Uranium pentachloride

Names
IUPAC name

Uranium(V) chloride

Other names

Uranium pentachloride
Uranic chloride

Identifiers

CAS Number

* 13470-21-8

3D model (JSmol)

* Interactive image

ChemSpider |

* 21257712

PubChem CID

* 24847464 (charge error)

InChI

* InChI=1S/5ClH.U/h5*1H;/q;;;;;+5/p-5

Key: ZRCPKWMJVQCRGF-UHFFFAOYSA-I

SMILES

* [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[U+5]

Properties

Chemical formula

| UCl5
Molar mass | 415.29 g/mol

Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

Infobox references

Chemical compound

Uranium pentachloride is an inorganic chemical compound composed of uranium in the +5 oxidation state and five chlorine atoms.

## Preparation

[edit]

Uranium pentachloride can be prepared from the reaction of uranium trioxide with carbon tetrachloride, with a previously prepared amount of the compound serving as a catalyst.[1]

4 UO3 \+ 10 CCl4 → 4 UCl5 \+ 10 COCl2 \+ O2

It can also be prepared from the reaction between uranium tetrachloride and chlorine in a fluidized bed reactor at 550 °C.[1]

## Properties

[edit]

Uranium pentachloride is available as red-brown microcrystalline powders or black-red crystals with metallic sheen. Unlike the tetrachloride, it is soluble in liquid chlorine. It is very hygroscopic and decomposes into uranium hexachloride and uranium tetrachloride when in water or heated. Additionally, it reacts with some organic solvents such as alcohols, acetone, diethyl ether, or dioxane, but does form stable solutions in carbon tetrachloride, carbon disulfide, and thionyl chloride.

There are two crystalline forms, each of which has the uranium atom in an octahedral geometry among six chlorine atoms. Usually, it is in the α-form, which has a monoclinic crystal structure with space group P21/n. There is also a triclinic β-form, which has space group P1[2] and consists of U2Cl10 dimers like in uranium pentabromide.[3]

The gaseous form has C4v symmetry due to strong f-orbital contribution, and has an electron affinity of 4.76±0.03 eV.[4]

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b Brauer, Georg (1975). Handbuch der präparativen anorganischen Chemie, vol. 1 (3rd ed.). Stuttgart: Enke. p. 1208\. ISBN 3-432-02328-6. OCLC 310719485.
2. ^ Lester R. Morss; Norman M. Edelstein; J. Fuger (eds.). The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements. pp. 522–523.
3. ^ Levy, J.H.; Taylor, J.C.; Wilson, P.W. (1978-01-01). "The crystal structure of uranium pentabromide by powder neutron diffraction". Journal of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry. 40 (6): 1055–1057\. doi:10.1016/0022-1902(78)80507-7. ISSN 0022-1902. Retrieved 29 May 2021.
4. ^ Su, J; Dau, P. D.; Xu, C. F.; Huang, D. L.; Liu, H. T.; Wei, F; Wang, L. S.; Li, J (2013). "A joint photoelectron spectroscopy and theoretical study on the electronic structure of UCl5- and UCl5". Chemistry: An Asian Journal. 8 (10): 2489–96\. doi:10.1002/asia.201300627. PMID 23853153.

* v
* t
* e

Uranium compounds

U(II)|

* UB2
* US

U(III)|

* UF3
* UCl3
* UBr3
* UI3
* UP
* U(OH)3
* UH3
* UN

| Organouranium(III) compounds|

* U(C5H5)3

|

U(IV)|

* U(BH4)4
* UC
* UCl4
* UF4
* UBr4
* UI4
* UO2
* U(OH)4
* UH4
* USi2
* US2
* USe2
* UTe2
* U(SO4)2

| Organouranium(IV) compounds|

* U(C8H8)2
* U(C5H5)4
* U(C5H5)3Cl

|

U(IV,V)|

* U2N3

U(V)|

* UCl5
* UF5
* UBr5
* UI5
* U2O5

U(V,VI)|

* U3O8

U(VI)|

* (NH4)2U2O7
* Na2U2O7
* MgU2O7
* UCl6
* UF6
* U(PO4)2
* UO3
* UN2

| Uranyl compounds|

* Na4UO2(CO3)3
* U2O7
* UO4
* UO2(CH3COO)2
* UO2(CHO2)2
* UO2CO3
* UO2C2O4
* UO2CO3·2(NH4)2CO3
* UO2Cl2
* UO2F2
* UO2(NO3)2
* UO2(OH)2
* (UO2)2(OH)4
* UO2(PO3)2
* UO2(SO4)2
* ZnUO2(CH3COO)4

|

U(XII)|

* UO6 (hypothetical)

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* t
* e

Salts and covalent derivatives of the chloride ion

| HCl |  |  |  | He

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LiCl | BeCl2 | B4Cl4
B12Cl12
BCl3
B2Cl4
+BO3 | C2Cl2
C2Cl4
C2Cl6
CCl4

+CO3 | NCl3
ClN3

+NO3 | ClxOy
Cl2O
Cl2O2
ClO
ClO2
Cl2O4
Cl2O6
Cl2O7
ClO4
+O | ClF
ClF3
ClF5 | Ne
NaCl | MgCl2 | AlCl
AlCl3 | Si5Cl12
Si2Cl6
SiCl4 | P2Cl4
PCl3
PCl5
+P | S2Cl2
SCl2
SCl4
+SO4 | Cl2 | Ar
KCl | CaCl
CaCl2 |  | ScCl3 | TiCl2
TiCl3
TiCl4 | VCl2
VCl3
VCl4
VCl5 | CrCl2
CrCl3
CrCl4 | MnCl2
MnCl3 | FeCl2
FeCl3 | CoCl2
CoCl3 | NiCl2 | CuCl
CuCl2 | ZnCl2 | GaCl
GaCl3 | GeCl2
GeCl4 | AsCl3
AsCl5
+As | Se2Cl2
SeCl2
SeCl4 | BrCl | Kr
RbCl | SrCl2 |  | YCl3 | ZrCl2
ZrCl3
ZrCl4 | NbCl3
NbCl4
NbCl5 | MoCl2
MoCl3
MoCl4
MoCl5
MoCl6 | TcCl3
TcCl4 | RuCl2
RuCl3
RuCl4 | RhCl3 | PdCl2 | AgCl | CdCl2 | InCl
InCl2
InCl3 | SnCl2
SnCl4 | SbCl3
SbCl5 | Te3Cl2
TeCl2
TeCl4 | ICl
ICl3 | XeCl
XeCl2
XeCl4
CsCl | BaCl2 | *  | LuCl3 | HfCl4 | TaCl3
TaCl4
TaCl5 | WCl2
WCl3
WCl4
WCl5
WCl6 | ReCl3
ReCl4
ReCl5
ReCl6 | OsCl2
OsCl3
OsCl4
OsCl5 | IrCl2
IrCl3
IrCl4 | PtCl2
PtCl4 | AuCl
(Au[AuCl4])2
AuCl3 | Hg2Cl2
HgCl2 | TlCl
TlCl3 | PbCl2
PbCl4 | BiCl3 | PoCl2
PoCl4 | AtCl | Rn
FrCl | RaCl2 | **  | LrCl3 | RfCl4 | DbCl5 | SgO2Cl2 | BhO3Cl | Hs  | Mt  | Ds  | Rg  | Cn  | Nh  | Fl  | Mc  | Lv  | Ts  | Og

*  | LaCl3 | CeCl3 | PrCl3 | NdCl2
NdCl3 | PmCl3 | SmCl2
SmCl3 | EuCl2
EuCl3 | GdCl3 | TbCl3 | DyCl2
DyCl3 | HoCl3 | ErCl3 | TmCl2
TmCl3 | YbCl2
YbCl3
**  | AcCl3 | ThCl3
ThCl4 | PaCl4
PaCl5 | UCl3
UCl4
UCl5
UCl6 | NpCl3
NpCl4 | PuCl3 | AmCl2
AmCl3 | CmCl3 | BkCl3 | CfCl3
CfCl2 | EsCl2
EsCl3 | FmCl2 | MdCl2 | NoCl2

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* e

Halides of actinides

|  | Ac | Th | Pa | U | Np | Pu | Am | Cm | Bk | Cf | Es | Fm

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+6  |  |  |  | UF6
UCl6 | NpF6 | PuF6 | AmF6 | CmF6 |  |  | EsF6 |
+5  |  |  | PaF5
PaCl5
PaBr5
PaI5 | UF5
UCl5
UBr5 | NpF5 | PuF5 |  |  |  |  |  |
+4  |  | ThF4
ThCl4
ThBr4
ThI4 | PaF4
PaCl4
PaBr4
PaI4 | UF4
UCl4
UBr4
UI4 | NpF4
NpCl4
NpBr4 | PuF4 | AmF4 | CmF4 | BkF4 | CfF4 | EsF4 |
+3  | AcF3
AcCl3
AcBr3
AcI3 | ThF3
ThCl3
ThI3 |  | UF3
UCl3
UBr3
UI3 | NpF3
NpCl3
NpBr3
NpI3 | PuF3
PuCl3
PuBr3
PuI3 | AmF3
AmCl3
AmBr3
AmI3 | CmF3
CmCl3
CmBr3
CmI3 | BkF3
BkCl3
BkBr3
BkI3 | CfF3
CfCl3
CfBr3
CfI3 | EsF3
EsCl3
EsBr3
EsI3 | FmCl3
+2  |  | ThF2
ThI2
ThCl2 |  |  |  |  | AmF2
AmCl2
AmBr2
AmI2 |  |  | CfI2
CfCl2 | EsCl2
EsBr2
EsI2 | FmCl2
*[CID]: Compound ID
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