Van Allen Building

This article is about the building in Clinton, Iowa. For other buildings, see Van Allen.

Not to be confused with the Van Alen Building.

United States historic place

Van Allen and Company Department Store

U.S. National Register of Historic Places

U.S. National Historic Landmark

The Van Allen Building

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Location| Northwest corner, Fifth Avenue and South 2nd Street, Clinton, Iowa
Coordinates| 41°50′28.95″N 90°11′17.98″W﻿ / ﻿41.8413750°N 90.1883278°W﻿ / 41.8413750; -90.1883278
Built| 1913
Architect| Louis Sullivan
NRHP reference No.| 76000753
Significant dates
Added to NRHP| January 7, 1976[1]
Designated NHL| January 7, 1976[2]

The Van Allen Building, also known as Van Allen and Company Department Store, is a historic commercial building at Fifth Avenue and South Second Street in Clinton, Iowa. The four-story building was designed by Louis Sullivan and commissioned by John Delbert Van Allen (October 5, 1850 – December 30, 1928). Constructed 1912–1914 as a department store, it now has upper floor apartments with ground floor commercial space. The exterior has brick spandrels and piers over the structural steel skeletal frame. Terra cotta is used for horizontal accent banding and for three slender, vertical applied mullion medallions on the front facade running through three stories, from ornate corbels at the second-floor level to huge outbursts of vivid green terra cotta foliage in the attic. There is a very slight cornice. Black marble facing is used around the glass show windows on the first floor. The walls are made of long thin bricks in a burnt gray color with a tinge of purple. Above the ground floor all the windows are framed by a light gray terra cotta. The tile panels in Dutch blue and white pay tribute to Mr. Van Allen's Dutch heritage of which he was quite proud. (Mr. Van Allen was accepted for membership in the Holland Society of New York in 1908). The Van Allen Building was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1976 for its architecture.[2][3]

Rather unusually, Van Allen and Sullivan planned the building around intended use of the interior space. The men carefully laid out floor plans and designed displays, showcases, and aisles before creating plans for the building itself. The main floor of the new store was for general dry goods and men's furnishings. The second floor was women's costumes, and the third floor household fabrics, bedding and rugs. The top floor was not planned for immediate use and intended as an area for future growth. The resulting interior design included a plan with only two interior column lines on all four floors, creating open interiors for shopping. The column lines feature three rows of interior columns spanning east–west, which allowed for three spacious retail bays averaging over 28 feet in width.

The exterior of the building was designed to have urban appeal with plain surfaces, clean lines and harmonious proportions. In order to avoid anonymity amongst other buildings, the structure features ornamentation with a strong sense of Sullivan's signature natural design motifs. Themes of dark brick and terra cotta ornamentation dominate the building's exterior design. The clean and simple lines and earth tones were intended to complement three unique ornamental terra cotta mullions. While at first glance, the mullions appear to be little more than creative personal flourish on the part of Sullivan, careful study of the building's structure reveals the genius behind the design. Sullivan used the ornamental mullions to visually correct imbalances in the building's proportions which were the result of designing the interior spaces first. Additionally, the decorative mullions serve to accentuate the height of the building and emphasize the wide spans of the interior aisles which made the building so unique.

Louis Sullivan was recommended as the architect by F.H. Shaver of the Peoples Savings Bank in Cedar Rapids, Iowa in a letter dated September 20, 1910. In addition to mentioning the work that Sullivan was doing for him, Mr. Shaver mentioned Sullivan's Transportation Building at the 1893 World Columbian Exposition, the Auditorium Hotel and Carson Pirie Scott in Chicago, with special mention of the National Farmer's Bank of Owatonna, Minnesota and the fact that Mr. Sullivan was decorated for his work by the French government. He concluded his letter by stating, "The interesting feature of this whole matter is that Mr. Sullivan does not charge more than other architects."

On March 20, 1911, Mr. Sullivan wrote Mr. Van Allen stating, "I shall take pleasure in handling your work, and will be pleased to see you at any time, as I am now building a church as well as a bank in Cedar Rapids, Iowa."

On April 3, 1912, Mr. Sullivan wrote Mr. Van Allen stating, "My feeling is moving away from white enamelled terra cotta into a conception of brick and terra cotta in soft low tones. I trust you will follow me with your approval as this design seems to tend this way of its own accord: That is, with a sort of logic of its own."

Mr. Van Allen's granddaughter, Mary Jane Case (1917–2004), has described how her grandfather related to her that Mr. Sullivan would sit on a keg of nails across the street from the building when it was under construction and direct the work on the building.

## Gallery

[edit]

* The Van Allen Building, Column Capital

* Detail of ornamentation of the Van Allen Building

* Van Allen family crest

* John D. Van Allen & Son

* Van Allen building front elevation detail

* Van Allen building SE corner detail

* Van Allen building under construction in 1913

* Van Allen building under construction in 1914

* John D. Van Allen in 1919

* Van Allen Store 1934

## See also

[edit]

* List of National Historic Landmarks in Iowa
* National Register of Historic Places listings in Clinton County, Iowa

## References

[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Van Allen Building.

1. ^ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. January 23, 2007.
2. ^ a b "Van Allen and Company Department Store". National Historic Landmark summary listing. National Park Service. Archived from the original on June 6, 2011. Retrieved October 3, 2007.
3. ^ Carolyn Pitts (July 1975). "National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination: Van Allen and Son Department Store / John D. Van Allen and Son Dry-Goods Store" (pdf). National Park Service. `{{cite journal}}`: Cite journal requires `|journal=` (help). Accompanying 3 photos, exterior and architectural details, undated. (830 KB)

* "Louis Sullivan The Function of Ornament" Edited by Wim de Witt - Chicago Historical Society \- The Saint Louis Art Museum. (ISBN 0-393-30498-1)
* "Louis Sullivan Prophet of Modern Architecture" by Hugh Morrison
* "Small Town Sullivan" by Blair Kamin The Chicago Tribune May 26, 2006 Section 5 p. 1
* The Clinton Herald December 7, 1909 p. 8
* The Clinton Herald March 24, 1910 p. 10
* The Clinton Herald February 13, 1913
* The Clinton Herald April 30, 1913
* The Clinton Advertiser April 30, 1913
* The Clinton Herald July 30, 1914 p. 5
* The Clinton Advertiser August 1, 1914
* The Clinton Herald September 29, 1914
* The Clinton Advertiser September 29, 1914
* Ryerson Library - The Art Institute of Chicago

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U.S. National Register of Historic Places

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National Register of Historic Places in Clinton County, Iowa

Calamus|

* George Johnson House
* Our Savior's Kvindherred Lutheran Church

Camanche|

* Horace Anthony House

Clinton|

* Ankeny Building
* Castle Terrace Historic District
* Cherry Bank
* Clinton County Courthouse
* Clinton High School and Public Library
* Clinton Public Library
* George M. Curtis House
* Peter Dierks House
* First National Bank
* Howes Building
* Lafayette Lamb House
* Moeszinger-Marquis Hardware Co.
* Saint Boniface Church
* Saint Irenaeus Church
* Van Allen Building
* Washington Junior High School and Jefferson Grade School
* Wilson Building

Delmar|

* Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Depot – Delmar
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DeWitt|

* Ames Creek Bridge

Grand Mound|

* Dugan's Saloon
* Farmers and Merchants Savings Bank
* Grand Mound Town Hall and Waterworks Historic District
* Helvig-Olson Farm Historic District

Lost Nation|

* Sharon Methodist Episcopal Church

Wheatland|

* City Hotel

See also: National Register of Historic Places listings in Clinton County, Iowa and List of National Historic Landmarks in Iowa

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Louis Sullivan

Adler & Sullivan works|

* Martin Ryerson Tomb (1897)
* Auditorium Building, Chicago (1889)
* Auditorium Theatre
* Carrie Eliza Getty Tomb (1890)
* Wainwright Building (1890)
* Wainwright Tomb (1892)
* Bellefontaine Cemetery (1892)
* Union Trust Company Building (1892–93)
* Prudential (Guaranty) Building (1894)
* Chicago Stock Exchange Building (1894)
* Bayard–Condict Building (1899)
* Carson, Pirie, Scott and Company Building (1899)

Sullivan works|

* Bradley House (1909)
* Charnley–Norwood House (1890)
* Charnley–Persky House (1892)
* Pilgrim Baptist Church (1890)
* Farmers and Merchants Union Bank (1919)
* Gage Group Buildings (1898)
* Halsted House (1883)
* Adams Building (1913)
* Holy Trinity Orthodox Cathedral (1903)
* Home Building Association Bank (1914)
* Jewelers Building (1882)
* Krause Music Store (1922)
* McVicker's Theater (1891)
* Merchants' National Bank (1914)
* National Farmer's Bank of Owatonna (1908)
* People's Federal Savings and Loan Association (1917)
* Peoples Savings Bank (1911)
* Purdue State Bank (1914)
* St. Paul United Methodist Church (1914)
* Van Allen Building (1913)

Lost buildings|

* New Orleans Union Station (1892–1954)
* Dooly Block (1891–1965)
* Louis Sullivan Bungalow (1890s–2005)
* Garrick Theater (1891–1961, A&S)
* Pilgrim Baptist Church (1891–2006, A&S)
* Dexter Building (1887–2006, A&S)

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