* Old Norwegian

Etymology|

* Scottish island names
* Northern Isles
* Hebrides

Battles and treaties|

* Bauds
* Brunanburh
* Clontarf
* Dollar
* Barry
* Epiphany
* Isle of Man
* Largs
* Renfrew
* Skyhill
* Tara
* Vestrajǫrðr
* Treaty of 1098
* Treaty of Perth

Associated clans and septs|

* Gunn
* Uí Ímair
* Somhairle
* Macaulay of Lewis
* Mac Coitir
* MacDougall
* MacLeod
* Macruari
* MacDonald

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