Umananda Temple

Shiva temple in Assam, India

Umananda Temple

Umananda Temple

Religion
Affiliation| Hinduism
Deity| Shiva
Festival| Mahashivaratri
Location
Location| Guwahati
State| Assam

Shown within Guwahati

Geographic coordinates| 26°11′47″N 91°44′43″E﻿ / ﻿26.19639°N 91.74528°E﻿ / 26.19639; 91.74528
Architecture
Creator| Constructed by Garhgayan Sandikai Borphukan on the orders of Gadadhar Singha
Completed| 1694; 331 years ago (1694)
Entrance of Umananda Temple Part of a series on

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* v
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Umananda Devaloi (Pron: ˈʊməˌnændə ˈdeɪvəˌlɔɪ) is a Shiva temple located on the Umananda Island (Peacock Island) in the middle of the river Brahmaputra, Assam.

Brahmaputra just opposite the office of the Deputy Commissioner of Kamrup or the Kachari Ghat in Guwahati.

It is known as the smallest inhabited riverine island in the world.[citation needed] Country boats that are available on the bank of Brahmaputra take the visitors to the island. The mountain on which the temple has been built is known as Bhasmacala. It was built in 1694CE in the order of Ahom King Gadadhar Singha but was broken down by the 1897 Assam earthquake.[1]

## Legend

[edit]

Siva is said to have resided here in the form of Bhayananda. According to the Kalika Purana, in the beginning of the creation Siva sprinkled ashes (bhasma) at this place and imparted knowledge to Parvati (his consort). It is said that, when Siva was in meditation on this hillock, Kamadeva interrupted his yoga and was therefore burnt to ashes by the fire of Siva’s anger and hence the hillock got the name Bhasmacala.

This mountain is also called Bhasmakuta. The Kalika Purana states that Urvasikunda is situated here and here resides the goddess Urvasi who brings Amrit (nectar) for the enjoyment of Kamakhya and hence the island got the name Urvasi Island.

## Presiding Deity

[edit]

The presiding deity of the temple is Umananda (Tatrasti bhagavan sambhu- ruma- nandakarah Prabhu). The name 'Umananda' comes from the two Hindi words, namely 'Uma', which was another name for Lord Shiva’s wife and 'Ananda' which means happiness. In fact, Peacock Island is one of the smallest inhabited island.

## History

[edit]

Evidence of a stone temple belonging to the post-Gupta period can be seen on the site. The site has stone sculptures and carvings belonging to the early medieval period. Achaturbhuja stone female figure still exists here besides rock-cut figures of Ganesha and a cave.

Brick temple of Umananda was built in 1694 CE by the Bar Phukan Garhganya Handique by the order of King Gadadhar Singha (1681–1696), one of the eldest and strongest rulers of the Ahom dynasty. The temple was desecrated by the Mughal Army. Aurangzeb later conferred jagir to the temple when Gauhati came under his control.[2]

The original temple was however immensely damaged by a devastating earthquake of 1897. Later, it was reconstructed by a rich local merchant who chose to inscribe the interior part of a Siva temple with Vaishnavite slogans. [3]

## Structure

[edit]

The temple has inherited some rock-cut figures. The sculptures here show that the worshippers there followed all the principal Hindu gods. Representations of Surya, Ganesha, Shiva and Devi (with a scorpion as emblem) in addition to those of Visnu and his ten incarnations (avatar) are found here. The main shrine is reached by a flight of steep steps. The Umananda temple was crafted by the Assamese workmen. Aside from Lord Shiva, there are 10 other Hindu Gods whose idols reside in the shrines.

## Gallery

[edit]

*   *

## See also

[edit]

* Hindu pilgrimage sites
* National Geological Monuments of India
* List of Hindu temples
* Tourism in India
* Yatra

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "The Great Assam Earthquake of 1897 | Assam Portal".
2. ^ "Aurangzeb: Religious Policies". MANAS. Retrieved 14 July 2024.
3. ^ "Temple management system and administration in the land of Kamakhya" (PDF). Retrieved 6 July 2024.

* v
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* e

Hindu Temples in Assam

* Basistha Temple
* Bhairabi Temple
* Dirgheshwari temple
* Da Parbatia
* Hatimura Temple
* Hayagriva Madhava Temple
* Jagannath Temple, Dibrugarh
* Kamakhya Temple
* Ketakeshwar Dewal
* Lankeshwar Temple
* Mahabhairav Temple
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* Umananda Temple

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Worship in Hinduism

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|

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Instruments|

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Iconography|

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Sacred animals|

* Cow
* Horse
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Sacred plants|

| Trees|

* Akshayavata
* Ashoka
* Banyan
* Kadamba
* Kalpavriksha
* Parijata
* Peepal
* Sacred groves

|

Fruits and other plants|

* Bael
* Kusha grass
* Lotus
* Tulasi (Tulasi Vrindavana)

See also|

* Firewalking
* Samskara
* Temple dance

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|

Vedas|

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|

Goddesses|

* Tridevi
* Saraswati
* Lakshmi
* Parvati
* Bhumi
* Durga
* Kali
* Mahavidya
* Matrika
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* Rukmini
* Sati
* Shakti
* Shashthi
* Sita
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Practices|

| Worship|

* Temple
* Murti
* Puja
* Bhakti
* Japa
* Bhajan
* Naivedhya
* Yajna
* Homa
* Tapas
* Dhyāna
* Tirthatana

|

Sanskaras|

* Garbhadhana
* Pumsavana
* Simantonayana
* Jatakarma
* Namakarana
* Nishkramana
* Annaprashana
* Chudakarana
* Karnavedha
* Vidyarambha
* Upanayana
* Keshanta
* Ritushuddhi
* Samavartanam
* Vivaha
* Antyeshti

Varnashrama|

* Varna
* Brahmin
* Kshatriya
* Vaishya
* Shudra
* Ashrama
* Brahmacharya
* Grihastha
* Vanaprastha
* Sannyasa

Festivals|

* Diwali
* Holi
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Outline

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State of Assam

Capital: Dispur

State symbols|

* Song: O Mur Apunar Desh
* Animal: Indian rhinoceros
* Bird: White-winged duck
* Flower: Foxtail Orchids (Kopouful)
* Tree: Dipterocarpus retusus (Hollong)

Topics|

* Etymology
* Biodiversity
* Brahmaputra Valley
* Cuisine
* Culture
* Economy
* Education
* Institutions of higher education
* Physical geography
* Politics
* Tourism
* Assam tea
* Assam silk
* Assam Rifles
* Assam Regiment

History|

* Kamarupa
* Chutia Kingdom
* Kamata Kingdom
* Ahom kingdom
* Kachari Kingdom
* Colonial Assam
* Assam Province (1912 – 1947)
* Legislative Assembly (Since 1937)
* Assam Mail
* Assam Accord
* Golaghat Convention
* Assam History Timeline

Administration|

* Government
* Legislative Assembly
* Chief Ministers
* Governors
* High Court
* Human rights Commission
* Police
* Political Party

Districts and divisions|

| North Assam|

* Biswanath
* Darrang
* Sonitpur
* Udalguri

|

Lower Assam|

* Baksa
* Barpeta
* Bongaigaon
* Chirang
* Dhubri
* Kokrajhar
* Kamrup
* Kamrup Metro
* Goalpara
* Nalbari
* South Salmara Mankachar

Central Assam|

* Dima Hasao
* Hojai
* Karbi Anglong
* Karbi Anglong (West)
* Morigaon
* Nagaon

Upper Assam|

* Charaideo
* Dibrugarh
* Dhemaji
* Golaghat
* Jorhat
* Lakhimpur
* Majuli
* Sivasagar
* Tinsukia

Barak Valley|

* Cachar
* Hailakandi
* Karimganj

Geography|

* Upper-Assam (East Assam)
* Lower-Assam (West Assam)
* Barak Valley (South Assam)
* Brahmaputra River
* Majuli
* Mora Dhansiri River
* Dhansiri
* Dihing
* Diphlu
* Halflong (The Hill station of Assam)

Culture|

* Assamese language
* Assamese alphabet
* Jolpan
* Traditional crafts
* Bihu
* Folk dances of Assam
* Bagurumba
* Bihu dance
* Ekasarana Dharma
* Borgeet
* Satra
* Sattriya Dance
* Saraai
* Gamosa
* Textiles and dresses (Muga and Eri)

Arts, literature,
music and cinema|

* Cinema
* Assamese literature
* Assamese poetry
* List of poets
* List of Assamese writers Pen Names
* List of Assamese Periodicals
* The Arunodoi (Orunodoi - 1846)
* The Hemkosh
* The Assam Tribune
* Assam Rhetorical Congress
* Buranji
* Kirtan Ghoxa
* Dasham
* Naam Ghosa
* Saptakanda Ramayana
* Jonaki
* Music of Assam
* Goalpariya Lokgeet
* Tokari Geet
* Dihanaam
* Hiranaam
* Dhol
* Gogona
* Pepa
* Cinema
* Joymati, first Assamese motion picture
* Guwahati Theatre Festival

People|

* History
* Assamese people
* Ahom
* Brahmin
* Kalita
* Koch
* Chutia
* Tribes of Assam
* Bodo
* Deori
* Dimasa
* Karbi
* Mising
* List of people from Assam

Notable surnames|

* Barua (and its variations)
* Bhuiyan
* Borah
* Bharali
* Borbarua
* Borgohain
* Borpatrogohain
* Borphukan
* Burhagohain
* Chakraborty
* Choudhury (and its variations)
* Das
* Deka
* Dutta
* Gayen
* Gogoi
* Gohain
* Goswami
* Hazarika
* Kalita
* Majumdar
* Saikia
* Sarma
* Chutia
* Sutradhar

Urban areas|

* Barpeta
* Bongaigaon
* Dhubri
* Dibrugarh
* Diphu
* Goalpara
* Golaghat
* Guwahati
* Jorhat
* Karimganj
* Nagaon
* North Lakhimpur
* Sivasagar
* Silchar
* Tezpur
* Tinsukia

* Fairs and Festivals
* Hindu Temples
* History

* v
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Tourism in India

By state|

* Andhra Pradesh
* Andaman and Nicobar Islands
* Assam
* Bihar
* Delhi
* Chhattisgarh
* Goa
* Gujarat
* Himachal Pradesh
* Jammu and Kashmir
* Jharkhand
* Haryana
* Karnataka
* Kerala
* Ladakh
* Madhya Pradesh
* Maharashtra
* Mizoram
* Northeast India
* Odisha
* Puducherry
* Punjab
* Rajasthan
* Telangana
* Tamil Nadu
* Uttar Pradesh
* Uttarakhand
* West Bengal

By city|

* Agra
* Ahmedabad
* Aurangabad
* Bangalore
* Bhopal
* Chandigarh
* Chennai
* Coimbatore
* Dehradun
* Delhi
* Gwalior
* Hyderabad
* Jabalpur
* Jaipur
* Kochi
* Kolkata
* Kozhikode
* Lucknow
* Madurai
* Mumbai
* Mysore
* Patna
* Prayagraj
* Pune
* Surat
* Thiruvananthapuram
* Tiruchirappalli
* Udaipur
* Vadodara
* Varanasi
* Vellore
* Vijayawada
* Visakhapatnam

Types|

* Atomic
* Ayurvedic
* Medical
* Sport
* Yoga

Sites|

| Archaeological|

* Archaeoastronomical Sites
* Buildings
* Cave Paintings
* Dolmens
* Forts
* Fossil Parks
* Geological Monuments
* Ghats
* Menhirs
* Monuments
* Museums
* National Heritage Sites
* Pilgrimage sites
* Rock-cut Temples
* Sculptures
* Statues
* Stepwells
* Structures
* World Heritage Sites

|

Nature|

* Beaches
* Caves
* Coral Reefs
* Hill stations
* Islands
* Lakes
* Mountains
* Rivers
* Waterfalls

Wildlife|

* National Parks
* Protected Areas
* Sacred Groves
* Tiger Reserves

Culture|

* Atithi Devo Bhava
* Cinema
* Cuisine
* Festivals
* Indian diaspora
* Indianisation
* Indosphere
* Languages
* Namaste
* Religion
* Sarva Dharma Sama Bhava

Transport|

* Aerial Tramways
* Airports
* Borders
* Bridges
* Ghat Roads
* Railway
* Luxury Trains
* Mountain Railways

Agencies|

* India Tourism Development Corporation
* Andhra Pradesh Tourism Development Corporation
* Assam Tourism Development Corporation
* Bihar State Tourism Development Corporation
* Delhi Tourism and Transportation Development Corporation
* Gujarat Tourism
* Haryana Tourism Corporation
* Jammu and Kashmir Tourism Development Corporation
* Kerala Tourism Development Corporation
* Madhya Pradesh Tourism Development Corporation
* Maharashtra Tourism Development Corporation
* Odisha Tourism Development Corporation
* Rajasthan Tourism Development Corporation
* Tamil Nadu Tourism Development Corporation
* Telangana State Tourism Development Corporation
* Uttar Pradesh Tourism
* West Bengal Tourism Development Corporation

Related|

* History
* Incredible India
* Visa policy

* Category
* Commons

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Geography of India

Geology|

* Fossil Parks
* Geology
* Indian plate
* Geological Monuments
* Stones

Culture|

* History
* National monuments
* Sacred Groves
* Sacred Mountains
* Sacred Rivers
* Tourism
* World Heritage Sites

Landforms|

* Beaches
* Borders
* Coasts
* Canals
* Desert
* ECZ
* Extreme points
* Glaciers
* Highest point by states
* Islands
* Lakes
* Mountains
* Mountain passes
* Rivers
* Valleys
* Volcanoes
* Waterfalls

Regions|

* North India
* Northwest
* Northeast India
* East India
* South India
* West India
* Central India

Geographical regions|

* Deccan Plateau
* Eastern Coastal Plains
* Circars
* Coromandel
* Utkal
* Himalayas
* Eastern
* Himachal
* Himadri
* Sivalik
* Indo-Gangetic Plain
* Thar Desert
* Western Coastal Plains
* Canara
* Konkan
* Kathiawar
* Kutch
* Malabar

Subdivisions|

* States and territories
* Autonomous areas
* Divisions
* Districts
* Cities
* Towns
* Municipalities

Ecology|

* Biogeographic classification
* Climate
* Ecoregions
* Environmental Issues
* Fauna
* Flora
* Forests
* Protected Areas
* Biosphere reserves
* Communal forests
* Conservation areas
* Conservation and community reserves
* Elephant reserves
* National parks
* Ramsar Sites
* Reserved and protected forests
* Tiger reserves
* Wildlife sanctuaries
* Wildlife

* v
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* e

Geography of India by state or territory

States|

* Andhra Pradesh
* Arunachal Pradesh
* Assam
* Bihar
* Chhattisgarh
* Goa
* Gujarat
* Haryana
* Himachal Pradesh
* Jharkhand
* Karnataka
* Kerala
* Madhya Pradesh
* Maharashtra
* Manipur
* Meghalaya
* Mizoram
* Nagaland
* Odisha
* Punjab
* Rajasthan
* Sikkim
* Tamil Nadu
* Telangana
* Tripura
* Uttar Pradesh
* Uttarakhand
* West Bengal

Union territories|

* Andaman and Nicobar Islands
* Chandigarh
* Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
* Delhi
* Jammu and Kashmir
* Ladakh
* Lakshadweep
* Puducherry

* v
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* e

Monuments in India

National
Importance|

| States|

* Andhra Pradesh
* Arunachal Pradesh
* Assam
* Bihar
* Chhattisgarh
* Goa
* Gujarat
* Ahmedabad
* Haryana
* Himachal Pradesh
* Jharkhand
* Karnataka
* Bangalore Circle
* Belgaum
* Bidar
* Bijapur
* Dharwad
* Gulbarga
* Raichur
* Uttara Kannada
* Kerala
* Madhya Pradesh
* Madhya Pradesh East
* Madhya Pradesh West
* Maharashtra
* Aurangabad Circle
* Mumbai Circle
* Nagpur Circle
* Manipur
* Meghalaya
* Mizoram
* Nagaland
* Odisha
* Punjab
* Rajasthan
* Sikkim
* Tamil Nadu
* Chennai Circle
* Trichy circle
* Telangana
* Tripura
* Uttar Pradesh
* Allahabad
* Agra
* Agra Circle
* Lalitpur
* Lucknow Circle
* Lucknow Circle North
* Lucknow Circle South
* Patna Circle
* Uttarakhand
* West Bengal

|

Union
territories|

* Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
* Delhi
* Jammu and Kashmir
* Ladakh
* Puducherry

State
Protected|

| States|

* Andhra Pradesh
* Arunachal Pradesh
* Assam
* Bihar
* Chhattisgarh
* Goa
* Gujarat
* Haryana
* Himachal Pradesh
* Jharkhand
* Karnataka
* Kerala
* Madhya Pradesh
* Maharashtra
* Manipur
* Meghalaya
* Mizoram
* Odisha
* Punjab
* Rajasthan
* Tamil Nadu
* Telangana
* Uttar Pradesh
* Uttarakhand
* West Bengal

|

Union
territories|

* Delhi
* Jammu and Kashmir

See also|

* National Geological Monuments
* National parks
* World Heritage Sites
* Water Heritage Sites
* Culture of India
* History of India
* Tourism in India

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