Upper Pope Group

Large Geologic Group

Upper Pope Group

Stratigraphic range: Carboniferous
Type| Geological group
Sub-units|

* Kincaid
* Grove Church Shale
* Goreville Limestone
* Cave Hill Shale
* Negli Creek Limestone
* Degonia Sandstone
* Cora Limestone
* Ford Station Limestone
* Tygett Sandstone
* Cora Limestone
* Palestine Sandstone
* Menard Limestone
* Allard Limestone
* Scottsburg Limestone
* Walche Limestone
* Waltersburg Formation
* Vienna Limestone
* Tar Springs Sandstone

Overlies| Lower Pope Group
Lithology
Primary| Sandstone, Limestone, Shale
Location
Region| Illinois Basin
Country| United States of America

The Upper Pope Group is a geologic unit found in the Illinois Basin of southern Illinois, southwestern Indiana, and western Kentucky.[1][2] In Indiana and Kentucky its equitant is the Buffalo Wallow Group. This unit grades from sandstones at its base into mix of limestones and sandstone and then a shale at its top.[3] In Sothern Illinois oil wells are drilled into the Tar Springs formation.[4]

## Stratigraphy[edit]

### Kinkaid Formation[edit]

Also known at the Kinkaid Limestone, this unit is made up of several smaller members. This unit ranges from 0' - 230 ' thick. The Grove Church Shale is at the top, followed by Members, Goreville Limestone, Cave Hill Shale, and Negli Creek Limestone.

### Tobinsport Formation[edit]

A formation in Illinois containing 4 members that are linked to other formations in the Upper Pope Group. The Negli Creek Limestone of the Kinkaid formation to the west. Mt. Pleasant Sandstone, Bristow Sandstone, and Siberia Limestone. The Siberia is a thin tongue of the Menard formation.[5]

### Degonia Formation[edit]

This sandstone unit is 0-150' thick.

### Clore Formation[edit]

This unit is 0-150’ thick. Its units include the Ford Station Limestone, Tygett Sandstone and Cora Limestone Members.

### Palestine Formation[edit]

This sandstone unit is 0-120' thick.

### Menard Formation[edit]

The Menard Limestone is a geologic formation in the Illinois Basin of southern Illinois, southwestern Indiana, and western Kentucky.

The type section of both the Walche Limestone Member and the Scottsburg Limestone Member are exposures in Walche's Cut, a railway cutting on the Illinois Central Railroad.[6][7][8]

### Waltersburg Formation[edit]

This formation is 0-100’ thick.

### Vienna Formation[edit]

This limestone unit is 0-60' thick

### Tar Springs Formation[edit]

This sandstone unit is 0-150' thick. The Tar Springs consists of interbedded sandstone and shale, creating closed reservoirs within the sand. For this reason it is the largest oil producing formation in Illinois. Estimated to have accounted for more than 60% of the oil production in the state.

## Energy Production[edit]

This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (December 2023)

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## References[edit]

1. ^ Stamm, N. 2020b, Geologic Unit: Menard, National Geologic Map Database, Geolex, United States Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
2. ^ Willman, H.B., Atherton, Elwood, Buschbach, T.C., Collinson, Charles, Frye, J.C., Hopkins, M.E., Lineback, J.A., and Simon, J.A., 1975, Handbook of Illinois stratigraphy: Illinois Geological Survey Bulletin, no. 95, 261 p.
3. ^ Kolata, D.R. 2005, Bedrock Geology of Illinois: Champaign, Ill. U.S. Geological Survey (Report). Retrieved 16 December 2023.
4. ^ Askari, Zohreh; Lasemi, Yaghoob (16 December 2022). "Geological characterization and ROZ potential of the Tar Springs Sandstone". U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information.
5. ^ Gray, Henry H. (1978). Buffalo Wallow Group Upper Chesterian (Mississippian) of Southern Indiana (Report). Indiana Geological & Water Survey.
6. ^ "Walche Limestone Member". igws.indiana.edu.
7. ^ Swann, David Henry (November 17, 1963). "Classification of Genevievian and Chesterian (late Mississippian) rocks of Illinois". Report of Investigations No. 216 - via www.ideals.illinois.edu.
8. ^ Droste, J. B., and Keller, S. J., 1995, Subsurface stratigraphy and distribution of oil fields of the Buffalo Wallow Group (Mississippian) in Indiana: Indiana Geological Survey Bulletin 63, 24 p.

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Chronostratigraphy of Illinois

Ph|

| Cz|

| Q|

| Holocene|

* Glacial alluvium, drift, and loess

|

Pleistocene|

* Glacial alluvium, drift, and loess

* Grover Gravel
* Mounds Gravel

Pe|

| Eocene|

* Claiborne Formation
* Wilcox Formation

|

Paleocene|

* Clayton Formation
* Porters Creek Formation

Mz|

| K|

| Upper|

| Maastrichtian|

* McNairy Formation
* Owl Creek Formation

|

Campanian|

* Baylis Formation
* Post Creek Formation
* Tuscaloosa Formation

Pz|

| C|

| ⁋|

| Kasimovian|

* Bond Formation
* Mattoon Formation
* Patoka Formation
* Shelburn Formation

|

Moscovian|

* Carbondale Formation
* Tradewater Formation

Bashkirian|

* Caseyville Formation
* Tradewater Formation

| Serpukhovian|

* Clore Formation
* Dagonia Sandstone
* Kinkaid Limestone
* Menard Limestone
* Palestine Sandstone

|

Viséan|

* Aux Vases Sandstone
* Beech Creek Limestone
* Bethel Sandstone
* Cypress Sandstone
* Downeys Bluff Limestone
* Glen Dean Limestone
* Golconda Formation
* Hardinsburg Sandstone
* Paint Creek Formation
* Paoli Limestone
* Renault Limestone
* Ridenhower Formation
* Ste. Genevieve Limestone
* Yankeetown Limestone

Tournaisian|

* Borden Siltstone
* Chouteau Limestone
* Fern Glen Formation
* Meppen Limestone
* New Albany Formation
* Springville Shale

* Borden Siltstone
* Burlington Limestone
* Fort Payne Formation
* Keokuk Limestone
* Salem Limestone
* St. Louis Limestone
* Tar Springs Sandstone
* Ullin Limestone
* Vienna Limestone
* Waltersburg Formation
* Warsaw Formation

| Upper|

| Famennian|

* New Albany Formation

|

Frasnian|

* New Albany Formation

Middle|

| Givetian|

* Cedar Valley Limestone
* St. Laurent Formation

|

Eifelian|

* Detroit River Formation
* Grand Tower Limestone
* Wapsinicon Limestone

Lower|

| Emsian|

* Clear Creek Formation

|

Pragian|

* Backbone Limestone
* Flat Gap Limestone
* Grassy Knob Formation

Lochkovian|

* Bailey Limestone

| Pridoli|

* Bailey Limestone
* Moccasin Springs Formation

|

Ludlow|

| Ludfordian|

* Moccasin Springs Formation
* Racine Dolomite

|

Gorstian|

* Moccasin Springs Formation
* Racine Dolomite

Wenlock|

| Homerian|

* Moccasin Springs Formation
* Racine Dolomite
* Sugar Run Dolomite

|

Sheinwoodian|

* Joliet Dolomite
* Marcus Dolomite
* St. Clair Limestone

Llandovery|

| Telychian|

* Marcus Dolomite
* Sexton Creek Limestone

|

Aeronian|

* Sexton Creek Limestone

Rhuddanian|

* Bowling Green Dolomite
* Brainard Shale
* Fort Atkinson Limestone
* Neda Formation

* Blanding Dolomite
* Kankakee Dolomite
* Mosalem Formation
* Sweeney Dolomite
* Tete des Morts Dolomite

| Upper|

| Hirnantian|

* Leemon Formation

|

Sandbian|

* St. Peter Sandstone

* Cape Limestone
* Decorah Formation
* Dubuque Formation
* Dunleith Formation
* Glenwood Formation
* Grand Detour Formation
* Joachim Dolomite
* Kimmswick Limestone
* Maquoketa Formation
* Mifflin Formation
* Nachusa Formation
* Quimbys Mill Formation
* Scales Shale
* Wise Lake Formation

Middle|

| Darriwilian|

* Dutchtown Limestone
* St. Peter Sandstone

|

* Everton Formation
* Pecatonica Formation
* Plattin Limestone

Lower|

| Tremadocian|

* New Richmond Sandstone
* Oneota Dolomite
* Shakopee Dolomite

|

* Bonneterre Formation
* Davis Formation
* Derby-Doerun Formation
* Eau Claire Formation
* Eminence Dolomite
* Franconia Formation
* Galesville Sandstone
* Ironton Formation
* Jordan Sandstone
* Mt. Simon Sandstone
* Potosi Dolomite

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Chronostratigraphy of Indiana

Ph|

| Pz|

| C|

| ⁋|

| Kasimovian|

McLeansboro Group
Bond Formation, Mattoon Formation, Patoka Formation

|

Moscovian|

McLeansboro Group
Shelburn Formation

Carbondale Group
Dugger Formation, Petersburg Formation, Linton Formation
Raccoon Creek Group
Staunton Formation

Bashkirian|

Raccoon Creek Group
Brazil Formation, Mansfield Formation

| Tournaisian|

* New Albany Shale

|

* Beaver Bend Limestone
* Beech Creek Limestone
* Bethel Formation
* Big Clifty Formation
* Branchville Formation
* Clore Formation
* Coldwater Shale
* Cypress Formation
* Degonia Formation
* Edwardsville Formation
* Elwren Formation
* Glen Dean Limestone
* Grove Church Shale
* Haney Limestone
* Hardinsburg Formation
* Harrodsburg Limestone
* Kinkaid Limestone
* Menard Limestone
* Muldraugh Formation
* New Providence Shale
* Palestine Formation
* Paoli Limestone
* Ramp Creek Formation
* Reelsville Limestone
* Rockford Limestone
* Salem Limestone
* Sample Formation
* Spickert Knob Formation
* St. Louis Limestone
* St. Genevieve Limestone
* Sunbury Formation
* Tar Springs Formation
* Tobinsport Formation
* Vienna Limestone
* Waltersburg Formation

| Upper|

| Famennian|

* New Albany Shale

|

* Antrim Shale
* Backbone Limestone
* Clear Creek Chert
* Detroit River Formation
* Ellsworth Shale
* Grassy Knob Chert
* Jeffersonville Limestone
* North Vernon Limestone
* Traverse Formation

* Bailey Limestone
* Brassfield Limestone
* Cataract Formation
* Louisville Limestone
* Moccasin Springs Formation
* Pleasant Mills Formation
* Salamonie Dolomite
* Sexton Creek Limestone
* St. Clair Limestone
* Wabash Formation
* Waldron Shale

* Brainard Shale
* Dillsboro Formation
* Dutchtown Formation
* Everton Dolomite
* Fort Atkinson Limestone
* Joachim Formation
* Kope Formation
* Lexington Limestone
* Oneota Dolomite
* Pecatonica Formation
* Plattin Formation
* Scales Shale
* Shakopee Dolomite
* St. Peter Sandstone
* Trenton Limestone
* Whitewater Formation

* Davis Formation
* Eau Claire Formation
* Franconia Formation
* Galesville Sandstone
* Ironton Sandstone
* Mt. Simon Sandstone
* Potosi Dolomite

pЄ|

* Middle Run Formation

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Chronostratigraphy of Kentucky

Ph|

| Pz|

| D|

| Upper|

* New Albany Shale
* Ohio Shale
* Chattanooga Shale

|

Middle|

* Sellersburg Limestone
* Jeffersonville Limestone
* Boyle Formation

Lower|

* Clear Creek Formation
* Back Bone Formation
* Grassy Knob Formation
* Flat Gap Formation
* Onondaga Limestone
* Oriskany Formation
* Helderburg Group

| Ludlow|

| Ludfordian|

* Louisville Limestone

|

Gorstian|

* Louisville Limestone

Wenlock|

| Homerian|

* Laurel Formation
* Louisville Limestone
* Waldron Shale

|

Sheinwoodian|

* Bisher Formation
* Laurel Formation
* Osgood Formation

Llandovery|

| Telychian|

* Alger Shale
* Brassfield Formation
* Crab Orchard Formation
* Drowning Creek Formation
* Noland Formation
* Osgood Formation

|

Aeronian|

* Brassfield Formation
* Crab Orchard Formation
* Drowning Creek Formation
* Noland Formation

Rhuddanian|

* Brassfield Formation
* Drowning Creek Formation

| Upper|

| Katian|

* Kope Formation
* Lexington Limestone

|

Sandbian|

* Lexington Limestone
* Tyrone Formation

* Maquoketa Shale

Middle|

| Darriwilian|

* St. Peter Sandstone
* Wells Creek Formation

|

Lower|

| Tremadocian|

* Gunter Sandstone

|

| Furongian|

| Paibian|

* Eau Claire Formation
* Mt. Simon Sandstone

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