Union Party (Burma)

Political party in Myanmar

Union Party

ပြည်ထောင်စုပါတီ

Abbreviation| ပထစ (Burmese)
Chairperson| U Nu
Founded| June 1958
Banned| 1964
Split from| AFPFL
Ideology| Anti-fascism
Burmese nationalism[1]
Democratic socialism[1][2]
Conservatism[3]
Political position| Left-wing[3]
National affiliation| National United Front
Colors|  Red
Party flag

* Politics of Myanmar
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* 2008 Constitution
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Chairman: Than Kyaw
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Min Aung Hlaing (acting)
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Chairman: Min Aung Hlaing
Vice Chairman: Soe Win

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First: Myint Swe
Second: Vacant

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Soe Win
Mya Tun Oo
Tin Aung San
Win Shein
Than Swe

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Chief Justice: Htun Htun Oo
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Chairman: Than Kyaw

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*     * General: 2020
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Minister: Than Swe
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Minister: Ko Ko Hlaing

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President: Duwa Lashi La (acting)
Prime Minister: Mahn Win Khaing Than
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The Union Party (Burmese: ပြည်ထောင်စုပါတီ, romanized: Pyidaungsu Pati) was the ruling political party in Burma in the late 1950s and early 1960s. Formed by a split in the Anti-Fascist People's Freedom League, it was initially known as the Clean Anti-Fascist People's Freedom League (Clean AFPFL) or Nu-Tin faction.

## History

[edit]

The party was formed in June 1958 when the AFPFL split in two following internal disputes that had intensified since its January congress;[4] One group was led by Prime Minister U Nu, which he named the "Clean AFPFL"; the other was led by Kyaw Nyein and Ba Swe and became known as the Stable AFPFL. The Clean faction was occasionally referred to as the Nu-Tin faction, referring to its other leader Thakin Tin, and contained several groups from different political streams, including the left-wing Pongyi Kyaung faction of the Burma Socialist Party and conservative commercial interest groups.[5]

Although the Stable faction was supported by the larger group of AFPFL members in the Chamber of Deputies, U Nu was able to continue as Prime Minister due to support from the National United Front and some of the independent MPs.[4] However, the dispute between the two factions continued to worsen and in September 1958 the Army brokered a compromise, taking power with a government headed by Ne Win until elections were held eighteen months later.[4]

In the 1960 elections campaign the Clean AFPFL promised increased autonomy for the Mon and Rakhine minorities, and that Buddhism would become the state religion, gaining it support from the Buddhist clergy.[5] It received 57% of the vote, winning 158 of the 250 seats in the Chamber of Deputies and 53 of the 125 seats in the Chamber of Nationalities,[6] allowing U Nu to return as Prime Minister. Following the elections, it adopted the Union Party name.[5]

In 1962 U Nu's government was overthrown by a military coup led by Ne Win. In 1964, Ne Win's Burma Socialist Programme Party became the sole legal political party.

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b Funston, N. John (2001). Government & Politics in Southeast Asia. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. p. 232\. ISBN 978-981-230-133-8. Retrieved 2025-03-12.
2. ^ Maung, Maung (October–December 1958). "Burma at the Crossroads". India Quarterly. 14 (4). JSTOR: 385. JSTOR 45068809. Retrieved 2025-03-13.
3. ^ a b "Kyaw Nyein and the "Third Camp"". Worker’s Liberty. 2024-10-01. Retrieved 2025-02-10. "Around 1958, U Nu and Kyaw Nyein had a split within AFPFL. U Nu proposed for the formation of a faction known as "Clean AFPFL" by left-wingers with conservative ideals (red-brown alliance) and the independent members within AFPFL."
4. ^ a b c Haruhiro Fukui (1985) Political parties of Asia and the Pacific, Greenwood Press, p115
5. ^ a b c Fukui, pp126–127
6. ^ Dieter Nohlen, Florian Grotz & Christof Hartmann (2001) Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume I, p616 ISBN 0-19-924958-X

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Political parties in Myanmar

House of
Nationalities (224)|

* National League for Democracy (138)
* Military (56)
* Union Solidarity and Development Party (7)
* Arakan National Party (4)
* Kayah State Democratic Party (3)
* Mon Unity Party (3)
* Shan Nationalities League for Democracy (2)
* Ta'ang National Party (2)
* New Democracy Party (Kachin) (1)
* Pa-O National Organisation (1)

House of
Representatives (440)|

* National League for Democracy (258)
* Military (110)
* Union Solidarity and Development Party (26)
* Shan Nationalities League for Democracy (13)
* Arakan National Party (4)
* Pa-O National Organisation (3)
* Ta'ang National Party (3)
* Kayah State Democratic Party (2)
* Mon Unity Party (2)
* Arakan Front Party (1)
* Kachin State People's Party (1)
* Wa National Party (1)
* Zomi Congress for Democracy (1)

State and
Regional
Hluttaws (880)|

* National League for Democracy (501)
* Military (220)
* Union Solidarity and Development Party (38)
* Shan Nationalities League for Democracy (27)
* Arakan National Party (7)
* Pa-O National Organisation (7)
* Ta'ang National Party (7)
* Mon Unity Party (6)
* Kachin State People's Party (3)
* Kayah State Democratic Party (3)
* Arakan Front Party (2)
* Wa National Unity Party (2)
* Chin National League for Democracy (1)
* Kayin People's Party (1)
* Lahu National Development Party (1)
* Lisu National Development Party (1)
* Shan Nationalities Democratic Party (1)
* Zomi Congress for Democracy (1)

Ethnic Affairs
Ministers (29)|

* National League for Democracy (23)
* Kayan National Party (1)
* Lahu National Development Party (1)
* Lisu National Development Party (1)
* Mon Unity Party (1)

Unrepresented parties|

* Akha National Development Party
* Arakan League for Democracy
* Arakan Liberation Party
* Chin National Party
* Chin Progressive Party
* Communist Party of Burma (banned)
* Confederate Farmers Party
* Democracy and Human Rights Party
* Democracy and Peace Party
* Democratic Party
* Democratic Party for a New Society
* Ethnic National Development Party
* Federal Union Party
* Inn National Development Party
* Karen National Party
* Kokang Democracy and Unity Party
* Myanmar Farmers Development Party
* National Democratic Force
* National Development Party
* National Unity Party
* Peace and Diversity Party
* People's Party of Myanmar Farmers and Workers
* Phalon-Sawaw Democratic Party
* Shan State Progress Party
* Tai-Leng Nationalities Development Party
* Union Democratic Party
* United Democratic Party (dissolved)
* Wa Democratic Party

Political alliances|

* Federal Democracy Alliance
* Nationalities Brotherhood Federation
* United Nationalities Alliance
* United Political Parties Alliance

Political organisations|

* 88 Generation Students Group
* United Nationalities Federal Council

Notable historical parties|

* Anti-Fascist People's Freedom League
* Burma Socialist Programme Party
* Communist Party of Arakan
* National United Front
* Rakhine Nationalities Development Party
* Thakins

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