Trimeresurus purpureomaculatus

Species of snake

Trimeresurus purpureomaculatus

Conservation status

Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1)[1]

Scientific classification
Domain:  | Eukaryota
Kingdom:  | Animalia
Phylum:  | Chordata
Class:  | Reptilia
Order:  | Squamata
Suborder:  | Serpentes
Family:  | Viperidae
Genus:  | Trimeresurus
Species:  |

T. purpureomaculatus

Binomial name
Trimeresurus purpureomaculatus

(Gray, 1832)

Synonyms

* Trigonocephalus
purpureo-maculatus Gray, 1832
* Trimesurus purpureus Gray, 1842
* Trimesurus carinatus Gray, 1842
* C[ryptelytrops]. carinatus
– Cope, 1860
* [Trimesurus] porphyraceus
Blyth, 1861
* Trimeresurus purpureus
– Günther, 1864
* T[rimeresurus]. carinatus
– Theobald, 1868
* Crotalus Trimeres[urus]. carinatus – Higgins, 1873
* Trimeresurus purpureomaculatus
– Boulenger, 1890
* Lachesis purpureomaculatus
– Boulenger, 1896
* Trimeresurus purpureomaculatus
– M.A. Smith, 1943
* Trimeresurus purpureomaculatus purpureomaculatus
– M.A. Smith, 1943[2]
* Cryptelytrops purpureomaculatus
– Malhotra & Thorpe, 2004
* Trimeresurus (Trimeresurus) purpureomaculatus – David et al.[3]

Trimeresurus purpureomaculatus is a venomous pit viper species native to India, Bangladesh and Southeast Asia. Common names include: mangrove pit viper,[4] mangrove viper,[5] and shore pit viper.[6]

## Description

[edit]

Males grow to a total length of 66.5 centimetres (26.2 in), females 90 centimetres (35 in). The maximum tail lengths are then 12.5 centimetres (4.9 in) and 14 centimetres (5.5 in) respectively.[7]

Small individual from Singapore

Scales in 25-27 longitudinal rows at midbody; 11-13 upper labials, the first partially or completely united with the nasal; supraocular very narrow, sometimes broken into small scales, 12-15 scales between them; head scales small, subequal, tuberculate or granular; temporal scales keeled.[7]

Body color highly variable: above olive, grayish, to dark purplish brown; below whitish, greenish or brown, uniform or spotted with brown; a light line on scale row one bordering ventrals present or absent; head olive, heavily suffused with brown.[7]

Ventrals: males 160-179, females 168-183; subcaudals: males 74-76, females 56-63, paired; hemipenes without spines.[7]

## Common names

[edit]

Mangrove pit viper,[4] mangrove viper,[5] shore pit viper, purple-spotted pit viper,[6] shore pitviper.[8]

## Geographic range

[edit]

Found in Bangladesh, Burma, Thailand, West Malaysia, Singapore and Indonesia (Sumatra and Java). The type locality is listed as "Singapore".[2]

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Vogel, G.; Grismer, L. & Chan-Ard, T. (2012). "Cryptelytrops purpureomaculatus". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2012. IUCN: e.T192188A2052944. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2012-1.RLTS.T192188A2052944.en. Retrieved 10 January 2018.
2. ^ a b McDiarmid RW, Campbell JA, Touré T. 1999. Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, Volume 1. Herpetologists' League. 511 pp. ISBN 1-893777-00-6 (series). ISBN 1-893777-01-4 (volume).
3. ^ The Reptile Database. www.reptile-database.org.
4. ^ a b Mehrtens JM. 1987. Living Snakes of the World in Color. New York: Sterling Publishers. 480 pp. ISBN 0-8069-6460-X.
5. ^ a b U.S. Navy. 1991. Poisonous Snakes of the World. US Govt. New York: Dover Publications Inc. 203 pp. ISBN 0-486-26629-X.
6. ^ a b Brown JH. 1973. Toxicology and Pharmacology of Venoms from Poisonous Snakes. Springfield, Illinois: Charles C. Thomas. 184 pp. LCCCN 73-229. ISBN 0-398-02808-7.
7. ^ a b c d Leviton AE, Wogan GOU, Koo MS, Zug GR, Lucas RS, Vindum JV. 2003. The Dangerously Venomous Snakes of Myanmar, Illustrated Checklist with Keys. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. 54 (24): 407-462.
8. ^ Gumprecht A, Tillack F, Orlov NL, Captain A, Ryabov S. 2004. Asian Pitvipers. Geitje Books. Berlin. 1st Edition. 368 pp. ISBN 3-937975-00-4.

## Further reading

[edit]

* Gray, J.E. 1831\. Illustrations of Indian Zoology: chiefly selected from the collection of Major General Hardwicke. Vol. 1, London (1830-1835).
* Gumprecht, A. 2001. Die Bambusottern der Gattung Trimeresurus Lacépède Teil IV: Checkliste der Trimeresurus-Arten Thailands. Sauria 23 (2): 25-32.
* Pope, C.H., & Pope, S.H. 1933. A study of the green pit-vipers of southeastern Asia and Malaysia, commonly identified as Trimeresurus gramineus (Shaw), with description of a new species from Peninsular India. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. (620): 1-12.
* Smith, M.A. 1943\. The Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, Including the Whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-region. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. III.—Serpentes. Secretary of State for India. (Taylor and Francis, Printers.) London. xii + 583 pp. (Trimeresurus purpureomaculatus purpureomaculatus, pp. 520–521.)
* Whitaker, R. 1978\. Birth Record of the Andaman Pit Viper (Trimeresurus purpureomaculatus) J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 75 (1): 233.

## External links

[edit]

* Trimeresurus purpureomaculatus at the Reptarium.cz Reptile Database. Accessed 15 December 2012.

* v
* t
* e

Snakes in the genus Trimeresurus

* Trimeresurus albolabris
* Trimeresurus borneensis
* Trimeresurus brongersmai
* Trimeresurus cantori
* Trimeresurus erythrurus
* Trimeresurus fasciatus
* Trimeresurus flavomaculatus
* Trimeresurus gracilis
* Trimeresurus gramineus
* Trimeresurus hageni
* Trimeresurus kanburiensis
* Trimeresurus karanshahi
* Trimeresurus labialis
* Trimeresurus purpureomaculatus
* Trimeresurus salazar
* Trimeresurus stejnegeri
* Trimeresurus sumatranus
* Trimeresurus tibetanus
* Trimeresurus trigonocephalus

Taxon identifiers

Trimeresurus purpureomaculatus|

* Wikidata: Q2705811
* Wikispecies: Trimeresurus purpureomaculatus
* ADW: Trimeresurus_purpureomaculatus
* CoL: 7CTPM
* EoL: 790408
* GBIF: 2444763
* iNaturalist: 98700
* ITIS: 634929
* IUCN: 192188
* NCBI: 101163
* RD: purpureomaculatus

Trigonocephalus purpureomaculatus|

* Wikidata: Q109507090
* ITIS: 1058680

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