United Poland

Political party in Poland

United Poland

Solidarna Polska

Leader| Zbigniew Ziobro
Secretary-General| Andrzej Dera
Founded| 24 March 2012
Split from| Law and Justice
Youth wing| The New Generation (Polish: Nowe Pokolenie)
Ideology|

* National conservatism
* Social conservatism
* Christian right

Political position| Right-wing to far-right
Religion| Roman Catholicism
National affiliation| United Right
European affiliation| Movement for a Europe of Liberties and Democracy (2011–2015)
European Parliament group| Europe of Freedom and Democracy (2012–2014)
European Conservatives and Reformists (since 2019)
Colours|

* Blue
* Red

Sejm|

20 / 460

Senate|

2 / 100

European Parliament|

2 / 52

Regional assemblies|

20 / 552

Website
www.solidarna.org

* Politics of Poland
* Political parties
* Elections

United Poland[1][2][3][4] (Polish: Solidarna Polska, abbreviated to SP, lit. "Solidary Poland", alternatively translated as "Solidarity Poland"[5][6]) is a Catholic-nationalist political party in Poland led by Zbigniew Ziobro. It was founded in 2012, as the Catholic-nationalist split from the Law and Justice, with whom they later formed the United Right alliance in 2014.

## Ideology[edit]

The party has been described as national-conservative,[7] nationalist,[8] and Catholic-nationalist.[1][9][10] It is also staunchly socially conservative.[11][12][13] It is opposed to abortion and euthanasia, and supports extending maternity leave to nine months.[14] It is eurosceptic,[2][15] and its staunch opposition to same-sex marriage was cited as a main reason it left the ECR group in the European Parliament in 2012.[16] It has been also described as right-wing populist mainly due to their opposition to immigration.[17] It has been described as right-wing,[18][19][20] and far-right.[21][22][23][24]

In its 2013 program, United Poland called for government intervention in the economy, especially tax policy.[25] The party has called for a 'fat cat' tax on big companies, including supermarkets, and backs higher taxes on those that earn over 10,000 złotych (€2,400) a month.[14]

In 2022 United Poland called for tougher blasphemy laws in Poland, such as three-year jail terms for insulting church or interrupting mass. [26]

## History[edit]

After Ziobro and fellow MEPs Tadeusz Cymański and Jacek Kurski were ejected from PiS for disloyalty on 4 November 2011,[14] Ziobro's supporters within PiS formed a new group in the Sejm.[27] Despite claims that the new group was not attempting to form a new party, the MPs were expelled from Law and Justice.[28] The party was founded in 2012 by Law and Justice (PiS) MEP Zbigniew Ziobro, who led the party's conservative Catholic-nationalist faction.[29]

In 2012, their MEPs left the European Conservatives and Reformists (ECR) to join the Europe of Freedom and Democracy (EFD) group in opposition to the ECR's more liberal stance on gay marriage, its support for the EU's climate change policy, and its advocacy of cuts to the Common Agricultural Policy.[16]

The party was officially launched on 24 March 2012. At the time, opinion polls put the party just around 2%.[14] In a 2020 poll, it found that if the party ran independent from the United Right it would gain 5.4% votes.[30]

## Representatives[edit]

### Members of the Sejm[edit]

* Andrzej Dera (36 – Kalisz)
* Mieczysław Golba (20 – Krosno)
* Patryk Jaki (21 – Opole)
* Beata Kempa (33 – Kielce)
* Arkadiusz Mularczyk (14 – Nowy Sącz)
* Józef Rojek (15 – Tarnów)

* Andrzej Romanek (14 – Nowy Sącz)
* Edward Siarka (14 – Nowy Sącz)
* Tadeusz Woźniak (11 – Sieradz)
* Jan Ziobro (15 – Tarnów)
* Kazimierz Ziobro (20 – Krosno)
* Jarosław Żaczek (6 – Lublin)

|

## Election results[edit]

### Sejm[edit]

Election year  | # of
votes  | % of
vote  | # of
overall seats won  | +/–  | Govt?

|
|
|
|
|

2015 | 5,711,687  | 37.6 (#1)  |

8 / 460

|  8  | Coalition
As a part of a coalition with Law and Justice, which won 235 seats in total.[31]
2019 | 8,051,935  | 43.6 (#1)  |

18 / 460

|  10  | Coalition
As a part of a coalition with Law and Justice, which won 235 seats in total.

### Presidential[edit]

Election year  | Candidate  | 1st round  | 2nd round

|
|
|

# of overall votes  | % of overall vote  | # of overall votes  | % of overall vote
2015 | Supported Andrzej Duda | 5,179,092  | 34.8 (#1)  | 8,719,281  | 51.5 (#1)
2020 | Supported Andrzej Duda | 8,450,513  | 43.50 (#1)  | 10,440,648  | 51.03% (#1)

## Footnotes[edit]

1. ^ a b Nelsen, Brent F.; Guth, James L. (2015). Religion and the Struggle for European Union: Confessional Culture and the Limits of Integration. Georgetown University Press.
2. ^ a b Stoyanov, Dragomir (2017). Julie Hassing Nielsen; Mark N. Franklin (eds.). Central and East European Euroscepticism in 2014: Domestic Politics Matter!. The Eurosceptic 2014 European Parliament Elections: Second Order or Second Rate?. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 114.
3. ^ Lettau, Felix (21 February 2014). "Poland". Project for Democratic Union.
4. ^ Daniel, William T. (2015). Career Behaviour and the European Parliament: All Roads Lead Through Brussels?. Oxford University Press. p. 149.
5. ^ Jaskiernia, Jerzy (2016). Donatella M. Viola (ed.). Poland. Routledge Handbook of European Elections. Routledge.
6. ^ Stępińska, Agnieszka (2017). Ruxandra Boicu; et al. (eds.). Political Advertising During the 2014 Polish EU Parliamentary Election Campaign. Political Communication and European Parliamentary Elections in Times of Crisis. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 14, 18–21.
7. ^ Krzypinski, Dariusz (2017). Ruxandra Boicu; et al. (eds.). Patterns of Recruitment of Polish Candidates in the 2014 European Parliament Elections. Political Communication and European Parliamentary Elections in Times of Crisis. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 245.
8. ^ Pankowski, Rafal (2012). "Right-Wing Extremism in Poland" (PDF). Friedrich Ebert Foundation. "Solidarity Poland (Solidarna Polska, SP) absorbed a big portion of the radical nationalist ideology"
9. ^ Tidey, Alice (2020-08-19). "Poland to give money to "LGBT free" towns denied EU funding". euronews. Retrieved 2021-11-17.
10. ^ Burdeau, Cain (12 August 2021). "Media, Holocaust laws in Poland draw US condemnation". Courthouse News Service. Retrieved 2021-11-17.`{{cite web}}`: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
11. ^ Napieralski, Bartosz (2017). Political Catholicism and Euroscepticism. Routledge. "Both splinter parties remained socially conservative"
12. ^ "Poland's fragmented opposition lets the governing party run wild". The Economist. 2021-04-29. ISSN 0013-0613. Retrieved 2021-11-17.
13. ^ "Polish doctors torn over mental health as grounds to bypass near-total abortion ban". Reuters. 2021-03-20. Retrieved 2021-11-17.
14. ^ a b c d "New Polish conservative party launched". TheNews.pl. 26 March 2012. Retrieved 31 May 2012.
15. ^ "Polish president says changes needed to judges' disciplinary system". Reuters. 2021-07-30. Retrieved 2021-11-17.
16. ^ a b Brand, Constant (2 January 2012). "Polish MEPs leave ECR group". European Voice. Retrieved 31 May 2012.
17. ^ Zagorski, Piotr; Santana, Andres (25 August 2018). Explaining Support for Right-Wing Populist Parties in Central and Eastern Europe. ECPR General Conference. Hamburg. p. 26.
18. ^ Freedom in the World 2015. Freedom House. Rowman & Littlefield. 2015. p. 544.
19. ^ "The rise of the far-right in Poland: No more Eurovision, vegetarians or cyclists". International Business Times. 13 January 2016.
20. ^ "Polish political crisis over EU pandemic recovery fund". POLITICO. 2021-03-15. Retrieved 2021-11-17.
21. ^ "Nigel Farage heads for row over Ukip's anti-gay allies". The Guardian. 15 December 2012.
22. ^ Mendel-Nykorowycz, Andrzej (2021-01-08). "Why Poland threatened to veto the EU recovery fund – European Council on Foreign Relations". ECFR. Retrieved 2021-11-17.
23. ^ "Why Poland's "win" on the EU climate budget rings hollow". New Statesman. 2020-07-28. Retrieved 2021-11-17.
24. ^ "Money for Nothing? PiS Appears Ready to Call EU's Bluff Over Recovery Funds Standoff [EXCLUSIVE]". gazetapl. Retrieved 2021-11-17.
25. ^ Gospodarka Archived 2013-12-24 at the Wayback Machine (in Polish)
26. ^ "Polish coalition party proposes three-year jail terms for insulting church or interrupting mass". 14 April 2022.
27. ^ "Conservative MPs form 'Poland United' breakaway group after dismissals". TheNews.pl. 8 November 2011. Retrieved 31 May 2012.
28. ^ "MPs axed by Law and Justice opposition". TheNews.pl. 15 November 2011. Retrieved 31 May 2012.
29. ^ "Party members 'furious' following conservative defeat". TheNews.pl. 11 October 2011. Retrieved 31 May 2012.
30. ^ "Ziobro's party would win seats if elections were held - daily".
31. ^ Prawapolityka.pl Energetyka, samorządy, demografia – WYWIAD z dr Janem Klawiterem http://prawapolityka.pl/2015/11/energetyka-samorzady-demografia-wywiad-z-dr-janem-klawiterem/

## External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Solidarna Polska.

* (in Polish) United Poland official website

* v
* t
* e

Political parties and political associations in Poland

Represented in
the Sejm|

* United Right (236)
* Law and Justice (195)
* United Poland (20)
* The Republicans (9)
* Renew PR (5)
* Polish Affairs (3)
* K'15 (3)
* Independent (1)*
* Civic Coalition (126)
* Civic Platform (107)
* Modern (6)
* Polish Initiative (4)
* The Greens (3)
* Independents (6)**
* The Left (44)
* New Left (38)
* Left Together (6)
* Polish Coalition (24)
* Polish People's Party (19)
* Centre for Poland (3)
* Union of European Democrats (1)
* Independent (1)***
* Confederation (9)
* National Movement (5)
* KORWiN (3)
* Confederation of the Polish Crown (1)
* Poland 2050 (6)
* Agreement (4)
* Freedomers (3)
* German Minority Electoral Committee**** (1)

Represented in
the Senate|

* United Right (46)
* Law and Justice (38)
* United Poland (2)
* The Republicans (1)
* Independents (5)
* Civic Coalition (41)
* Civic Platform (40)
* Modern (1)
* Polish Coalition (3)
* Polish People's Party (2)
* Union of European Democrats (1)
* Agreement (2)
* The Left (2)
* New Left (1)
* Polish Socialist Party (1987) (1)
* Poland 2050 (1)

Represented in the
European Parliament|

* United Right (27)
* Law and Justice (24)
* United Poland (2)
* The Republicans (1)
* Civic Coalition (15)
* Civic Platform (14)
* The Greens (1)
* The Left (4)
* New Left (4)
* Polish People's Party (3)

Other existing parties
and
political movements|

* Christian Democracy of the 3rd Polish Republic
* Polish Coalition
* Alliance of Democrats
* Silesians Together
* Confederation
* All-Polish Youth*
* National League
* Party of Drivers
* Union of Christian Families
* Falanga
* Freedom and Equality
* Labour Union
* Labour Faction (1989)
* League of Polish Families
* National Party of Retirees and Pensioners
* National Radical Camp (1993)*
* National Revival of Poland
* Piast Faction
* Polish Left
* Polish Pirate Party
* Polish Communist Party
* Real Politics Union
* Right Wing of the Republic
* Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland
* Silesian Autonomy Movement*
* Socialist Alternative
* Solidarity*
* Workers' Democracy
* Your Movement

Minority committees
represented in Sejm|

* German Minority* (1)

Defunct parties|

| Pre-war and
inter-war eras|

* Catholic People's Party
* Centrolew
* Communist Party of Poland (KPP)
* Communist Party of Western Ukraine
* Communist Party of Western Belorussia
* Front Morges
* Labor Party (PP)
* Labour Faction (1937)
* National Democracy
* Christian Union of National Unity
* Camp of Great Poland
* Popular National Union
* National Party
* National Radical Camp
* National Radical Camp (1934)
* National Radical Camp Falanga
* National Radical Camp ABC
* National People's Union
* National Workers' Party
* Polish Christian Democratic Party
* Peasant's Party
* People's Party
* Polish Centre
* Polish People's Party "Piast"
* Polish People's Party "Nowe Wyzwolenie"
* Polish People's Party "Wyzwolenie"
* Polish Socialist Party (1892)
* Polish Socialist Party – Freedom, Equality, Independence
* Polish Socialist Party – Left
* Polish Socialist Party of the Prussian Partition
* Polish Socialist Party – Revolutionary Faction
* Social Democracy of the Kingdom of Poland and Lithuania

|

Communist era|

* Communist Party of Poland (Mijal)
* Confederation of Independent Poland
* Front of National Unity
* Patriotic Movement for National Rebirth
* Polish Workers' Party
* Polish United Workers' Party
* United People's Party

|

Modern era|

* Alliance for Poland
* Agreement for the Future – CenterLeft
* Christian Democracy
* Christian National Union
* Citizens' Movement for Democratic Action
* Confederation of Independent Poland
* Conservative People's Party
* Democratic Left Alliance
* Democratic Left Alliance – Labour Union
* Democratic Party – demokraci.pl
* Democratic Union
* Europa Plus
* European Coalition
* Feminist Initiative/Women's Party
* Forward Poland
* Freedom Union
* Initiative for Poland
* Initiative RP
* League of the Right of the Republic
* Left and Democrats
* Liberal Democratic Congress
* Libertas Poland
* Movement for Reconstruction of Poland
* Now!
* Social Alliance
* Party of Regions
* Party X
* Peasants' Agreement
* Poland Comes First
* Polish Beer-Lovers' Party
* Poland Fair Play
* Polish Labour Party - August 80
* Polish National Party
* Reason Party
* Right Alliance
* Solidarity Electoral Action
* Silesian Regional Party
* Spring
* United Left

|

italic font – electoral alliances and/or popular fronts
*: Zbigniew Ajchler
**: Piotr Adamowicz et al.,
***: Marek Biernacki
****: not currently registered as a party

* Portal:Politics
* List of political parties
* Politics of Poland

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