United States presidential elections in Florida

Presidential elections in Florida

Number of elections| 44
Voted Democratic| 25
Voted Republican| 18
Voted Whig| 1
Voted other| 0
Voted for winning candidate| 31
Voted for losing candidate| 12
Elections in Florida

Federal government

|  Presidential elections

* 1848
* 1852
* 1856
* 1860
* 1868
* 1872
* 1876
* 1880
* 1884
* 1888
* 1892
* 1896
* 1900
* 1904
* 1908
* 1912
* 1916
* 1920
* 1924
* 1928
* 1932
* 1936
* 1940
* 1944
* 1948
* 1952
* 1956
* 1960
* 1964
* 1968
* 1972
* 1976
* 1980
* 1984
* 1988
* 1992
* 1996
* 2000
* 2004
* 2008
* 2012
* 2016
* 2020
* 2024

Presidential primaries

Democratic
2000
2004
2008
2012
2016
2020
2024

Republican
2008
2012
2016
2020
2024
U.S. Senate elections

* 1845
* 1848
* 1851
* 1855
* 1857
* 1868
* 1875
* 1879
* 1881
* 1885
* 1887
* 1890
* 1891
* 1893 sp
* 1897
* 1899
* 1899 sp
* 1903
* 1905 sp
* 1908
* 1909 sp
* 1911
* 1914
* 1916
* 1920
* 1922
* 1926
* 1928
* 1932
* 1934
* 1936 sp
* 1938
* 1940
* 1944
* 1946
* 1950
* 1952
* 1956
* 1958
* 1962
* 1964
* 1968
* 1970
* 1974
* 1976
* 1980
* 1982
* 1986
* 1988
* 1992
* 1994
* 1998
* 2000
* 2004
* 2006
* 2010
* 2012
* 2016
* 2018
* 2022
* 2024
* 2026 (special)
* 2028

U.S. House of Representatives elections

* 1845
* AL sp
* 1846
* 1848
* 1850
* 1852
* 1854
* 1856
* 1858
* 1860
* 1865
* 1868
* 1870
* 1872
* 1874
* 1876
* 1878
* 1880
* 1882
* 1884
* 1886
* 1888
* 1890
* 1892
* 1894
* 1896
* 1898
* 1900
* 1902
* 1904
* 1906
* 1908
* 1910
* 1912
* 1914
* 1916
* 1918
* 1920
* 1922
* 1924
* 1926
* 1928
* 1930
* 1932
* 1934
* 1936
* 1938
* 1940
* 1942
* 1944
* 1946
* 1948
* 1950
* 1952
* 1954
* 1955
* 6th sp
* 1956
* 1958
* 1960
* 1962
* 1964
* 1966
* 1968
* 1970
* 1972
* 1974
* 1976
* 1978
* 1980
* 1982
* 1984
* 1986
* 1988
* 1989
* 18th sp
* 1990
* 1992
* 1994
* 1996
* 1998
* 2000
* 2001
* 1st sp
* 2002
* 2004
* 2006
* 2008
* 2010
* 19th sp
* 2012
* 2014
* 13th sp
* 19th sp
* 2016
* 2018
* 2020
* 2022
* 20th sp
* 2024
* 2025
* 1st sp
* 6th sp
* 2026

C.S. House of Representatives elections

* 1861
* 1863
* 1st sp

State government

|  General elections

* 2006
* 2010
* 2014
* 2018
* 2020
* 2022
* 2026

Gubernatorial elections

* 1845
* 1848
* 1852
* 1856
* 1860
* 1865
* 1868
* 1872
* 1876
* 1880
* 1884
* 1888
* 1892
* 1896
* 1900
* 1904
* 1908
* 1912
* 1916
* 1920
* 1924
* 1928
* 1932
* 1936
* 1940
* 1944
* 1948
* 1952
* 1954 sp
* 1956
* 1960
* 1964
* 1966
* 1970
* 1974
* 1978
* 1982
* 1986
* 1990
* 1994
* 1998
* 2002
* 2006
* 2010
* 2014
* 2018
* 2022
* 2026

Attorney General elections

* 1966
* 1970
* 1986
* 1990
* 1994
* 1998
* 2002
* 2006
* 2010
* 2014
* 2018
* 2022
* 2026

Chief Financial Officer elections

* 2006
* 2010
* 2014
* 2018
* 2022
* 2026

Agriculture Commissioner elections

* 1994
* 1998
* 2002
* 2006
* 2010
* 2014
* 2018
* 2022
* 2026

Senate elections

* 2018
* 2020
* 2022
* 2024
* 2026

House of Representatives elections

* 2012
* 2014
* 2016
* 2018
* 2020
* 2022
* 2024

Ballot measures

* 1998 Florida Amendment 8
* 2008 Florida Amendment 2
* 2014 Florida Amendment 2
* 2016 Florida Amendment 1
* 2016 Florida Amendment 2
* 2018 Florida Amendment 4
* 2020 Florida Amendment 1
* 2020 Florida Amendment 2
* 2020 Florida Amendment 3
* 2020 Florida Amendment 4
* 2020 Florida Amendment 5
* 2020 Florida Amendment 6
* 2022 Florida Amendment 1
* 2022 Florida Amendment 2
* 2022 Florida Amendment 3
* 2024 Florida Amendment 3
* 2024 Florida Amendment 4

Jacksonville

|  Mayoral elections

* 1987
* 1991
* 1995
* 1999
* 2003
* 2007
* 2011
* 2015
* 2019
* 2023
* 2027

Sheriff elections

* 2022 sp

Miami

|  Miami-Dade County mayoral elections

* 1996
* 2000
* 2004
* 2008
* 2011 (recall)
* 2011 (special)
* 2012
* 2016
* 2020
* 2024

Miami mayoral elections

* 1997
* 2001
* 2005
* 2009
* 2013
* 2017
* 2021
* 2025

Hialeah mayoral elections

* 2005
* 2009
* 2011 (special)
* 2013
* 2017
* 2021
* 2025

Miami Beach mayoral elections

* 2011
* 2013
* 2015

North Miami mayoral elections

* 2011
* 2013
* 2014 (special)
* 2015
* 2017
* 2019
* 2021
* 2024

Orlando

|  Orange County mayoral elections

* 1990
* 1994
* 1998
* 2002
* 2006
* 2010
* 2014
* 2018
* 2022
* 2026

Orlando mayoral elections

* 1964
* 1967 (special)
* 1968
* 1972
* 1976
* 1980
* 1984
* 1988
* 1992
* 1996
* 2000
* 2003 (special)
* 2004
* 2008
* 2012
* 2015
* 2019
* 2023
* 2027

St. Petersburg

|  Mayoral elections

* 2001
* 2005
* 2009
* 2013
* 2017
* 2021
* 2026

Tallahassee

|  Mayoral elections

* 1997
* 2003 sp
* 2006
* 2010
* 2014
* 2018
* 2022
* 2026

Tampa

|  Mayoral elections

* 1955
* 1956 (special)
* 1959
* 1963
* 1967
* 1971
* 1974 (special)
* 1975
* 1979
* 1983
* 1987
* 1991
* 1995
* 1999
* 2003
* 2007
* 2011
* 2015
* 2019
* 2023
* 2027

Other localities

|  Fort Lauderdale mayoral elections

* 1994
* 1997
* 2000
* 2003
* 2006
* 2009
* 2012
* 2015
* 2018
* 2020
* 2024

Gainesville mayoral elections

* 2010
* 2013
* 2016
* 2019
* 2022
* 2026

Pensacola mayoral elections

* 2018
* 2022
* 2026

Volusia County Chair elections

* 2004
* 2008
* 2012
* 2016
* 2020
* 2024

Government

* v
* t
* e

Florida is a state in the South Atlantic region of the United States.[1] Since its admission to the Union in March 1845, it has participated in every United States presidential elections, with the 1848 election being the first. In this election, the Whig Party won Florida's three electoral votes with 57.20% of the vote; this was its only victory in the state.[2]

In the realigning 1860 election, Florida was one of the ten slave states that did not provide ballot access to the Republican nominee, Abraham Lincoln.[3] John C. Breckinridge emerged victorious, winning 62.23% of the vote.[4] Shortly after the 1860 election, Florida seceded from the Union and became a part of the Confederacy.[5] As a result, it did not participate in the 1864 presidential election.[6]

With the end of the Civil War, Florida rejoined the Union and participated in the 1868 presidential election. This was the sole presidential election in Florida not decided by the popular vote; instead, the state legislature chose Ulysses S. Grant.[7]

Florida voted for the Republican nominee in all three presidential elections held during the Reconstruction era.[8][9] Shortly after, white Democrats regained control of the legislature. In 1885, they created a new constitution, followed by statutes through 1889, that disfranchised most Black people and many poor whites.[10][11] From the end of the Reconstruction era until the 1952 presidential election, the Republican Party only won Florida once, in 1928. According to historian Herbert J. Doherty, the Republicans' victory in that election was mainly because Al Smith, the Democratic nominee, was a Catholic and opposed to Prohibition, causing many members of the Southern Baptist Convention to switch to the Republican Party.[12] The Republican victory in 1952 has been attributed to the emergence of the Pinellas Republican Party, which attracted many voters.[13]

Since the 1952 presidential election, the Democrats have only won Florida five times: in 1964, 1976, 1996, 2008, and 2012. In 2000, George W. Bush led Al Gore by less than 2,000 votes on election day, but as the recount proceeded, the gap between the two sides continued to narrow.[14] In Bush v. Gore, the Bush campaign filed a lawsuit against Gore in the U.S. Supreme Court, arguing that the recounting of votes in certain counties violated the Equal Protection Clause of the U.S. Constitution. The Supreme Court announced the halt of vote recounting.[15] After a lengthy judicial process, Bush eventually won Florida's electoral votes by a margin of only 537 votes out of almost six million cast (0.009%) and, as a result, became the president-elect.[16] However, the result sparked controversy.[17]

Florida was long a swing state; furthermore, it had been seen as a bellwether in presidential elections since 1928, only voting for the non-winner in 1960, 1992 and 2020.[18] However, with the Republican Party far exceeding its national average in Florida in the 2022 midterm elections, many analysts believe that the state has transitioned from being a Republican-leaning swing state into a reliable red state, with Democratic-leaning trends in Hillsborough County, Orange County, and Osceola County unable to offset Republican gains in Miami-Dade County, Broward County, and Palm Beach County.[19][20] This proposition was reinforced in 2024, when Republican Donald Trump won the state by 13.1 points, a margin that was 11.6 points greater than the national popular vote.

## Presidential elections

[edit]

Key for parties

American Independent Party – (AI)

Constitutional Union Party – (CU)

Democratic Party – (D)

Dixiecrat Party – (DI)

Ecology Party – (E)

Free Soil Party – (FS)

Green Party – (G)

Independent candidate – (I)

Know Nothing Party – (KN)

Liberal Republican Party – (LR)

Libertarian Party – (LI)

National Democratic Party – (ND)

Populist Party – (PO)

Progressive Party (1912) – (PR-1912)

Progressive Party (1924) – (PR-1924)

Prohibition Party – (PRO)

Reform Party – (RE)

Republican Party – (R)

Socialist Party of America – (S)

Southern Democratic Party – (SD)

Whig Party – (W)

Note – A double dagger (‡) indicates the national winner.

### 1848 to 1856

[edit]

Presidential elections in Florida from 1848 to 1856 Year  | Winner  | Runner-up (nationally)  | Other candidate[a] | EV | Ref.

|
|
|
|
|

Candidate  | Votes  | %  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | Candidate  | Votes  | %
1848 |  | Zachary Taylor (W)‡  | 4,120  | 57.2%  |  | Lewis Cass (D) | 3,083  | 42.8%  |  | Martin Van Buren (FS) |

–[b]

| 3  |

[21][22][23][24]

1852 |  | Franklin Pierce (D)‡  | 4,318  | 60.03%  |  | Winfield Scott (W) | 2,875  | 39.97%  |  | John P. Hale (FS) |

–[b]

| 3  |

[25][26][27]

1856 |  | James Buchanan (D)‡  | 6,358  | 56.81%  |  | John C. Frémont (R) |

–[b]

|  | Millard Fillmore (KN) | 4,833  | 43.19%  | 3  |

[21][28][29][30]

### 1860 and 1864

[edit]

The election of 1860 was a complex realigning election in which the breakdown of the previous two-party alignment culminated in four parties each competing for influence in different parts of the country.[31] The result of the election, with the victory of an ardent opponent of slavery, spurred the secession of eleven states and brought about the American Civil War.[32]

1860 Presidential election in Florida Year  | Winner  | Runner-up  | Runner-up  | Runner-up  | EV | Ref.

|
|
|
|
|
|

Candidate  | Votes
(%)  | Candidate  | Votes
(%)  | Candidate  | Votes
(%)  | Candidate  | Votes
(%)
1860 |  | John C. Breckinridge (SD) | 8,277
(62.23%)  |  | John Bell (CU) | 4,801
(36.1%)  |  | Stephen A. Douglas (D) | 223
(1.68%)  |  | Abraham Lincoln (R)‡  |

–[b]

| 4  |

[4][21][33][34]

1864 |

Election was not conducted in Florida as it seceded from the Union to join the Confederacy

[6][35]

### 1868 to present

[edit]

Presidential elections in Florida from 1864 to present Year  | Winner  | Runner-up  | Other candidate[c] | EV | Ref.

|
|
|
|
|

Candidate  | Votes  | %  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | Candidate  | Votes  | %

1868

|  | Ulysses S. Grant (R)‡  |

|  | Horatio Seymour (D) |

| 3  |

[d][7]

1872

|  | Ulysses S. Grant (R)‡  | 17,763  | 53.52%  |  | Horace Greeley (LR) | 15,427  | 46.48%  |

| 4  |

[36][8][37][38]

1876

|  | Rutherford B. Hayes (R)‡  | 23,849  | 50.99%  |  | Samuel J. Tilden (D) | 22,927  | 49.01%  |

| 4  |

[39][9][37][40]

1880

|  | Winfield S. Hancock (D) | 27,964  | 54.17%  |  | James A. Garfield (R)‡  | 23,654  | 45.83%  |

| 4  |

[41][42][37][43]

1884

|  | Grover Cleveland (D)‡  | 31,769  | 52.96%  |  | James G. Blaine (R) | 28,031  | 46.73%  |  | John St. John (PRO) | 72  | 0.12%  | 4  |

[44][45][37][46]

1888

|  | Grover Cleveland (D) | 39,557  | 59.48%  |  | Benjamin Harrison (R)‡  | 26,529  | 39.89%  |  | Clinton Fisk (PRO) | 414  | 0.62%  | 4  |

[47][48][37][49]

1892

|  | Grover Cleveland (D)‡  | 30,153  | 85.01%  |  | James B. Weaver (PO) | 4,843  | 13.65%  |  | John Bidwell (PRO) | 475  | 1.34%  | 4  |

[50][51][37][52]

1896

|  | William Jennings Bryan (D) | 32,756  | 70.46%  |  | William McKinley (R)‡  | 11,298  | 24.3%  |  | John M. Palmer (ND) | 1778  | 3.82%  | 4  |

[53][54][55]

1900

|  | William Jennings Bryan (D) | 28,273  | 71.31%  |  | William McKinley (R)‡  | 7,355  | 18.55%  |  | John G. Woolley (PRO) | 2,244  | 5.66%  | 4  |

[56][57][58]

1904

|  | Alton B. Parker (D) | 27,046  | 68.82%  |  | Theodore Roosevelt (R)‡  | 8,314  | 21.15%  |  | Eugene V. Debs (S) | 2,337  | 5.95%  | 5  |

[59][60][61]

1908

|  | William Jennings Bryan (D) | 31,104  | 63.01%  |  | William Howard Taft (R)‡  | 10,654  | 21.58%  |  | Eugene V. Debs (S) | 3,747  | 7.59%  | 5  |

[62][63][64]

1912

|  | Woodrow Wilson (D)‡  | 35,343  | 69.52%  |  | Eugene V. Debs (S) | 4,806  | 9.45%  |  | Theodore Roosevelt (PR-1912) | 4,555  | 8.96%  | 6  |

[65][66][67]

1916

|  | Woodrow Wilson (D)‡  | 55,984  | 69.34%  |  | Charles Evans Hughes (R) | 14,611  | 18.1%  |  | Allan L. Benson (S) | 5,353  | 6.63%  | 6  |

[68][69][70]

1920

|  | James M. Cox (D) | 90,515  | 62.13%  |  | Warren Harding (R)‡  | 44,853  | 30.79%  |  | Eugene V. Debs (S) | 5,189  | 3.56%  | 6  |

[71][72][73]

1924

|  | John W. Davis (D) | 62,083  | 56.88%  |  | Calvin Coolidge (R)‡  | 30,633  | 28.06%  |  | Robert M. La Follette (PR-1924) | 8,625  | 7.9%  | 6  |

[74][75][76]

1928

|  | Herbert Hoover (R)‡  | 144,168  | 56.83%  |  | Al Smith (D) | 101,764  | 40.12%  |  | Norman Thomas (S) | 4,036  | 1.59%  | 6  |

[77][78][79]

1932

|  | Franklin D. Roosevelt (D)‡  | 206,307  | 74.49%  |  | Herbert Hoover (R) | 69,170  | 24.98%  |  | Norman Thomas (S) | 775  | 0.28%  | 7  |

[80][81][82]

1936

|  | Franklin D. Roosevelt (D)‡  | 249,117  | 76.08%  |  | Alfred Landon (R) | 78,248  | 23.9%  |  | Norman Thomas (S) | 9  | ≈0%  | 7  |

[83][84][85]

1940

|  | Franklin D. Roosevelt (D)‡  | 359,334  | 73.99%  |  | Wendell Willkie (R) | 126,158  | 25.98%  | Various candidates (Write-ins) | 148  | 0.03%  | 7  |

[86][87][88]

1944

|  | Franklin D. Roosevelt (D)‡  | 339,377  | 70.29%  |  | Thomas Dewey (R) | 143,215  | 29.66%  | Various candidates (Write-ins) | 211  | 0.04%  | 8  |

[89][90][91]

1948

|  | Harry Truman (D)‡  | 281,988  | 48.82%  |  | Thomas Dewey (R) | 194,280  | 33.63%  |  | Strom Thurmond (DI) | 89,755  | 15.54%  | 8  |

[92][93][94]

1952

|  | Dwight D. Eisenhower (R)‡  | 544,036  | 54.99%  |  | Adlai Stevenson II (D) | 444,950  | 44.97%  | Various candidates (Write-ins) | 351  | 0.04%  | 10  |

[95][96][97]

1956

|  | Dwight D. Eisenhower (R)‡  | 643,849  | 57.19%  |  | Adlai Stevenson II (D) | 480,371  | 42.67%  | Various candidates (Write-ins) | 1,542  | 0.14%  | 10  |

[98][99][100]

1960

|  | Richard Nixon (R) | 795,476  | 51.51%  |  | John F. Kennedy (D)‡  | 748,700  | 48.49%  |

| 10  |

[101][102][103]

1964

|  | Lyndon B. Johnson (D)‡  | 948,540  | 51.14%  |  | Barry Goldwater (R) | 905,941  | 48.84%  |

| 14  |

[104][105][106]

1968

|  | Richard Nixon (R)‡  | 886,804  | 40.53%  |  | Hubert Humphrey (D) | 676,794  | 30.93%  |  | George Wallace (AI) | 624,207  | 28.53%  | 14  |

[107][108][109]

1972

|  | Richard Nixon (R)‡  | 1,857,759  | 71.91%  |  | George McGovern (D) | 718,117  | 27.8%  | Various candidates (Write-ins) | 7,407  | 0.29%  | 17  |

[110][111][112]

1976

|  | Jimmy Carter (D)‡  | 1,636,000  | 51.93%  |  | Gerald Ford (R) | 1,469,531  | 46.64%  |  | Eugene McCarthy (I) | 23,643  | 0.75%  | 17  |

[113][114][115]

1980

|  | Ronald Reagan (R)‡  | 2,046,951  | 55.52%  |  | Jimmy Carter (D) | 1,419,475  | 38.5%  |  | John B. Anderson (I) | 189,692  | 5.14%  | 17  |

[116][117][118]

1984

|  | Ronald Reagan (R)‡  | 2,730,350  | 65.32%  |  | Walter Mondale (D) | 1,448,816  | 34.66%  |  | David Bergland (LI) | 754  | 0.02%  | 21  |

[119][120][121]

1988

|  | George H. W. Bush (R)‡  | 2,618,885  | 60.87%  |  | Michael Dukakis (D) | 1,656,701  | 38.51%  |  | Ron Paul (LI) | 19,796  | 0.46%  | 21  |

[122][123][124]

1992

|  | George H. W. Bush (R) | 2,173,310  | 40.89%  |  | Bill Clinton (D)‡  | 2,072,698  | 39%  |  | Ross Perot (I) | 1,053,067  | 19.82%  | 25  |

[125][126][127]

1996

|  | Bill Clinton (D)‡  | 2,546,870  | 48.02%  |  | Bob Dole (R) | 2,244,536  | 42.32%  |  | Ross Perot (RE) | 483,870  | 9.12%  | 25  |

[128][129][130]

2000

|  | George W. Bush (R)‡  | 2,912,790  | 48.85%  |  | Al Gore (D) | 2,912,253  | 48.84%  |  | Ralph Nader (G) | 97,488  | 1.63%  | 25  |

[131][132]

2004

|  | George W. Bush (R)‡  | 3,964,522  | 52.1%  |  | John Kerry (D) | 3,583,544  | 47.09%  |  | Ralph Nader (RE) | 32,971  | 0.43%  | 27  |

[133][134]

2008

|  | Barack Obama (D)‡  | 4,282,074  | 50.91%  |  | John McCain (R) | 4,045,624  | 48.09%  |  | Ralph Nader (E) | 28,128  | 0.33%  | 27  |

[135][136]

2012

|  | Barack Obama (D)‡  | 4,237,756  | 50.01%  |  | Mitt Romney (R) | 4,163,447  | 49.13%  |  | Gary Johnson (LI) | 44,726  | 0.53%  | 29  |

[137][138]

2016

|  | Donald Trump[e] (R)‡  | 4,617,886  | 49.02%  |  | Hillary Clinton (D) | 4,504,975  | 47.82%  |  | Gary Johnson (LI) | 207,043  | 2.2%  | 29  |

[139][140]

2020

|  | Donald Trump[e] (R) | 5,668,731  | 51.22%  |  | Joe Biden (D)‡  | 5,297,045  | 47.86%  |  | Jo Jorgensen (LI) | 70,324  | 0.64%  | 29  |

[141][142][143]

2024

|  | Donald Trump (R) ‡  | 6,110,125  | 56.09%  |  | Kamala Harris (D) | 4,683,038  | 42.99%  |  | Jill Stein (G) | 43,155  | 0.4%  | 30  |

[144][145]

#### Graph

[edit]

This graph was using the legacy Graph extension, which is no longer supported. It needs to be converted to the new Chart extension.

|

## Results Maps

[edit]

* 1976 United States presidential election

* 1980 United States presidential election

* 1984 United States presidential election

* 1988 United States presidential election

* 1992 United States presidential election

* 1996 United States presidential election

* 2000 United States presidential election

* 2004 United States presidential election

* 2008 United States presidential election

* 2012 United States presidential election

* 2016 United States presidential election

* 2020 United States presidential election

* 2024 United States presidential election

## See also

[edit]

* Elections in Florida
* List of United States presidential election results by state

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ For purposes of these lists, other national candidates are defined as those who won at least one electoral vote, or won at least ten percent of the vote in multiple states.
2. ^ a b c d Not on ballot
3. ^ For purposes of these lists, other candidates are defined as those who were in third place in Florida.
4. ^ Due to the status of Reconstruction, no election was held; the three electoral votes were allocated by the Florida State Legislature to Grant.
5. ^ a b Changed his home state from State of New York to Florida during his presidency.

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "The South". Encyclopedia Britannica. June 30, 2021. Archived from the original on July 11, 2021. Retrieved July 11, 2021.
2. ^ "1848 Presidential General Election Results - Florida". U.S. Election Atlas. Archived from the original on February 19, 2023. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
3. ^ Burlingame, Michael (October 4, 2016). "Abraham Lincoln: Campaign and Elections". Miller Center. Archived from the original on November 21, 2016. Retrieved July 13, 2021.
4. ^ a b Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 764.
5. ^ "Museum of Florida History". Museum of Florida History. Archived from the original on February 19, 2023. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
6. ^ a b Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 765.
7. ^ a b "The Returns". The Carson Daily Appeal. November 6, 1868. Retrieved January 26, 2021.
8. ^ a b Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 767.
9. ^ a b Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 768.
10. ^ Nancy A. Hewitt (2001). Southern Discomfort: Women's Activism in Tampa, Florida, 1880s–1920s. University of Illinois Press. p. 22\. ISBN 978-0-252-02682-9. Archived from the original on February 4, 2021. Retrieved May 13, 2018.
11. ^ Benson, Lee; et al. (1978). The History of American Electoral Behavior. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. p. 210\. JSTOR j.ctt13x10rd. Archived from the original on February 21, 2023. Retrieved February 21, 2023.
12. ^ Doherty, Herbert J. (1947). "Florida and the Presidential Election of 1928". The Florida Historical Quarterly. 26 (2): 174–186\. ISSN 0015-4113. JSTOR 30138645. Archived from the original on April 23, 2023. Retrieved April 23, 2023.
13. ^ "A quick history of Florida's presidential politics, from Whigs to wigged out". Tampa Bay Times. Archived from the original on February 21, 2023. Retrieved February 21, 2023.
14. ^ "CNN.com - Bush leads Gore by 327 votes in Florida recount, Associated Press reports - November 10, 2000". CNN. Archived from the original on February 21, 2023. Retrieved February 21, 2023.
15. ^ Bush v. Gore, 531 U.S. 98, 103 (2000)
16. ^ "2000 Presidential General Election Results". Federal Election Commission. Archived from the original on August 25, 2012. Retrieved October 2, 2019.
17. ^ Wolter, Kirk; et al. (February 1, 2003). "Reliability of the Uncertified Ballots in the 2000 Presidential Election in Florida". The American Statistician. 57 (1): 1–14\. doi:10.1198/0003130031144. ISSN 0003-1305. S2CID 120778921. Archived from the original on April 23, 2023. Retrieved April 23, 2023.
18. ^ "Florida is the true US presidential election bellwether state". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on November 17, 2020. Retrieved February 20, 2023.
19. ^ Friedersdorf, Conor (November 9, 2022). "Is Florida Still a Swing State?". The Atlantic. Archived from the original on January 12, 2023. Retrieved February 21, 2023.
20. ^ Breuninger, Kevin. "Florida no longer looks like a swing state after DeSantis, Rubio lead big Republican wins". CNBC. Archived from the original on February 11, 2023. Retrieved February 21, 2023.
21. ^ a b c Burnham 1955, p. 252.
22. ^ Leip, David. "1848 Presidential General Election Results - Florida". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Archived from the original on February 19, 2023. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
23. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 761.
24. ^ Presidential elections, 1789–1996, p. 90.
25. ^ Leip, David. "1852 Presidential General Election Results - Florida". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Archived from the original on February 19, 2023. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
26. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 762.
27. ^ Presidential elections, 1789–1996, p. 91.
28. ^ Leip, David. "1856 Presidential General Election Results - Florida". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Archived from the original on February 19, 2023. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
29. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 763.
30. ^ Presidential elections, 1789–1996, p. 92.
31. ^ Egerton, Douglas (2010). Year of Meteors: Stephen Douglas, Abraham Lincoln, and the Election That Brought on the Civil War. Bloomsbury Press. p. 19\. ISBN 978-1-59691-619-7.
32. ^ Egerton, Douglas (2010). Year of Meteors: Stephen Douglas, Abraham Lincoln, and the Election That Brought on the Civil War. Bloomsbury Press. pp. 293–305\. ISBN 978-1-59691-619-7.
33. ^ Leip, David. "1860 Presidential General Election Results - Florida". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Archived from the original on February 19, 2023. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
34. ^ Presidential elections, 1789–1996, p. 93.
35. ^ "SECESSION OF FLORIDA". The New York Times. January 12, 1861. Archived from the original on February 19, 2023. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
36. ^ Leip, David. "1872 Presidential General Election Results - Florida". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Archived from the original on February 19, 2023. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
37. ^ a b c d e f Burnham 1955, p. 253.
38. ^ Presidential elections, 1789–1996, p. 96.
39. ^ Leip, David. "1876 Presidential General Election Results – Florida". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
40. ^ Presidential elections, 1789–1996, p. 97.
41. ^ Leip, David. "1880 Presidential General Election Results – Florida". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Archived from the original on February 19, 2023. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
42. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 769.
43. ^ Presidential elections, 1789–1996, p. 98.
44. ^ Leip, David. "1884 Presidential General Election Results – Florida". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Archived from the original on February 19, 2023. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
45. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 770.
46. ^ Presidential elections, 1789–1996, p. 99.
47. ^ Leip, David. "1888 Presidential General Election Results – Florida". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Archived from the original on February 19, 2023. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
48. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 771.
49. ^ Presidential elections, 1789–1996, p. 100.
50. ^ Leip, David. "1892 Presidential General Election Results – Florida". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Archived from the original on February 19, 2023. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
51. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 772.
52. ^ Presidential elections, 1789–1996, p. 101.
53. ^ Leip, David. "1896 Presidential General Election Results – Florida". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Archived from the original on February 19, 2023. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
54. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 773.
55. ^ Presidential elections, 1789–1996, p. 102.
56. ^ Leip, David. "1900 Presidential General Election Results – Florida". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Archived from the original on December 26, 2022. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
57. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 774.
58. ^ Presidential elections, 1789–1996, p. 103.
59. ^ Leip, David. "1904 Presidential General Election Results – Florida". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Archived from the original on February 19, 2023. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
60. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 775.
61. ^ Presidential elections, 1789–1996, p. 104.
62. ^ Leip, David. "1908 Presidential General Election Results – Florida". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Archived from the original on February 19, 2023. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
63. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 776.
64. ^ Presidential elections, 1789–1996, p. 105.
65. ^ Leip, David. "1912 Presidential General Election Results – Florida". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
66. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 777.
67. ^ Presidential elections, 1789–1996, p. 106.
68. ^ Leip, David. "1916 Presidential General Election Results – Florida". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Archived from the original on June 19, 2006. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
69. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 778.
70. ^ Presidential elections, 1789–1996, p. 107.
71. ^ Leip, David. "1920 Presidential General Election Results – Florida". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Archived from the original on February 19, 2023. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
72. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 779.
73. ^ Presidential elections, 1789–1996, p. 108.
74. ^ Leip, David. "1924 Presidential General Election Results – Florida". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Archived from the original on January 31, 2023. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
75. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 780.
76. ^ Presidential elections, 1789–1996, p. 109.
77. ^ Leip, David. "1928 Presidential General Election Results – Florida". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Archived from the original on February 19, 2023. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
78. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 781.
79. ^ Presidential elections, 1789–1996, p. 110.
80. ^ Leip, David. "1932 Presidential General Election Results – Florida". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
81. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 782.
82. ^ Presidential elections, 1789–1996, p. 111.
83. ^ Leip, David. "1936 Presidential General Election Results – Florida". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Archived from the original on February 19, 2023. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
84. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 783.
85. ^ Presidential elections, 1789–1996, p. 112.
86. ^ Leip, David. "1940 Presidential General Election Results – Florida". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Archived from the original on February 19, 2023. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
87. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 784.
88. ^ Presidential elections, 1789–1996, p. 113.
89. ^ Leip, David. "1944 Presidential General Election Results – Florida". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Archived from the original on February 19, 2023. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
90. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 785.
91. ^ Presidential elections, 1789–1996, p. 114.
92. ^ Leip, David. "1948 Presidential General Election Results – Florida". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Archived from the original on February 19, 2023. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
93. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 786.
94. ^ Presidential elections, 1789–1996, p. 115.
95. ^ Leip, David. "1952 Presidential General Election Results – Florida". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Archived from the original on February 19, 2023. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
96. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 787.
97. ^ Presidential elections, 1789–1996, p. 116.
98. ^ Leip, David. "1956 Presidential General Election Results – Florida". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Archived from the original on February 19, 2023. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
99. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 788.
100. ^ Presidential elections, 1789–1996, p. 117.
101. ^ Leip, David. "1960 Presidential General Election Results – Florida". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Archived from the original on February 19, 2023. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
102. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 789.
103. ^ Presidential elections, 1789–1996, p. 118.
104. ^ Leip, David. "1964 Presidential General Election Results – Florida". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Archived from the original on February 19, 2023. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
105. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 790.
106. ^ Presidential elections, 1789–1996, p. 119.
107. ^ Leip, David. "1968 Presidential General Election Results – Florida". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Archived from the original on February 19, 2023. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
108. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 791.
109. ^ Presidential elections, 1789–1996, p. 120.
110. ^ Leip, David. "1972 Presidential General Election Results – Florida". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Archived from the original on February 19, 2023. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
111. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 792.
112. ^ Presidential elections, 1789–1996, p. 121.
113. ^ Leip, David. "1976 Presidential General Election Results – Florida". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Archived from the original on February 4, 2023. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
114. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 793.
115. ^ Presidential elections, 1789–1996, p. 122.
116. ^ Leip, David. "1980 Presidential General Election Results – Florida". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Archived from the original on February 19, 2023. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
117. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 794.
118. ^ Presidential elections, 1789–1996, p. 123.
119. ^ Leip, David. "1984 Presidential General Election Results – Florida". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Archived from the original on February 19, 2023. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
120. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 795.
121. ^ Presidential elections, 1789–1996, p. 124.
122. ^ Leip, David. "1988 Presidential General Election Results – Florida". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Archived from the original on January 27, 2023. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
123. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 796.
124. ^ Presidential elections, 1789–1996, p. 125.
125. ^ Leip, David. "1992 Presidential General Election Results – Florida". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Archived from the original on February 19, 2023. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
126. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 797.
127. ^ Presidential elections, 1789–1996, p. 126.
128. ^ Leip, David. "1996 Presidential General Election Results – Florida". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Archived from the original on February 19, 2023. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
129. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 798.
130. ^ Presidential elections, 1789–1996, p. 127.
131. ^ Leip, David. "2000 Presidential General Election Results – Florida". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Archived from the original on December 14, 2022. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
132. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 799.
133. ^ Leip, David. "2004 Presidential General Election Results – Florida". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Archived from the original on December 6, 2022. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
134. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 800.
135. ^ Leip, David. "2008 Presidential General Election Results – Florida". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Archived from the original on December 14, 2022. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
136. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections 2010, p. 801.
137. ^ Leip, David. "2012 Presidential General Election Results – Florida". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Archived from the original on December 14, 2022. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
138. ^ "UPDATE 2-Obama's final win in Florida gives him 332 electoral votes". Reuters. November 10, 2012. Archived from the original on February 19, 2023. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
139. ^ Leip, David. "2016 Presidential General Election Results – Florida". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Archived from the original on February 19, 2023. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
140. ^ "Florida Election Results 2016". The New York Times. August 1, 2017. Archived from the original on March 20, 2023. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
141. ^ "Official 2020 Presidential General Election Results" (PDF). Federal Election Commission. January 28, 2021. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 10, 2021. Retrieved July 11, 2021.
142. ^ Leip, David. "2020 Presidential General Election Results – Florida". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Archived from the original on February 19, 2023. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
143. ^ "Presidential Election Results: Biden Wins". The New York Times. November 3, 2020. Archived from the original on June 12, 2022. Retrieved February 19, 2023.
144. ^ Leip, David. "2024 Presidential General Election Results – Florida". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
145. ^ "Florida Election 2024: Key Races and Historical Presidential Election Results". NBC News. November 9, 2024. Retrieved November 9, 2024.

## Works cited

[edit]

* Guide to U.S. Elections. SAGE Publications. 2010. ISBN 978-1-60426-536-1.
* Burnham, Walter Dean (1955). Presidential ballots, 1836–1892. Johns Hopkins University Press. LCCN 55008428. OL 6176796M.
* Presidential elections, 1789–1996. Congressional Quarterly. 1997. ISBN 978-1-56802-065-5. LCCN 97019084. OL 673017M.

* v
* t
* e

United States presidential elections

Elections by year|

* 1788–89
* 1792
* 1796
* 1800
* 1804
* 1808
* 1812
* 1816
* 1820
* 1824
* 1828
* 1832
* 1836
* 1840
* 1844
* 1848
* 1852
* 1856
* 1860
* 1864
* 1868
* 1872
* 1876
* 1880
* 1884
* 1888
* 1892
* 1896
* 1900
* 1904
* 1908
* 1912
* 1916
* 1920
* 1924
* 1928
* 1932
* 1936
* 1940
* 1944
* 1948
* 1952
* 1956
* 1960
* 1964
* 1968
* 1972
* 1976
* 1980
* 1984
* 1988
* 1992
* 1996
* 2000
* 2004
* 2008
* 2012
* 2016
* 2020
* 2024
* 2028

Elections by state|

* Alabama
* Alaska
* Arizona
* Arkansas
* California
* Colorado
* Connecticut
* Delaware
* District of Columbia
* Florida
* Georgia
* Hawaii
* Idaho
* Illinois
* Indiana
* Iowa
* Kansas
* Kentucky
* Louisiana
* Maine
* Maryland
* Massachusetts
* Michigan
* Minnesota
* Mississippi
* Missouri
* Montana
* Nebraska
* Nevada
* New Hampshire
* New Jersey
* New Mexico
* New York
* North Carolina
* North Dakota
* Ohio
* Oklahoma
* Oregon
* Pennsylvania
* Rhode Island
* South Carolina
* South Dakota
* Tennessee
* Texas
* Utah
* Vermont
* Virginia
* Washington
* West Virginia
* Wisconsin
* Wyoming

Primaries and caucuses|

* Iowa caucuses
* New Hampshire presidential primary
* Nevada presidential caucuses
* South Carolina presidential primary
* Super Tuesday

Nominating conventions|

* List of nominating conventions
* Brokered convention
* Convention bounce
* Superdelegate

Electoral College
and popular vote|

* Results
* summary
* elections in which the winner lost the popular vote
* Electoral College margins
* Electoral College results by state
* electoral vote changes between elections
* electoral vote recipients
* popular votes received
* popular-vote margins
* Electoral Count Act
* Certificate of ascertainment
* Certificate of vote
* Contingent election
* Faithless elector
* Unpledged elector
* Voter turnout

Related|

* Campaign slogans
* Historical election polling
* Election Day
* Major party tickets
* Major party losers
* Presidential debates
* October surprise
* Red states and blue states
* Swing state
* Tipping-point state
* Election recount (2000)
* Guam straw poll
* Puerto Rico straw poll
* Vice presidential confirmations:
* 1973
* 1974

* House elections
* Senate elections
* Gubernatorial elections

*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[EV]: Electoral Votes
*[Ref.]: Reference
*[(W)]: Whig Party
*[(D)]: Democratic Party
*[(FS)]: Free Soil Party
*[(R)]: Republican Party
*[(KN)]: Know Nothing Party
*[(SD)]: Southern Democratic Party
*[(CU)]: Constitutional Union Party
*[(LR)]: Liberal Republican Party (United States)
*[(PRO)]: Prohibition Party
*[(PO)]: People's Party (United States)
*[(ND)]: National Democratic Party (United States)
*[(S)]: Socialist Party of America
*[(PR-1912)]: Progressive Party (United States, 1912)
*[(PR-1924)]: Progressive Party (United States, 1924–34)
*[(DI)]: Dixiecrat
*[(AI)]: American Independent Party
*[(I)]: Independent
*[(LI)]: Libertarian Party
*[(RE)]: Reform Party of the United States of America
*[(G)]: Green Party
*[(E)]: Ecology Party of Florida