Uyghur Americans

Americans of Uyghur birth or descent

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Ethnic group

Uyghur Americans

Uyghur Americans protest in front of the White House against China's human rights violations (September 25, 2015)

Total population
8,905 (per U.S. Census Bureau- 2010)[1] 10,000–15,000 (East Turkistan Government in Exile. 2021 estimates)[2]
8,000–10,000 (Uyghur American Association. 2022 estimates).[3]
Regions with significant populations
Washington D.C., Fairfax, Virginia, Virginia Beach, Richmond, New York, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Boston, Austin, Houston
Languages
Uyghur · Mandarin Chinese · American English
Religion
Predominantly Sunni Islam
Related ethnic groups
Uyghurs
Part of a series on

Uyghurs

* Timeline
* History
* Xinjiang
* East Turkestan
* Flag
* Nationalism
* Literature
* List of Uyghurs

Uyghur language

* Alphabets
* Dialects
* Arabic alphabet
* Cyrillic alphabet
* Latin alphabet
* Grammar
* New Script
* Phonology

Uyghur culture

* Dervishi
* Doppa Cultural Festival
* Etles silk
* The Girl from Dabancheng
* Lift Your Veil
* Meshrep
* Muqam
* Qurtulush Yolida
* Tianshan Snow Lotus Group
* Uyghurlar

Uyghur cuisine

* Chorba
* Cut cake
* Dapanji
* Joshpara
* Laghman
* Manti
* Naan
* Samsa
* Sangza
* Tandyr nan
* Youtazi

Persecution of Uyghurs in China

* China Cables
* Civil Servant-Family Pair Up
* Concerns and controversies at the 2022 Winter Olympics
* Strike Hard Campaign
* Uyghur Human Rights Policy Act
* Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act
* Uyghur Tribunal
* Xinjiang internment camps

Uyghurs outside of Xinjiang

* Beijing
* Kazakhstan
* Kyrgyzstan
* Pakistan
* Turkey
* United States

Uyghur organizations

* East Turkistan Government in Exile
* East Turkistan National Awakening Movement
* Uyghur American Association
* Uyghur Human Rights Project
* World Uyghur Congress

* v
* t
* e

Uyghur Americans (Uyghur: ئامېرىكىلىق ئۇيغۇرلار, romanized: Amérikiliq Uyghurlar) are Americans of Uyghur ethnicity. Most Uyghurs emigrated from Xinjiang, China, to the United States from the late 1980s onwards, with a significant number arriving after July 2009.

## History

[edit]

Uyghurs' history in the United States dates back to the 1960s with the arrival of a small number of immigrants. In the late 20th century, after a series of Xinjiang conflicts, more millions of Uyghurs fled from Xinjiang to Kazakhstan, Turkey, Europe, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and other countries and places.

A 2010 estimate put the Uyghur population in the United States at more than 8,000, however, the Uyghur American Association has said that more have moved to the United States in the 2010s because of the crackdown of July 2009 Ürümqi riots in China in July 2009. As of 2022, the Uyghur American Association estimates there are about 10,000 Uyghurs in the United States[3] while the East Turkistan Government in Exile estimates there are between 10,000 and 15,000 Uyghurs in the United States.[2]

Several thousand Uyghurs are said to be living in the Washington, D.C. area, which has the largest population of Uyghurs in the United States. There are also small populations of Uyghurs in Los Angeles, New York, San Francisco and Houston.

In 2019, the Chinese government was reported to have harassed and abused Uyghurs in the United States, in an attempt to control the speech and actions of Uyghur-Americans.[4] Section 8 of the Uyghur Human Rights Policy Act of 2020 requires a report on "efforts to protect United States citizens and residents, including ethnic Uyghurs and Chinese nationals legally studying or working temporarily in the United States, who have experienced harassment or intimidation within the United States by officials or agents of the Government of the People’s Republic of China" to be produced within 90 days.

## Organizations

[edit]

As with other ethnic groups in the United States, Uyghur Americans also have several organizations. The most well-known organizations are:

* the Uyghur American Association,[5] a Washington D.C.–based advocacy organization which was established in 1998 by a group of Uyghur overseas activists to raise the public awareness of the Uyghur people
* the East Turkistan National Awakening Movement, a youth led organization which was set up by Uyghur graduate student Salih Hudayar in 2017[6]
* the East Turkistan Government in Exile, which was set up by Uyghur activist Anwar Yusuf Turani in 2004.

## Notable people

[edit]

US Secretary of State Michael Pompeo meets with USCIRF Commissioner Nury Turkel and Chinese dissidents (July 2020).

* Rushan Abbas, activist and Executive Director of Campaign for Uyghurs
* Gulchehra Hoja, journalist with Radio Free Asia
* Shohret Hoshur, journalist with Radio Free Asia
* Salih Hudayar, current Foreign Minister of the East Turkistan Government-in-Exile
* Elnigar Iltebir, Director for China at the United States National Security Council
* Rebiya Kadeer, former President of the World Uyghur Congress (resident in the US)
* Gulimina Mahamuti, pianist
* Shoukhrat Mitalipov, stem cell researcher
* Maya Mitalipova, work at Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research at MIT[7]
* Anwar Yusuf Turani, political activist
* Nury Turkel, commissioner on the United States Commission on International Religious Freedom
* Mihrigul Tursun, former detainee in the Xinjiang internment camps

## See also

[edit]

* East Turkistan Government-in-Exile
* East Turkistan National Awakening Movement
* Uyghur American Association
* Uyghur Human Rights Project
* List of Uyghurs

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "Detailed Languages Spoken at Home and Ability to Speak English for the Population 5 Years and Over: 2009-2013". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved March 25, 2021.
2. ^ a b Hawkins, Samantha (March 18, 2021). "Uighur Rally Puts Genocide in Focus Ahead of US-China Talks". Courthouse News. Retrieved March 25, 2021.
3. ^ a b Snellenberg-Fraser, Carlos (February 25, 2022). "THE OLYMPIC COMMITTEE IGNORED THE UYGHURS. THIS CHURCH DIDN'T". Sojourners. Retrieved May 1, 2021.
4. ^ Omer Kanat (August 29, 2019). "China's Cross-Border Campaign to Terrorize Uyghur Americans". The Diplomat. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
5. ^ "About Uyghur American Association". www.uyghuraa.org. Retrieved May 10, 2022.
6. ^ "About ETNAM – East Turkistan National Awakening Movement". nationalawakening.org. August 19, 2018. Retrieved January 20, 2019.
7. ^ Gearin, Conor (March 9, 2020). "Maya Mitalipova: Human Stem Cell Facility". Whitehead Institute of MIT. Retrieved July 5, 2021.

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Uyghur diaspora

By country|

* Australia
* Kazakhstan
* Kyrgyzstan
* Pakistan
* Turkey
* United States

Organisations|

* World Uyghur Congress (global)
* Uyghur American Association (United States)
* Uyghur Human Rights Project

* v
* t
* e

Central Asia diasporas in the United States

Group by country|

* Afghan
* Kazakh
* Kyrgyz
* Tajik
* Turkmen
* Uzbek

Ethnic groups1|

* Baloch
* Pashtun
* Uyghur

1Several Central Asian ethnic groups are dispersed throughout different areas of Central and South Asia, regardless of countries or regions. 1

* v
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* e

Asian Americans

Central Asian|

* Afghan
* Baloch
* Kazakh
* Kyrgyz
* Tajik
* Turkmen
* Uyghur
* Uzbek

East Asian|

* Chinese
* Fuzhounese
* Hakka
* Hoklo
* Hong Kong
* Japanese
* in Hawaii
* Okinawans in Hawaii
* Korean
* in Hawaii
* Mongolian
* Taiwanese
* Tibetan

South Asian|

* Bangladeshi
* Bengali
* Bhutanese
* Indian
* Gujarati
* Malayali
* Telugu
* Indo-Caribbean
* Maldivian
* Nepalese
* Pakistani
* Punjabi
* Sindhi
* Tamil
* Sri Lankan

Southeast Asian|

* Burmese
* Karen
* Cambodian
* Filipino
* Hmong
* Indonesian
* Laotian
* Malaysian
* Singaporean
* Thai
* Vietnamese
* Mien

Other|

* Asian Hispanic and Latino
* Punjabi Mexican
* Multiracial Americans
* Afro-Asian
* Amerasian

History|

* Immigration
* Military
* Internment of Japanese Americans

Topics|

* Arts and Entertainment
* Broadcast journalism
* Demographics
* Politics
* Science and technology
* Sports
* Stereotypes
* East and Southeast Asians
* South Asians
* Model minority myth

Regions|

* California
* Los Angeles
* San Francisco
* Metro Detroit
* Hawaii
* Houston
* Louisiana
* Maryland
* New York City
* Nevada
* North Carolina
* Philadelphia
* Puerto Rico
* Washington
* Washington, D.C.
* Virginia

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Demographics of the United States

Demographic history

Socioeconomic status

* Affluence
* Gender inequality
* Educational attainment
* Emigration
* Home-ownership
* Household income
* Housing segregation
* Immigration
* Income inequality
* Language
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* Middle classes
* Personal income
* Poverty
* Racial inequality
* Race and health
* Racial achievement gap
* Racial wage gap
* Social class
* Standard of living
* Unemployment by state
* Wealth
* Ethnocultural politics

Religions

* Baha'is
* Buddhists
* Christians
* Catholics
* Coptics
* Mormons
* Protestants
* Hindus
* Jains
* Jews
* Muslims
* Ahmadiyyas
* Five Percenters
* Moorish Scientists
* Nation of Islam
* Value Creators
* Native American
* Neopagans
* Non-religious
* Rastafaris
* Scientologists
* Sikhs
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Ancestry and ethnicity in the United States

General/miscellaneous ethno-racial classifications

| General groups|

* African Americans
* Asian Americans
* Native Americans
* Alaska Natives
* Pacific Islanders
* Native Hawaiians
* White/European Americans
* Non-Hispanic Whites
* Appalachians

|

Hispanic/Latino|

* Asian Latino
* Punjabi Mexicans
* Black Latino
* Blaxican
* Mestizo
* Puerto Ricans
* Stateside Puerto Ricans
* White Latino

Multiracial|

* Afro-Asian
* Amerasian
* Black Indians
* Blaxican
* Cajuns
* Creoles
* Hapa
* Melungeon
* Mestizo
* Mulatto
* Punjabi Mexicans

Aboriginal/Indigenous/Native Americans

| Alaskan|

* Aleutians
* Alutiiq
* Athabaskans
* Gwich'in
* Haida
* Iñupiat
* Tsimshian
* Tlingit
* Yupik

|

Californian|

* Cahuilla
* Chemehuevi
* Chumash
* Cupeño
* Diegueño
* Esselen
* Juaneño
* Kitanemuk
* Luiseño
* Miwok
* Patwin
* Pomo
* Salinan
* Serrano
* Suisunes
* Ohlone
* Awaswas
* Chalon
* Chochenyo
* Karkin
* Tamyen
* Tataviam
* Tongva
* Wappo
* Wintun
* Yokuts

Iroquois|

* Cayuga
* Mohawk
* Oneida
* Onondaga
* Seneca
* Tuscarora

Miscellaneous|

* Abenaki
* Apache
* Blackfeet
* Cherokee
* Cheyenne
* Chickasaw
* Choctaw
* Colville
* Comanche
* Cree
* Crow
* Houma
* Kiowa
* Lenape
* Menominee
* Mohave
* Muscogee
* Navajo
* Ojibwe
* Osage
* Odawa
* Paiute
* Pawnee
* Pima
* Potawatomi
* Puebloans
* Zia
* Zuni
* Quechan
* Salish
* Seminole
* Shawnee
* Shoshone
* Sioux
* Tohono Oʼodham
* Ute
* Yakama
* Yaqui

The Americas (by region and country)

| Caribbean|

* Anglo-Caribbean
* Antiguan
* Bahamian
* Barbadian
* Bermudian
* Dominican (Commonwealth)
* Grenadian
* Jamaican
* Kittian
* St. Lucian
* Trinidadian
* Vincentian
* Virgin Islanders
* Dutch Caribbean
* Indo-Caribbean
* Latin Caribbean
* Cuban
* Dominican (Republic)
* Haitian
* Puerto Ricans

|

North America|

* Belizean
* Canadian
* French Canadian
* Greenlandic
* Latin North/Central American
* Costa Rican
* Guatemalan
* Honduran
* Mexican
* Indigenous Mexican
* Nicaraguan
* Panamanian
* Salvadoran

South America|

* Guyanese
* Latin South American
* Argentine
* Bolivian
* Brazilian
* Chilean
* Colombian
* Ecuadorian
* Paraguayan
* Peruvian
* Uruguayan
* Venezuelan
* Surinamese

Africa

| General/misc.|

* Black African diaspora
* African Americans
* Afro-Caribbeans
* Afro-Latinos
* Recent African immigrants

|

Central Africa|

* Cameroonian
* Congolese
* Equatoguinean
* Gabonese

East Africa|

* Eritrean
* Ethiopian
* Kenyan
* Somali
* South Sudanese
* Tanzanian
* Ugandan

Southern Africa|

* Angolan
* Malawian
* South African
* Afrikaners
* Zimbabwean

West Africa|

* Beninese
* Cape Verdean
* Fula
* Gambian
* Ghanaian
* Guinean
* Guinea-Bissauan
* Ivorian
* Liberian
* Malian
* Mauritanian
* Nigerian
* Igbo
* Yoruba
* Senegalese
* Sierra Leonean
* Togolese

Asia

| General/misc.|

* Asian Americans
* Asian Latinos

|

Central Asia|

* Afghan
* Pashtun
* Kazakh
* Kyrgyz
* Tajik
* Turkmen
* Uzbek

East Asia|

* Chinese
* Fuzhounese
* Hakka
* Hoklo
* Hong Kong
* Taiwanese
* Tibetan
* Uyghur
* Japanese
* Ryukyuan
* Korean
* Mongolian

South Asia|

* Bangladeshi
* Bengali
* Bhutanese
* Indian
* Bengali
* Gujarati
* Malayali
* Punjabi
* Sindhi
* Tamil
* Telugu
* Indo-Caribbean
* Maldivian
* Nepalese
* Pakistani
* Balochi
* Pashtun
* Punjabi
* Sindhi
* Sri Lankan
* Tamil

Southeast Asia|

* Burmese
* Karen
* Cambodian
* Filipino
* Hmong–Mien
* Hmong
* Iu Mien
* Indonesian
* Laotian
* Malaysian
* Singaporean
* Thai
* Vietnamese

Europe

| General/misc.|

* White/European Americans
* Non-Hispanic Whites
* White Hispanic/Latino
* Jewish
* Romani
* Bashalde

|

British Isles|

* British
* Cornish
* English
* Manx
* Scottish
* Welsh
* Irish
* Scotch-Irish

Central Europe|

* Austrian
* Czech
* German
* Frisian
* Sorbian
* Polish
* Kashubian
* Rusyn
* Silesian
* Slovak
* Swiss

Eastern Europe|

* Baltic
* Estonian
* Latvian
* Lithuanian
* Belarusian
* Moldovan
* Russian
* Chechen
* Circassian
* Cossack
* Kalmyk
* Ukrainian
* Cossack

Northern Europe|

* Danish
* Faroese
* Greenlandic
* Finnish
* Icelandic
* Norwegian
* Sami
* Swedish

Southern Europe|

* Iberian
* Portuguese
* Spanish
* Asturian
* Basque
* Canarian
* Catalan
* Galician
* Italian
* Sicilian
* Maltese
* Sammarinese

Southeast Europe|

* Albanian
* Armenian
* Azerbaijani
* Bulgarian
* Cypriot
* Georgian
* Greek
* Hungarian
* Romanian
* Turkish
* Yugoslav
* Bosnian
* Croatian
* Macedonian
* Montenegrin
* Serbian
* Slovenian

Western Europe|

* Belgian
* Flemish
* Dutch
* Afrikaners
* French
* Basque
* Breton
* Corsican
* French Canadian
* Liechtensteiner
* Luxembourger

Middle East and North Africa

| Multinational|

* Arab
* Assyrian
* Berber
* Circassian
* Jewish
* Kurdish

|

North Africa|

* Algerian
* Egyptian
* Coptic
* Libyan
* Moroccan
* Sudanese
* Tunisian

West Asia|

* Armenian
* Azerbaijani
* Bahraini
* Cypriot
* Emirati
* Georgian
* Iranian
* Balochi
* Iraqi
* Israeli
* Jordanian
* Kuwaiti
* Lebanese
* Omani
* Palestinian
* Qatari
* Saudi
* Syrian
* Syrian-Jewish
* Turkish
* Yemeni

Oceania (Pacific Islands)

| Australasia|

* Australian
* New Zealander
* Maori

|

Melanesia|

* Fijian
* Papuan

Micronesia|

* Chamorro
* Marshallese
* Micronesian (Federation)
* Palauan

Polynesia|

* French Polynesian
* Hawaiian
* Maori
* Samoan
* Tongan

Related subjects

* People of the United States / Americans
* American ancestry
* Native American ancestry
* Maps of American ancestries
* 2010 census
* Race and ethnicity in the census
* Race and ethnicity in the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
* Racism

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