Vipin Khanna

Indian businessman and army officer (1930–2019)

Vipin Khanna

Khanna in 2012

Born|

Vipin Kumar Khanna

(1930-12-14)December 14, 1930

Lahore, Punjab Province, British India.

Died| November 7, 2019(2019-11-07) (aged 88)

Delhi, India

Nationality| Indian
Occupations|

* Businessman
* army officer

Spouse| Naginder Kumari Khanna
Children| Vinita, Navin, Arvind and Aditya
Relatives| Khanna family
Military career
Allegiance|  India
Service/branch|  Indian Army
Years of service| 1950-1965
Rank|  Major
Unit|  Brigade of The Guards

Vipin Kumar Khanna (14 December 1930 – 7 November 2019) was an Indian businessman and army officer. Khanna had diverse business interests. He founded Dynamic Sales Service International, a commodities trading and marketing company which further expanded into engineering support, shipbroking, fast-moving consumer goods and additional industries as well.[1][2] Khanna also had other business interests, which included interests in the arms, aerospace, software, investment banking, hospitality, real estate, alcohol and drinks industries.[3][4][5][6][7] He was a Non-Resident Indian based in London, England, and also had a base in Delhi, India.[3][8][9]

Khanna was born in Lahore, Punjab Province. During the partition of India in 1947, Khanna and his family fled Lahore, and migrated to Delhi. He was commissioned into the Indian Army in 1950, and eventually reached the rank of Major, before voluntarily retiring from the army in 1965.[10] After his retirement from the army, Khanna began his business career.

Khanna had a long and controversial business career. His name was frequently associated with numerous controversies regarding allegations of being an arms dealer, links to numerous offshore companies and allegedly being involved in bribery scandals, however, the investigations into him found no evidence of wrongdoing and were dropped.[11][12][13] Khanna was allegedly one of the largest and most powerful arms dealers in India since the 1980s, however, the allegations levelled against him were never proven and the cases against him were dropped.[14][15][11] Despite the lack of evidence against Khanna, allegations of being an arms dealer, being linked to foreign defence companies and allegations of being involved in various arms deals in India persisted throughout his business career.[11][16] He was noted by the Government of India and Indian investigative agencies for being a powerful and influential person, both in India and globally.[17][18][19]

Khanna died on 7 November 2019, in New Delhi. His business interests were divided between his children: Vinita, Navin, Arvind and Aditya.[20][21][22][23]

## Early life and military career[edit]

Khanna (near left), during his time in the Indian Army, circa 1950s

Vipin Kumar Khanna was born on 14 December 1930 in Lahore, Punjab Province, British India. Khanna was the son of Shanti Lal Khanna. He was born into a Punjabi Hindu family. Khanna, along with his family, fled Lahore during the partition of India in 1947, and migrated to Delhi, India. He was from a wealthy family in Lahore, but the family lost their wealth when they fled the city during the partition, and had to start anew after migrating to Delhi.[24]

In 1950, Khanna was commissioned into the Indian Army after graduating from the National Defence Academy, which at the time was known as the Joint Services Wing, and was part of the Indian Military Academy, in Dehradun.[10][25] He was commissioned into the Brigade of the Guards.[26] During his service in the army, Khanna was part of the Indian contingent of the United Nations Emergency Force (UNEF), which was formed in the aftermath of the Suez Crisis, and was deployed to Egypt.[27]

During his time in the UNEF, Khanna was aide-de-camp to Lieutenant general E. L. M. Burns, who was the first Force Commander of the UNEF.[28][29] While serving with the United Nations, he traveled extensively to foreign countries, which included those that had contributed to the UNEF and other countries as well.[28] Khanna built friendships and made contacts with prominent people during his travels, and these relationships later helped Khanna develop his international connections when he started his business career.[28]

When he returned to India, Khanna became an instructor at the College of Combat, Mhow, which is now known as the Army War College, Mhow, for three years.[28] Khanna eventually rose to the rank of Major, however, he voluntarily retired from the Indian Army in 1965.[10] His retirement came into effect on 17 July 1965.[10] Khanna stated that his reasons for seeking premature retirement were that he saw no future prospects for himself within the army and that he had domestic concerns.[10] After retiring from the army, Khanna began his business career.

## Business career[edit]

Khanna started his business career after voluntarily retiring from the Indian Army in 1965. His initial business interests were in the import and export of various goods and products.[30] These included importing brass strips, bronze wires, speciality steel products, machinery, machine tools, taper roller bearings and oils, and exporting semi-precious stones, silver jewellery and textiles.[30]

### Dynamic Sales Service International[edit]

Khanna in 1963

In 1967, Khanna founded Dynamic Sales Service International (DSSI), which was a diverse commodities trading and marketing company.[1] In 1971, the company started importing newsprint from Canada to India.[31] In the 1970s, Khanna, through his company DSSI, also developed business relations with companies in the United States.[32] Officials from the U.S Embassy in New Delhi and representatives from both the United States Department of Commerce and United States Department of State would regularly meet and communicate with him as well.[33][32][34] Also during the 1970s, Khanna developed connections within the Government of India and the Indian Bureaucracy.[35][36] This included connections with then Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, members of various cabinet committees and the executives of public sector undertakings (PSUs).[35][36][37]

DSSI's commodities trading and marketing business expanded to include the metals and mining, agricultural commodities, steel, coal, fertilizers, and oil and gas industries.[2] The company facilitated the import of commodities from foreign multinational companies, which included Cargill, Crown Zellerbach, MacMillan Bloedel, Nova Chemicals, Husky Energy and Mobil, before its merger with Exxon.[38][39][40] These imports were primarily for PSUs and Indian government cooperatives, among which were Indian Oil Corporation, Bharat Petroleum Corporation, Mangalore Refinery and Petrochemicals, MMTC and Indian Farmers Fertiliser Cooperative.[38][41] DSSI facilitated both the import and export of commodities for companies which included BHP, Louis Dreyfus Company, Tate & Lyle, Phillips Petroleum, National Aluminium Company, Steel Authority of India and Rashtriya Ispat Nigam.[39][38][42][43]

DSSI further expanded into the engineering support industry and facilitated imports from various foreign companies which included Nortel, STC, Loral Corporation, Harris Corporation and General Electric.[44] The company's engineering support division supplied telecommunications equipment from foreign companies to Indian government departments and also supplied products from various foreign companies to Indian Railways and the Airports Authority of India.[44] DSSI's engineering support division collaborated with HMT to introduce Indian Railways' first wheel and axle factory, introduced the Oil & Natural Gas Corporation's first subsea production system in a collaboration with Engineers India and set up power plants for National Fertilizer's Bhatinda and Panipat facilities as well.[44] Other companies that DSSI facilitated imports for included Komatsu and John Deere.[2] The company also entered the shipbroking industry.[45]

In 1990, DSSI established DSSI Exports.[46] DSSI Exports entered the fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) industry and launched Chelsea, which was a tea brand.[47] Chelsea's tea products were sold in the United States and the United Kingdom.[47] From 1991 to 1998, DSSI Exports was the franchisee for Capelli Sport in India.[48][49] In the 1990s, the company also manufactured and exported textiles.[50]

By 2002, DSSI was a diversified business group, and the company's annual sales exceeded $800 million.[1] DSSI also had an office in London, and Khanna's youngest child, Aditya Khanna, led DSSI's international business operations.[51][52] DSSI also established DSSI Foods and further expanded in the FMCG industry.[53] DSSI Foods was initially started as a brand under DSSI Exports before being set up as a company in 2004.[53][54] The company sold tea products, roasted coffee beans, spices and cashews.[54]

### Other Indian businesses[edit]

Khanna further expanded his business interests to other industries in India. In the 1980s, Khanna entered the arms and aerospace industries.[55][56] His defence and aerospace businesses focused on manufacturing for offset agreements.[57] In 1997, Khanna entered the drinks and alcohol industries through his company Clan Morgan, which was based in Alwar, Rajasthan.[58][59] The company had its distilleries and bottling plants located in Rajasthan.[60] Clan Morgan also had a joint venture with Allied Domecq, and initially owned 50% of the joint venture.[61][62][63] The joint venture was called Allied Domecq Spirit & Wine India.[64] The joint venture introduced and established the whiskey brands, Teacher's and Old Smuggler in the Indian market.[61] The company also bottled Allied Domecq's other international brands.[60] Later, Allied Domecq increased their shareholding in the joint venture to 74%, and in 2005, bought out Clan Morgan's 26% share in Allied Domecq Spirit & Wine India.[62][64]

In 2009, Khanna entered the software industry through his company V4 Security Service, which was based in Delhi.[6][65] V4 Security Service sold and marketed cybersecurity, surveillance technology, digital forensics and systems integration products from both international and Indian technology companies.[66] The products were used for counterterrorism, and to avert cyber risks and crime.[66] The company's clients included the Indian intelligence agencies and Indian Police Service organisations.[66] In 2013, V4 Security Service partnered with Falck, a Danish emergency services company and private ambulance operator, to provide professional ambulance, roadside assistance, disaster management, travel and safety services.[6]

### Foreign business interests and international connections[edit]

Khanna also had foreign business interests. He had interests in the real estate and hotel industries in the UK.[5] In 1995, Khanna and Aditya founded Tamarind, a restaurant in London that became of part of their restaurant group, the Tamarind Collection.[67][68][69][70] Tamarind is an Indian restaurant in Mayfair, and in 2001, became the first Indian restaurant to win a Michelin star in the UK.[68][71] Khanna and Aditya also opened Imli, an Indian restaurant in Soho, London, which was rebranded as Tamarind Kitchen in 2017.[67][72] In 2013, the Tamarind Collection acquired Zaika, an Indian restaurant in Kensington.[73][74] Khanna and Aditya also expanded into investment banking and founded FiNoble Advisors in 2005.[7] FiNoble Advisors was an investment bank that had offices in New York, London and New Delhi.[7] The investment bank focused on international middle-market companies and financial institutions that were trying to enter the Indian market, and provided mergers and acquisitions advice to Indian companies that were looking for acquisitions in the United States and Europe.[7][75] Kaupthing Bank, which was an Icelandic bank, acquired 20% of FiNoble Advisors in 2007.[76][77]

During his business career, Khanna developed international connections, which included connections with foreign dignitaries and diplomats. In 1985, during a visit to India, United States Senator Richard Lugar met with Khanna, and other prominent Indian figures, to examine U.S foreign policy in India and South Asia.[78] From 1996 to 2005, he served as the Honorary Consul of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg in New Delhi.[79] During his tenure as Honorary Consul, Khanna supported the idea that India would benefit if Luxembourg established banks in the country.[4] He would also entertain foreign dignitaries in his homes in Delhi.[4] In 2006, during an investigation into Khanna's alleged business links and connections, the Indian Government at the time claimed that his international reach was powerful enough to influence investigative agencies around the world.[19]

## Controversies[edit]

### Arms dealer allegations[edit]

Khanna and his family faced allegations of being one of the largest and most powerful arms dealers in India.[14] Khanna was allegedly one of the three largest arms dealers in India, along with Sudhir Choudhrie and Suresh Nanda.[14][80][18] In 2006, the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) claimed that the Khanna family, the Nanda family and the Choudhrie family had been controlling business in the defence industry of India even prior to the Bofors Scandal in the 1980s, and allegedly, their commissions from defence deals were possibly as much as 15%.[14][15] Until the Bofors Scandal in the 1980s, lobbying for arms deals was legal, however, the political fallout from the scandal caused the Indian Government in 1987 to ban the use of agents in the defence industry.[81][82] Before the ban, the Ministry of Defence kept a list of arms agents that was reviewed annually, and Khanna's name would appear on the list every year.[14][56] In 2012, the Enforcment Directorate (ED) claimed that Khanna and his family's network in the Indian defence industry grew more powerful after the Bofors Scandal.[18]

Khanna was allegedly an influential figure in the Indian defence industry and reportedly, played an instrumental role in the approval of defence deals in India.[80][83] Allegedly, Khanna could guide deals through the defence procurement processes due to his connections within the Indian Bureaucracy and his alleged ability to pay large commissions to various politicians, active and retired military officials, and bureaucrats that are involved in the procurement processes.[80][18][84] Khanna was allegedly linked to various foreign defence companies and was allegedly involved in various arms deals in India.[85][13] However, the allegations levelled against him were never proven, and the investigations and cases against Khanna were dropped.[13]

#### Allegations of links to foreign defence companies[edit]

In 1986, officials from the Ministry of Finance conducted an investigation into Khanna for allegedly being an arms agent for Saab, a Swedish defence and aerospace company.[86] However, the officials from the ministry later dropped the investigation into him.[86] In 1987, Khanna was once again investigated by the Ministry of Finance for his alleged links to Saab, however, before the investigation could progress further, the officer in charge of the investigation was transferred.[86] In 1999, it was alleged that Khanna was the arms agent for Thompson-CSF, a French defence, aerospace and electronics company, which was rebranded as Thales Group in 2000.[87]

In 2001, Khanna's name appeared in Operation West End, a sting operation that was organised and carried out by Tehelka, an Indian news magazine.[88][85][89] During the sting operation, Tehelka met Lieutenant Colonel V.K Berry, a retired Indian Army officer, and had discussions with him about middlemen in the Indian defence industry.[88][89] Berry claimed that Khanna was allegedly the arms agent for several Israeli defence companies, among which were Elbit Systems, Elisra, Tadiran Communications and Symtech.[85][89] In 2005, Elbit Systems acquired Elisra and Tadiran Communications, and in 2008, Tadiran Communication was merged into Elbit systems, and Elisra became a wholly owned subsidiary of Elbit in 2011.[90][91][92] Berry also claimed that he had worked for Khanna for 3 years and had met these companies during that time.[85][89] Berry made a further claim that Khanna facilitated a deal in which Tadiran Communications supplied communications equipment to the Cabinet Secretariat and that Khanna received a 12% commission for facilitating the deal.[89] However, Berry later stated that what he had said regarding the communications equipment deal was untrue, and Khanna, under oath, denied that Berry had ever worked for him.[89]

#### Allegations of involvement in arms deals[edit]

In 2005, Khanna was accused for allegedly facilitating the arms deal that involved the sale of 1,200 anti-material rifles from Denel, a South African aerospace and defence company, to the Indian Army.[9][84][93] The anti-material rifles deal between Denel and India was completed in 2003.[93] The CBI and the ED claimed that Khanna allegedly used Varas Associates, an offshore company with offices in the Isle of Man and Berne, Switzerland, to receive a commission of 12.75% for securing the order for Denel.[94] The CBI also claimed that Khanna allegedly influenced the Price Negotiation Committee of the Ministry of Defence.[94] The CBI and ED eventually dropped the case against Khanna due to lack of evidence.[13][95]

In 2007, Khanna was accused by the CBI for being involved in the Barak Missile scandal.[96] In 2000, the Indian Navy signed a contract to purchase seven Barak anti-missile defence systems and 200 Barak missiles from Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI), an Israeli defence and aerospace company.[97] The allegations of corruption in the missile deal caused the Barak Missile scandal.[98] During the investigations into the scandal, the CBI filed a chargesheet on Khanna in 2007 for allegedly receiving vast kickbacks for securing the contract for Israel, and the CBI also confiscated his passport.[96][99] The CBI stated that Khanna was a very influential and highly connected person, who was powerful in both India and internationally.[17] The CBI further claimed that due to these reasons, releasing Khanna's passport would adversely impact the investigation into him.[17] It was also alleged by the CBI that Khanna had routed his payments from the deal through his various businesses and companies based in Mauritius.[100] The case against Khanna was eventually dropped due to lack of evidence.[100]

In 2016, the CBI launched a probe into the purchase of three airborne early warning and control (AEW&C) aircraft from Embraer, a Brazilian aerospace manufacturer.[101][102] Khanna was accused of swinging the aircraft deal, which was signed in 2008, in favour of Embraer by influencing the Indian Air Force and the Defence Research Development Organization (DRDO).[103][104][105] The first information report (FIR) filed by the CBI mentioned that Khanna used an offshore company named Interdev Aviation Services Pte Ltd, located in Singapore, to channel the payments from Embraer into India.[106][102][107] Allegedly, the payments were also routed through Austria and Switzerland.[16][108] In 2023, the CBI dropped the legal proceedings against Khanna due to his death in 2019.[109]

### Alleged links to offshore companies[edit]

Between 2006 and 2007, Khanna was connected by the CBI and ED to a network of offshore companies based in London, the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man.[110][111][112] The CBI and ED claimed that Khanna owned numerous offshore companies, and was allegedly disguising and routing his vast commissions from defence deals through these offshore companies.[110][111] Khanna denied any links to all offshore companies and financial transactions, and Gopal Subramaniam, an Additional Solicitor General of India, stated to the Supreme Court of India that both the CBI and the ED had found no material evidence linking Khanna to offshore companies and the transactions.[111][112] In 2007, the CBI claimed that Khanna owned or had business interests in various companies in the UK and other countries.[17][113] The CBI eventually dropped the case against Khanna due to lack of evidence.[100]

### Securency bribery scandal[edit]

In 2007, Securency, a Reserve Bank of Australia subsidiary, was involved in bribing overseas officials so that Australia could win lucrative polymer banknote printing contracts.[12] It was reported that David Twine, who was at the time Austrade's Asia regional director and one of Australia's senior most foreign trade promotion officials, met with Khanna to discuss work for Securency and to help the company secure government related contracts.[114] The investigation into Securency was, at the time, Australia's largest foreign bribery scandal and investigation.[12]

## Personal life[edit]

Khanna was married to Naginder Kumari, daughter of Maharaja Bhupinder Singh of Patiala.[115][116] Khanna and Naginder had four children: Vinita, Navin, Arvind and Aditya.[117]

* Vinita Singh (née Khanna; born 1960) is a businesswoman. Vinita took control Khanna's business interests in software through Khanna's company, V4 Security Service.[21][118] She is married to Randhir Singh, a sports administrator, former International Olympic Committee member and former Olympic-level shooter.[119][120]
* Navin Khanna (born 1962) is a businessman. Navin took control of Khanna's business interests in commodities trading and marketing, and Khanna's other DSSI group companies.[20][121] He also has business interests in the drinks industry.[122] Navin has been a noted polo player in India.[123][124]
* Arvind Khanna (born 1967) is a politician, businessman and philanthropist.[125] He is a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party and has been elected twice to the Punjab Legislative Assembly.[126][127][128] Arvind took control of Khanna's business interests in the arms and aerospace industries.[129][22][3] He also has other business interests, which are in the technology, software and telecommunications equipment industries.[130] Arvind is the founder of Umeed Foundation, a non-governmental organization (NGO) in Punjab.[131][132]
* Aditya Khanna (born 1971) is an entrepreneur, financier and philanthropist. Aditya took control of Khanna's London business interests in hospitality, investment banking and DSSI's London operations.[23][51][133] He has further founded and invested in businesses in a diverse range of different industries.[134][133] Aditya has also been involved in various social initiatives.

Naginder was also the paternal aunt of Amarinder Singh, former Chief Minister of Punjab.[115][135] Naginder died in 2012, at the age of 75, in New Delhi.[117]

Khanna was a Non-Resident Indian who was based in London and he also had a base in New Delhi.[9][136]

### Death[edit]

Khanna died on 7 November 2019, at the age of 88, in New Delhi.

## References[edit]

1. ^ a b c Textile Asia. Hong Kong: Business Press. 2002. pp. 9–10. Archived from the original on 13 April 2023. Retrieved 8 March 2022.
2. ^ a b c "Corporate Profile". DSSI International. Archived from the original on 30 December 2016. Retrieved 14 February 2022.
3. ^ a b c "AT ARM: These businessmen have been linked to India's booming weapons bazaar". India Today. 13 April 2012. Archived from the original on 23 December 2021. Retrieved 19 February 2022.
4. ^ a b c Jain, Madhu (9 June 1997). "Indian industrialists choose to represent diplomatic interests of other countries". India Today. Archived from the original on 20 December 2021. Retrieved 22 December 2021.
5. ^ a b "Why Join Us". Vipin Khanna. Archived from the original on 8 December 2013. Retrieved 9 September 2022.
6. ^ a b c BS Reporter (1 October 2012). "World's second biggest ambulance service provider comes to India". Business Standard India. Archived from the original on 29 June 2022. Retrieved 29 June 2022.
7. ^ a b c d "SÉCURITÉ ET SANTÉ AU TRAVAIL - PDF Téléchargement Gratuit" (PDF). DocPlayer. 2005. p. 38\. Archived from the original on 19 February 2022. Retrieved 26 February 2022.
8. ^ Express News Service (21 October 2016). "CBI registers FIR against UK-based arms dealer in Embraer deal". The New Indian Express. Archived from the original on 28 February 2022. Retrieved 28 February 2022.
9. ^ a b c Ray, Shantanu Guha; Unnithan, Sandeep (13 April 2012). "Tatra truck deal has blown the lid off a shadowy world of arms dealers". India Today. Archived from the original on 28 February 2022. Retrieved 28 February 2022.
10. ^ a b c d e Committee on Public Undertakings (13 December 1967). "Fifth Report on Contract Entered into by State Trading Corporation of India Limited (with M/s Oval Industries Inc., New York for Import of sulphur) pertaining to Ministry of Commerce" (PDF). Parliament Digital Library. Lok Sabha Secretariat. p. 24\. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 February 2022. Retrieved 13 February 2022.
11. ^ a b c FE Online (2 March 2017). "Embraer deal: CBI quizzes Vipin Khanna over 'kickbacks'". The Financial Express. Archived from the original on 29 November 2020. Retrieved 26 January 2022.
12. ^ a b c Baker, Richard; McKenzie, Nick (15 August 2010). "RBA agent's oil for food link". The Sydney Morning Herald. Archived from the original on 23 December 2021. Retrieved 14 December 2021.
13. ^ a b c d PTI (21 October 2016). "CBI registers FIR against NRI arms dealer in Embraer deal". India Today. Archived from the original on 26 January 2022. Retrieved 27 July 2022.
14. ^ a b c d e Sarin, Ritu (28 October 2006). "Arms and the Men". The Indian Express. Archived from the original on 4 June 2022. Retrieved 4 June 2022.
15. ^ a b Ray, Shantanu Guha; Nayyar, Dhiraj (2012). "A look at the loopholes in the defence procurement process". India Today. Archived from the original on 16 February 2022. Retrieved 12 April 2022.
16. ^ a b Pandey, Devesh K. (21 October 2016). "ED to investigate money trail in Embraer deal case". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Archived from the original on 28 June 2022. Retrieved 28 June 2022.
17. ^ a b c d Mahapatra, Dhananjay (15 August 2007). "Barak deal kickback £7.3m". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 6 September 2021. Retrieved 8 March 2022.
18. ^ a b c d Mihir, Srivastava (5 April 2012). "The Men Who Do Not Exist". Open. Archived from the original on 11 November 2020. Retrieved 11 March 2021.
19. ^ a b Express News Service (16 September 2006). "Oil-for-food scam: No reprieve to Vipin Khanna". The Indian Express. Archived from the original on 28 June 2022. Retrieved 28 June 2022.
20. ^ a b "Navin Khanna - Director information and companies associated with". Zauba Corp. Archived from the original on 24 January 2022. Retrieved 24 January 2022.
21. ^ a b "Vinita Singh". The Company Check. Archived from the original on 14 March 2023. Retrieved 14 March 2023.
22. ^ a b News Team (4 August 2011). "Mann seems to have lost his mental balance :Arvind Khanna". The India Post. Archived from the original on 30 October 2022. Retrieved 23 April 2022.
23. ^ a b Sarin, Ritu (11 October 2021). "Pandora Papers: Kamal Nath's son, Agusta deal key accused had offshore links". The Indian Express. Archived from the original on 16 February 2022. Retrieved 19 February 2022.
24. ^ Arvind Khanna and Manik Kamra (25 April 2022). Arvind Khanna on Education System, Punjab, Sports & his Life Lessons | Jan Tak Show (YouTube video) (in English and Punjabi). Ayush Bajaj (producer). Jan Talk Show. 37:00 minutes in. Archived from the original on 12 June 2022. Retrieved 12 June 2022.`{{cite AV media}}`: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
25. ^ "National Defence Academy, History of NDA". 19 April 2012. Archived from the original on 19 April 2012. Retrieved 12 February 2022.
26. ^ Rikhye, Indar Jit (2002). Trumpets and Tumults: The Memoirs of a Peacekeeper. India: Manohar. p. 115\. ISBN 9788173044090.
27. ^ Rikhye, Indar Jit (2002). Trumpets and Tumults: The Memoirs of a Peacekeeper. India: Manohar. pp. 114–117. ISBN 9788173044090.
28. ^ a b c d "Vipin K Khanna". Vipin Khanna. Archived from the original on 8 December 2013. Retrieved 8 September 2022.
29. ^ "FIRST UNITED NATIONS EMERGENCY FORCE (UNEF I) - Facts and Figures". peacekeeping.un.org. Archived from the original on 26 February 2019. Retrieved 7 September 2022.
30. ^ a b Committee on Public Undertakings (13 December 1967). "Fifth Report on Contract Entered into by State Trading Corporation of India (with M/s Oval Industries Inc., New York for Import of sulphur) pertaining to Ministry of Commerce" (PDF). Parliament Digital Library. Lok Sabha Secretariat. p. 21\. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 February 2022. Retrieved 13 February 2022.
31. ^ Lok Sabha Debates (8 July 1971). "Lok Sabha Debates: Second Session (Fifth Lok Sabha)" (PDF). Parliament Digital Library. Lok Sabha Secretariat. pp. 147–148. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 February 2022. Retrieved 12 February 2022.
32. ^ a b "Foreign buyer program: visit of Vipin Khanna" (PDF). The National Archives: Archives.gov. The National Archives. 15 February 1975. Archived from the original on 15 February 2022. Retrieved 13 February 2022.
33. ^ "State-commerce evaluation of the commercial function" (PDF). The National Archives: Archives.gov. The National Archives. 24 August 1976. Archived from the original on 13 February 2022. Retrieved 13 February 2022.
34. ^ "Tender Opportunity" (PDF). The National Archives: Archives.gov. The National Archives. 30 May 1978. Archived from the original on 14 February 2022. Retrieved 13 February 2022.
35. ^ a b "Peace Indigo". The National Archives: Archives.gov. The National Archives. 11 June 1975. Archived from the original on 13 February 2022. Retrieved 14 February 2022.
36. ^ a b "Commercial telegram to: Mr. H. Walter Waple General Electric Company" (PDF). The National Archives: Archives.gov. The National Archives. 28 December 1979. Archived from the original on 13 February 2022. Retrieved 14 February 2022.
37. ^ "PEACE INDIGO - REL-REEVES" (PDF). The National Archives: Archives.gov. The National Archives. 19 June 1975. Archived from the original on 25 August 2023. Retrieved 14 August 2023.
38. ^ a b c "Oil & Gas". DSSI International. Archived from the original on 29 December 2016. Retrieved 17 February 2022.
39. ^ a b "Minerals and Metals". DSSI International. Archived from the original on 29 December 2016. Retrieved 27 June 2022.
40. ^ "Newsprint". DSSI International. Archived from the original on 29 December 2016. Retrieved 2 June 2023.
41. ^ "Fertilizer". DSSI International. Archived from the original on 29 December 2016. Retrieved 2 June 2023.
42. ^ "Agro Commodities". DSSI International. Archived from the original on 30 December 2016. Retrieved 17 February 2022.
43. ^ "Steel". DSSI International. Archived from the original on 29 December 2016. Retrieved 17 February 2022.
44. ^ a b c "Engineering Support". DSSI International. Archived from the original on 30 December 2016. Retrieved 14 May 2022.
45. ^ "Ship Broking". DSSI International. Archived from the original on 29 December 2016. Retrieved 14 May 2022.
46. ^ "D S S I Exports Private Limited - Company Details". The Company Check. Archived from the original on 13 April 2023. Retrieved 3 July 2022.
47. ^ a b "About us". Chelsea. Archived from the original on 2 April 2004. Retrieved 4 July 2022.`{{cite web}}`: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
48. ^ "Trademark Registration of CAPELLI™ in STATE NOT SPECIFIED". Startupwala. Archived from the original on 7 September 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2022.
49. ^ "Trademarks of D.s.s.i.exports Pvt. Ltd". Zauba Corp. Archived from the original on 7 September 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2022.
50. ^ World Business Directory. Farmington Hills, Michigan: Gale Research Incorporated. 1999. p. 1749\. Archived from the original on 31 March 2023. Retrieved 30 September 2022.
51. ^ a b Statesman News Service (13 September 2017). "Hera Group eyes industrial waste conversion project in Punjab". The Statesman. Archived from the original on 27 March 2022. Retrieved 27 March 2022.
52. ^ "Offshore Outsourcing in India – "Next Generation" Approaches". ResponseSource Press Release Wire. 2003. Archived from the original on 17 April 2022. Retrieved 27 March 2022.
53. ^ a b "D S S I Foods Private Limited - Company Details". The Company Check. Archived from the original on 3 July 2022. Retrieved 3 July 2022.
54. ^ a b "Home". DSSI Food. Archived from the original on 3 April 2005. Retrieved 4 July 2022.
55. ^ Singh, Ramindar (15 September 1986). "Lobbying for defence contracts is hard core, brutal and uncompromising". India Today. Archived from the original on 2 April 2022. Retrieved 29 June 2022.
56. ^ a b Ray, Shantanu Guha; Nayyar, Dhiraj (30 March 2012). "A look at the loopholes in the defence procurement process". India Today. Archived from the original on 16 February 2022. Retrieved 16 February 2022.
57. ^ Ramesh, PR (4 October 2018). "The Truth About Rafale: A Controversy Unravelled". Open. Archived from the original on 5 February 2023. Retrieved 4 November 2023.
58. ^ Business World: Volume 16. Kolkata, West Bengal: Ananda Bazar Patrika Limited. 1997. p. 152\. Archived from the original on 13 April 2023. Retrieved 18 May 2022.
59. ^ Panda, H. (7 February 2002). Handbook On Chemical Industries (Alcohol Based). Delhi, India: Asia Pacific Business Press Incorporated. p. 282\. ISBN 978-81-7833-067-9. Archived from the original on 13 April 2023. Retrieved 18 May 2022.
60. ^ a b Business India: Issues 491-497. Mumbai, Maharashtra: A.H. Advani. 1997. p. 27\. Archived from the original on 30 March 2023. Retrieved 30 March 2023.
61. ^ a b "Beverage". DSSI International. Archived from the original on 30 December 2016. Retrieved 16 February 2022.
62. ^ a b The Global Drinks Record. London, England: System Three Communications. 1999. pp. 10–16. Archived from the original on 13 April 2023. Retrieved 18 May 2022.
63. ^ Jain, Madhu (15 May 1997). "Indian industrialists choose to represent diplomatic interests of other countries". India Today. Archived from the original on 20 December 2021. Retrieved 16 February 2022.
64. ^ a b "Allied Domecq buys Clan Morgans 26% stake in Indian JV for Rs 83 cr". The Financial Express. 24 January 2005. Archived from the original on 13 April 2023. Retrieved 7 July 2022.
65. ^ "V4 Security Service Private Limited - Company Details". The Company Check. Archived from the original on 13 April 2023. Retrieved 29 June 2022.
66. ^ a b c "Home". V4 Securities. Archived from the original on 25 April 2022. Retrieved 29 June 2022.
67. ^ a b Sarin, Ritu (11 October 2021). "Pandora Papers: Kamal Nath's son, Agusta deal key accused had offshore links". The Indian Express. Archived from the original on 16 February 2022. Retrieved 16 February 2022.
68. ^ a b Lawrence, James (3 July 2019). "Tamarind, Mayfair: Restaurant Review | Food | Taste". Luxury London. Archived from the original on 16 February 2022. Retrieved 26 February 2022.
69. ^ Chomka, Stefan (3 May 2018). "Tamarind Mayfair to reopen later this year with a 'private club' feel". BigHospitality. Archived from the original on 6 December 2021. Retrieved 15 March 2023.
70. ^ "Aditya Khanna". LinkedIn. Retrieved 15 March 2023.
71. ^ "The 28 best Indian restaurants in London". CN Traveller. 30 July 2021. Archived from the original on 16 February 2022. Retrieved 16 February 2022.
72. ^ Shroff, Nicole (11 October 2017). "Tamarind Kitchen". End of the Fork. Archived from the original on 6 March 2022. Retrieved 8 March 2022.
73. ^ Kühn, Kerstin (6 February 2013). "Tamarind Collection buys Zaika". The Caterer. Archived from the original on 15 March 2023. Retrieved 15 March 2023.
74. ^ "A London Restaurant Classic Returns: The re-imagined Zaika of Kensington is now open". Luxury Travel Magazine. 27 November 2014. Archived from the original on 15 March 2023. Retrieved 15 March 2023.
75. ^ Kaupthing Bank (18 June 2007). "Kaupthing Bank acquires a 20% stake in FiNoble Advisors in India". GlobeNewswire News Room. Archived from the original on 26 February 2022. Retrieved 26 February 2022.
76. ^ Harris, Stephen (19 June 2007). "Kaupthing Enters Indian Market". WealthBriefingAsia. Archived from the original on 2 May 2023. Retrieved 2 May 2023.
77. ^ Guerrero, Antonio (1 January 2008). "Global Finance Magazine - Features : Country Report: Iceland". Global Finance Magazine. Archived from the original on 2 May 2023. Retrieved 2 May 2023.
78. ^ South Asia and U.S. Interests: A Report to the Committee on Foreign Relations, United States Senate. U.S. Government Printing Office. 1985. Archived from the original on 13 April 2023. Retrieved 11 February 2022.
79. ^ Jain, Madhu (15 May 1997). "Indian industrialists choose to represent diplomatic interests of other countries". India Today. Archived from the original on 20 December 2021. Retrieved 20 December 2021.
80. ^ a b c Inbar, Efraim; Ningthoujam, Alvite Singh (January 2012). "Indo-Israeli Defense Cooperation in the Twenty-First Century". Mideast Security and Policy Studies. No. 93: 22–24 - via ResearchGate.
81. ^ Pandit, Rajat (21 October 2006). "Arms deals: Agents have free run". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 29 June 2022. Retrieved 29 June 2022.
82. ^ Ahmed, M. (21 April 1997). "Bofors Ghost Casts Shadow On Indian Sales Of Arms Majors". Business Standard India. Archived from the original on 6 April 2022. Retrieved 9 May 2022.
83. ^ Pandit, Rajat (2013). "India, the world's largest arms importer doesn't employ a single authorized agent". The Economic Times. Archived from the original on 2 April 2022. Retrieved 2 April 2022.
84. ^ a b Ramesh, PR (12 May 2016). "Indian Arms Dealers: The Defence Dynasty". Open. Archived from the original on 26 January 2022. Retrieved 19 March 2022.
85. ^ a b c d Bahal, Aniruddha; Samuel, Mathew. "Operation West End". Tehelka. p. 37\. Archived from the original on 31 March 2001. Retrieved 21 July 2022.
86. ^ a b c "The Illustrated Weekly Of India Vol.108, No.26-49(july-dec)1987". Internet Archive. 1987. p. 90. Retrieved 12 July 2022.
87. ^ Chakraborty, Anil Kumar (1999). Dismissal of the Naval Chief, Arms Deals Expose. Trishul Publications. p. 120\. Archived from the original on 13 April 2023. Retrieved 29 July 2022.
88. ^ a b Bahal, Aniruddha; Samuel, Mathew. "Operation West End". Tehelka. p. 36\. Archived from the original on 31 March 2001. Retrieved 21 July 2022.
89. ^ a b c d e f Trehan, Madhu (6 April 2011). Prism Me a Lie Tell Me A Truth: Tehelka as Metaphor. New Delhi: Roli Books. ISBN 978-81-7436-950-5. Archived from the original on 13 April 2023. Retrieved 29 July 2022.
90. ^ Coren, Ora (1 December 2005). "Elbit Completes Takeover of Elisra, Tadiran Communications". Haaretz. Archived from the original on 21 July 2022. Retrieved 21 July 2022.
91. ^ DDN (6 July 2008). "Elbit's Tadiran Merger Final". Defense Daily. Archived from the original on 13 April 2023. Retrieved 21 July 2022.
92. ^ "Elbit Systems to buy rest of Elisra for $67.5 mln". Reuters. 22 February 2011. Archived from the original on 21 July 2022. Retrieved 21 July 2022.
93. ^ a b PTI (6 June 2005). "FIR filed in Denel arms scam | India News - Times of India". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 17 July 2022. Retrieved 17 July 2022.
94. ^ a b Sarin, Ritu (20 May 2011). "Swiss give leads in Denel payoffs case". The Indian Express. Archived from the original on 4 June 2022. Retrieved 4 June 2022.
95. ^ TNN (9 December 2006). "Arms dealer in fresh trouble over foreign funds". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 14 December 2021. Retrieved 14 December 2021.
96. ^ a b TNN (26 August 2007). "Barak case: SC tells CBI to submit Khanna passport". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 6 May 2022. Retrieved 6 May 2022.
97. ^ IANS (1 February 2017). "Court accepts closure report in Barak missile deal". Business Standard India. Archived from the original on 30 October 2022. Retrieved 6 June 2022.
98. ^ Mohan, Archis (14 October 2006). "Barak deal: George charged by CBI". Hindustan Times. Archived from the original on 9 April 2022. Retrieved 24 February 2022.
99. ^ Tribune News Service (9 December 2020). "ED for prosecuting money launderers in Embraer deal". Tribune India. Archived from the original on 15 April 2022. Retrieved 15 April 2022.
100. ^ a b c "State (Cbi) vs Unknown on 27 January, 2017". Indian Kanoon. 27 January 2017. Archived from the original on 20 July 2022. Retrieved 20 July 2022.
101. ^ Sarin, Ritu (21 October 2016). "CBI names defence agent Vipin Khanna as key beneficiary in Embraer payoffs FIR". The Indian Express. Archived from the original on 6 September 2021. Retrieved 14 December 2021.
102. ^ a b Chauhan, Neeraj (9 December 2020). "ED files charge sheet over kickbacks in UPA-era Embraer aircraft deal". Hindustan Times. Archived from the original on 21 August 2022. Retrieved 6 September 2022.
103. ^ Chauhan, Neeraj (2 March 2017). "CBI questions Embraer deal 'middleman' Vipin Khanna over bribe | India News - Times of India". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 6 September 2021. Retrieved 14 December 2021.
104. ^ "Embraer's Dominican and Indian Bribery Schemes – Compendium of Arms Trade Corruption". Tufts: World Peace Foundation. Archived from the original on 2 July 2022. Retrieved 14 June 2022.
105. ^ N.S, Ravidasan; Singh, Vijay Kumar (2020). "Civil Enforcement Action against Corporate Corruption: A Legislative Lacunae in India". International Journal of Transparency and Accountability in Governance: 95–96. doi:10.2139/ssrn.3941277. ISSN 1556-5068. S2CID 245205576. Archived from the original on 13 April 2023. Retrieved 17 December 2021 - via SSRN.
106. ^ Javaid, Azaan (23 July 2017). "Embraer deal: CBI turns to UK for information". Hindustan Times. Archived from the original on 9 November 2020. Retrieved 6 September 2022.
107. ^ Press Trust of India (21 October 2016). "CBI registers FIR against NRI arms dealer in Embraer deal". Business Standard India. Archived from the original on 22 October 2016. Retrieved 6 September 2022.
108. ^ PTI (21 October 2016). "Embraer deal: CBI registers FIR against NRI arms dealer Vipin Khanna". Firstpost. Archived from the original on 14 June 2022. Retrieved 14 June 2022.
109. ^ Tribune News Service (5 June 2023). "Embraer deal case: CBI files charge sheet naming arms dealer Arvind Khanna, others". Tribune India. Archived from the original on 5 June 2023. Retrieved 5 June 2023.
110. ^ a b Sarin, Ritu (5 September 2006). "2nd set of ED notices are out, arms deals on the radar". The Indian Express. Archived from the original on 25 June 2022. Retrieved 25 June 2022.
111. ^ a b c Sarin, Ritu (6 August 2006). "Oil stain spreads to defence deals". The Indian Express. Archived from the original on 12 June 2022. Retrieved 12 June 2022.
112. ^ a b "CBI approaches SC on Vipin Khanna's passport issue". Zee News. 11 February 2007. Archived from the original on 13 April 2023. Retrieved 12 June 2022.
113. ^ "India halts Barak I missile purchase". UPI. 30 August 2012. Archived from the original on 2 March 2022. Retrieved 14 June 2022.
114. ^ McKenzie, Nick; Baker, Richard (30 November 2011). "Meeting an arms dealer? No big deal". The Sydney Morning Herald. Archived from the original on 14 May 2022. Retrieved 14 May 2022.
115. ^ a b "Arvind Khanna Bereaved". PressReader. 3 July 2012. Archived from the original on 21 December 2021. Retrieved 26 January 2022.
116. ^ Rana, Mahendra Singh (2006). India Votes: Lok Sabha & Vidhan Sabha Elections 2001-2005. Sarup & Sons. ISBN 978-81-7625-647-6. Archived from the original on 13 April 2023. Retrieved 11 March 2022.
117. ^ a b "Nagindra Khanna - Times of India". The Times of India. 3 July 2012. Archived from the original on 24 January 2022. Retrieved 26 January 2022.
118. ^ "V4 Security Service Private Limited - People & Contacts". The Company Check. Archived from the original on 14 March 2023. Retrieved 14 March 2023.
119. ^ "Nagindra Khanna - Times of India". The Times of India. 3 July 2012. Archived from the original on 24 January 2022. Retrieved 24 January 2022.
120. ^ "Raja Randhir SINGH - Indian Olympic Association, IOC Member since 2001". International Olympic Committee. 16 December 2021. Archived from the original on 9 January 2022. Retrieved 24 January 2022.
121. ^ "Oilex Trading Pvt Ltd". Oilex Trading. Archived from the original on 23 March 2022. Retrieved 30 January 2023.
122. ^ "NAVIN KHANNA". Tofler. Archived from the original on 30 January 2023. Retrieved 30 January 2023.
123. ^ IndiaToday.in (2 July 2014). "Sports acupuncture scores major points among fitness enthusiasts". India Today. Archived from the original on 29 January 2023. Retrieved 9 March 2023.
124. ^ Kala, Leher (22 March 2009). "On a slow trot". archive.indianexpress.com. Archived from the original on 13 April 2023. Retrieved 9 March 2023.
125. ^ Singh, Khushwant (15 February 2017). Captain Amarinder Singh: The People's Maharaja: An Authorized Biography. Hay House, Inc. ISBN 978-93-85827-44-0. Archived from the original on 13 April 2023. Retrieved 13 March 2023.
126. ^ HT Correspondent (11 January 2022). "Punjab elections: Ex-Congress MLA Arvind Khanna, Tohra's grandson join BJP". Hindustan Times. Archived from the original on 11 January 2022. Retrieved 11 January 2022.
127. ^ "Sangrur Assembly Constituency Election Result - Legislative Assembly Constituency". Result University. Archived from the original on 21 December 2021. Retrieved 21 December 2021.
128. ^ "Dhuri Assembly Constituency Election Result - Legislative Assembly Constituency". Result University. Archived from the original on 21 December 2021. Retrieved 21 December 2021.
129. ^ Sagar, Pradip R. (23 October 2019). "Role of AgustaWestland middleman in anti-tank missile deal under lens". The Week. Archived from the original on 2 March 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2023.
130. ^ "Business Activity". Arvind Khanna. Archived from the original on 30 October 2022. Retrieved 23 June 2022.
131. ^ Roy, Vijay C. (20 August 2010). "Punjab rural women benefiting from NGOs". Business Standard India. Archived from the original on 30 October 2022. Retrieved 9 March 2023.
132. ^ "How We Began". Umeed. Archived from the original on 30 October 2022. Retrieved 9 March 2023.
133. ^ a b "About us: Aditya Khanna". Aditya Khanna DSSI. Archived from the original on 14 August 2013. Retrieved 24 July 2022.
134. ^ "Aditya Khanna - Director information and companies associated with". Zauba Corp. Archived from the original on 25 February 2022. Retrieved 24 July 2022.
135. ^ Rana, Mahendra Singh (2006). India Votes: Lok Sabha & Vidhan Sabha Elections 2001-2005. Sarup & Sons. ISBN 978-81-7625-647-6. Archived from the original on 13 April 2023. Retrieved 11 March 2022.
136. ^ "Shri Vipin Kumar Khanna, New Delhi vs Acit, New Delhi on 16 March, 2018". Indian Kanoon. 16 March 2018. Archived from the original on 13 April 2023. Retrieved 25 June 2022.