Twisted doughnut

Deep-fried pastry

Twisted doughnut

Filipino shakoy

Type| Doughnut
Course| Snack

*   Media: Twisted doughnut

Twisted doughnuts are yeast donuts or sticks of pastry made from wheat flour or glutinous rice flour, deep-fried in oil.[1] In China, they are known as mahua (麻花);[2] in Korea, they are known as kkwabaegi (꽈배기),[3] in the Philippines, they are known as shakoy or pilipit, and in Japan, they are known as sakubei (索餅).[4]

## Around the world

[edit]

### China

[edit]

Main article: Mahua (snack)

Chinese twisted donut

Mahua
Traditional Chinese| 麻花
Simplified Chinese| 麻花
| Transcriptions

Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin| máhuā
IPA| [mǎ.xwá]
Yue: Cantonese
Jyutping| maa4 faa1
IPA| [ma˩.fa˥]

In Mainland China and Taiwan, twisted doughnuts known as mahua (麻花) are traditional fried desserts with regional variations. The main ingredients consist of flour, sugar and cooking oil, though salt, honey, nuts and other spices can be added as well. Once twisted into a braided shape, the dough is then fried in peanut oil. The two predominant variants are crispy-outside-fluffy-inside or completely crunchy. The original form was invented in the city of Tianjin and dates back millennia.[5][6][7]

### Italy

[edit]

In Italy it is known as treccia, sometimes filled with pastry cream and covered with sugar, chocolate and other products.

### Japan

[edit]

Sakubei (索餅/さくべい), derived from the Tang dynasty of China to the Nara period in Japan was transmitted to the Tang confectionery one of noodles that of food, which is also said to have become the father of udon and somen, than rope-like shape also called muginawa (牟義縄). It is said that it disappeared in the middle of the Edo period, but it still exists in various places such as Nara, changing into shinko sweets (shinko, shinko dumplings, shinko mochi) (* However, it is now called shinko mochi). Most of them are made using Joshinko instead of wheat flour).

### Korea

[edit]

Korean twisted donut

Hangul|

꽈배기

RR| kkwabaegi
MR| kkwabaegi
IPA| [k͈wa.bɛ.ɡi]

Twisted doughnuts are known as kkwabaegi (꽈배기) in Korean. The mildly sweet, fluffy, spongy, twisted doughnuts are made with yeasted wheat or glutinous rice flour dough and melted butter. They are deep-fried in oil and coated with sugar and cinnamon powder.[1][3][8] It is often an after-school snack.[8]

### Philippines

[edit]

Main articles: Shakoy and Pilipit

Shakoy or siyakoy from the Visayas Islands (also known as lubid-lubid in the northern Philippines) uses a length of dough twisted into a distinctive rope-like shape before being fried. The preparation is almost exactly the same as doughnuts, though there are variants made from glutinous rice flour. The texture can range from soft and fluffy to sticky and chewy. Hard and crunchy versions are known as pilipit. They are sprinkled with white sugar, but can also be topped with sesame seeds or caramelized sugar.[9][10][11]

### Vietnam

[edit]

In Vietnam, it has a variety of name such as bánh quẩy thừng,[12] bánh vặn thừng ('twisted-rope doughnut'), bánh vặn ('twisted doughnut'), bánh quai chèo ('oar rope doughnut'), bánh quẩy đường ('sweet twisted doughnut').

## See also

[edit]

* Chapssal doughnut
* List of doughnut varieties
* List of fried dough foods
* Cruller

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b "Kkwabaegi" 꽈배기. Korean–English Learners' Dictionary. National Institute of Korean Language. Retrieved 19 August 2017.
2. ^ "Ma Hua - China". Wesley Tanaka. Archived from the original on 2016-04-03. Retrieved 2020-11-25.
3. ^ a b Kaiserman, Beth (24 September 2016). "A Brief History of the Doughnut". Highbrow. Retrieved 19 August 2017.
4. ^ "Flavor fanatics open Coffee Break Cafe". Corvallis Gazette Times. 2016-02-08. Retrieved 2017-08-20.
5. ^ "Mahua: the Tianjin Treat". The World of Chinese. 2016-02-16. Archived from the original on 2021-06-28. Retrieved 2020-11-25.
6. ^ "Tasting Tianjin with its signature foods[1]- Chinadaily.com.cn". www.chinadaily.com.cn. Retrieved 2020-11-25.
7. ^ "18th Street Fried Dough Twists". CRIENGLISH.com. 2009-09-28. Archived from the original on 2016-03-06. Retrieved 2020-11-24.
8. ^ a b Shah, Khushbu (30 December 2015). "Pastries Born in France, Raised in South Korea". Eater. Retrieved 19 August 2017.
9. ^ "How to cook Shakoy". Pinoy Recipes. Retrieved 3 January 2015.
10. ^ "Shakoy or Lubid-Lubid Recipe". Ping Desserts. 29 September 2012. Retrieved 3 January 2015.
11. ^ "Pilipit". Kawaling Pinoy Tasty Recipes. 29 November 2013. Retrieved 26 March 2019.
12. ^ "Làm quẩy thừng thơm giòn đúng chất Hà Nội để dành nhâm nhi ngày lạnh". aFamily (in Vietnamese). 2016-11-16. Retrieved 2019-08-11.

## Further reading

[edit]

* Moore, F. (1866). Anecdotes, Poetry, and Incidents of the War: North and South. 1860-1865. Frank Moore. p. 73. Retrieved August 20, 2017.

* v
* t
* e

Doughnuts, fritters and other fried-dough foods

Sweet|

| Africa and Asia|

* Adhirasam
* Awameh
* Bambalouni
* Bamiyeh
* Binangkal
* Boortsog
* Buñuelo
* Çäkçäk
* Cascaron
* Chebakia
* Chiroti
* Chin chin
* Churro
* Gorgoria
* Gosh-e Fil
* Gulab jamun
* Gwaramari
* Imarti
* Jalebi
* Koe'sister/Koeksister
* Kevum
* Kumukunsi
* Lokma
* Lokot-lokot
* Maejap-gwa
* Mahua
* Maruya
* Mochi donuts
* Panyalam
* Pilipit
* Pinakufu
* Puff-puff
* Qottab
* Sata andagi
* Sel roti
* Sfenj
* Sfinz
* Shakoy
* Shankarpali
* Shuangbaotai
* Sufganiyah
* Sweet shells
* Tulumba
* Vetkoek
* Zalabiyeh

|

Americas|

* Bear claw
* Bolinho de chuva
* Boston cream
* Brown Bobby
* Buñuelo
* Churro
* Cider doughnut
* Coconut doughnut
* Cronut
* Cruller
* Dutchie
* Fried Coke
* Funnel cake
* Jelly doughnut
* Long John
* Maple bacon donut
* Maple bar
* Old-fashioned doughnut
* Persian
* Picarones
* Potato doughnut
* Sopaipilla
* Sour cream doughnut
* Tiger tail donut
* Timbits
* Touton
* Wonut

Europe|

* Angel wings
* Beignet
* Berliner
* Bombolone
* Buñuelo
* Churro
* Diples
* Fánk
* Fartura
* Fasnacht
* Fazuelos
* Filhós
* Fritule
* Fudge doughnut
* Klenät
* Knieküchle
* Krofne
* Malassada
* Mekitsa
* Oliebol
* Pączki
* Papanași
* Pastisset
* Pestiños
* Prusurate
* Rosette
* Schenkele
* Smultring
* Uštipci
* Zeppole

Doughnut

Savory|

| Africa and Asia|

* Balep korkun
* Bhaji
* Bhatoora
* Burmese fritters
* Ham chim peng
* Javanese doughnut
* Khuushuur
* Luchi
* Mee Siput Muar
* Mücver
* Murukku
* Okoy
* Ox-tongue pastry
* Pakora
* Papri chaat
* Pişi
* Puri
* Qutab
* Samosa
* Sha phaley
* Shelpek
* Vada
* Vetkoek
* Youtiao

|

Europe and
the Americas|

* Chebureki
* Fleischkuekle
* Fritelli
* Frybread
* Funnel cake
* Haliva
* Lángos
* Lihapiirakka
* Lörtsy
* Pampushka
* Panzerotti
* Pastel
* Pasztecik szczeciński
* Peremech
* Pirozhki

Companies|

* BeaverTails
* Dunkin' Donuts
* Krispy Kreme
* Mister Donut
* Shipley Do-Nuts
* Tim Hortons

Lists|

* List of doughnut varieties
* List of fried dough foods
* List of deep fried foods
* List of doughnut shops

See also|

* National Doughnut Day
* Coffee and doughnuts
* Superior Donuts
* play
* TV series

*  Category: Doughnuts

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