Vancouver School

Grouping of Canadian artists

This article is about the photographic style and group of artists. For schools named Vancouver, see Vancouver (disambiguation).

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The Vancouver School of conceptual[1] or post-conceptual[2] photography (often referred to as photoconceptualism[3]) is a loose term applied to a grouping of artists from Vancouver starting in the 1980s.[1] Critics and curators began writing about artists reacting to both older conceptual art practices and mass media by countering with "photographs of high intensity and complex content that probed, obliquely or directly, the social force of imagery."[1] No formal "school" exists and the grouping remains both informal and often controversial[4] even amongst the artists themselves, who often resist the term.[4] Artists associated with the term include Vikky Alexander, Roy Arden, Ken Lum, Jeff Wall, Ian Wallace,[3] Stan Douglas and Rodney Graham.[5]

## History

[edit]

In the early 1980s an attempt at what William Wood refers to as a "re-branding" of Vancouver[6] and a desire for a larger recognition within Canada and internationally,[7] the Vancouver School designation functioned to present Vancouver art to the larger international market.[8]

## Key works

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Mimic (1982)

Jeff Wall's Mimic [9] (1982) typifies his cinematographic style and according to art historian Michael Fried "characteristic of Wall's engagement in his art of the 1980s with social issues".[10] A 198 × 226 cm. colour transparency, it shows a white couple and an Asian man walking towards the camera. The sidewalk, flanked by parked cars and residential and light-industrial buildings, suggests a North American industrial suburb. The woman is wearing red shorts and a white top displaying her midriff; her bearded, unkempt boyfriend wears a denim vest. The Asian man is casual but well-dressed in comparison, in a collared shirt and slacks. As the couple overtake the man, the boyfriend makes an ambiguous but apparently obscene and racist gesture, holding his upraised middle finger close to the corner of his eye, "slanting" his eye in mockery of the Asian man's eyes. The picture resembles a candid shot that captures the moment and its implicit social tensions, but is actually a recreation of an exchange witnessed by the artist.[11][12]

Win, Place or Show (1998) installation view

Stan Douglas' 1998 video installation Win, Place or Show is shot in the style of the late-1960s CBC drama The Client, noted for its gritty style, long takes and lack of establishing shots. Set in 1950s Vancouver in the Strathcona redevelopment, the installation explores the modernist notion of urban renewal with the demolition of existing architecture in favour of grids of apartment blocks. Two men share a dormitory room on a rainy day off from their blue-collar jobs. The conversation flares up during a discussion of the day's horse races, and the 6-minute filmed loop is repeated from different angles on a split screen, each cycle presenting ever-changing configurations of point of view. The takes are edited together in real time by a computer during the exhibition, generating an almost endless series of montages.[13]

In 1994 Rodney Graham began a series of films and videos in which he himself appears as the principal character: Halcion Sleep (1994), Vexation Island (1997) (shown at Canadian pavilion of the 1997 Venice Biennale) and How I Became a Ramblin’ Man (1999). The Phonokinetoscope (2002) reflects Graham’s engagement both with the origins of cinema and its eventual demise. Graham takes up a prototype by Thomas Edison and puts forward an argument for the relation between sound and image in film. In Rheinmetall/Victoria 8 (2003), two increasingly obsolete technologies, the typewriter and film projector, face off against one another—with the latter projecting a film of the former.[14]

## Selected exhibitions

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* "Light Years: The Phil Lind Gift", Art Gallery of Ontario, Toronto, 2025, featuring works by Stan Douglas, Rodney Graham, Ron Terada and Jeff Wall.[15] This exhibition was accompanied by a book/catalogue by the curator of the show Adam Welch.[16]

## See also

[edit]

* Düsseldorf School of Photography

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b c Photography with an eye for social relevance
2. ^ AKIMBO [Akimblog] Archived 2016-08-22 at the Wayback Machine
3. ^ a b Sarah Milroy "Is Arden our next greatest photographer?" Globe and Mail (October 27, 2007): R1.
4. ^ a b Marsha Lederman "Behind the Lens: The Vancouver School Debate" Globe and Mail (October 20, 2007): R13.
5. ^ "Intertidal: Vancouver Art & Artists / E-Flux". Archived from the original on 2010-02-11. Retrieved 2010-07-07.
6. ^ # "The Insufficiency of the World." INTERTIDAL: Vancouver Art and Artists. Eds. Dieter Roelstrate and Scott Watson. Antwerp: Museum van Hedendaagse Kunst Antwerpen, 2005. 66.
7. ^ http://www.canadianarchitect.com/issues/ISarticle.asp?id=74408&issue=09272007&ref=rss[permanent dead link] Canadian Architect. (September 2007)
8. ^ Melanie O'Brian. "Introduction: Specious Speculation." Vancouver Art & Economies. Ed. Melanie O'Brian. Vancouver: Arsenal Pulp Press, 2007. 22.
9. ^ "Jeff Wall: Room guide, room 3". Tate.
10. ^ Michaels, Walter Benn (2010). "The Politics of a Good Picture: Race, Class, and Form in Jeff Wall's "Mimic"". PMLA. 125 (1): 177–184\. doi:10.1632/pmla.2010.125.1.177. ISSN 0030-8129. JSTOR 25614447.
11. ^ Lipsky-Karasz, Elisa (September 4, 2015). "Jeff Wall's Unique Photographic Vision". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved March 1, 2017.
12. ^ Osborne, Patty. "Mimic". Geist.
13. ^ "Lynne Cooke, Stan Douglas and Douglas Gordon: Double Vision 2000". Archived from the original on 2010-06-20. Retrieved 2010-01-31.
14. ^ "Rodney Graham. Rheinmetall/Victoria 8. 2003 | MoMA".
15. ^ "Exhibitions". ago.ca. Art Gallery of Ontario, Toronto. Retrieved 21 April 2025.
16. ^ Welch, Adam (2024). Light Years: The Phil Lind Gift. Fredericton: Goose Lane Editions with the Art Gallery of Ontario. ISBN 9781773104393. Retrieved 22 April 2025.

## Further reading

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* O'Brian, Melanie, ed. Vancouver Art & Economies. Vancouver: Arsenal Pulp Press, 2007. ISBN 978-1-55152-214-2
* Rhodes, Richard. "Newsmakers: The Vancouver School." Canadian Art Vol. 21, No. 3 (Fall 2004): 49.
* Roelstrate, Dieter and Scott Watson, eds.INTERTIDAL: Vancouver Art and Artists. Antwerp: Museum van Hedendaagse Kunst Antwerpen, 2005. ISBN 0-88865-785-4

## External links

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* The Vancouver School in the permanent collection Archived 2019-01-29 at the Wayback Machine at Vancouver Art Gallery
* "The Vancouver School: A city's place in the realm of ideas Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine" CBC Radio 3 Magazine feature p. 18; Commentary with Daina Augaitis, Chief curator of the Vancouver Art Gallery
* Vancouver artists at Museum van Hedendaagse Kunst Antwerpen Archived 2016-12-07 at the Wayback Machine, Antwerp, Belgium
* Jeff Wall at Museum of Modern Art
* Jeff Wall at Tate Modern

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Canadian art

Organizations|

* Aesthetic Research Centre
* Art Metropole
* Arts and Letters Club of Toronto
* Canadian Artists' Representation (CARFAC)
* Canadian Conference of the Arts
* Emma Lake Artist's Workshops
* Heliconian Club
* Intermedia
* Maritime Art Association
* Royal Canadian Academy of Arts
* Sculptors Society of Canada
* Women's Art Association of Canada (WAAC)
* Vtape

Collectives|

* Beaver Hall Group
* Canadian Art Club
* Canadian Group of Painters
* Eastern Group of Painters
* Federation of Canadian Artists
* General Idea
* Group of Seven
* Jewish Painters of Montreal
* Ontario Society of Artists
* Painters Eleven
* Professional Native Indian Artists Inc. (Indian Group of Seven)
* Regina Five

Movements|

* Les Automatistes
* London Regionalism
* Plasticien
* Vancouver School

Styles|

* Formline art
* NSCAD conceptual art
* Woodlands style

Media|

* Canadian Art
* Canadian Forum
* Canadian Review of Music and Art
* FILE Megazine
* Fuse
* Parachute
* Vanguard

Related|

* Canadian artists
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* Canadian painters
* Canadian pavilion at the Venice Biennale
* Contemporary Canadian art
* Pedimental sculptures in Canada
* Artistic development of Tom Thomson
* Canada Council
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* Refus Global

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